-
六级真题阅读长难句分析
1.
For hundreds of millions of years,
turtles
(
海龟
)
have
struggled out of the sea to lay
their
eggs on
sandy beaches, long before
there were nature
documentaries to
celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine
biologists to track
them, or volunteers
to handcarry the hatchlings
(
幼龟
)
down to
the
water
'
s edge lest they
become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards
a
motel parking lot instead.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
?
turtles have
struggled
?
。
For hundreds of millions of
years
为介词短语作时间状语。
before
?
为时间状语从句,该从句
采
用的
是
there be
结构
,主
语为
or
连
接的三个
名词(
词组):
natural
documentaries
,
GPS
satellites and marine
biologists
和
volunteers
,主语
后的不定式均为主语的后置定语。
lest
“以免
”引导状语从句,采用虚拟语气。
【
译文】
数百万年以来,海龟们都挣扎着从海里爬出来,到沙滩上产卵,那时候
还没有自然纪录片来
记录它们的活动,没有
p>
GPS
卫星和海洋生物学家跟踪它们,
没有志愿者用手把小海龟放到
水边以防它们被桅灯搞得迷失方向
而爬向旅馆的停
车场。
2.
The figures prompted
Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the
level of
protection for the North
Atlantic loggerheads from
“
threatened
”
to
“
endangered
”
—
meaning they are in danger
of disappearing without additional
help.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
The figures prompted Oceana
?
。
to
petition the
government
为不定
式
作
prompted
的状
语
,
to upgrade the
level of protection
?
为
不定式作
petition
的状语。
they are in danger
?
help
作
meaning
的宾语,相当于省略了
引导词
that
的宾语从句。
【译文】这些数字迫使
Oceana
向政府请求将对北大西洋大海龟的保护程度由
“受
到威
胁”提升到“濒临灭绝
”,这意味着如果没有额外的保护,
它们将面临消失的危
险。
3.
But Nature is indifferent to human
notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and
Wildlife Service showed a worrisome
drop in the populations of several species of
North Atlantic sea turtles, notably
loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400
pounds.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句,主架为
Nature is indifferent
?
and
?
a
report
?
showed
?
a
?
drop
?
。
But
表转折。
by the Fish
and Wildlife Service
为介词
短语作
report
的后置定语。
which can
grow to as much as 400 pounds
为非限
制性定
语从句,修饰
loggerheads
。
be
indifferent to
意为“对
?
< br>无动于衷
”。
a drop
in
指“在
?
方面下降
”。
【译文】但是大自
然对人们的平等观念却漠不关心,渔业和野生动物服务组织的
一项报告显
示,北大西洋好几种海龟的数量都在令人担忧地下降,尤其是一种能
够长到
400
磅重的大
海龟。
4.
The narrow strips of
beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are
being
squeezed on one side by
development and on the other by the threat of
rising sea
levels as the oceans warm.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,
主架为
?
beach
?
are being
squeezed
。
on which
?
eggs
为定
语从句,修饰
beach
。
squeezed
后接了两个由
on one
side
?
and on the
other
结构连接
的状语:
by development
和
by the threat
。
of
rising sea levels
为
介词短语作
threat
的后置定语。
as the
oceans warm
为原因状语从句。
【译文】一方面
是人类的开发,另一方面是海平面因海水变暖而上升,使得海龟
们产卵的狭窄沙滩正在缩
小。
5.
It turns out, according
to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of
protecting the
turtles for the weeks
they spend on land
(
as egg-
laying females, as eggs and as
hatchlings
)
, we
have neglected the years they spend in the ocean.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
It
turns out
?
that
?
。
according to
Griffin
为插入语。
that while
?
in the ocean
为宾语从句。
while
在这里为连词,表转
折。
they spend on
land
为省略了引导词的定语从句,修饰的是
the weeks
。括
号内内容进一步解释
they
spend on land
,
as
相当于
“作为
?
”。
they spend in
the ocean
为省略了引导词的定语
从句,修饰
the years
。
【译文】按照
Griffin
的说法,答案是这样:虽然我们对保护海龟们(产卵的母
p>
海龟,龟
卵,小海龟)在岸上度过的几个星期做得很好,但是我们却
忽略了它们
在海里度过的岁月。
6.
Ultimately we must get a
handle on those issues as well, or a creature that
outlived the
dinosaurs
(
恐龙
)
will meet its end at the
hands of humans,
leaving our
descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could
have won so much
affection.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,
主架为
we
must
?
or
?
。
or
表条件。
get a handle on sth.
指“着
手处理某事
”。
that
?
dinosaurs
为定语从句,修饰的是
a
creature
。
leaving
our
?
为现
在分词短语作结果状语。
how a
?
affection
为宾语从句,作
wonder
的宾语。固定短语
meet one
'
s end
指“迎接末日,即死亡
”,
at the hands of
为,
指“出自
?
之手,由
?
完成”。
【译文】最终,我们必须着手处理这些问题,否则,这种比恐龙寿命还要长的生
物将会在人
类手中灭绝,从而给我们的后代留下疑问:为什么这么丑的
生物却能
获得人们如此多的关
爱?
7.
But economists say
families about to go into debt to fund four years
of partying, as well
as studying, can
console themselves with the knowledge that college
is an investment
that, unlike many bank
stocks, should yield huge dividends.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
economists say families
?
can
?
。
about to go into debt
为
families
的后置定语,
to fund
four years
为不定式作目的状语,
of partying, as well
as
studying
为介词短语作后置定语。
that college
?
investment
为同位语从句,作
knowledge
的同位语;
that
?
should yield huge dividends
为定语从句,修饰的是
investment
,在该从句中,
unlike
many bank stocks
为插入语。
【译文】但是,经济学
家说,那些即将要负债来支付四年的聚会和学习费用
的家
庭可以从以下事实得到一些安慰:
上大学是一项投资,与银行股票不同的是,这
项投资将有巨大的红利。
8.
A 2008 study by two Harvard economists
notes that the
“
labor-market
premium to
skill
”—
or the amount
college graduates earned that
'
s greater than
what high-school graduates earned
—
decreased for
much of the 20th century, but
has come
back with a vengeance
(
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
A
2008 study
?
notes
?
。
by two Harvard
economists
作
study
的后置定语,
说明
study
的发起者。
that
引导一个很长的宾
语从
句,作
notes
的宾语。在该宾语从句中,主语为
the
“
labor-market
premium to skill
”,
谓语有两个,由
but
连接,即
decreased
和
has comeb ack
。
for
much of the 20th
century
和
since the 1980s
为时间状语,修饰谓语。两个破折号
中间的内容为插入语,解
释说明
“
labor-market premium to
skill
”。在该插入语
中,
what
引导宾语从句,作
than
的宾语,相当于
the amount
。
【译文】
2008
年哈佛大学的两位经济学者所做的一项研究指出,
“劳动力市场给
技能的
额外收益
”——或者说大学毕业生比高中毕业生挣得多的那部分钱
——
在
<
/p>
20
世纪的大部
分时间都在下降,但是从
20
世纪
80
年代起,开始迅速回升。
报复性地
)
since the 1980s.
(
2009
年
9.
But a look at the strange variations in
tuition reveals that the choice about which
college to attend
doesn
'
t come down merely to
dollars and cents.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
a
look
?
reveals
?
。
that
引导宾语从句,作
reveals
的宾
语。
about which college to attend
为介词短语作
choice
的后置
定语。
which college
to attend
为宾语从句,作
about
的宾语。
come down to
指“取决于
?
”。
【译
文】但是看一下学费的奇怪变化,就可以知道选择去哪所大学不仅仅取决于
金钱了。
10.
No, in this consumerist age, most
buyers aren
investment, but rather as a
consumer product
a house.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
'
t evaluating college as an
—
like a car or
clothes or
【分析】本句为简单句,主架为
buyers aren
'
t
evaluating college
?
as
?
but rather
as
?
。
in
this consumerist age
为时间状语。破折号后的
like
a
?
house
解释说明
consumer
product
。
evaluate sth. as
?
指“将某物评定为
?
”。
【译
文】不,在这个消
费年主义代,大多数买家不是把上大学看作投资,而是看
作消费品
——就像汽车、衣服和
房子一样。
11.
As with automobiles,
consumers in today
'
s
college marketplace have vast
choices,
and people search for the one that gives them the
most comfort and
satisfaction in line
with their budgets.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为
and
连接的并列复合句,
主架为
consumers
?
have vast choices,
and
people search for the one
。
in today
'
s college marketplace
为介词短
语作后置定语。
that
gives
?
satisfaction
为定语从句,修饰的是
the
one
。
in line with
their budgets
为介词短语作状语。
in line
with
指“与
?
一致,按照
?
”。
【译文】与
买汽车
一样,消费者在如今的大学市场有很多选择,人们会按照自己
的预算寻找那些让他们感到最
舒服最满意的。
12.
Since 2001, more
than 1,000 high school and college students in the
U.S. have
participated in the Body
Project, which works by getting girls to
understand how they
have been buying
into the notion that you have to be thin to be
happy or successful.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
?
students
?
have
participated in the Body Project
。
Since 2001
为时间状语。
which
?
successful
为非限制性定语从句,
修饰的是
the Body
Project
。
by
?
understand
为方式状语。
how they
?
notion
为宾语从句,作
understand
的宾语。
that you
?
successful
为同位语从句,解
释的是
notion
。
buy into
指“接受并
受(某种思想、观点等)的影响
”。
【译文】从
2001
年起,在美国已经有超过
1000<
/p>
名
高中和大学生参与了这项
“身体
计划
”,这一计划旨在让女孩们了解她们是如何被灌输那
种
“为了成功和幸福,你
必须瘦
”的思想的。
13.
Such lasting effects may be due to
girls
'
realizing not only
how they were being
influenced but also
who was benefiting from the societal pressure to
be thin.
(
2009
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
?
effects may be
due to
?
。
girls
'
realizing
为动
名词作宾语。
realizing
后接了两个由并列结构
not
only
?
but also
?
连
接的宾语从句,
分别是
howt hey were
being influenced
和
who was benefiting
?
to be thin
。
【译文】这些持续的效果可能是因
为女孩们不仅意识到了她们是如何受到影响的,
还意识到
p>
了谁从这些让大家感到应该瘦身的社会压力中受益。
14.
The company did not have
the money to hire
“
experts
”
, and there was no
established athletic footwear industry
in North America from which to recruit those
knowledgeable in the field.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为
and
连接的并列复合句,主架为
The
company did not have the
money
?
and there
was no
?
industry
。
to hire
“
experts
”为动词不定式作目
的状语。
established
athletic footwear
为
industry
的前置定语。
in North
America
为地点状语。
from which
to recruit those knowledgeable in the field
为“介词
+
which
”引导的定语从句,修饰的是
North America
。
【译文】公司没有钱去雇佣
“专家
”,而且当时在北美也没有既成的运动鞋行业,
无法从这一领域招聘到有才能的
人。
15.
What
'
s more,
demandf or animal products in developing countries
is growing so fast
that meeting it will
require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year
by 2050.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
?
demand
?
is growing so fast that
?
。
What
'
s
more
为插入语。
that
?
by 2050
为结果状语从句,其中
meeting it
为现在分词
短语作主
语。
【译文】此外,发展中国家对动物制品的需求上升很快,要满足这些需求,需要
在
2050
年
之前每年增加
3
亿吨谷粮。
16.
The key will be to
abandon the rather simple and static measures of
sustainability,
which centre on the
need to maintain production without increasing
damage.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,
主架为
The key will
be
?
。
to
abandon
?
sustainability
为不定式
作表语。
which centre on the need
?
damage
为非限制性定语从句,
修饰的是
measures of
sustainability
。
【译文】关键是要摒弃简单的、一成不变的可持续发展的方法,这些方法以满足
生产需要但
又不增加对环境的破坏为中心。
17.
That is a much larger
question than what should happen with undocumented
workers,
or how best to secure the
border, and it is one that affects not only
newcomers but
groups that have been
here for generations.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为
and
连接的并列复合句,主架为
That
is a
?
larger
question
?
and it
is
one
?
。
< br>much
修饰
larger
。
than
后接了两个由
or
连接的宾语从句:
what
should
?
workers
和
how best
?
border
。
that
?
groups
为定语从句,修
饰的是
one
。在该定语
从句中,谓语
affects
后跟两个由并列结构
not only
?
but
?
连接的宾语,分别是
newcomers
和
groups
。
that have
been here for generations
为定语从句,修饰的是
groups
。
【译文】这个问题,比
“对没有合法身份的工人应该采取什么政策
”、“怎样才能保
证边
境安全
”之类的问题要重要得多,
它不但影响到新移民,
也影响到那些在美国
生活了好
几代的族群。
18.
In time, Italians,
Romanians and memberso f other so-called inferior
races became
exemplary Americans and
contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to
detail, to the
building of this
magnificent nation.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句,主架为
Italians, Romanians and members
?
became
?
Americans and contributed
?
to the building
。
of other so-
called inferior races
为介词
短语作后置定语,修饰
members
。
in ways
too numerous to detail
为插入语。
【译文】随着时间的流逝,意大利人、罗马尼亚人以及其他被称作
“劣等民族
”的
人成为
了美国人中的典范,他们以各种各样的方式为建设伟大的美国贡献良多。
19.
But as arguments about
immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also
ought to ask
some broader questions
about assimilation, about how to ensure that
people, once
outsiders, don
'
t forever remain
marginalized within these
shores.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句,主架为
we
?
ought to ask
?
questions
?
。
But
表转折。
as
arguments
?
campaign trail
为时间状语从句。
about
?
, about
?
为介词短
语作后置定
语,修饰
questions
。
how to
ensure
为宾语从句,作
about
的宾语。
that people
?
shores
为宾语从句,作
ensure
的宾语,在该从句中,
once outsiders
为插入语。
【译文】在总统竞选活动中,移民问题又再次升温,
我们应该问些更广泛的有关
“同
化”
的
问题,即如何保证这些过去的局外人不会在这个国度永远处于边缘地位。
20.
Sustainable development
is applied to just about everything from energy to
clean
water and economic growth, and as
a result it has becomed ifficult to question
either
the basic assumptions behind it
or the way the concept is put to use.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句。
本句主干为
development
is applied to everything, and it
has
become difficult to question
?
。
from
?
to
?
意为
<
/p>
“从
?
到
?
p>
”,
from
?
to
?
growth
修饰
everything
。
as a
result
表示结果。
either
?
or
?
意
为“或者
?
或者
?
”,
either
?
or the way
作
question
的宾语。
the concept is put to use
是定语从
句,先行词为
way
,在这里可以不用引导词。
<
/p>
【译文】可持续发展被应用到了从能源到洁净水和经济增长的几乎每个领域。结
果,要想质
问这一概念背后的基本假设或者这一
概念是如何被执行的,就变得很
困难。
21.
This is especially true in agriculture,
where sustainable development is often taken as
the sole measure of progress without a
proper appreciation of historical and cultural
perspectives.
(
2008
年
12
月
)
【分析】
本句为复合句。
主句为
This is
especially true in agriculture
。
where
引
导
的
非
限
定
性
定
语
从
句
sustainable
?
perspectives
修
饰
逗
号
前
面
的
agriculture
。
historical and
cultural perspectives
意为
“从历史和文化的角
度”。
【译文】这一现象在农业领域
更是如此。在农业领域,可持续发展经常被当作进
步的唯一标
准,但人们忽略了从历史和文化的角度去合理地评价。
22.
Although children of
Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of
educational and
professional
attainment, than their parents, UCLAs ociologist
Edward Telles has found
that the gains
don
'
t continue.
【分析】
本句为复杂句。
主句为
UCLAs
ociologist Edward Telles has found that the
gains don
'
t
continue
。
Although
引导让步状语从句。
in
terms of
意为“在
??
方面”,
in terms
?
attainment
在句中作插入语。
that
引导的宾语从句作
find
的宾语。
【译文】尽管墨西哥移民的
孩子在教育和职业造诣方面比他们的父母做得要好,
但加利福
尼
亚大学洛杉矶分校的社会学家爱德华
·泰勒斯却发现,
他们的收入没有
增加。
23.
Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may
be fated to follow in the footsteps of
American blacks
—
that large parts of the community may
become mired
(
陷入
)
in
a seemingly permanent state of
poverty and underachievement.
【分析】本句为复合
句。句子主干为
Telles fears that
?
。
that
引导的宾语从
句作
fears
< br>的宾语。破折号后的
内容对前面的内容进行解释说明,说明美籍墨西
哥人正在步美国黑人的后尘。
【译文】泰勒斯担心,美籍墨西哥人注定要步美国黑人的后尘
——
大部分人都可
能陷入看似永远的贫困和失意。
24.
It is sitting at a
record low against the euro and at a 30-year low
against the Canadian
dollar.
(
2008
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为
It is sitting
?
。
It
指代的是前文中的美
元。
at
?
the Canadian dollar
为介词短语。
against
在这里表示美元与其他外
币的兑换比
率。
【译文】美元对欧元的比率也跌破记录,美元对加拿大元的比率更是跌到近三十
年的最低
点。
25.
Many Europeans may view
the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become
hostile to foreigners.
(
2008
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为
Europeans may view the U.S. as a
superpower
。
view
?
as
意
为“把
?
看做”;第一句中的
that
引导定语从句,先行
词为
arrogant
superpower
。
【译文】
许多欧洲人会认为美国是一个傲慢自大的超级大国,对外国人不友好。
但是,没有
什么比疲软的美元更让他们觉得美国温暖的了。
26.
Wes ee our kids
'
college background as a
prize demonstrating how well
we
'
ve raised
them.
(
2008
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Wes ee our kid
'
s
college background as a prize
。
see
?
as
意为
“把
?
看做
”;
demonstrating
为现在分词作定语修饰
prize
;
how well
we
'
ve raised them
为
demonstrating
的宾语从句。
【译文】我们将孩子的
大学背景看做是对自己辛苦抚养他们的奖励。
27.
Underlying the hysteria
(
歇斯底里
)
is the belief that scarce
elite degrees must be
highly valuable.
(
2008
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Underlying the hysteria is the belief
。
Underlying the
hysteria
为现在分词做主语,
that
引导同位语从句,修饰
belief
。
【译文】支撑这种疯狂
的是这样一种信念:稀有的精英学位必定价值颇高。
28.
I
'
m now applying to graduated
school, which means someday I
(
2007
年
12
月
)
'
ll return to
a
profession where people need to be nice to me in
order to get what they want.
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
I
'
m now applying to graduated
school
。
which
p>
引导非
限制性定语从句,作从句的主语。在定语从句中包含了一个省
略了引导词
that
的宾语从句,
作
means
的宾语。
宾语从句中又嵌套了一个
where
引导的定语
从句,修饰
profession,
where
在从句中作状语。在这个定语从句中又包含一个
what
引导的宾语从句,作
get
的宾
语。
【
译文】目前,我在申请研究生学历,这就意味着有一天我重回职场时,人们会
为了一己之
利而对我献媚。
29.
Like most people, I
'
ve long understood that I
will be judged by my occupation, that my
profession is a gauge people use to see
how smart or talented I am.
(
2007
年
12
月
)
【分析】
本句为并列复合句。
主句为
I
'
ve understood
。主句谓语动词
understood
后有
两个并列的
that
引导的宾语从句。在第二个宾语从句中包含一个省略
that
的定语从句
people use
?
,修饰
gauge
,还包含一个
how
引导的宾语从句。
【译文】像大多数人一
样,长期以来,我一直认为人们会以职业来评判我,
我的
职业才是人们用来评价我的聪明才
智的标准。
30.
According to an International Energy
Agency study, if consumers chose those models
that would save them the most money
over the life of the appliance, they
'
d cut global
residential power consumption
(
and their utility
bills
)
by 43 percent.
(
2007
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
they
'
d cut
?
by 43 percent
。
if
引导条件状
语从句,在
从句中包含了一个
that
引导的定语从句,修饰
models
。这个条件状
语从句为虚拟语气,
表示对现在的假设,从句谓语用过去时态,主句谓语
动词用
would do
。
【译文】
一份国际能源署的研究表明,
如果消费者选择在使用期间能节省电器费
用的家电
型号,他们将节省
43%
的全球居民用电量
(
和电费
)
。
31.
“
Men in my
generation
(
aged
25-40
)
have a fear of
becoming dads because we
have no role
models,
”
says Jon Smith, a
writer.
(
2007
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为
“
Men have a fear of becoming
dads,
”
says Jon
Smith
。在直接引语中有一个
because
引导的原因状语从句。
在宾语从句为直
接引语的
句子里,若全部或部分直接引语位于主句之前则用倒装。
【译文】
“跟我同时代的男性
(
25
岁到
40
岁之间
)
都害怕当爸爸,这是因为我们没
有
学习的榜样,
”作家乔
·史密斯这样说道。
32.
“
Our nation
'
s core bargain with the
middle class is disintegrating,
”
lamented
(
哀
叹
)
the 117th richest man in
America.
(
2007
年
12
月
)
【
分析
】本
句为
复
合
句。
本句
主干为
“
bargain with the middle
class is
disintegrating,
”
lamented the richest man
。直接引语作
lament
的宾语从句。
在宾语
从句为直接引语的句子里,若全部或部分直接引语位于主句之前,常用倒
装。
【译文】
“我们国家与中产阶级讨价还价的核心条件正在瓦解,
”一位在美国富豪
排行榜
排名
117
位的富翁哀叹道。
33.
If you love the social
aspects of your job, but are stuck inside on
office or
“
chained to
your desk
”
most
of the time, vow to follow your instinct and
investigate alternative
careers and
work that allow you more time to interact with
others.
(
2007
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为一个祈使句
vow to
?
,其中包含一个
that
引导
的定语从
句,修饰
work
,
that
在从句中作主语。
If
引导条件状语从句。从句中
包含一个
but
连接
的并列结构。
< br>【译文】如果你喜欢自己的工作具有社会性,然而大部分时间你却被拴在办公
室<
/p>
里或者
“被绑在办公桌上
”,那就发誓按照自己内心的想法行事,去调查一下那些
p>
可
以让你有更多的时间与他人进行交流的行业。
34.
Miller developed a
7-step process to help potential job seekers
assess
their current situation and
beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on
a journey that
allows them to pursue
their passion through work.
(
2007
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为
Miller developed a process to help job
seekers
assess their situation
?
start on a journey
。
that
引导定语从
句修饰
journey
,作从句的主语。主句中
assess, identify, start
都是
help
的
并列补语。
【译文】米勒发明了七个
步骤帮助那些潜在的求职者评估他们目前的处境及信念,
激发
他们
真正的热情,然后踏上能让他们通过工作寻求激情的新征程。
35.
Obviously, there
'
s a difference between
getting rid of possessions and losing them
through a natural disaster without
having a say in the
matter.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。
句子主干为
there
'
s a difference
。
between
?
and
?
引
出并列
结构,
between
为介词,后跟名词、
代词或动名词。
介词
without
表示否
定,后跟名
词、代词或动名词。
p>
【译文】显然,丢弃财产和在毫无征兆的自然灾害中丧失财产是完全不同的。
36.
The Bush
administration seems bent on satisfying the small
but vocal group of
Americans who oppose
stem cell research under any conditions.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句
。主句为
The Bush
administration seems bent on satisfying the
small but vocal group of Americans
。定语从句
who oppose
stem cell research under
any conditions
修饰
Americans
。
【译文】布什政府似乎下定决心要
满足那一小部分大声疾呼在任何条件下都反对
干细胞研究
的美国人。
37.
Fortunately, Grove and
others are more interested in advancing scientific
research that
could benefit the large
number of Americans who suffer from Parkinson
'
s disease,
nerve
injuries, heart diseases and many other problems.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
advancing scientific research
Grove and others are more interested in
。
that
引导定语从句,修饰
research, that
在
定语从句中作主语。
who
引导定语从句,修饰
Americans, who
在从句中作主语。
Parkinson
'
s
disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases
和
many other
problems
是并列成
分,作
suffer from
的宾语。
advancing
是动名词形式,不是形容词。
【译文】幸好,还
有
Grove
和其他一些人致力于推进科学研究,以造福众多深受
帕金森症、神经创伤、心脏
病及许多其他疾病折磨的美国人。
38.
Using this
information, the amygdale
(
扁桃核
)
appraises a situation
—
I
think this charging dog
wants to bite me
—
and triggers a response by
radiating nerve signals throughout the
body.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为
the amygdale appraises a situation and
triggers a
response
。
using this
information
是方式状语,
I think this
charging dog
wants to bite me
解释说明
situation
,是插入成分。
【译文】
运用这些信息,
扁桃核对情况作出估计
——我认为这只迎面跑来的狗要
咬我
—
—然
后启动全身的神经信号,激发反应。
39.
Of the 78 existing stem cell lines
which Bush said are all that science would ever
need,
only one is in this country
(
at the University of
Wisconsin
)
, and only five
are ready
for distribution to
researchers.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为
only one is in this country, and only
five
?
to
researchers
。
which Bush said are all that science
would ever need
是定语从句,修饰
stem cell lines
。
Bush said
是插入语。
that
引导定语从
句,先行词是
all
。
【译文】
布什称现存的
78
项干细胞系已能够满足科研所需,
但这
78
个干细胞系
中只有
一个在美国
(
威斯康星大学
)
,而且只有五个准备分配给研究人员。
40.
Once on the inside of
the government they have both political parties
busily tearing up
all the regulations
that protect the rest
of us
from the greed
of the rich.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为
they have political parties
。
that
引导
定语从句,修饰
regulations
,
that
在从句中作主语。
on the inside
的主语是
they
,所以
省略
they are,
其完整形式是
once they are on the inside
。
【译文】
而一旦进入政府,
他们就让两党赶快撕毁所有保护我们这些人免受富人
贪婪压榨
的规章制度。
41.
“
By and
large, I clearly had not found a way to help
classes full of MBAs see that
there is
more to life than money, power, fame and self-
interest,
”
he wrote at the
time.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
I
clearly had not found a way to help classes
see
?
。
to
help classes full of MBAs
see
是动词不定式短语作后置定语,修
饰
way
。
that there is
more to life than money, power, fame and self-
interest
是
see
的
宾语。
【译文】“总的说来,
我显然还没有找到一种方法,
让那么多班集的
MBA
们明白生
活中
有比金钱、权力、名誉和一己私利更重要的东西,
”他当时这样写道。
42.
That is, as LeDoux says,
“
if you put that system into
a brain that has
”
(
2006
年
12
月
)
consciousness, then you get the feeling
of fear.
【分析】本句为复合句。本句主干为
That is
“
if you
put that system into a brain, you get
the feeling of fear.
”。直接引语是主句的表语。
as
LeDoux says
是方式状语从句。直接
引语中,
if
引导条件状语从句,主句是
you
get the feeling of fear
。
that has
consciousness
是定语从句,修饰
brain
。
【译文】
也就是,正像雷杜克斯说的那样,
“如果你把那个系统放入有意识的大
脑里,你
就会感觉到恐惧。
”
43.
Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have
the ability to call up images of bad things
that happened in the past and to
anticipate future
events.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Human have the ability to call up
images of bad things
?
。
to call up
images
和
to
anticipate future events
是不定式
短语作后置定语,修饰
ability
。
that
happened in the past
是定语从句,修饰
bad
things
。
【译文】
爱德华
·
M
·哈洛韦尔说,人可以回忆起过去发生的不快乐的事情,也能
够预测将
来的事情。
44.
Those would-be
executives had, says Etzioni, little interest in
concepts of ethics and
morality in the
boardroom
—
and
their professor was met with blank stares when he
urged his students to see business in
new and different ways.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句。本句主干为
executives had little interest in
concepts and
their professor was met
with blank stares
。
says
Etzioni
是
插入语。在第二个分句中,
when
引导时间状语从句。
【译文】
伊兹欧尼说,
那些未来将坐在董事会会议室里的管理人员对伦理道德是
没有什么
兴趣的
——
当教授敦促学生要从新的、不同的角度看待商业时,回应他
的却是茫然困惑的
眼神。
45.
From offering classes
that teach students how to legally manipulate
contracts, to
reinforcing the notion of
profit over community interests,
Etzioni has seen a lot that
'
s left him shaking his
head.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Etzioni has seen a lot
?
。第一个
that
引导
定语从句,先行词为
classes
;
how to
?
是
teach
的间接宾语;
from
?
to
?
表
示“从
?
到
?
”,连接两个平行结构。
第二个
that
引导定语从句,
先行词为
a lot
。
【译文】从开
设课程教学生如何合法地操纵合同,到强调
“利润高于公共利益
”的
观念,伊兹欧尼已见
到很多使他摇头兴叹的例子。
46.
This is awkward for universities, which
must spend extra money building separate labs
and keeping rigorous records proving no
federal funds were
involved.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
This is awkward for universities
。
which
引
导非限制性定语从句,修饰
universities, which
在从句中作主语。
building
separate labs
和
keeping rigorous records
是平行结构,作
spend
的宾语(
extra
money
)的补足语。
proving
?
involved
是目的状语。
no federal funds were involved
是省略
that
的宾语从句,作
proving
的宾语。
【译文】
这一情况让各大学很为难,
因为他们不得不另外掏钱修建独立的实验室,
还要保存能证明这些实验室与联邦基金并无关联的严格记录。
47.
Their selfishness is
most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and
outsourcing
(
将
产品包给外公司做
)
because these business
maneuvers don
'
t act to
create new jobs
as the founders of new
industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs
while keeping the
money value of what
those jobs produced for
themselves.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
their selfishness is most shamelessly
expressed in downsizing and outsourcing
。
because
引导原因状语从句。
not
?
but
?
连接两个平行结构,表示
“不是
p>
?
而是”。第一个平行结构中包含了一个
as
引导的方式状
语从句,第二个中
包含了一个
what
引导的宾语从句,作介词
of
的
宾语。
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
【译文】
他们的自私最无耻地表现在裁员和业务外包上,
因为与过去那些新产业
的创立者
p>
们不同,这些商业操纵者不是去创造就业机会,而是削减就业机会,同
时还将这些职位所创
造的价值据为己有。
< br>
48.
The president
himself is constantly leaving Washington and the
business of the nation
because he is
summoned to
“
fundraising
dinners
”
where fat
cats pay a thousand or so dollars a
plate to worm their way into government not
through service but through donations
of vast amounts of
money.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
The president himself is constantly
leaving Washington
and the business of
the nation
。
because
引导原因状语从句。
where
引导定语从句,修
饰
fundraising dinners
,
where
在从句中作地点状语。
not
?
but
?
连接两个平行结构,
意为
“不是
?
而是
?
”。
【译文】
总统自己经常离开华盛顿,
脱身于国家大事,
因为他被邀请参加一次接
一次的
p>
筹款晚宴。在宴会上,那些有钱人为一道菜花费上千美元,目的仅仅是为
了慢慢进入政府,
他们凭借的不是对国家的服务而是大量
捐赠金钱。
49.
The
president
'
s decision a year
ago to allow research on already existing stem
cell
lines was portrayed as a
reasonable compromise between scientists
'
needs for cells
to work with, and concerns that this
kind of research could lead to wholesale creation
and destruction of humane mbryos
(
胚胎
)
, cloned infants and a
general contempt
for human life.
(
2006
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
The president
'
s
decision was portrayed as a
reasonable
compromise
。不定式短语
to allow
?
lines
作后置定语修饰
decision
。
that
this kind of research
?
for human life
是
concerns
的同
位语从句。
between
?
and
?
连接两个平行的结构。
【译文】
一方面,科学家们需要干细胞用于研究;
另一方面,
人们又担心这种研
究可能
导致大规模制造和销毁人体胚胎、克隆婴儿,甚至造成对人类生命的普遍
蔑视,而总统一年
前允许现存的干细胞系研究继续进行的决定被
描绘为这两者之
间一个合理的折衷。
年
50.
Hindered by limits President Bush
placed on stem cell research a year ago,
scientists
are turning to laboratories
that can carry out work without using federal
money.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
scientists are turning to laboratories
。过
去分词短语
Hindered
by
?
作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句
Because they are hindered
by
?
。
President Bush placed on stem cell
research a year ago
是省略关系代词
that
的定语从句,修饰
limits
,
that
在从句中作宾语时可以省
略。
that can carry
out work
without using federal money
是定语从句,修
饰
laboratories
。
【译文】
由于一年前布什总统对干细胞研究设置了种种限制,
科学家们目前正纷
纷转到那
些不依赖联邦资金就可以开展研究的实验室。
51.
After all, a little
healthy worrying is okay if it leads to
constructive action
—
like having
a doctor look at
that weird spot on your
back.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
a
little healthy worrying is okay
。
if
引导
条件状语从句。
like
having a doctor look at that weird spot on your
back
是插入成分,
表示举例说明。
【译文】
毕竟,存在一些对健康状况的担忧还是好的,
如果它能够有所助益的话
——比如<
/p>
让医生检查你背上的那块奇怪的斑。
52.
Though
we
'
ve never had a
catastrophic loss such as that, Gibbs and I did
have a
close call shortly before we
decided to simplify.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Gibbs and I did have a close call
shortly before we
decided to simplify
。
Though
引导让步状语从句。
before
引导时间状语从句。
【译文】
尽管我和吉布斯从未经历过像那样的灾难性的损失,
但在我们决定精简
东西之前确实差一
点就遭意外。
53.
As increasing numbers of
friends
'
children are
prescribed medications
—
stimulants to deal with inattentiveness
at school or anti-depressants to help with the
loss of interest and joy in their lives
role of kids
'
boredom in some of the diagnoses.
(
2006
—
I question the
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
I
question the role of kids
'
boredom in some of the
diagnoses
。
as
引导时间状语从句,意为
“当
??
时候,随着
”。两个破折
号间的
stimulants
和
anti-
depressants
是
medications
的同位语,进一步解释
说明。动词不定式
to deal
和
to help
都作后置定语,分别修饰
stimulants
和
anti-depressants
。
【译文】
我越来越多的朋友的孩子都在接受药物治疗
——用兴奋剂类药品治疗课
堂注意力
不集中,或者用抗抑郁药品帮他们重新找回生活中的乐趣
——
我却很怀
疑病情诊断是如何
定义孩子们的厌倦状态的。
54.
I watch my little daughter
'
s face as she absorbs the
powerful onslaught
(
冲击
)
of arousing visuals and bloody special effects in
movies.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
I
watch my little daughter
'
s
face
。
as
引导
时间状语从句,意为
“当
??
时候”,主句是
I
watch my little daughter
'
s
face
。
【译
文】
据
我观察,当面对电影里那些色情画面和血腥的特效场面产生的巨大冲
击时,我小女
儿的表情总是十分专注。
55.
Then, as we stepped off
the ride, he shrugged and, in a distressingly calm
voice,
remarked that it was not as
exciting as other rides he
'
s been
on.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为
he shrugged and remarked that it was
not as
exciting as other rides he
'
s been on
。第一个
as
引导时间状语从句,意
为“当
??
时候”,
in a
distressingly calm voice
是插入的状语。
that
引导宾
语从句,作
remarked
的宾语。
not as
?
as
意为
“不如,不及
”,引导比较状语从
句,省略从句谓语
were
。
he
'
s been
on
是一个省略
that
的定语从句,
修饰
rides
。
【译文】
然后,当我们从过山车上下来的时候,
儿子耸耸肩,
用平静但有点不爽
的口气
说,这并不比他以前坐过的过山车更刺激。
56.
In the past, the people
of the middle class mostly deemed that they
rich themselves someday or have a good
shot at becoming rich.
(
2006
12
月
)
'
d be
年
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
the people of the middle class mostly
deemed
?
。
they
'
d be rich
themselves someday or have a good shot at becoming
rich
是
that
引导的宾
语从句,作
deemed
的宾语。
【译文】
以前,中产阶级大都认为总有一天他们会自己富起来,
至少他们会努力
去变富。
57.
He hoped his work at the university
would give him insight into how questions of
morality could be applied to places
where self-interest flourished.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句为
He
hoped
?
。
hoped
后面是省略
that
的宾语从句。
从句
中,
how
引导宾语从句,
作
into
的宾语。
where
引导定语从句,
修饰
places
,
where
在该从句中作地点状语。
【译文】
他希望在这所大学的工作能
使他洞察到道德如何在私欲膨胀的地方发挥
作用。
58.
The middle class may also wake up to
forget its loyalty to the so-called free
enterprise
system altogether and the
government which governs only the rest of us while
letting
the corporations do what they
please with our jobs.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为
The middle class may wake up to forget
its loyalty
to the system and the
government
。
loyalty to
有两个宾语
free
enterprise
和
government
。
which
引导定语从句,修饰
government
。
while
引导
让步状
语从句,从句省略主谓结构
it is
。
what they please with our jobs
是
宾语从句,作
do
的宾语。
【译文】
中产阶级也该觉醒了,完全
忘掉对所谓的自由公司体系和对政府的忠诚,
政府只管理我们
这些人,却放任那些公司随心所欲地处理我们的工作。
59.
Yet I have been reflecting more and
more on how the pace of life and the intensity of
stimulation may be contributing to the
rising rates of psychiatric problems among
children and adolescents in our
society.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主
句为
I have been reflecting
。
how
引导宾语从句,
作
on
的宾语。
more and
more
?
意为
“越来越
??
”。
【译文】
我开始越来越多地反思:
我们的生活节奏和所受刺激的强度是如何导致
社会上儿
童和青少年精神问题患病率的增长的。
60.
The landlords lobby
protested that it would involve too much paperwork
over too little
money
—
less than $$10
interest a year on a $$1,000 deposit, at
current
rates.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
The landlords lobby
protested
?
。
that
引导
宾语从句,作
protested
的宾语。
at current
rates
是插入成分。
【译文】
房东游说团反对说,
这将会因为一点小钱而增加太多的文书工作
——
按
照现在
的利率计算,
1000
美元押金每年的利息还不到
10
美元。
61.
The day the report was
released, the U.S. House, in a tie vote, upheld
the government
'
s right to
obtain bookstore and library records under a
provision of the USA Patriot
Act.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
the U.S. House upheld the
government
'
s right to obtain
bookstore and library records
。
The day the report was
released
是时间状语从句。
in a tie vote
为插入成分。
【译文】
报道发表的那一天,
在投票结果不分胜负的情况下,
美国议院赞成政府
按照《美
国爱国者法案》的规定,获得书店和图书馆的记录信息。
62.
Today, school is where
most people come into contact with a formal
instruction and
explanation of science
for the first time, at least in a systematic
way.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
school is where people comei nto
contact with a formal
instruction and
explanation of science
。
where
引导表语从句,放
在系动词
is
后面。
at least in a
systematic way
为插入成分。
【译文】
现在,学校成为许多人首次接受正规教育和科学解释的地方,
至少以比
较系统的
方式。
63.
And because of what
he
'
s seen taught in business
schools, he
'
s not surprised
by the
latest rash of corporate
scandals.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
he
'
s not
surprised by the latest rash of corporate
scandals
。
because of
引出原因状语。
what
引导宾语从句,作介词
of
的宾语。
taught
是后置定语修饰这个宾语从句。
【译文】
因为见过商学院里的教学情况,
所以他对最近一连串的公司丑闻并不感
到吃惊。
64.
As a result, children memorize
processes such as mathematical formulas or the
periodic table, only to forget them
shortly afterwards.
(
2006
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为
children memorize processes
。
such as
表示举例
说明。
“
only to+
动词
”是固定结构,作结果状语,一般位于一个句子中
的第二部分,表
示一系列事情中
“较晚
”发生的。这种不定式经常用来描写出乎意
< br>料的或者是不受欢迎的
事件,有的时候可以省略
only
。
【译文】
结果,孩子们记忆像数学公式或周期表这样的程序,
过后不久就忘掉了。
65.
It is, more
important, an educational campaign to highlight
the contemporary reality of
“
racial deficits
(
赤字
)
”
of all kinds, the unequal
conditions that impact blacks
regardless of class.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句为
It is an
educational campaign
。
more
important
是插入
成分。
to highlight
?
of all kinds
是不定式短语作后置定语,修饰
campaign
。
the
unequal conditions
是
reality
的同位语。
that
引导的定语从
句修饰
conditions
。
【译文】更重要的是要开展教育运
动,使人们重视当代出现的各种
“种族赤字
”,
也就是
要重视影响各阶层黑人的不平等条件。
66.
This group will still include middle-
income seniors on Medicare, who
'
ll
have to dig
deeply into their pockets before getting muchf rom
the new drug benefit
that starts in
2006.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为
This group will still include
?
。
who
引导定语从句,
先行词为
middle-income seniors on Medicare
;第二个定语从
句是
that starts in
2006
,其先行词是
the
new drug benefit
。
【译文】这个群体也包括
那些中等收入的依赖美国医疗保障制度的老年人,在从
p>
2006
年实施的新药品福利中受益之<
/p>
前,他们也不得不大大支出一笔费用。
67.
WhenJ onathan Freedman,
a social psychologist at the University of
Toronto, reviewed
the literature, he
found only 200 or so studies of television-
watching and
aggression.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【
分
析
】
本
句
为
复
合
句
。
主
句
为
he found only 200 or so studies of
television-watching and aggression
。
a social
psychologist at the University of
Toronto
是
Jonathan Freedman
的同位语。
when
引导时间状语从
句。
【译文】
加拿大多伦多大学的社会心理学教授乔纳森
·弗里德曼仔细审阅了这些
文献资料
后发现,只有大约
200
份研究涉及看电视与攻击行为。
68.
The intent of the new
Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to
collect and
standardize studies of
media violence in order to compare their
methodologies,
assumptions and
conclusions is an important step in the right
direction.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为
The intent is an important step
。
to collect and
standardize
是动词不定式作定语,修饰
intent
。
【译文】
新建立的哈佛大学媒体与儿
童健康中心意图收集并以统一标准衡量媒体
暴力,以
便能够比较它们背后的方法论、假设及结论,这是在正确的研究方向上
迈出的重要一步。
69.
Skeptics were dismayed several years
ago when a group of societies including the
American Medical Association tried to
end the debate by issuing a joint
statement:
“
At
this time, well over 1,000 studies point
overwhelmingly to causal connection
between media violence and aggressive
behavior in some children.
”
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
Skeptics were dismayed several years
ago
。
when
引导时间状语从句。直接引语部分是同位语,具体说明
statement
的内容。
【译
文】
几
年前,包括美国医学会在内的几家团体试图通过发表联合声明来终止
这种争论,声
明中说:
“到目前为止,已有
1,000
多项研究以压倒性优势指出了媒
体暴
力与一些儿童的
攻击行为之间存在因果关系。
”这令怀疑论者们很是沮丧。
70.
The First
Reconstruction
(
1865-1877
)
ended slavery and briefly
gave black men
voting rights, but gave
no meaningful compensation for two centuries of
unpaid labor.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为
The First Reconstruction ended slavery
and gave
black men rights, but gave no
compensation
。三个谓语动词,即
ended
、
gave
和
gave
,分别由
and
和
but
连接。
【译文】
第一次重构
(
1865
—
1877
)
结束了奴隶制并很快赋予了黑人男性选举权,
p>
但是
却没有对两个世纪以来的无偿劳动给
予有意义的补偿。
71.
And
educators are trying to get the message to parents
that they should be on the alert
for
the first signs of potential problems.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
educators are trying to get the message
to parents
?
。
that
引导同位语从句,具体说明
message
的内容。
to parents
分隔
了中心词和同位语。
【译文】
而且教育家们正试图让家长
明白他们应该警惕潜在问题的最初征兆。
72.
Buoyed
(
支持
)
by laws and court decisions, more and more older
Americans are
declining the retirement
dinner in favor of staying on the job
—
thereby
lessening
employment and promotion
opportunities for younger workers.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分
析】本句为简单句。
句子主干为
more and
more Americans are declining the retirement
dinner
。过去分词
Buoyed
作原因状语,它的逻辑主语是
older Americans
,
old
Americans
与
buoy
所表达的关系是被动承受。现在分词短语
lessening
?
作结果状语。
【译文】
在法律和法庭判决的支持下,
越来越多的美国老年人正在拒绝退休而宁
愿选择继
续工作
——
因此减少了年轻人的就业和升职机会。
73.
Practically unheard of a
generation ago, the discounts have become a
routine part of many businesses
—
as commona s
color televisions in model rooms
and
free coffee on airliners.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为
the discounts have become a part of
businesses
。
过去分词短语
unheard of a generation ago
作状语,它的逻辑主
语是
the discounts
。破折号后的内容是插入成分。
as
?
as
结构表示同级比较,
意为“和
?
一样”。
【译文】
实际上,
人们在二三十年前还没听说过折扣,
但现在折扣已经成为许多
行业的
惯常行为了
——
就像样板间里的彩电和飞机上的免费咖啡一样普通。
74.
Senior citizen discounts
only enhance the myth that older people
can
'
t take care of
themselves and need special treatment;
and they threaten the creation of a new myth,
that the elderly are ungrateful and
taking for themselves at the expense of children
and
other age groups.
(
2006
年
6
月
)
【分析】
本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为
Senior
citizen discounts enhance the myth
and
they threaten the creation of a new myth
。句中的两个
myth
后面
都是
that
引导的同位语从句,解释说明两种观念的内容。
【译文】
老年人折扣只是加强了这样一种观念,
即认为老年人不能照顾自己而需
要特
殊对
待;它们也预示了一种新观念的形成,即老年人实际上并不感谢这种特
殊对待,并且让孩子
和其他年龄群的人负担自己。
75.
When I think
about all the problems of our overpopulated world
and look at our boy
grabbing at the
lamp by the sofa, I wish I could have turned to
Planned
Grandparenthood when my parents
were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.
(
2005
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
I
wish I could
?
squeeze on me
。
句首
When
引导时间状语从句。
I wish
后面是省略
that
的宾语从句,其中又包含由
when
引
导的时间状语从句。
wish
后的宾语从句表示与过去事实情况相反的愿望,
因此使
用了
虚拟语气。
【译文】
当我想到有关世界人口过剩的所有问题,
看着我们的儿子抓起沙发旁的
台灯时
,
就在想如果那时在父母逼着我生孩子的时候,
自己能够求助于
“有计划地
成为祖父母
”
这一组织就好了。
76.
At the same time, the
politicians demand of scientists that they tailor
their research to
“
economic needs
”
, that they award a higher
priority to
research proposals that are
“
near the market
”
and can be translated into
the greatest return on investment in
the shortest time.
(
2005
年
12
月
)
【分析】本句为复合句。主句为
the politicians demand of scientists
?
。句
中前两个
that
引导的宾语从句都作
demand<
/p>
的宾语,从句中用了虚拟语气,谓语
构成为
(
s
hould+
)
原形动词。最后一个
that
引导定语从句,修饰
proposals
。定
语从句中,
are
和
can be
translated
是并列谓语。
注意
demand+of+sb.+that
从
句的结构。
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