-
钻井工程术语
Terms of well
drilling engineering
2
钻井总论
general
2.1
井的基本概念
basic
concept of a well
井
well
,井口
wellhead
,井底
hole bottom
,裸眼
open-hole
,井深
well depth
,井壁
well wall
,
annulus
井眼轴线
hole
axis:
井眼的中心线,井身结构
casing program
2.2
井的类别
well type:
探井
exploratory
well
,开发井
development
well
,直井
straight
well
3
钻井方法
drilling
method:
顿钻钻井
cable tool
drilling:
,杆式顿钻
rod tool
drilling
,绳式顿钻
cable
drilling
,旋转钻井
rotary
drilling
,
转盘钻井
rotary drilling
,
顶
部驱动钻井
top drive drilling
,
井底动力钻井
down hole
motor
drilling
,涡轮钻井
turbo-
drilling
,螺杆钻井
Dyna-
drilling
,电动钻井
electric drilling:
2.4
钻井种类
kinds of
drilling
海上钻井
offshore
drilling
,沙漠钻井
desert
drilling
,清水钻井
water drilling<
/p>
,空气(天然气)钻
井
air(gas)
drilling
,
泡沫钻井
foam
drilling
,
雾化钻井
mist
drilling
,
充气钻井液钻井
a
erated drilling
fluid
drilling
,平衡压力钻井
balanced
pressure
drilling
,欠平衡压力钻井
under-
balanced drilling
,
近平衡压力钻井
near balanced
drilling
,小井眼钻井
slim hole
drilling
,取芯钻井
core
drilling
,
2.5
工程报废井
engineering abandoned well
2.6
钻井设计
well
design
2.7
单井工程设计
e
ngineering design of a single well
2.8
钻井工程质量
drilling
engineering quality
2.9
钻井工序
drilling
process
2.10
钻井进度
drilling
progress
2.11
钻井条件
drilling
condition
3
岩石的物理机械性质及可钻性
rock physical mechanical properties
and drillability
3.1
岩石的物理机械性质
rock
mechanical properties:
矿物的微硬度
mineral micro-
hardness
,岩石的微硬度
rock micro-
hardness
,岩石的硬度
rock
hardness
,肖氏岩石硬度
Shore's
hardness
,岩石的筒形抗内压胀烈试验
hollow
cylinder burst test:
,
岩石的常规抗压
缩强度
rock compressive
strength
,岩石的捣碎法压缩试验
crashing
compression
test for
rock
,岩石的抗压入破碎强度
rock
fragmenting
strength
,压模静压入
static impact
test
,压
力面
pressure
face
,等剪应力球面
iso-shear
sphere
,压模压入岩石时的变形曲线
force-
penetration
curve
,动压入
(
冲击压入
) impact
penetration
,岩石的抗剪切强度
rock
shear strength
,岩石的抗剪
切强度试验
rock shear
testing
,三轴应力状态
tri-axial
stress state
,岩石的三轴强度试验
tri-
axial
compressive test of rock
,
岩石的常规三轴试验
conventional
triaxial test of
rock
,
岩石的真三轴试验
true
triaxial test of
rock
,脆性岩石
brittle
rock
,岩石的塑性
rock
plasticity
,塑性岩石
plastic
rock
,
岩石的塑性变形
rock
plastic deformation
,
,岩石的假塑性破
坏
rock pseudo-plastics
breakage
,
,
岩石的塑性系数
rock plasticity coeff
icient
,岩石脆塑性转变压力
(
临界压力
) rock brittle-plastic
transition
pressure
,
岩层蠕变
strata creep
,
岩石的库
仑
-
纳维尔强度准则
Coulomb-
Navier strength
criterion for
rock
,岩石的莫尔强度准则
Mohr failure
criterion for rock
,岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏
准则
Griffith theory for rock brittle
failure
,统计强度理论
statistical
strength theory
,破碎机理
crushing
mechanism
,单齿压入试验
single tooth
penetration test
,破碎坑
cruched
crater
,破碎接触
压力
fracture contact
pressure
,牙轮钻头承压面积
bit bearing
area
,岩石的表面破碎
rock surface
fracture:
,岩石的疲劳破碎
roc
k fatigue
fracture
,岩石的体积破碎
rock
volumetric fracture
,岩石的
单位体积破
碎功
rock specific volumetric fragile
work
,地温梯度
geothermal
gradient
,地温级度
geothermal
step
,高导热系数层
high thermal
conductivity strata
,地应力
in-
situ stress
,岩层的水平
侧向应力
strata lateral
stress
,侧压系数
lateral pressure
coefficient
,围压
confinning pre
ssure
,各向
压缩效应
triax
ial compressibility effect
,
有
效应力
effective
stress
,
零有效应力
zero
effective
stress:
,
压持效应
chip
hold-down effect
,岩石硬度减低剂
rock
hardness reducer
,
3.2
岩石的微观结构
rock
micro-structure
,
3.3
岩石的宏观结构
rock macro-structure
3.4
岩石的不均匀性
rock he
terogeneity
,
3.5
岩石
的各向异性
rock anisotropy
3.6
岩石的可钻性
rock
drill-ability
,
微观钻头可钻性试验
micro-bit drill-ability test
,微型钻
头
micro-
bit
,微型钻头钻速
micro-bit drilling
rate
,微型钻头刀片齿磨损量
micro-bit
cutter wear
,
3.7
岩石研磨性
rock
abrasive properties
,
3.8
岩石的渗透率
rock
permeability
,
4
钻前工程
prespud
operation
4.1
定井位
location de
termination
,
4.2
选线
route selection
,
4
.3
井场
well
site
,
4.4
井场布置
well site
arrangement:
,
4.5
井
场道路
access road at well
site
,
4.6
设备安装
equipment
installation
,
4.7
圆
井
cellar
,
4.8
废泥浆池
waste(reserve)
pit
,
4.9
泥浆罐
mud
tank
,
4.10
钻机基础
rig found
ation
,
预制基础
(
活动基础
) pre-fabricated foundation
,现浇基础
(
死基
础
) foundation grouted in
situ
,桩基础
pile supported
foundation
,
4.11
钻机基础设计
rig
foundation design
,
4.12
基础安装
(
摆基础
)
pre-fabricated
foundation setting
,
< br>4.13
基础浇筑
(
打基础
p>
)
foundation grouti
ng
,
基坑放线
foundation
pit
delimitation
,挖基坑
foundation
pit excavation
,填石灌浆
grout for
bonding rubbles placed into
pit
,
4.14
< br>基础找平
foundation
levelling
,
4.15
基础养护
concret
foundation curing
,
4.16
井架
derrick(mast)
,
塔形井架
pyramid
mast
,
自升式井架
self
erection mast
,前开口式井
架
< br>cantilever mast
,
< br>A
形井架
A-mast
,桅形井
架
mast
,
4.17
井架结构参数
derrick
structural
parameter
,
井架公称高度
derrick nominal height
,井
架底尺寸
derrick base
size
,井架上底尺寸
water table
size
,
二层台公称高度
monkey board
nominal height:
,
井架大门高度
V-door
height
,井架大门开档尺寸
V-door
demensions
,
4.18
井架构件
derrick
member
,井架大腿
derrick leg
,底板
(
支脚板
)
bottom plate
,横杆
(
横
拉筋
)
girt
,斜杆
(
斜拉筋
) brace
,
联接板
(
节点板
) connection angle-
plate
,
操作台
working
platform:
,指梁
finger
board
,二层台
racking
platform(monkey
board)
,三层台
auxillary racking
platform
,天车台
crown safety
platform(crown
runaround)
,天车台人字架
gin
pole
,立管台
standpipe
board
,井架绷
绳
derrick
guy line
,
绷绳锚
guy
line anchor(dead-man)
,
扶梯
ladder
,
钻台
d
errick
floor
,
立根盒
pipe
setback(setback)
,
井架大
门
(
前大门
) V
-door
,
绞车大门
(
后大门
) draw-works window opening
p>
,
挡风
墙
wind
wall
,
4.19
塔形井架安装
pyramid
derrick standing
,
运井架
< br>derrick members transportation:
,
整理井架
rig
spotting
,
安装索具
string drilling line and install
raising line:
,
吊扒杆
cantilever gin
-pole
hoisting
and setting
,封装井架大门
V-door
closing
,升扒杆
cantilever gin-
pole raising
,降扒杆
cantilever
gin-pole lowering
,
放扒杆
cantilever gin-pole laying down
,
变幅
amplitude
,
< br>穿钢丝绳
string
up(stringing
up)
,对吊
balance hoisting with
two cantilever
,起天车
crown
block hoisting
,放天车
crown
block dis
mounting
,高空操作手
erector work high above ground
,第一操作手
first erector
,
第二操作手
erector
,第三操作手
assistant
erector
,
4.20
自升式井架安装
erection of self-erection
mast
,组装井架
mast
assembling
,井架支架
mast
bracket
,起升支架
mast
raising
,起升绳
raising
line
,
底座人字架
A-frame of substructure
:
,井架
调节装置
balance-
adjusting device of
mast
,井架缓冲器
mast
damper
,
4.21
整拖井架
skid-mounted derrick
,
4.22
钻机整体拖运
rig skidding
p>
,
4.23
校正井架
derrick aligning
,
4.24
机泵房
engine-pump housing
,
< br>4.25
钻井队野营房
drilling crew
mobile camp
,
4.26
扒杆
cantilever
gin-pole
,单扒杆
single
cantilever gin-
pole
,悬转扒杆
rotable
turning and
suspended cantilever gin-po
le:
,吊臂
(
臂杆
< br>) cantilever
,主扒杆
main
pole
,上撑杆
upper supporting
pole
,
下撑杆
l
ower support pole
,
辅助撑杆
accessory supporting
pole
,
底部转座
bottom
rotary
table
,
中部转座
middle
rotary
table
,
顶部转座
top
rotary
table
,
座板
bottom pl
ate
,
臂顶滑轮
cantileve
r top
sheave
,变幅滑轮
cantilever amplitude
sheave
,底滑轮
bottom
sheave
,起重钢丝绳
hoisting line
,
变幅钢丝绳
amplitude
line
,
4.27
井架安装车
A-frame
truck:
,
4.28
静力触探车
truck-
mounted static probe
detector
,
4.29
尖槟吊扳手
(
尖扳手
)
cuspate spanner
,
5
钻头的选择和使用
bit
selection and application
5.1
钻头选型
bit select
ion
,
5.2
钻头检查
bit inspection
,
5.3
钻头使用寿命
bit
life
,
5.4
< br>钻头合理起钻时间
reasonable time to pull the
bi
,
5.5
钻头过度使用
overuse of bit
,
5.6
钻头正常磨损
bit
uniform wear
,
5.7
钻
头异常磨损
bit unfavorable
wear
,
5.8
钻头过度磨损
bit
excessive wea
,
5.9
牙轮钻头轴承失效
bit bearing
failure
,
5.10
钻头磨损分析
bit
dullness analysi
s
,牙齿的磨损分级
tooth dullness
grading
,轴承磨损分级
bearing wear
grading
,钻头直径磨损
bit gage
wear
,钻头磨损特征
dull bit a
ppearance
,牙齿折
断
tooth
breakage
,
牙齿脱落
lost
teeth
,
牙齿磨损
tooth
wear
,
牙轮掉落
cone
losing:
,
牙轮破裂
cone
cracking
,牙轮互咬
cone
interference
,牙轮冲蚀
cone-shell
erosion
,牙轮旷动
cone
shaking
,牙轮
卡死
cone
locked
,
轴承密封失效
bear
ing seal
failure
,
钻头直径磨小
bit
gauge
wear
,
喷嘴脱落
nozzle <
/p>
losing
,
水眼螺纹刺坏
thread puncture
,
水眼刺坏
p>
water course puncture
,
< br>喷嘴刺坏
nozzle puncture
,
喷嘴堵塞
nozzle
plugging
,中心磨损严重
bit center
cored out
,巴掌断落
shirt-tail
cut
,巴掌断裂
shirt-tail
breaking
,巴掌尖磨损严重
shirt-tail
severely worn out
,钻头泥包
bit ba
lling
,井底落物损
坏
damag
e from foreign material
,
6
钻柱、钻井工具及仪表
drill
string, drilling tool and
instrumentation
6.1
钻具
drilling too
l
,
方钻杆
kelly
,
钻杆
drill pipe
,
铝合金钻杆
aluminium drill pipe
p>
,
加重钻杆
(
厚<
/p>
壁钻杆
) heavy wall drill
pipe
,
钻铤
drill
collar
,
方钻铤
square
drill collar
,
偏重钻铤
eccentric-weight
drill
collar
,
螺旋钻铤
spiral DC(spiral-grooved
DC):
,接头
joint(sub)
,配合接头
(
转换接头
)
cross-over
sub
,钻杆接头
drill pipe tool
joint
,水龙头接头
swivel tool
joint
,方钻杆保护接头
kelly
saver sub
,
6.2
钻具组合
(
钻具配合
)
drill string
assembly
,
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