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新视野第三版课后练习翻译
吐泡泡工作室编制
Book
One
Unit One
ate the following paragraph into
Chinese.
Socrates was a
classical Greek philosopher who is credited with
laying the
fundamentals
(
基础
) of modern Western
philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known
chiefly through the accounts of later
classical writers, especially the writings of his
most
famous student Plato, Socrates has
become well known for his contribution to the
field
of ethics. His method of
teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking
and
answering questions to stimulate
critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a
commonly used tool in a wide range of
discussions. He also made important and lasting
contributions to the field of
epistemology(
认识论
) and
logic
，
and the influence of
his
ideas and approach remains a strong
foundation for Western philosophy that followed.
Socrates was the most colorful figure
in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was
widespread in his own time, and his
name soon became a household word although he
constructed no philosophical system,
established no school, and founded no
sect(
宗派
).
译文：
苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被
誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，
人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家
的叙
述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格
拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而
闻名。
他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法
，
即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。
该方法在
各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域做出了重大而深远的贡献。
他的思想
和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。
苏格拉底是古代哲学史
上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾
设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。
ate the following paragraph into
English.
注意：主语
系动词或谓语
表语或宾语
（定语）
孔子（主语）是（系动词）
（中国历史上著名的）
（定语）思想家（表语）、教育家、
是（儒家学派（
Confucianism
）的）创始人，被尊称为（古代的）
“
圣人
”
（
sage
）。（他
的）言论和生平活动记录
《论语》是（中国古代文化的）经典著作，
对后来历代的思想家、
文学家、政治家产生了，就不能把握（中国几千
年的传统）文化。（孔子的很多）思想教
育思想（主语同位语），对中国社会产生了（深
远的）影响。
在
21
世纪的今天，（孔子
的）学说不仅受到（中国人）重视，而且也越来越受到（整
个国际社会的）重视。
Translation:
Confucius was
（
a
great
）
thinker
and educator
（
in Chinese
history.
）
He was
the
founder
（
of
Confucianism
）
and
was referred to as
（
an
ancient
）
“sage”.
（
His
）
words
and life story were
recorded An enduring classic
（
of ancient Chinese
culture,
）
The
Analects has had a great influence
on
（
that came after
Confucius.
）
one
could hardly
understand
（
the thousands-
of-
years’ traditional
Chinese
）
culture.
（
Much of
Confucius’
）
thought
（
his
）
thought
（
on
education,
）
has
had
（
a
profound
）
influence
onst
（
Confucian
）
thought retains the attention
（
of the
Chinese,
）
it wins
（
an
increasing
）
attention
（
from
the international
community.
）
Unit
Two
ate the following
paragraph into Chinese.
Christmas is a widely observed cultural
holiday, celebrated on December 25 by
millions of people around the world. It
commemorates(
纪念
) the birth
of Jesus Christ.
The festival dated
from as early as 336 AD. Gradually it evolved into
a religious as well
as
secular(
非宗教的
) celebration,
celebrated by an increasing number of non-
Christians.
Today Christmas is observed
as an
important festival and
public holiday around the world. Christmas customs
differ in
different countries. Popular
modern customs of the holiday include an exchange
of
Christmas cards and gifts, Christmas
singing, church attendance, the display of various
Christmas decorations and trees, family
gatherings, and a special meal preparation. To
small children, the festival is full of
fantasy and surprise.
Legend(
传说）
has it that Santa
Claus will enter each house through the
chimney and bring gifts to well-behaved children
on Christmas Eve. Because gift-giving
and many other aspects of the Christmas festival
heighten economic activity among both
Christmas and non-Christmas, the holiday has
also become a significant event and a
key sales period for business.
译文：
圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文
化节日，
全世界有许许多多的人在
12
月
25
日庆祝这一
节日。它是为了纪念
耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早课追溯到公元
336
年。渐渐地，
这一节
日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如
今，圣
诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各
不相
同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活
动、
摆放各种圣诞饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来
说，
这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣
诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送
礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，
圣诞节也因此成为商家
的一
个重大活动和主要销售季。
ate the following paragraph into
English.
每年农历（
Chinese lunar
calendar)
八月十五是（我国的传统）节日
———
中秋节（
the Mid-Autumn
Festival
）。
这时是（一年秋季的）中期被称为中秋。
（中秋节的一项重要）活动是赏月。夜晚，人们
赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节
也是（家庭团圆的）时刻，
（远在他乡的）游子，
会借此寄托（
自己对故乡和亲人的思念之）情。（中秋节的）习俗很多，都寄托着（人们
对美好生活的
）热爱和向往中秋节成为（中国的法定）节假日。
Translation: August 15
（
of every
year
）
is
（
a
traditional
）
festival ----the
Mid-Autumn
Festival.
（
This
）
day is the middle
（
of
autumn
）
it is called Mid-
Autumn.
One
（
of
the important Mid-Autumn Festival
activities
）
is to
enjoy the moon. people
gather together
The festival isa time
（
for
family reunion
）
. People
（
living far away from
home
）
will express
（
their
）
feelings
（
of
missing their hometowns and
families
）
There
are many customsthe Mid-Autumn
Festival
has become
（
an official
national
）
holiday
（
in
China
）
.
Unit Three
ate
the following paragraph into Chinese.
The London Underground is a rapid
transit(
交通运输系统
) system in
the United
Kingdom, serving a large
part of Greater London. The underground system is
also
known as the Tube, due to the
characteristic shape of the subway tunnels. It all
started
in the mid-
1800s.
The Tube was the world’s first underground train
system, with the first
section opening
in 1863. Since then it has grown to an underground
masterpiece(
杰作
)
of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250
miles of rail track, 45% of which is underground.
It
is the fourth largest metro system
in the world in terms of route miles. It also has
one of
the largest numbers of stations.
As an affordable and easy way to get around
London,
the Tube remains the first
choice for millions of commuters each day, as well
as tourists
visiting the city on
holidays. The Tube has been an international icon
for London. The
London Underground
celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013,
with various events
marking the
milestone(
里程碑
).
译文：
使中国成为第三个发射载人飞
船的国家，
适合任何年龄、
性别、体型的人练习，伦敦地
铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，
服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。
地铁系统因其地铁隧道的
典型形状也被称为地下管道。
伦敦地铁始建于
19
世纪中期，
是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。
它的第一段地铁于
1863
年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一个包括
12
条
线路、
275
个车站、铁轨总长超过
250
英里的地铁杰作，其中有
45%
在地下运行
伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，
服务于大伦敦的大部
分地区。
地铁系统因其
地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。
伦敦地铁始建于
19
世纪中期，是世界上最早的地
下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于
1863
年开始运营
。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一
个包括
12
条线路、
275
个车站、
铁轨总长超过
250
英里的地铁杰作，
其中有
45%
在地下运
行。就路线长度
而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作
为一个走遍伦
敦的经济便捷的途径，
伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游历伦
敦首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。
2013
< br>年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝
地铁运营
150
周年，纪念这一里程碑。
11.
Translate the following paragraph into English.
中国航天业开创于
1956
年，几十年来，
中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。
1970
年，
中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，
成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发
射人造地球
卫星的国家。
1992
年，
中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（
manned spaceflight progr
am
）。
2003
年，中国成功发射了
“
神舟五号
”
载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。
2007
年
发射了
“
嫦娥一号
”
< br>，即第一颗绕月球飞行（
lunar-orbiting
）的人造卫星。
2013
年，
第五艘载
人飞船
“
神舟十号
”
< br>发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。
Translation
：
China’s space industry was launched
in1956. Over the past decades, China’s space
industry has created one miracle after
another. In 1970 China launched its first man-made
earth satellite, ranking China the
fifth country in the world to independently
develop and
launch man-made earth
satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the
manned
spaceflight program. In 2003
China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The
successful launch made China the third
country to launch manned spaceships. In 2007
Chang’e
-1, the first lunar-
orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. In
2013
Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned
spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the
foundation for building the Chinese
Space Station.
Unit Four
10.
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
As one of the first Europeans to travel
across Asia through China, Marco Polo is
perhaps the most well-known foreign
merchant and voyager to the Chinese people. He
traveled extensively
(
广泛地
) with his family,
journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to
1295. He remained in China for 17 of
those years. His book The Travels of Marco Polo
depicts his journeys throughout Asia,
giving Europeans their first comprehensive look
into
the Far East, including China,
India, and Japan. From his written accounts the
Westerners
learned
of
porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money,
and silk for the first time. The
wealth
of new geographic information recorded by Polo was
widely used in the late 15th
and the
16th centuries during the age of the European
voyages of discovery and conquest
(
征服
)
。
In the centuries since his death, Marco
Polo has received the recognition that
failed to come his way during his
lifetime. Marco Polo’s story has inspired
countless other
adventurers to set off
and see the world.
译文：
作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可
?
波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人
和航海家。从
1271
年到
1295
年，他和他的家人游历广泛，
遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在
中国留居了
17
< br>年。他的著作《马可
?
波罗游记》描述了他游历亚洲的旅
程，让欧洲人首次
全面领略了包括中国、
印度和日本在内的远东
地区的情况。
从他的文字叙述中，
西方人第一
< br>次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、纸币以及丝绸。在
15
世纪末和
16
世纪欧洲发现与
征服
的大航海时代，马可
?
波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广
泛使用。在他去世的这
个几个世纪里，马可
?
< br>波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马可
?
波罗的
故事鼓舞了
其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。
11. Translate the following paragraph
into English.
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（
maritime
explorer
）。公元
1405
年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（
border defens
e
）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下
西洋（
the Western Sea
）。在此后的
28
年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员
有
10
多万人，访问了
30
多个国家和地
区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和
下西洋是世界航海（
< br>navigation
）史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时
展现了明朝的国力和国威
（
natio
nal strength and prestige
）
,
加强了明朝和海外各国之间的
关系。
Translation
：
Zheng He was the most famous maritime
explorer in Chinese history. In 1405 AD, the
ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He
on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to
strengthen border defense and develop
trade by sea. In the following 28 years, Zheng He
led his fleet, made seven voyages to
the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members
in total, and visited more than 30
countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into
South
Asia and West Asia, and made all
the way to the continent of Africa. Zheng He’s
voyages
to the Western Seas were a
great feat in the world’s navigation history. It
showed Zheng
He’s outstanding
navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it
exhibited t
he national
strength and prestige of the Ming
Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships
between
the Ming Dynasty and the
overseas countries.
Unit Five
10. Translate the following paragraph
into Chinese.
The first written records
of the ancient Olympic Games date to 776 BC. The
ancient
Olympics were held every four
years between August 6 and September 19 during a
religious festival honoring
Zeus(
宙斯
).The first modern
Olympics were held in Athens,
Greece,
in 1896. The Olympic symbol consists of five
interlaced rings of equal dimensions,