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必修
5
Unit1 Great scientists
Part 1. Warming up
1.
explain
及物动词（
vt.
）
解释
;
说明
;
阐明
[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]
He explained that he had been cheated.
他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can
you explain how the machine
operates?
你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗
?
Please explain this rule to
me.
请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不
及物动词（
vi.
）解释
;
说明
;
辩解
I've got to explain about it.
我得解释一下此事。
2.
characteristic
n.
特征；特性
Kindness is one of his characteristics.
adj.
独特的
I heard my friend’s characteristic
laugh.
be characteristic of
sb./sth.
是
.....
的特
性
Such bluntness is characteristic of
him.
如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black
holes?
put forward
提出（建议等）
；提名
;
提前，把时钟往前拨
He put forward a new plan.
他提出一个新计划。
May I
put your name forward as a possible chairman of
the committee?
我能否提名你当委员会主席？
[
归纳拓展
]
put down
记下；镇压
put
out
关掉；熄灭
put
aside
放在一边；储存；保留
put off
推迟；延期
put up
建造；举起；张贴
put on
穿上
put away
收好
选词填空
（
put off, put up, put
forward, put aside, put out
）
①
The plan that you _____ at
the meeting is wonderful.
②
Many tall buildings were
_____ along the road.
③
Firefighters have been
called to _____ the fire in the city center.
④
He has a little money to
_____ for a rainy day.
⑤
Don’t _____ until tomorrow
what can be done today.
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and
comprehending
1. Do you
know how to prove a new idea in scientific
research
how to
prove a new idea
为“疑问词
+
不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
We
haven’t
decided where to go.
我们还没有决定去哪里。
The question is when to
leave.
问题是什么时候动身。
a conclusion
得出结论
1
）
conclusion
作名词，意为
―
结束，结论
‖
come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion
最后
1
I will in conclusion say a few words
about my visit to
Tokyo.
最后，我对我的东京之行说几句。
2
）
conclude
作动
词，
―
结束；断定；决定
‖
。
to conclude
（作插入语）最后
,
作为总结
(=
to sum up)
To conclude, I think smoking
does more harm than good to us.
3
）
John Snow was a
famous doctor in London
—
so
expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as
her
personal physician.
约翰
·
斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生
——
他的确医术精湛，以至于成了照料维多利亚女
王的私人医生。
①
n.
专家，能手
an expert in
psychology
（心理学）
an agricultural expert
②
adj.
熟练的，有专门技术的
an expert
job
需专门知识的工作
He is
expert in / at cooking.
attend
vt. &vi
参加，注意，照料
①
be present
at
参加
attend a ceremony /
lecture / a meeting
②
attend to (on): to look
after, care for, serve
伺候
,
照顾，看护
The queen
had a good doctor attending
（
on
）
her.
Dr Smith
attended her in hospital.
Mother had to attend to her sick son.
③
attend
to
处理，注意倾听
Can you attend
to the matter immediately?
I may be late
–
I
have got one or two things to attend to.
4. But he became inspired when he
thought about helping ordinary people exposed to
cholera.
但当他一
想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通人
时，他就感到很振奋。
(1) exposed to
cholera
在句中是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。意为
―
患霍乱的
‖
。如：
The book written by Luxun is very
popular.
鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。
The man seen by us yesterday is
Professor Smith.
昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯教授。
(2) expose
①暴露
expose sb/sth
to sth
He
exposes his skin to the sun.
他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。
②揭露
He exposed their plot.
他揭穿了他们的阴谋。
The
crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed
without any reserve.
对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保
留地予以揭发。
exposed
adj.
暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的
exposedness n.
暴露，显露
expose sth. to the light of
day
把某事暴露于光天化日之下
expose a fraud
揭穿骗局
练习：
The disc, digitally _____
in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that
night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded
D. having recorded
5. Neither its cause nor
its cure was understood.
对于它的起因和治疗方法人们都不清楚。
neither...nor..
.
既不
……
也不，连接句中两个相同成
分。
①
I neither
knew nor cared what had happened to
him.
我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。
②
Neither
France
nor
Britain
will
attend
the
meeting
next
week
.
法国和英国都将不会参加下星期的会
议。
③
Neither Jim nor his
parents have seen the film.
＝
Neither his parents nor Jim
has seen the
film.
吉姆和她的父母都没有看过这部电影。
cure
vt.
治疗
,
治愈
,
改正
n.
治疗
,
治愈
,
治疗法
2
①
cure
sb
（
of
sth
）治好了某人（的
...,...)
The only way to
cure backache is to rest.
治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息。
When I left the hospital I
was completely cured.
That
nasty
shock
cured
him
of
his
inquisitiveness
forever.
那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛
病。
This illness cannot be cured easily.
这种病不好治
.
②
a cure
for
sth.
治疗
…
的方法
;
解决问题，改善困
境
Is there a certain cure
for cancer yet?
癌症迄今有无有效的治疗方法
?
The prices are going up every day, but
there is no cure for rising prices.
many thousands of terrified people died every time
there was an outbreak.
人们既不知道它的病因，
也不懂如何治疗。每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。
(1)
本句为复合句，
―So
many thousands of terrified people died‖
为主句，
every time
引导时
间状语从句，
意思是
―
每当
……‖
。
(2)
有些名词短语或副词可以起连词的作用，
引导时间状语从句。
例如：
every
time
，
each
time
，
the last
time
，
next
time
，
the
moment
，
the minute
，
immediately
，
inst
antly
等。
①
Every time/Each time I
express an opinion
，
she
argues back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
②
I found myself in an
entirely new world the moment/the
minute/immediately I arrived here.
我一到这里
就感到耳目一新。
③
The last time I saw
him
，
he was quite
well.
我最后一次看到他时，他还相当健康。
④
Give your father my best
regards next time you see him.
下次你见到你父亲时
，请代我向他致以最好
的问候。
[
拓展延伸
]
(1)for the first
time
是介词短语，常用作时间状语，而
the first
time
是连词，引导时间状语从句。
(2)It is the first time that...
< br>如果前面用
is
，
从句动词用现
在完成时；
如果前面用
was
，
则从句动词用过
去完成时
.
(3)It
’
s (high)
time that...
从句动词用过去时或
should<
/p>
＋动词原形。
It
’
s high time we
took immediate action to prevent pollution.
该到我们立即采取措施阻止污染的时候
了。
first suggested that cholera
multiplied in the air, a cloud of dangerous gas
floated around until it
found its victi
ms.
第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮，直到找到
病
毒的受害人。
suggest
v.
建议；暗示；表明
suggest+doing / sth.
/ that sb. (should) do sth.
May suggested a
picnic at the weekend.
He suggested to us a visit
to the Great Wall.
He suggested us visiting
the Great Wall.
I suggested leaving early
for the airport.
He suggested
that we (should) visit the Great Wall.
She suggested
that her father (should) give up smoking.
*suggest (
暗示，表明<
/p>
)+
从句不用虚拟语气。
The
smile on her face suggested that she agreed with
me.
The look on his face
suggested that he was happy.
8..The
second suggested that people absorbed this disease
into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看
法
是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。
absorb
vt.(1)
专注，聚精会神
3
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