-
综合英语（一）上
Lesson One
The
Time Message
Elwood N. Chapman
Learning Guide
<
/p>
新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出
了
7
点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。
1
Time is tricky. It is difficult to
control and easy to waste. When you look ahead,
you think you have more time than you need.
For example, at the beginning of a
semester, you may feel that you have plenty of
time on your hands. But toward the end of the
term you may suddenly find that time is
running out. You don't have enough time to cover
all your duties, so you get worried.
What is the answer
？
Control
！
时间很难对付，既难控制又易浪费。当你向前看时，觉得有用
不完的时间。比如说，学期伊始，你可能会觉得有大量的时间，
可到期末时，突然发现时
间就要用完了，已没有足够的时间去做应做的一切了，于是，你就很担心。解决问题的方法是什么？那就
是控制！
2
Time is
dangerous. If you don't control it, it will
control you. If you don't make it work for you, it
will work against you. So you
must
become the master of time, not its servant. As a
first-year college student, time management will
be your number one
problem.
时间很危险。如果你控制不住它，它就要控制你；如果你不能
让它服务于你，它便与你作对。因此，你必须成为时间的主人，
而不是奴隶。作为刚入校
的大学生，妥善安排时间是头等大事。
you seriously wish to get
the most out of college, you must put the time
message into practice.
3
Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad
habit. It is like a drug. The more time you
waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time.
If
时间很宝贵，
浪费时间是一种坏习惯，
这就像毒品。
你越浪费时间，
就越容易浪费下去。
如果你确实想充分利用上大学的机会，
你就会应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。
Message 1.
Control time from the beginning.
4
Time is today,
not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the
beginning of the term.
要旨一，从一开始就控制好时间。
抓住时间就是抓住今天，而不是把事情推倒明天或下周，学期
伊始便开始实施你的
计划。
Message 2. Get the notebook habit.
5
Go and buy a
notebook today. Use it to plan your study time
each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared,
follow the same
pattern every week with
small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the
plan for the following week.
要旨二，养成用笔记本的习惯。
今天就去买一本笔记本，用它计划
每天的时间。一旦一周的学习计划定下来，每周都按同一个模式去做或稍加改动。周日是制
定下周计划的好时间。
Message 3. Be realistic.
6
Often you know
from experience how long it takes you to write a
short essay, to study for a quiz, or to review for
a final exam.
When you plan time for
these things, be realistic. Allow for unexpected
things. Otherwise your entire plan may be upset.
要旨三，要现实。
由经验可知道写一篇文章要花多少时间，做一个测试或为期末
考试复习需要多长时间。为此制定计划时，要现实些，要留有余
地，以防预料之外的事情
发生，否则你的整个计划有可能被打乱。
Message 4. Plan
at least one hour for each hour in class.
7
How much study
time you plan for each classroom hour depends on
four things: (1) your ability, (2) the difficulty
of the class,
(3) the grades you hope
to achieve, and (4) how well you use your study
time. One thing, however, is certain: you should
plan at
least one hour of study for
each classroom hour. In many cases, two or three
hours will be required.
要旨四，至少要在课下为每一课时准备一小时。
你为每节课安排多少学习时间，取决于四个因素：⑴你的能力，
⑵课的难易程度，⑶你希望达到的水平，⑷你学习的效率。
不过
，有一点是肯定的：你应该为每课时至少在课下计划学习一小时。在很多情况下，可能需要两三个小时。
Message
5. Keep your plan flexible.
8
It is important
that you re-plan your time on a weekly basis so
that you can make certain changes when necessary.
For
special projects can be done well.
example, before mid-term or final
exams, you will want to give more time to
reviewing. A good plan must be a little flexible
so that
要旨五，让计划有适度的灵活性。
每周重新安排时间很重要，这样才能在必要时进行调整。例如
，在期中或期末考试前，你想花更多的时间复习，一个好的计划
必须较灵活，以便于其他
活动也能做好。
Message 6. Study for some
time each class day.
9
Some solid work each day is better than
many study hours one day and nothing the next.
When you work out your schedule,
try to
include at least two study hours each day. This
will not only keep the study habit alive but also
keep you up to date on your
class
assignments.
要旨六，有课的日子每天都要抽出时间学习。
每天都踏踏实实地学习一会儿，比
一天学习很长时间，第二天什么也不学要好。作计划时，每天至少要计划学习两小时。这样
不仅能保持良好的学习习惯，而且还能帮你跟上课堂进度。
Message 7. Free
on Saturday -- study on Sunday.
10
It is good to
stop all study activities for one full day. Many
students choose Saturdayfor sports or social
activities. Sunday, on
the other hand,
seems to be the best study dayfor many students.
It is a good day to catch up on back reading and
other
assignments.
要旨七，周六休息
――
周日学习。
最好能有一整天停止学习。很多学生选择周六进行体育活动或
社会活动，那么，周日便成了很多学生学习的好时间。周日用来
补上拖欠的阅读任务和其
他作业的好时机。
Lesson Two
Hans Christian Andersen's Own Fairy
Tale (I)
Donald and Louise
Peattie
Learning
Guide
领域一定会成功。闻名遐尔的丹麦作家安徒生的故
事
——
这只从鸭圈里飞出来的天鹅本身的经历可能会对你有所启
发。
也许你不是出生于名门望族或书香
门第，也许你生来并不聪慧，但只要你刻苦努力、坚持不懈、发挥自己的专长，在适合你的
1
Once upon a time there
was a poor boy who lived in father, a shoemaker,
had died, and his mother had
married
again.
<
/p>
很久很久以前，在丹麦住着一个穷孩子，他父亲是个鞋匠。父亲去世后，母亲就改嫁了。<
/p>
2
One
day the boy went to ask a favor of the
Prince of the Prince asked him what he wanted,
the boy said, “I
want to
write plays in poetry and to act at the
Royal Theater.” The Prince
looked at
the boy, at his big hands and feet, at his big
nose and large
serious eyes,
and gave a sensible answer. “It is one thing to
act in plays, another to write
them. I
tell you this for
your own good; learn
a useful trade like shoemaking.”
一天，
这个男孩请求丹麦王子帮帮他。
丹麦王子问他想要什么，
男孩说
：
“
我想写诗体剧本并且在皇家剧院上演。
”
王子看看他，
看看他的大手大脚和大鼻子，还
有孩子认真严肃的眼睛，给了他一个明智的回答：
“
演戏是一回事，写剧本又是另一回事。为了你
好，我告诉你
，去学一门有用的手艺，比如做鞋。
”
3
So the boy, who was not sensible at
all, went home. There he took what little money he
had, said good-bye to his mother and
all
over Denmark.
his stepfather and
started out to seek his fortune. He was sure that
some day the name Hans Christian Andersen would be
known
然后，这个毫不明智的
孩子回到了家，从家里拿了点儿钱，告别了母亲和继父，出去闯世界了。他相信将来有一天，他的名字
安徒生会闻名丹麦的。
4
To
believe such a story one would have to believe in
fairy tales! Hans Christian knew many such tales.
He had heard some of
aloud fromThe
Arabian Nights. His wife understood very little of
the book, but the boy, pretending to sleep,
understood every
word.
他更喜欢读
书。晚上，他总是大声朗读《一千零一夜》，他的妻子几乎听不懂，而假装睡觉的汉斯却一字不落。
told as
they worked at their weaving. In those days, there
were almost as many tales in Denmark as there were
people to tell
them.
them
from his father, who had worked hard at his trade,
but liked to read better than to make shoes. In
the evenings, he had read
<
/p>
安徒生的故事像童话里的故事一样不现实。汉斯知道很多童话故事。他从父亲那里听说过一
些故事。父亲做鞋非常辛苦，不过
5
By day, Hans Christian went to a house
where old women worked as weavers. There he
listened to the tales that the women
白天，汉斯常去一间编织作坊，有一些老太太在那儿织布，听
她们边织边讲故事，那时，丹麦的童话多得就像讲故事的丹麦人
一样。
< br>
6
Among the tales
told in the town of Odense, where Andersen was
born in 1805, was one about a fairy who brought
death to
those who danced with her. To
this tale, Hans Christian later added a story from
his own life.
安
徒生
1805
年生于奥得斯镇。那儿流传的故事中，有一个关于
小精灵把死亡带给与她跳舞的人的故事，汉斯后来把自己生活
中的一段经历加进了这个故
事。
7
Once, when his
father was still alive, a young lady ordered a
pair of red shoes. When she refused to pay for
them,
unhappiness filled the poor
shoemaker's house. From that small tragedy and the
story of the dancing fairy, the shoemaker's son
everyday life into the wonder of his
fairy tales.
years later wrote the
story that millions of people now know as The Red
Shoes. The genius of Andersen is that he put so
much of
他父亲在世时，一
位年轻女士订购了一双红鞋，当她拒付鞋钱时，可怜的鞋匠一家笼罩在不幸之中。多年以后，这个鞋匠的儿
子把那个小悲剧和跳舞的小精灵写成了一个众人皆知的故事《红舞鞋》。安徒生的天才就在于他
把那么多的日常生活溶进他那些奇
妙的童话中。
8
When Hans Christian's mother was a
little girl, she was sent out on the streets to
beg. She did not want to beg, so she sat
out
Years later, her son, in his pity
for her and his anger at the world, wrote the
angry story She's No Good and the famous tale The
Little Match Girl.
安徒生的母亲在小的时候，曾被迫到街上去乞讨，她不愿意乞
讨，就躲开人们，坐在城市里的
一座桥下。由于没有鞋穿，她
of sight under
one of the city bridges. She warmed her cold feet
in her hands, for she had no shoes. She was afraid
to go home.
用双手去暖冰凉的脚，不敢回家。多年以后，他的儿子，怀着
对她的同情和对那个世界的愤怒，写出了童话《她是个废物》和著名
的《卖火柴的小女孩
》。
9
Through his
genius, he changed every early experience, even
his father's death, into a fairy tale. One cold
day the boy had
stood looking at the
white patterns formed on the window by the frost.
His father showed him a white, 'woman-like figure
among
the frost
patterns.
“That is the Snow Queen,” said the shoemaker.
“Soon she will be coming for me.”A few months
later he was
dead. And years later,
Andersen turned that sad experience into a fairy
tale, The Snow Queen.
他用自己的天才把早期的经历，甚至父亲的去世都写成了童话。一个寒冷的日子，他一直站在那
儿看着霜在窗户上形成的白
多年以后，安徒生把这段伤心的经历写成了一篇童话《白雪公
主》。
10
After the
Prince told him to learn a trade, Hans Christian
went to Copenhagen. He was just fourteen years old
at the time.
在王
子叫他去学门手艺后，汉斯去了哥本哈根，当时他只有
14
岁。
色图案，他的父亲让他看其中一个白色
的人形状的图案，
“
这是白雪王后，
”
鞋匠说，
“
很快她就会来找我。
”
几个月后，父亲去世了。
11
When he arrived in the city, he
went to see as many important people as he could
find
—
dancers, writers and
theater people
just seven pennies left.
of Copenhagen. But none of them lent a
helping hand to the boy with the big hands, the
big feet and the big nose. Finally, he had
安徒生到那儿后，
去找了他能见到的所有重要人物
——
哥本哈根的舞蹈演
员，
作家和剧院的人员没有一个肯帮这个大手大脚大
鼻子的男孩
儿一把，最后，他只剩下七便士。
money from his friends and gave it to
the boy so that he could buy food and clothing
while he studied singing.
12
The boy had a beautiful high, clear
voice. One day a music teacher heard him singing
and decided to help him. He collected
安徒生有一副高亢嘹亮的歌喉。一天，一位音乐老师听了他唱
歌，决定帮他一把。他从朋友那儿凑了些钱给了安徒生，让他在
学唱歌期间买些衣物和食
品。
13
Hans Christian
was happier than he had ever been in his life. But
soon his boy's voice broke. The beautiful high
voice was
gone forever.
当时，汉斯过的比以前任何时候都幸福，但由于变声，永远失
去了那副高亢的歌喉。
to time for food and clothes. But Hans
Christian bought little food and no clothes.
Instead, he bought books and went to the
theater.
14
The boy soon found new friends who
admired his genius. There was even a princess who
gave him a little money from time
安徒生很快就找到了羡慕他的天才的新朋友，其中甚至还有一
位公主，时不时地给他点儿钱让他买食品和衣物，但汉斯只买很
少的食物，从不买衣服，
而是把钱花在了买书和看戏上。
Lesson Three
Hans Christian Andersen's Own Fairy
Tale (
Ⅱ
)
Donald
and Louise Peattie
Learning Guide
这只鸭圈里飞出的天鹅所讲的故事老少皆宜，虽然故事使用的
是孩子们能听懂的语言、孩子们喜闻乐见的情节，但却又包含生
前嫌。他把爱献给上帝，
献给人类。
fact that
he could not see right under his own nose. The
plays and poetry that he wrote were not very good.
活真谛、寓意深长。功成名就的
“
丑小
鸭
”
一如既往，保持着他那平常、善
良的心态，对权贵不卑不亢，对以往没有善待他的人不计
1
In Copenhagen, Hans Christian lived in
an attic in an old house, where he had a good view
of the city. But there was one big
在哥本哈根，汉斯住在一座旧房子的阁楼上，从那里他可以看
到城市的全貌。但在眼前的一个明显的事实他却没看见
——
他自
己写的剧本和诗歌都不太好。
2
Hans Christian made friends with a few
kind people. Among them was Jonas Collin of the
Royal Theater. This kind man
collected
funds from friends to send the young writer to
school. Hans felt most at ease with children. He
ate his dinner in turn at
the homes of
six friends. In each home the children begged him
for stories.
汉斯
·
安徒生结交了几个善良的朋友。其中有皇家剧院的乔纳斯
?
科林。这位好心人从朋友凑钱供汉斯上学。和孩子们在一起时
汉斯感到最轻松，最惬意。他轮流在六个朋友家吃饭，每家的孩子都求他讲故事。
most
wonderful papercuts. These are kept today in the
Andersen Museum, which is in the house where he
was born in Odense.
3
Hans told a tale so vividly that you
could see and hear toy soldiers marching and toy
horses galloping. And he could make the
汉斯的故事讲得极其生动，使人仿佛能看到和听到玩具士兵们
在列队行进，玩具马在飞奔。他的剪纸也非常棒，至今，那些剪
纸还保留在欧登塞，他出
生时的那座房子里，即现在的安徒生博物馆。
4
Andersen remained single all his life.
The good Collin family
—
three generations of
them
—
became all the family
he was ever
talked as he later made the
animals talk
in his stories:
should learn to lay eggs like
me.
” In The Ugly Duckling Hans
Christiantold the story of his own
life.
to have. They all
loved him, but they advised him not to write any
more poetry and plays, and to try to get a
government job. They
安徒生一直独身，善良的科林一家
—
—
前后共三代人
——
是汉斯一生中唯有
的亲人，他们都喜欢他，但建议他不要再写剧本
小鸭说，
“
你应该学会像我一样下蛋。
”
在《丑小鸭》
中，汉斯讲述了他
自己的故事。
5
When his first book of fairy tales was
published in 1835, Andersen didn't think it would
be successful, but children read the
book of Andersen's fairy tales came out
each Christmas. The books were full of everyday
truth, of wonder, of sad beauty, of
humor. Children and their parents had
never read such tales before.
和诗歌，而是尽力在政府部门找份工作。
后来，他在故事中把他们所说的话通过动物说了出来：
“
我
告诉你，为了你好，
”
母鸡对丑
sto
ries and wanted more. So, encouraged by their
interest, he began what we know today as his great
work. For 37 years, a new
1835
年，当他的第一本童话出版时，安徒生认为他不会成功
，但孩子们读了这些故事后，想要读更多这样的童话。孩子们的
兴趣鼓励了他，他开始了
我们现在
知道的伟大创作。
37
年来，每个圣诞节，安徒生都出版一本新童话集，书里处处体现了生活真
谛，生命的奇迹，给人以带着忧伤的美感，充满了幽默，孩子们和他
们的父母从未读过这样的童话。
6
Andersen's tales are a poet's way of
telling us the truth about ourselves. He looked
deeply into the heart of things. Even in a
Clothes, but we remember the story
every time men pretend to be something that they
are not.
child's toy lost in the
street, he could see some story with the light of
gold in it. All of us laugh at the humor of The
Emperor's New
安
徒生的童话以诗人的方式向我们展示了人类自己的真实面貌。他深入探索事物的本质，即使是丢弃在马路上的小玩
具，他也
能从中发现具有金子般闪光点的故事素材。
《皇帝的新
装》里的滑稽场面使我们哈哈大笑。每当我们看到有人装模做样，我们就自
然而然地想起
了这个故事。
7
Although he was
now famous, he was more kind-hearted than ever.
One day on the street he met a man who had once
treated him badly. The old and unhappy
man said that he was sorry for what he had done.
Andersen forgave the man and
comforted
him. The Prince who had told Andersen to learn a
useful trade was now the King. He invited the
writer to his palace
and told him that
he might ask for any favor. Andersen replied
simply,
虽然他出名了，
可是他比以前更善良了。一天，他在街上遇到了一个曾虐待过他的人，这位伤心的老人说他懊悔过去所做的
一切，安徒生原谅了他并安慰他。那位
曾叫
安徒生去学一门手艺的王子此时已是国王了。他邀请安徒生进宫，说他可以要求任何
恩惠
，安徒生直率地说：
“
可我什么都不需要。
”
8
He was already
loved all over the world. The awkward figure and
kind ugly face had become so famous that his
friends, the
children, recognized him
wherever he was. His books were translated into
many different languages and read all over the
world.
He was received at the royal
courts of Europe and admired by many kings.
他得到了全世界的爱，他那笨拙的
体型，他那张慈祥但是难看的脸已经深深印在他的朋友和孩子们的脑海里，不管他在哪里，
孩子们一下子就能把他认出来。他的书被译成了许多种语言，全世界的人都能读到他的故事，他受到欧洲各宫廷
的款待，得到许多
君主的青睐。
learned happily that
和安徒生同时代最伟大的作家，从
狄更斯到雨果，都把他看成是他们队伍中的一员，在他们中间，他终于高兴地得知
“
即使你
出生在鸭圈里也无所谓，只要你是一只天鹅
< br>”
。
10
Happiest of all was the day he returned
to the
9
The
greatest writers of the day, from Dickens to
Victor Hugo, looked upon him as one of themselves.
Among them, he at last
great
celebration for the shoemaker's son who was now
the prince of fairy tales. A great dinner was held
in his honor. That night,
for so
long
—
was best expressed in
his own words:
hundreds of people came
to his window and called to was then in his full
heart
—
that gentle heart
that had been lonely
离别了近
50
年之后回到他
“
鸭圈
”
的那天是他一生中最高兴的一
天，所有的欧登塞人都参加了为这个鞋匠的儿子
——
而今的童话
王子举行的庆祝会，人们为他举行了盛大宴会。当夜，几百个乡亲在他窗下呼喊着他的名
字。
“
感谢上帝，感谢大家，
”“
热爱上帝，
热爱大家
”
。
他自己的这句话最准确地表达了那一时刻他内心的激情
。这激情发自于他那颗善良的心
——
一颗孤独了很久得不到理<
/p>
解的心。
Lesson Four
This Life
Sidney
Poitier
Learning
Guide
看过《猜一猜谁来吃晚饭》或《在炎热的夏夜里》的人一定会
对美国著名黑人演员悉尼
·
波蒂埃的演技赞叹不已。可是你是否
知
道他在试图进入演艺圈时，曾被
导
演轰下舞台，因为他连台词都不会念
——
不认识的字太多。他又
是怎样迈开第一步的呢？且听
他娓娓道来。
1
It
is the first time I have ever been on a
stage
—
I don't even know what
a stage looks like
—
but I'm
up there now and I open this
under that.
什么，导演叫我读
“
约翰
”
的台词，只要看到
“
约翰
”
这个名字，我就把他下面的句子念出来。
2
Then I see him sitting in a front seat
staring at me with the strangest look. He says,
mean?
read.
me to read the part of “John.” Everywhere I see
这是我第一次登上舞台
——
以前我根本不知道舞台是什么样子
——
不过现在我就站在舞台上，打开了
“
剧本
”
，可我不知道这是
当时我看见导演坐在前排，用一种极其惊异的目光盯着我。他
说：
“
从台上下来吧。
”
我说：
“
你是什么意思？
”
他说，
“
从台上下
来，别再浪费我的时间了。你根本不会演戏。你甚至连读都不会。
”
3
I leave and
walk off down 135th Street saying to myself,
to be eighty, for the next sixty-two
years I'm going to be a dishwasher. I'm not going
to be able to make people notice me.
我离开那儿，沿着
135
号大街，一边走一边对自己说：
“
你几乎都不会读
，你当不成演员，你不会读。
”
我开始思考他说的话，
我知道我读的不好，我，今年
18
岁，如果能活
到
80
岁的话，那余下的
62
年我只能作个洗碗工，我不能引起别人关注。
4
During the next six months, I spent as
much time as possible reading. One of the
restaurants I worked in during that period
was in Astoria, Long Island. The work
was hard and heavy, but we would have most of the
dishes cleared away by 11:00 or 11:
15
p.m. It was my custom to sit out near the kitchen
door and read the newspaper.
上
11
点或
11
：
< br>15
分之前洗完所有的碗碟。我有个习惯，就是坐在厨房门外看报纸。
a word
meant, and he told me. I thanked him and went back
to my went on watching me for a few seconds and
then
said, “Do you run across a lot of
words you don't
understand?”
I said,
because I'm just beginning to
learn to read
well,
read.
接下来的六个月里，我尽可能地多花时间去读书。当时我在长
岛的亚斯托利亚的一个餐馆打工，工作很苦很累，我们总是在晚
5
At the waiters' table there was an
old Jewish man who used to watch me trying to read
that paper.I asked him one night what
在服务员中，有一位犹太老人，他常常看着我费劲地读报纸。
一天晚上我问他一个词什么意思，他告诉了我。道了谢后又继续
读报，他看了我几秒后，
问道：
你碰到许多不懂的词吗？
我说：
很多，因为我才开始学读书。
他说：
我坐在这儿和你
一起读一
会儿吧。
6
So at about eleven every night when he
sat down for his meal, I would come out of the
kitchen and sit down next to him and
read articles from the front page of
the paper. When I ran into a word I didn't know
(and I didn't know half of the article, because
Then he' d send me back to the sentence
so I could understand the word in context.
此后，每天晚上大约
11
点，他坐下来吃饭时，我就从厨房里出来，挨着他坐下，从报纸的头版
开始读，我遇到不认识的词时
any word longer than a
couple of syllables gave me trouble) be explained
the meaning of the word and gave me the pronunciat
ion
（文章中有一半的词我都不认识，因为凡是遇到几个音节的词，我就念不出来。）
他就给我解释词义，告诉我单词的发音，然后，
再让我回到那个句子中，让我根据上下文
掌握这个词的意思。
that the meaning of those words would
get locked into my memory. Every evening we did
that.
7
Then I
would take the paper away with me, armed now with
the meaning of those words, and reread and reread
the article so
然
后，我就把报纸带走。有了对这些词的理解，我就一遍又一遍地读那篇文章，这样那些词义就会牢牢地记在脑子里
了。我们
每天晚上都这样做。
8
I
stayed there at that job for about five or six
weeks and I learned from him a way to study, and
then I went off to other jobs. I
He was
wonderful, and a little bit of him is in
everything I do.
没有意识到他对我一生会起到这么大的作用，他很
了不起，在我所有的事情中都多多少少有他的影响。
9
After that, I always looked for the
meaning of words, and when I ran into words I
couldn't pronounce and didn't understand, I
would work on them until I began to
understand. I would keep going over and over the
sentence they were in, and after a while I
he left me with.
have never
been able to thank him properly because I never
knew then what an enormous contribution he was
making to my life.
我在那家餐馆干了约五、六周，从那里学会了学习的方法。后来我去干了别的工作，我一直未能很好地感
谢他，因为当时根本
would begin to get an idea of
what the word meant just by repeating the
sentence. That became a habit, as did all the
other things
自那以
后，我总是查找词义，每当我遇到不会读的词、不理解的词，我总是动脑筋、想办法，直到弄懂为止。我总是一遍
又一
遍
地读那个词所在的句子，
不断地重复那个句子，
直到理解那个词
的意思。
这成了一种习惯，
正如他教给我做的每件事都成了习惯
。
Lesson Five
Night Watch
Roy
Popkin
Learning
Guide
海军陆战队队员的行为恰好说明关心他人之人大有
人在。请看他是怎样做的。
市场经济的潮水极大地冲击着人与人之间的关系。人们似乎认
为亲情薄如蝉翼，陌生人之间还能有什么爱心与关怀。可是一位
1
The story began
on a downtown Brooklyn street corner. An elderly
man had collapsed while crossing the street, and
an
ambulance rushed him to Kings County
Hospital. There, when he came to now and again,
the man repeatedly called for his son.
故事开始于布鲁克林商业区一条街的拐角处。一位老人在过马
路时突然晕倒在地，一辆救护车把他赶紧送往金司县医院。在医
院里他不时地苏醒过来，
不断呼唤他的儿子。
2
From a worn
letter found in his pocket, an emergency-room
nurse learned that his son was a Marine stationed
in North
Carolina. It seemed there were
no other relatives.
从他口袋里找到一封磨破了的信上，
急诊室的护士得知他儿子是驻扎在北卡罗
来那州海军陆战队的一名战士。
看样子这位老人
没有别的亲人。
3
Someone at the
hospital called the Red Cross office in Brooklyn,
and a request for the boy to rush to Brooklyn was
sent to the
Red Cross director of the
North Carolina Marine Corps camp. Because time was
short
—
the patient was
dying
—
the Red
Cross
to the airport in time to catch
the one plane that might enable him to reach his
dying father.
man and officer set out
in a jeep. They found the young man wading through
some marshes in a military exercise. He was
rushed
有人给红十字会布
鲁克林办事处打了个电话，要求北卡罗来那海军陆战队营区红十字会主任让那位战士立即赶到布鲁克林。
由于时间很紧
——
病人快要死了
——
红
十字会的人和官员乘
一辆吉普车动身了。他们找到那年轻人时他正在一片沼泽地涉水进行
军事演习。他被火速
送往机场，及时赶上了一趟班机，只有这趟班机或许还
能让他见到病危的父亲。
4
It
was mid-evening when the young Marine walked into
the entrance lobby of Kings County Hospital. A
nurse took the tired,
anxious
serviceman to the bedside.
当这位年轻的士兵走进金司县医院入门大厅时已是午夜时分了。护士带着这个疲惫而又焦
急的军人到了病床边。
5
“Your son is
here,” she said to the old man. She had to repeat
the words several times
before the
patient's eyes opened. The
in Marine
Corps uniform standing outside the oxygen tent. He
reached out his hand. The Marine wrapped his
strong fingers
around the old man's
limp ones, squeezing a message of love and
encouragement. The nurse brought a chair, so the
Marine
could sit by the bed.
medicine he had been given because of
the pain from his heart attack made his eyes weak
and he only dimly saw the young man
她对老人说道：
“
您儿子来了。
”
她不得不把这几个词重复了好几遍后，
病人的眼睛才睁开。
给他治心绞痛的镇静药使他昏昏入
睡，他只能模模糊糊地看到那穿着
海军陆战队
军装的年轻人站在氧气罩外。他伸出手，那士兵用他那强劲有力的手把老人无力的
手紧紧
握住，把爱和鼓励传递给老人。护士拿来一把椅子，让这位士兵
能够坐在床边。
6
Nights are long in hospitals, but all
through the night the young Marine sat there in
the dimly-lit ward, holding the old man's
hand and offering words of hope and
strength. Occasionally, the nurse suggested that
the Marine rest for a while. He refused.
医院的夜晚是漫长的，但是这位年
轻的海军陆战队员整夜都坐在光线昏暗的病房里，握着老人的手，说几句充满希望和力量的
话。护士不时建议士兵休息一下，他都拒绝了。
7
Whenever the nurse came into the ward,
the Marine was there, but he paid no attention to
her and the night noises of the
hospital
—
the
clanking of an oxygen tank, the laughter of night-
staff members exchanging greetings, the cries and
moans and
son through most of the
night
．
snores of
other patients. Now and then she heard him say a
few gentle words. The dying man said nothing, only
held tightly to his
每当护士走进病房，他都在那儿，但他根本没注意到她，也没有注意到医院里夜间各种声音：氧气瓶的铿
锵声、夜间值班人员
打招呼的笑声、其他病人的叫声、呻吟声及鼾声。她不时听到他轻声
细语地说句话，那快死的人什么也没说，只是大半夜一直紧紧
握住他儿子的手。
tell
the nurse
．
While she did what
she had to do
，
he smoked a
cigarette
—
his first since he
got to the hospital.
8
It was nearly dawn when the patient
died
．
The Marine placed on
the bed the lifeless hand he had been
holding
，
and went
to
黎明前夕病人去世了。士兵把
他一直握住的那只手毫无生气的放到床上前去通知护士。当她做着那些例行事务时，他抽了一根
< br>烟
——
这是他来医院后的第一只烟。
interrupted
her
．
“Who was that man?”he
asked
．
10
，
，
startled
．
11
，
he wasn't
，
．
．
9
Finally
，
she
returned to the nurse's
station
，
where he was
waiting
．
She started to offer
words of sympathy
，
but the
Marine
12
．
，
but
< br>I also knew he needed his son
，
and his
son just wasn't
here
．
When I realized he was
too sick to tell whether or not I was his
son
，
I
guessed he really needed
me
．
So I
stayed
．
最后，她回到护士站，他正等在那
里。她刚要开口说几句同情的话，但却被那士兵打断了，问道：
“
那个人是谁？
”
“
他是你的父亲呀。
”
她答道，吃了一惊。
“
不，他不是。我从前从未见过他。
”
他说。
“
我把你带到那儿时你为什么不说？
”
护士问。
“
我当时就明白一定是搞错了，但我
也不明白他需要他的儿子，而他的儿子又正好不在。当我意识到他病得已经弄不清我是不
是他的儿子时，我想他真的需要我。于是我留下了。
”
base informing
the Brooklyn Red Cross that the real son was on
his way to Brooklyn for his father's
funeral
．
It
turned out there
wrong
record
．
14
With
that
，
the Marine turned and
left the hospital. Two days later a message came
in from the North Carolina Marine
Corps
had been two Marines with the same
name and similar numbers in the
camp
．
Someone in the
personnel office had pulled out the
说完，那士兵转身离开了医院。两天后布鲁克林红十字会接到
北卡罗来那海军陆战队基地的通知，说老人真正的儿子已经出发
来布鲁克林参加其父亲的
葬礼。原来在同一营地有两位同名、番号近似的海军陆战队战士，人事部的人抽错了记录。
15
But the wrong Marine had become the
right son at the right
time
．
And he
proved
，
in a very
human way
，
that
there are
people who care what happens
to their fellow men
．
但在关键的时刻，这个弄错了的士
兵很好地扮演了儿子的角色，而且他以极富人情味的方式，证实了关心自己同胞的人还是大
有人在的。
Lesson Six
How
Dictionaries Are Made
S. I.
Hayakawa
Learning Guide
从我们上小学起，词典就成了我们学习中不可缺少的朋友。可
是，词典是怎样编写出来的
?
是先由学者、专家们给每个词写出
述问题，他的见解对于语言学习有一定的指导意义。
定义，
然后搜集例句加以说明吗
?
词典是人人应当尊重的权威吗
?
什么样的词典是好词典
?
在这篇课文里一位著名语义学家回答了上
1
It is widely
believed that every word has a correct meaning,
that we learn these meanings mainly from teachers
and
grammars, and that dictionaries and
grammar books are the highest authority in matters
of meaning and usage. Few people ask
by
what authority the writers of dictionaries and
grammars say what they say. I once got into an
argument with an English woman
over the
pronunciation of a word and offered to look it up
in the dictionary. The
English woman
said firmly, “What for? I am
English
among the English. In the United
States, however, anyone who is willing to quarrel
with the dictionary is regarded as out of his
mind.
< br>人们普遍认为每一个词都有一个正确的意思，我们主要是从老师那里和语法书中学到词的意思，而且词典和 语法学是界定词
义及用法的最高权威。几乎没有人质问
过词典和语法书的编写者凭什么规定我们说话的条条框框。一次，我和一位英国女士就一
I was born and brought up in England. The
way I speak
is English.” Such
confidence about one's own language is
not
uncommon
个词的发音而争论起来，我主动提出
去查一查词典。那位英国女士坚定地
说：
“
为什么查词典？我就是英国人，这里生这里长，我
说的就
是英语。
”
这种对自己语言的自信在英国人当中并非罕见，而在
美国谁要是说词典错了就被认为是神
经病。
2
Let us see how
dictionaries are made and how the editors arrive
at definitions(arrive at). What follows applies
only to those
dictionary offices where
firsthand research goes on
—
not those in which editors simply copy existing
dictionaries. The task of
writing a
dictionary begins with reading huge amounts of the
literature of the period or subject that the
dictionary is to cover. As
the editors
read, they copy on cards every unusual use of a
common word, a large number of common words in
their ordinary
uses, and also the
sentences in which each of these words appears.
让我们看一看词典是如何编写出
来的，还有编写者是如何给词下定义的吧。以下谈到的仅适用于通过研究原始资料编写词典
的机构，不适用于那些编写人员只是抄
录现成词典的机构。
编写词典首先要阅读大量有关时期的文学作品或与论题有关的文献。
编写者们一边读，一
边在卡片上抄录下普通词的特殊用法，还有大量常用词
的一般用法以及出现这些词的句子。
the Oxford English
Dictionary, millions of such cards are collected,
and the task of editing occupies decades. As the
cards are
or three to several hundred
sentences, each on its card, which illustrate the
meaning and use of the word.
也就是说，在收集单词的同时，还要收集每个词的语境。对
于象《牛津英语大词典》这样的大型词典编写工作，要收集上百
万这样的卡片，编写工作
要花上几十
年。卡片收集后按字母顺序排列，分类工作完成时
，每个词都要有两三个到几百个句子，一
句一张卡，句句说明该词的意思及用法。
3
That is to say,
the context of each word is collected, along with
the word itself. For a really big job of
dictionary writing, such as
collected,
they are arranged in alphabetical order. When the
sorting is completed, there will be for each word
anywhere from two
4
To define a word, then, the dictionary
editor places before him all the cards
illustrating that word; each of the cards
represents
divides them up according to
what he thinks are the several senses of the word.
Finally, he writes his definitions, following the
an actual use of the word by a writer
of some importance. He reads the cards carefully,
throws away some, rereads the rest,
and
hard-and-fast rule that each
definition must be based on what the sentences in
front of him show about the meanings of the
word.
要下定义时，词典编
辑把说明该词的所以卡片放在面前，每张卡片具体代表了某位有影响的作家使用该词的实际情况。他仔
细阅读那些卡片，去掉一些，重读剩下
的那些，
然后按照他以为这个词具有的几种意思把卡片分成若干类。最后严格遵循一切释
义必须根
据在眼前的句子表现出来的意义来界定的这条不可改变的原则写下
他的定义，不容许编辑以自己的主观看法去影响释义
工作。他必须按这些卡片来写定
义，否则就干脆别写。
5
The writing of
a dictionary, therefore, is not a task of setting
up ruling statements about
the “true
meanings” of words, but a
task of
recording, to the best of one's ability, what
various words have meant to authors in the distant
or immediate past. The
writer of a
dictionary is a historian, not a lawgiver. If, for
example, we had been writing a dictionary in 1890,
or even as late as
The editor cannot be
influenced by what he thinks a given word ought to
mean. He must work according to the cards, or not
at all.
1919, we could have said that
the word “broadcast” means “to scatter” (seed,
for
example), but we could not have
laid down that
from 1919 on the most
common meaning of
the word should
become “to send out programs by radio or
television.”
To regard
the
dictionary as an
nor
anyone else can do. In choosing our words when we
speak or write, we can be guided by the historical
record provided for us
by the
dictionary, but we should not be bound by it,
because new situations, new experiences, new
inventions, new feelings are
always
making us give new uses to old words.
因此，
编写词典的任务并不是给词
规定出
“
确切定义
”
< br>，
而是尽最大努力记录下很久以前或是不久以前作者们认为各种词的含义。
一位词典作家是一位史学工作者
而不是位法
典拟订者。例如，假使我们是在
1890
年甚至晚到
1919
年编写一本词典的话，我们本来
会把
“broadcast”
一词释义为
“
撒播（比如种
子）
”
，但是我们决不会得出这样的结论：从
1919
年以后这个词最普遍的意思会变成
“
用
无线电或电视传送节目
”
。因此，把词典看成
“
权威
”
就是认为
词典的
编写者人预见未来，而任何人都不可能做到的。在我们
讲话或
写作选词译句时，我们可以用词典提供的历史记载来指导我们，但不要受到他的束
缚，因为新的形势、
新的经历、新的发明，直
至新的感受都使得我们不断赋予旧词新的用法。
Lesson Seven
Love of Life
Jack London
Learning Guide
20
世纪
科学技术的突飞猛进，
极大地改善了人类的生活。
现代人的生存
能力越来越弱。
可谁又能保证自己一生中不会遭遇灾难，
重困难
以求得生存。
不会面临生死存亡的关头？美
国著名
作家杰克
·
伦敦在其名篇《热爱生命》中告诉我们在极其恶劣的
环境中怎样坚持下去，克服重
1
Two men walked slowly, one after the
other, through the shallow water of a stream. All
they could see were stones and
earth.
The stream ran cold over their
feet. They had blanket packs on their backs. They
had guns, but no bullets; matches, but no food.
两个人缓慢前行，一前一后，趟过
一条浅浅的小河，他们看到的只有石子和土地。冷冷的河水从他们的脚上流过。他们背着用
毯子打的背包，他们有枪，但没有子弹；有火柴，但没有食物。
straight on
without looking back.
2
Suddenly the man who followed
fel
l over a stone. He hurt his foot
badly and called:“Hey, Bill, I've hurt my foot.”
Bill continued
忽然，后面的那个人被一块石子绊倒了。他的脚受了重伤，喊了起来：
“
嘿，比尔，我的脚扭伤了。
”
比尔头也没有回，继续前
行。
3
The man was
alone in the empty land, but he was not lost. He
knew the way to their camp, where he would find
food and
bullets. He struggled to his
feet and limped on. Bill would be waiting for him
there, and together they would go south to the
The berries were tasteless, and did not
satisfy, but he knew he must eat them.
这个人孤零零地在荒原之中，但他心里并没有发慌。他知道
去营地的路，在那里他可以找到食物和子弹。他挣扎着站起来，
Hudson Bay
Company. He had not eaten for two days. Often he
stopped to pick some small berries and put them
into his mouth.
一瘸一拐地往前挪动。比尔会在那里等着他，然后他们
将一同南下到哈得逊海湾公司。他已有两天没吃东西了，他常常停下来去摘
小莓果放到嘴
里。那些莓果很难吃，而且也不解饿，但他知道自己必须吃
掉它们。
4
In the evening
he built a fire and slept like a dead man. When he
woke up, the man took out a small sack. It weighed
fifteen
pounds. He wasn't sure if he
could carry it any longer. But he couldn't leave
it behind. He had to take it with him. He put it
back
into his pack, rose to his feet
and staggered on.
不能把它扔下，他得带
着它。他把袋子放回背包，站起来继续蹒跚前行。
he knew only that he was
hungry. Through his restless sleep he dreamed of
banquets and of food. The man woke up cold and
sick, and found himself lost. But the
small sack was still with him. As he dragged
himself along, the sack became heavier and
heavier. The man opened the sack, which
was full of small pieces of gold. He left half the
gold on a rock.
他扭伤的脚很疼，但比起饥饿来说真算不了什么。饥饿驱使他往前，直至夜幕降临。他的毛毯湿了，但他只知 道饿。他彻夜
辗转梦见了宴会和食物。他醒来感到又
冷又难受，还发觉自己已经迷失了方向。但小袋子还在身边。他拖着脚一步一步往前走，
那袋子越来越沉。那个人打开袋子，里面满是小金块儿。他留下了一半在岩
石下。
6
Eleven days passed, days of rain and
cold. One day he found the bones of a deer. There
was no meat on them. The man
life. Only
life hurt. There was no hurt in death. To die was
to sleep. Then why was he not ready to die? He, as
a man, no longer
夜晚，他生了堆火，睡得很沉。醒来时，他从背包里掏出一个小袋子，重
15
磅。他没有把握还能不能继续带着这口袋，但他决
5
< br>
His foot hurt, but it was nothing
compared with his hunger, which made him go on
until darkness fell. His blanket was wet,
but
broke the bones and he sucked and
chewed on them like an animal. Would he, too, be
bones tomorrow? And why not? This was
strove. It was the life in him,
unwilling to die, that drove him on.
十一天过去了，天又下雨又寒冷。一天他发现了一具鹿骨，
上面没有肉。他砸开骨头，象野兽一样吮吸着咀嚼着。明天他自
己是不是也会只剩下一把
骨头？完全可
能。这就是生活。只有活着才会有痛苦，死了就
没有了。死亡就是安眠。那么为什么他不
准备去死呢？他，作为一个人，不再奋斗，是他
那不愿束手待毙的生命力逼
迫他向前走。
7
One
morning he woke up beside a river. Slowly he
followed it with his eyes and saw it emptying into
a shining sea(empty
into)
．
When he saw
a ship on the sea
，
he closed
his eyes
．
He knew there could
be no ship
，
no
sea
，
in this
land
．
A
vision
，
he told
himself
．
He heard a noise
behind him
，
and turned
around
．
A
wolf
，
old and
sick
，
was coming slowly
toward him
．
This
was
real
，
he
thought
．
The man turned
back
，
but the sea
and the ship were still
there
．
He didn't
understand
．
Had he been
walking
，
away
from the camp
，
toward the
sea? He stood up and started slowly toward the
ship
，
knowing full well the
sick wolf was
north
following him
．
In
the afternoon
，
he found some
bones of a man
．
Beside the
bones was a small sack of gold, like his
own
．
So Bill
had
carried his gold to the
end
．
He would carry Bill's
gold to the ship
．
Ha
—
ha! He would have the last laugh on
Bill
．
His
laughing
about Bill's bones and take his
gold?
< br>一天清晨，他在一条河边醒来，他用目光慢慢地跟踪那条河，看到它流入闪闪发光的大海。当他看到海上有 一条船时，他闭
上了眼。他知道在这荒原上不可能有
船，不可能有海。他对自己说这是幻觉。他听到后面有个声音，转过身，是一只狼，又老又
病的狼，正慢慢向他走来。他想这是真的。那个人回到原处，但海和船还
在。他不明白了。难道他一直在往北走，离营地愈来愈
< br>远，走到了大海了吗？他站起来开始慢慢向船挪去，心里十分清楚那只狼一直在跟着他。那天下午，他发现 了
一些人骨，在这些
他是最后的胜利
<
/p>
者，而不是比尔。他的笑声听起来好象野兽低吟的叫声。那只狼也叫了一声。突然那个人停
下笑声转过脸去，他
怎么能看到比尔的遗骨而幸灾乐祸呢？他怎么能拿走
他的金子呢？
sounded like the low cry of
an animal
．
The wolf cried
back
．
The man stopped
suddenly and turned away
．
How
could he laugh
骨头旁边有一小袋金子，和他自己的很相象。这么说来
比尔已经背着他的金子上了西天了。他可以背着比尔的金子上船了，哈哈！
8
The man was very sick
，
now
．
He crawled
about
，
on hands and
knees
．
He had lost
everything
—
his
blanket
，
his
gun
，
and
his
gold
．
Only the wolf stayed
with him hour after hour
．
At
last he could go on no
further
．
He
fell
．
The wolf
came close to him,
but the man was
ready
．
He got on top of the
wolf and held its mouth
closed
．
Then he bit it with
his last strength
．
The wolf's
blood
back and
slept
．
现在那个人已经非常虚弱。他四肢伏地爬行，他已甩掉了所
有东西
——
他的毛毯、他的枪、还有他的金子。他唯一没有甩掉
的就是时时刻刻注视着他的那只狼。最
后他终于一步也挪不动了。他倒下了。狼走近他，但他已准备好了。他骑到狼的背上，使
streamed into his
mouth
．
Only love of life gave
him enough strength
．
He held
the wolf with his teeth and killed it, then he
fell on his
劲把它的嘴掐住，然后他用尽最后
的力气咬住了狼，狼血流到了他的嘴里。
只有对生命的热爱才
给了他足够的力量。他用牙咬住
狼并把它杀了，然后仰面倒了下去，睡着了。
men went
over to look and could hardly believe it was a
man
．
9
The men on the
ship saw a strange object lying on the
beach
．
It was
moving toward them
—
perhaps
twenty feet an
hour
．
The
船上的人看到一件奇怪的东西卧在海滩上，正朝他们移来，大
概速度为每小时
20
英寸。船上的人过去一看，简直难以置信那
竟
是个人。
10
Three weeks later, when the man felt
better, he told them his
story
．
But there was one
strange thing
—
he seemed to
be afraid
that there wasn't enough food
on the ship
．
The men also
noticed that he was getting
fat
．
They gave him less food,
but still he grew
his
blanket
．
The men
understood
．
He would recover
from it
，
they
said
．
三周后，当那个人好些了，他告诉他们自己的故事。但有件
奇怪的事情
——
他似乎很担心船上没有足够的食物。人们还注意
到他越来越胖。他们减少了给他的食
物，但他仍旧每天长胖。于是有一天他们看到他把很多面包塞到衬衫下面。他们检查了他的
床，又在他的毛毯下面发现了食物。那些人明白了。他们说，他会慢慢复元的。
fatter with each
day
．
Then one day they saw
him put a lot of bread under his
shirt
．
They examined his bed
and found food under
Lesson Eight
A Fiddle and the Law
John J. Floherty
Learning Guide
握枪杆。动武显然是下策，特工沉
着
冷静，处之泰然，像一个闲来串门的邻居，谈笑弄琴，不问公务，终于赢得信任，使得原本
敌对的父亲次日带领其子前往自首。
1
Special Agent X
came to a cabin about two miles up the mountain.
He had come to get Cal Richards, an armed and
dangerous killer. Through a broken
window, he saw a man with a beard watching him
closely. Agent X drew a deep breath. He
stepped up to the cabin door with a
cheerful
“
Hello!
”
某特工
来到了山上大约两英里处的一间小屋。他是来缉拿卡尔
?
理查兹
，一个危险的持枪杀人犯。从一扇破窗户望进去，他看
到一个留着胡子的人正严密注视着
他。某特工深深地吸了口气，抬腿迈进小木屋的门，轻快地说了声
“
你好！
”
2
Beside the fireplace, an old man sat
silently. Still standing near the window was
thebearded man
—
a gun in
his hands.
3
“Government man, aren't you?” said the
man with the gun.
4
“Yes,” replied
the agent with a friendly smile. “You must be
Pappy Richards.”
5
“Sure. I'm
Cal's pa. And you're not going to get him.” The
gun pointed at the G
-man.
6
Agent X looked around the cabin. “I've
been assigned to do it,”he said. “But I can see
he
isn't here today. I guess I'll have
to
come again.” Then he caught sight of
a violin
hanging on the
wall
. “Who plays the fiddle?” he
asked.
< br>某特工环视了一下小屋。
“
我只是奉命行事，
”
他说，
“
不过我看得出
今天他不在这儿。我想我还得再来一次。
”
接着他一眼就看
到了一把小提琴挂在墙上。
“
谁拉小提琴？
”
他问。
在壁炉边，一位老人默默地站着。那个留着胡子的人仍然站在
窗户附近，手里端着枪。
“
你是联邦
调查局的人吧？
”
拿着枪的人问。
<
/p>
“
是的。
”
那特
工友好地笑着回答。
“
你一定是帕皮
·
理查兹吧？
”
“
当然，我是卡尔的爸爸。你不会抓到他的。
”
枪指着联邦调查局的特工。
美国联邦调查局某特工奉命缉拿一杀人犯归案。案犯与其父住
在深山的小屋里。该特工到达时，案犯不在，其父满怀敌意，紧
7
For a
moment there was
silence. Then the old man by the fire spoke up.
“Pappy,” he
said. “He's the
best fiddler in these parts.
if I look
at the violin
?”
You ought to hear him play Turkey in
the Straw.”
The G-
man seemed
deeply impressed. “You don't say! I play a little
myself.
Mind
沉默了一会儿之后，壁炉边的老人大声说到：
“
是帕皮。他是这一片最棒的小提琴手。你真该听听他拉的
?
草
丛中的火鸡
?
。
”
联邦
调查局的人看上去好象有很深的印象。
“
真的呀？我自己也能拉点儿。我看看这把小提琴你介意吗？
”
8
As he crossed
the room to the instrument, he knew that the gun
was still aimed at him. He felt sweat on his
forehead, but he
into the lively music
of Turkey in the Straw. The old man began to beat
time, tapping one foot on the dirt floor. But
Pappy stood
unmoved, gun in hand and
eyes alert.
当他
从房间走过去拿小提琴时，他知道那只枪仍然指着他。他感觉到额头上出汉了，但还是平静地把小提琴从墙上取下
，就
好象他是一个颇受欢迎的的客人。他小
< br>心地把小提琴翻转过来，取下琴弓，然后他突然拉起活泼的《草丛中的火鸡》。那位老人
< br>took the violin from the wall as calmly as if he were a welcome visitor. He turned it carefully and wiped off the bow. Then he broke
开始一
只脚在脏地板上打起了拍子。可是帕皮却无动于衷，他端着枪，目光
机警。
9
One tune after
another Agent X played,occasionally glancing at
Pappy. Suddenly the music changed, and from the
strings
played in his life. Pappy
Richards stood enchanted, the
defiance in his eyes giving way to a
look of wonder. The gun was now
pointed
toward the the final notes of the song died away,
Pappy placed the gun in a corner.
came
the sweet notes of an old folk song. The cabin was
filled with glorious sound. Agent X was playing
better than he had ever
某特工不断地拉着曲子，不时瞥一眼帕皮，突然音乐变了，琴弦上响起了一首古老的民歌，旋
律优美。拉的比这辈子任何时候
都好。帕皮
·
< br>理查兹站在那里完全陶醉了，他目光中的抵触情绪已被惊讶的神色所代替。当这支歌的最后一个音符消失了 的时候，
帕皮把枪放到了角落里。
10
“Well, stranger,” Pappy said, “that was
first
-class fiddling. Maybe you'll stay
for dinner
and play some more for
us.”
11
After they had eaten, the three men sat
in the spring sunshine outside the cabin. They
talked about fiddle tunes and the
fiddlers that Pappy and the old man had
known here in the mountains.
12
They talked
for an hour, and not once did anyone speak of the
reason for the G-man's visit. Once more the bow
danced
across the strings; and so
another hour passed not a word was said about Cal
Richards. Finally the agent said,
“Sorry
I must be getting back
to the vil
lage.”
“
陌生人
”
，帕皮说，
“
那是一流的演奏。或许你
可以留下来吃饭，然后再给我们拉几曲。
”
吃完饭，三个人坐在小木屋外春日
的阳光下，他们聊着小提琴曲以及这山里帕皮和老人所知道的小提琴手们。
他们聊了一个小时，一次也没有提
到联邦特工来这儿的目的。小提琴的弓再次在弦上飞舞起来。又一个小时很快过去了，关于
卡尔
?
理查兹仍然只字未提。最后那特工说：
“
真抱歉，我该回村里去了。
”
13
Pappy's friend eyed him for a moment
and said, “How about Cal? Y
ou want him,
don't
you?” There was a touch of
amusement in his voice.
14
“Well,
no,”said the G
-
man with a
smile. “I don't want him. The government wants
him,and you know how it is when the
he
is. ”
15
“Does the government always get the guy
it wants?”
16
“No, not always. Sometimes he
dies.”
government wants a
man. It may take days or months or years to get
him, but they'll get him. And the longer it takes,
the worse off
帕
皮的朋友盯了他一会儿说：
“
那卡尔呢？你要抓他不是吗？
”
声音里有点儿调侃的味道。
“
噢，不
”
联邦特工笑着说，
“
我不想抓他，是政府要抓他。你知道政府要抓人是怎么一回事吧。也许抓到他需要几天、几个月、
或几年，不过他们还是要抓他。抓他花的时间越长，他的处境也就越坏。
”
“
政府总是能抓到它要抓的人吗？
”
“
不，不
总是，有时那个人会死的。
”
17
Pappy, sitting on a nearby log, was
deep in thought. “See here, stranger,”
he
interrupted suddenly. “I
like the way you talk
—
well, I'll have a talk with Cal. I think he might
give himself up tomorrow. You be at the sheriff's
office at noon !”
帕皮坐在旁边的木柴上，陷入了
沉思。
“
唉，陌生人
”
他突然打断了他们的话，
“
我喜欢你这么说话，我也喜
欢你拉的琴。我想
and I like the way you fiddle.
I guess you're a
decent guy.” He paused
as if it were hard to go on. Then, he said in a
thick voice, “I
你是个正派人。
”
他停了片刻，似
乎下面的话很难说出口。然后他
声音沙哑地说到：
“
我
——
恩，我会和卡尔谈谈。我想他明天会去
自首。中午你就在县司法长官办公室
等着吧。
”
18
“Noon tomorrow!” said the agent,
wondering if he looked as surprised as he felt.
“So
long until then.” After
he left, he wiped
his sweating forehead
and sighed with relief
．
“
明天中
午见！
”
那特工说。他感到惊讶，不知他是不是脸上也露出同样
的表情。
“
那时再见。
”
离开后，他擦了擦冒汗的额头，
如释重负地吁了口气。
sheriff's
office. With him was a young fellow whose
appearance told of many days in
hiding
．
20
The G-man was
waiting
．
21
“Stranger
，
”said
Pappy
．
“Here is
Cal
，
my
son
．
”
第二天，当村里的大钟敲了两下，宣告午时的时候，大街上一
个留着胡子的人朝着
县司法办公室走来。和他一起来的是一个
小伙子，一看他那样子就知道他躲藏了多日。
那联邦调查局的特工正在等候着。
“
陌生人
”
，帕皮说，
“
这是卡儿，我的儿子。
”
19
The next day as the village clock
struck twice
，
announcing the
hour of noon
，
a
bearded man came up the street toward
the
Lesson Nine
Happiness
Branko
Bugarski
Learning Guide
贡献，从而感到自身的价值的过程。
1
Many people think that when they become
rich and successful, happiness will naturally
follow. Let me tell you that certainly
movie stars committing suicide or dying
from drugs. Quite clearly, money is not the answer
to all problems.
人人追求幸福，可什么是幸福呢？本文作者认为幸福不是目的，不是终点，而是一个过程，是以积极的工作为 他人的幸福做出
nothing is further from the
truth. The world is full of very rich people who
are as miserable as hell. We have all read stories
about
许多人都认为当他们
变得富有和成功时，幸福自然会随之而来。我要告诉你们实际情况远非如此。世界上到处是那些富人，他
parents does not
bring happiness. In fact, money alone is almost
worthless. If you have both self-esteem and money,
however,
you are well on the way to
happiness. What is missing in both self-esteem and
money is productive work and a real contribution
towards the happiness of others. The
secret to happiness lies in the contribution
towards the happiness of others. You can fool
们就像生活在地狱一样痛苦。
我们都读到过许多关于电影明星自杀或吸毒
身亡的报道。
很显然金钱并非是解决一切问题的唯一方法。
2<
/p>
Wealth achieved through
dishonest means does not bring happiness. Lottery
winnings do not bring happiness. Wealth left by
others but you can never fool yourself.
If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest
means
，
you will know you did
not earn it
．
If
you
are capable
．
用欺骗的手段得到的财富不能带来幸福。赢彩券不能带来幸
福。父母留下的财富也不能带来幸福。事实上，如果只有金钱，
而其他一无所有，金钱也
是毫无价值
的。如果你同时具有自尊和金钱，那么你已经踏上
了通往幸福的大道。自尊心和金钱本身所
欠缺的是富有创造性的工作以及为他人的幸福所
做的实实在在的贡献。幸
福的秘诀就在你为别人的幸福所做的
贡献之中。你可以
欺骗别人，但你绝对欺骗不了自己。如果你靠运气或欺骗的手段获得了
财富，你会知道你一无所获。如果你是
利用或伤害别人来
得到财富，你就不会感到幸福。你不会喜欢自己，你也不会认为自己很能干。
you have
taken advantage of or hurt others to earn your
wealth
，
you will
not be happy
．
You will not
like yourself
．
You will not
feel
3
There are
many highly-paid managers and entertainers who do
not like themselves
．
Outwardl
y
，
they seem
successful
，
but
deep down they are
miserable
．
They know
they
are contributing very
little of real value and all the time they live in
fear of being
or
society
．
But they
can't fool themselves
．
许多被高薪聘请的经理和艺人们
都不喜欢他们自己。表面上看他们很成功，但他们内心深处却十分痛苦。他们很清楚自己并
没有做出真正有价值的贡献。他们总是
提心吊胆，惟恐别人
揭穿他们骗子的面孔。他们知道自己并没有得到财富。他们知道自己
exposed
as
cheats
．
They know
they are not earning their
wealth
．
They know
they are cheating the
company
，
the gover
nment
在欺骗公司，政府和社会。但他们却欺骗不了自己。
4
Long-term happiness is based on
honesty
，
productive
work
，
contribution, and self-
esteem
．
Happiness
is not an end
；
it
is
a process. It is a continuous process
of honest
，
productive work
which makes a real contribution to others and
makes you feel like
a worthwhile
person
．
As
Dr
．
Wayne
wrote
，
“
There is
no way to
happiness
．
Happiness is the
way
．
”There is no use
saying“Some
does not work that
way
．
If you wait
for certain things to happen and depend on
external circumstances of life to make you
happy
，
you will always feel
unfulfilled
．
There will
always be something missing
．
day when I achieve these
goals
，
when I get this
car
，
build this house and
have this business...then I will be really
happy
．
”Life just
长久的幸福是建立在诚实，创造性的工作，贡献和自尊的基
础之上的。幸福不是结果，而是过程。幸福是在不断地用正当的，
创造性的劳动为他人做
贡献的过程
中，
让你觉得自己是个有
价值的人。
正如韦恩博士所说：
“
没有
通往幸福的路。
幸福本身就是路。
”
不
要整天说：
“
有一天，当我实现了我的目标，有了车，有了房<
/p>
子，有了自己的生意
……
那时我就会真正幸福了。
”
生活中这是行不
通的。如果你等待外界发生变化，如果你依赖生活中的外界力量来使你感到幸福，那你永远不会<
/p>
有成就感。你的生活总会有所欠
缺。
5
Long-term happiness is a process of
moving towards worthwhile goals and contributing
towards the welfare and happiness of
own
honest,productive work. It means doing what you
love and loving what you do. It means achieving
your goals and then
challenging
yourself to bigger and better things. It means
always striving for more, learning and growing.
Doing nothing means
and contribute real
values to the others. In the long term, that's
what it's all
about.
长久的幸福是一个过程
——
渐渐达到有价值的目标，致力于为别人谋福利和幸福的过程。这并不
是说你要将自己所有的财富
都赠送给别人。而是意味着通过你的诚
实和富有创造性的劳动不断地为别人创造价值。意味着做你自己喜欢的事并喜欢你自
己做
others. It does not mean that you
should give away all your wealth. It means
continuously creating values for others through
your
death. Activity means life. Find
your purpose, set some goals, do what you love,
love what you do, work honestly and productively
的事。意味着你要实现自己的目标，然后向自己挑战做更重大，更美好的事情。意味着你要始
终力求更多，不断学习和成长。什么
事情都不做就意味着死亡。生命在于运动。明确自己
的目的，确定一些目标，做你所热爱的事情，爱你所做的
事情
，诚实而有创
造性地工作，向别人奉献真正的价值。从长远来讲，幸福就是如此。
6
Inh sh t ort
terme, you can start practising being happy right
now without any obvious reason. How will you know
how to be
happy if you don' t try it?
It is the same as acting and feeling rich. Don' t
wait for another 10 years to start feeling rich,
successful
and practising
n
ow. You know that they say “practice
makes perfect.”
Pretend that you are
rich
and you will become
rich. Pretend and act as if you were
happy and you will be d and act as if you were
miserable and... Well, forget
about
this last one. You have been practising that one
for far too long.
从短期来看，你不需要任何理由就可以从现在尝试体验幸福。不尝试怎么知道怎样才会幸福？这与假装富
有去体会富有是一
样的。不要再等另一个
10
< br>年才开始感
觉富有，成功和幸福。从现在开始实践。你
知道人们常说
“
熟能生巧
”
这个成语。你认为自己
富有，就会真的富有。你认为自己幸福，并这样去做
，就真的会感到幸
福。你认为自己痛苦并这样去做
……
哎，还是别装痛苦吧。
那件事你做的时间已经
太长，成习惯了。
Lesson Ten
The Joker (
Ⅰ
)
Jake Allsop
Learning Guide
玩笑之外，好像是一事无成，与他
四
位成就斐然的兄长相比真不像是格朗德家族的成员。继而人们回忆起有他身世的逸事。似乎
没有人感到一丝的悲伤，葬礼就在这种欢快的气氛中进行着
……
1
It was a very happy funeral, a great
success. Even the sun shone that day for the late
Henry Ground. Lying in his coffin, he
was probably enjoying himself, too.
Once more, and for the last time on this earth, he
was the centre of attention. Yes, it was a
very jolly affair. People laughed and
told each other jokes. Relatives who had not
spoken for years smiled at each other and
promised to stay in touch. And, of
course, everyone had a favourite story to tell
about Henry.
在亨
利．格朗德的葬礼上，人们谈笑风生，争相讲述死者的逸闻趣事，品评他那笑话连翩的一生。他这一除了会讲笑话
，爱开
这是一个欢乐的葬礼，<
/p>
而且很成功。
那天就连太阳也为已故的亨利
?
格朗德张开了笑脸。
他躺在棺材里，
或许和别人一样快乐。
他再一次，也是在人间最后一次成
<
/p>
为人们注意的中心。的确，这是一件非常愉快的事情。人们笑着，彼此间讲着笑话。那些已
经
许多年不说话的亲戚们相互微笑，并说好要保持联系。当然，关于亨利
每个人都有件津津乐道的事情可谈。
6 pounds in an
afternoon!”
“
你还记得那次他化装成吉普赛人挨家挨户给人算命吗？一个下午他竟
然挣了
6
英镑！
”
Henry's
glass and waited with a proud expression
on his face, as if to say ?Taste it,
you peasant. It's clear that you know nothing
2
“Do you
remember the time he dressed up as a gypsy and
went from door to door
telling people's
fortunes? He actually made
3
“I was once having dinner with him in
an expensive restaurant. When
the wine-
waiter brought the wine, he poured a drop
into
about wine. ' So Henry, instead of
tasting it, the way any normal person would do,
dipped his thumb and forefinger into the wine.
he nodded to the wine-waiter seriously,
as if
to say ?Yes, that's fine. You may
serve it. '
You should have seen the
wine-waiter' s
face
! and how
Henry managed to keep a straight face, I'll never
know!”
Then he put his hand
to his ear and rolled his forefinger and thumb
together as if he were listening to the quality of
the wine! Then
“
一次我和他在一家价格昂贵的饭店正吃着饭，负责倒酒的侍者送来了酒，他往亨利的
杯子里倒了一点儿酒，然后面带傲慢的
拇指和食指在酒中浸了一下。接着，他把手放到耳
边，将大拇指和食
指搓起来，好像是在听酒的质量。然后，他
严肃地向侍者点
点头，好像在说
?
行，
这酒不错，你可以倒了。
?
你该瞧瞧侍者的脸！亨利怎么还能一
本正经地板着脸
孔，我永远也弄不明白。
”
4
“Did you hear about the practical joke
he played when he was a student,
the
one with the road-menders? Some workmen
and that he didn't think it was a very
funny thing to do. Then he went to the workmen and
told them that some students had
dressed up as policemen and were coming
to tell them to stop digging the
hole!
Well, you can imagine what happened!”
<
/p>
神色等在一边，好像是要说：
?
会品
酒吗？你这个乡巴佬！很显然你根本不懂酒。
?
于是，亨利并没有像常人那样去品酒，而是用大
were
digging a hole in the road. First, Henry phoned
the police and told them that some students were
digging a hole in the road,
“
你听说过他还是学生时做的恶作剧吗？就是捉弄修路工人的那
个恶作剧。几个修路工人正在马路上挖一个坑。亨利先给警察
打电话，说几个学生正在路
上挖坑，
他觉得这可不是闹着玩的事。然后他又来到那些工人
那里，告诉他们一群学生化装成警察，
马上要来叫他们停止挖坑！哈，你能想像出后来发
生了什么事情！
”
5
“Yes, old Henry loved to pull people's
legs. Once,
when he was invited to an
exhibition of some abstract modern painter's
before anyone noticed !”
“
对，老
亨利喜欢捉弄人。一次，他被邀请去参观某位现代抽象派画家的最新作品展览，而前一天他就设法进入展览馆，把
所
有的作品都倒了过来。画展进行了
4
天后才有人发现。
”
6
“His father, poor man, could never
understand why Henry did such crazy
things.”
latest work, he
managed somehow to get in the day before and turn
all the paintings upside down. The exhibition ran
for four days
7
“It's hard to believe that Henry was a
Ground when you think
how different he
was from hisbrothers
.”
“
他的父
亲，可怜的人，永远也不会明白为什么亨利爱做这些疯狂的事情。
”
“
要是考虑到他和他的几个哥哥是那么不一样，真是难以相信他会是格朗德家族的一员。
”
8
Yes, it was
difficult to believe that he was a Ground. He was
born into an unimportant but well-to-do family. He
was the
youngest of five sons. The
Grounds were a handsome lot: blue-eyed, fair-
haired, clever and ambitious. The four older boys
all
as themselves. The eldest became a
clergyman; the second ended up as the headmaster
of a famous public school; the third
went into business and became rich; the
fourth followed in his father's footsteps and
became a lawyer. That is why everybody
was amazed when the youngest Ground,
Henry, turned out to be a lazy good-for-nothing.
确实，很难相信他会是格朗德家
族的一员。他出身于社会地位不高但相当富有的家庭。是兄弟五人中最小的一个。格朗德一
家长得都很帅：蓝色的眼睛，金色的头
发，聪明且有抱负。
他的四个哥哥都发展得很顺利。他们都和富裕人家的女孩结了婚，生
下了和他们一样白肤
金发、漂亮聪明的孩子。大哥成为一位牧师：二哥最后
成了一
所著名私立学校的校长：三哥做生意而且变得
很富有：四哥继承了父亲的事业成了一名律
师。这就是为什么人们感到惊讶，格朗德家最小的儿子竟变成一个游
手好闲，一无所
成的人。
a lady-killer.
And, although he never married, there is no doubt
at all that Henry Ground loved women. He also
loved eating,
made a success of their
lives. They married beautiful girls of good
family, and produced children as fair and handsome
and clever
9
Unlike his brothers, he had brown eyes
and dark hair, but he was every bit as handsome
and charming, which made him
quite
drinking, laughing, talking and a
thousand other activities which don't make money
or improve the human life. One of his
favourite
by his side, and all the time
in the world to talk of this and that, to count
the blades of grass.
与他的哥哥们不同，亨利长着棕色眼睛和黑色头发，但他却同他的哥哥们一样帅，一样迷人，这使
他成为相当讨女人喜欢的
人。尽管他从未结婚，但有一点毫无疑
问，亨利爱女人。他还喜欢吃，喝酒，大笑，聊天以及做成千种其他的既不赚钱也不能改
善人类生活的事情。他最喜欢的一种消遣就是什么都不做。他认为天晴时最
好的度过下午时光的办法就是坐在树下，身边有位漂
亮姑娘，还有用不完的时间来侃这谈那，或是数数草的叶片。
pastimes was
doing nothing. His idea of an energetic afternoon
when the sun was shining was to sit under a tree,
with a pretty girl
10
What a worthless fellow! Some people
whispered that his real father was not the present
Mr. Ground at all, but a wild gypsy
who
had come one day to the house and had swept Mrs.
Ground off her feet with his dancing black eyes
and his wicked immoral
and his talent
for making you laugh. Henry Ground was, above all
else, a joker.
他是个多么没用的人啊！一些人悄悄说他真正的父亲根本不是现在的格朗德先生，而是一个放荡的吉普赛男人。
一天，这个
吉普赛男人来到他家，用他那流光四溢
的黑眼睛和下流的手段勾引了格朗德太太。这是一个很好的故事，有趣且浪漫，但当然不< p>
ways. It
was a good story, interesting and romantic, but
surely untrue. One thing was sure: you couldn't
help liking Henry Ground
是真的。有一点是肯定的，那就是
你不得不承认你喜欢亨利
·
格朗德，喜欢
他那逗人发笑的本领。亨利
·
格朗
德首先是个玩笑大王。
Lesson Eleven
The Joker (
Ⅱ
)
Jake Allsop
Learning Guide
亨利的
12
位最要好的朋友应邀听取其兄宣读遗嘱。
原来他留下了一笔可观的财产，
他要求这
12
位朋友每人讲一个故事，
声称谁
大笑的故事，却又对他人的故事憋住不笑出声来，最后他们终
于忍耐不住而放声大笑，在笑声中明白的故人通过玩笑给他们上了
讲出最引人发故事，遗产就归谁。于是这
12
位绅士淑女开始了一场角逐，他们各显神通，讲出了一个比一个一般的离奇而令人捧腹
一
课
……
1
Anyway, the
stories went on even while the coffin was being
lowered into the held handkerchiefs to their
eyes,
twelve of Henry's closest
friends. Henry Ground had asked his brother,
Colin, to read out his had been in debt all his
life, hadn't he? What could he possibly
have to leave in a will?
but their tears were tears of laughter,
not ards, there was a funeral breakfast, by
invitation only. It was attended by
不管怎么说，即便是灵柩往墓穴
中安放的时候，故事还是一个接一个地讲着。人们用手帕擦着眼睛，但这些泪水是因为大笑
而流出来的，
而不是因为悲伤。
然后，
举办了葬礼后的早餐，
只有受到邀请的人才能参加。
早餐时来
的是十二位亨利最亲近的朋友。
亨利
·
格朗德请他的哥哥科林来宣读他的遗嘱。亨利的一生都是负债累
累，不是吗？他在遗嘱里能有什么遗产可以留下呢？
2
Colin cleared his throat, “Ahem! If you
are ready, ladies and gentlemen.”
Every
one settled down and waited
silently. Colin
opened the will, and
began to read it out in a singsong voice.
3
“I, Henry
Ground, being of sound mind ... last will and
testament... do hereby bequeath...”
科林清清嗓子。
“
啊！女士们，先生们，你们
是否准备好了。
”
每个人都坐了下来
，静静地等着。科林打开遗嘱，开始用一种节
奏单调的语气念起来。
“
我，亨利
·
< br>格朗德，在神志正常的情况下立此遗嘱
……
把
……
留给
……”
4
The legal phrases came out slowly one
after another, and the audience grew impatient to
get to the important part. It came
soon
enough. When Colin announced that Henry Ground,
though known as a good-for-nothing, had invested
his money very
wisely, and was in fact
worth at least three-quarters of a million,
everyone gasped. But who was going to get it?Eyes
narrowed
and throats went dry.
那些法律条款一条条慢慢地念了
出来，在场的人都焦急地等待着遗嘱中重要的部分。这部分出来得也足够快的了。科林宣布
亨利，虽然以游手好闲著称，却很精明
地用他的钱进行了投
资，事实上，他拥有至少
75
万英镑的财产，这时，每个人都屏
住了呼
吸。但是谁将得到这笔钱呢？人们的眼睛眯成一条缝，嗓子发干。
5
“You are all
such dear friends of mine,” Colin went on reading
out Henry Ground's words
in a flat
tone, which, if they weren't
silence,
you could have heard
a pin drop. He
went on, “So, dear friends, I have set you a
little competition. Each of
you in turn
must tell the funniest joke he or she
can think of, and the one who gets the most
laughter will get all my money. Colin will be the
judge of the best
joke.
”
so
interested, would have sent everyone to sleep,
“that
I cannot decide which of you to
leave my money to
.” Colin paused. In
the
“
你们都是我如此亲爱的朋友，
”
科
林继续用他那平淡的语调朗读亨利
·
格朗德的遗嘱，
如果不是遗嘱上的字让大家感兴趣的话，
这种调子肯定会让他们个个进入梦
乡，
“
我也不能决定要把钱留给哪一位。
”
科林停下来。
此时餐厅里十分安
静，
针掉在地上都能听
得见。他继续读，
“
因此，亲爱的朋友们，我给你们安排了一个小小的比赛。你们每人都讲一个你们能想
到的最滑稽的笑话，而谁
的笑话最笑人谁就将得到我的钱。由科林评出最佳笑话。
”
that you go in alphabetical order of
surnames?”
6
“So, ladies and gentlemen,” said Colin,
putting the will down on the table,
“
it's up to you now. Who will go first?
May I suggest
“
所以，
女士们，
先生们，
”
科林把遗嘱放在桌子上说，
“
现在就看你们的了。
谁先第一个讲？可不可以按姓氏的字
母顺序进行？
”
7
The first person stood up and told a
very funny joke about an Englishman who fell in
love with his umbrella. When he
finished,
he was in tears of laughter,
for he always laughed at hnnis own jokes. The rest
of the group remained dead silent. You could tell
from their faces and their eyes that
they found the joke fuy, but not one of them was
going to laugh, and give him the chance to
made a cartoon of it. When she sat
down, the others buried their faces in their
handkerchiefs, coughed, pretended to
that make your sides ache. And nobody
dared to laugh.
win the competition.
The second told a story about a three-legged
pig,which was so good that, some years later, a
film company
sneeze,dropped pencils
under the table
—
anything to
cover up their laughter. And so it went on, joke
after joke, the sort of jokes
第一个人站起来，讲了一个很滑稽的笑话，是关于一个
英国男人爱上了他的雨伞的故事。他讲完后，笑得眼泪都留了出来，他
这个人总是爱对自
己讲的笑话大笑不
止。其他人都保持着死一般的沉默。从他们
的脸色和眼神中你可以看出笑话很滑稽，但他们
谁也不想笑出来，谁都不想给他取胜的机
会。第二个讲的是关于一个三条
腿的猪的故事。这个故事太好
了，甚至在几年后被一家
电影公司拍成了动画片。她坐下来时，其他人不是用手绢捂住脸
，就是咳嗽，或是假装打喷嚏，或是让铅笔掉
到桌子下，用各
种
各样方式掩盖或者憋着不笑出声来。笑话就这样一个接一个地讲下去，都是些让人笑破
肚皮的笑话。但却没有人敢笑。
8
Well, by the
time the last joke had been told, every one of the
twelve was sitting perfectly still, desperately
holding in the
laughter which was
bursting to get out.
9
Silence. Painful silence.
10
Suddenly,
Colin sneezed. A perfectly ordinary sneeze. Then
he took out a large red handkerchief and blew his
nose.
最后一个笑话讲完了
，十二个人每一个都安静地一动不动地坐在那，拼命憋住实在难以压抑的笑声。
寂静，令人痛苦的寂静。
突然，科林打了个喷嚏。这是个很平常的喷嚏。然后，他拿出
了一块大的红色手帕按鼻子。噗嗤
……
11
That was enough. Someone burst out
laughing, unable to hold it in any longer. That
started the others off. In no
time,everyone was doubled up, tears
streaming from their eyes,their shoulders rising
and falling as wave after wave of laughter
swept the crowd. Of course, they were
not just laughing at the sneeze, nor even at the
twelve jokes. No, they were laughing at
themselves as they realized that Henry
Ground had led them into his last, and the
funniest, practical joke,setting their need to
laugh against their desire for money.
够了，再也憋不住了。有一个人
终于憋不住了，突然大笑起来。这一下让其他人都大笑起来。不一会儿，每个人都笑弯了腰。
笑声此起彼伏，大家笑得眼泪直流，
前仰后合。当然，他
们并不只是为刚才的喷嚏而发笑，也不是笑那十二个笑话。不，他们是
在笑自己，因为亨
利
·
格朗德把他们诱进了他最后的，也是最大的恶作
剧。让他们那想笑的欲望和贪财的想法去争个高低。
12
When, at long last, the laughter died
down, Colin cleared his throat once more.
“I have
been practising that
sneeze for a
week or more.” he said.
“Henry's idea, of course,” he
added,
unnecessarily: all twelve guests realized they had
been set up
beautifully.
很长时间，他们的笑声才停下来。科林又清清嗓子，
“
我为了这个喷嚏已经练习了一个多星期了，
”
他说，
“
当
然，是亨利的想
法，
”
他补充到。不过已经没有必要了，所有的十二个客人都意识到被巧妙地戏弄了一回。
< br>
to know
that your love of laughter finally overcame
your love of money.”
testament.
“
我的朋友们，
”
<
/p>
遗嘱的最后一段开始了，
“
请原谅我，但
我忍不住要最后一次与你们开个小小的玩笑。你们对笑的热爱终于战
胜了对钱的渴望，对
此我感到欣慰。
”
科林停下来，以便大家充分理解这
番话的意思。然后，他宣读了已故的亨利
·
格朗德遗嘱的最后部
分。
13
“My friends,” the last paragraph of the
will began, “forgive me, but I couldn't
resist playing one last little joke on you. It's
good
14
Colin
paused, letting the meaning of the words sink in.
Then he read out the final part of the late Henry
Ground's last will and
15
“My friends,
thank you for letting me have the last laugh. As
for the money: because I
love you all,
my fortune will be divided
equally
among you. Enjoy your share, and think of
me whenever you hear
laughter.”
16
The group fell silent. For the first
time that day, there was a feeling of sadness in
the air.
“
我的朋友们，谢谢你们让我最后笑一笑。至于钱：因为我爱你们所有人，我的遗产将平均分给你们。 拿着自己的那份儿，希
望你们每次听到笑声时都能想起我。
”<
/p>
人们都安静下来。那天他们第一次感到了悲伤的气氛。
Lesson Twelve
Little Things Are Big
Jake
Allsop
Learning Guide
一天午
夜之后，一个来自南美的黑人移民在纽约乘地铁时见到一位拖儿带女，手携提包的白人妇女，且不约而同地在同一
站下
这件
“
小事
”
使他内心久久不能平静
……
车。站台别无他人，他本想伸出友情之手，但在种族分歧如此
之深的国家，又怕引起她的误解。他干脆对她的困难视而不见。然而
1
< br>
It was very late at night on the
eve of Memorial Day. She got on the subway train
at the 34th Street Pennsylvania Station. I
am
children, a boy and a girl, about
three and five years old, following after her. She
was a nice looking white lady in her early
twenties.
这是阵亡将士纪念日的前夕，已经过了午夜时分。她在第
34
大街宾西法尼亚站乘上地铁。我仍在回想她是怎么挤进车厢的，
still trying to remember how she
managed to push herself in with a baby on her
right arm, a traveling bag in her left hand and tw
o
当时她右手抱着婴儿，左手提着个旅行包，两个孩子，一个男孩一个女孩，大约
3
岁和
5
岁，跟在她后面。她是位漂亮的白人妇女，
二十来岁的样子。
2
At Nevins
Street Station, Brooklyn, I saw her preparing to
get off at the next station
—
Atlantic Avenue
—
which happened to
be the place where I had to get off.
Just as it was a problem for her to get on, it was
going to be a problem for her to get off the
train with two small
children to be taken care of, a baby on
her right arm and a medium-sized bag in her left
hand.
< br>到了布鲁克林的内文斯街站，我看见她正准备在下一站大西洋大街下车，那也正好是我准备下车的车站。她 有两个小孩要照
看，右手抱着个婴儿，左手还拿着不大不小的提包，上车不容易，下车也
同样不容易。
3
And there I
was, also preparing to get off at the Atlantic
Avenue, with nothing to take care
of
—
not even the usual
customary
book under my arm.
瞧，我就在那儿，我也正准备在大
西洋大街站下车，手里什么也没拿，就连平时总夹在胳膊下的书也没带。
children on the
long, deserted platform. There were only two
adults on the long platform some time after
midnight on the eve of
last Memorial
Day.
车子驶入大西洋大街车站时，一个白人男子从座位上站了起来，扶着她下车，将孩子们放在那长长的，空旷无 人的站台上。
阵亡将士纪念日前夕的午夜后，长长的站台上只有两个成年人。
American
white man had done? Should I take care of the girl
and the boy, take them by their hands until they
were out of the
4
As the train was entering the Atlantic
Avenue Station, some white man stood up from his
seat and helped her out, placing
the
5
I could see
the steep concrete stairs going down to the Long
Island Railroad or up into the street. Should I
offer my help as the
station?
我看见那陡直的水泥台阶向下直通
长岛铁路，向上直通街道。我要不要像刚才那个美国白人男子那样，帮助她一下呢？我要不
要去照顾一下那个女孩和那个男孩，领着他们的手，直到走出车站呢？
6
Puerto Ricans are a courteous people.
And here I was
—
a Puerto
Rican
—
hours past midnight,
faced with two white children
they went
up the long concrete stairs.
波多黎各人是讲究礼貌的。现在午
夜已过多时，我，一个波多黎各人，面对两个白人孩子和一名白人妇女。她的右手臂抱着
个婴儿，左手提着个包，很明显需要有人帮忙，至少是帮他们登上那长长的水泥台阶。
anybody with a
foreign accent, in a deserted subway station very
late at night?
and a white lady, with a
baby on her right arm and a bag in her left hand,
obviously needing somebody to help them at least
until
7
But how
could I, a Negro and Puerto Rican, approach this
white lady who very likely might be prejudiced
against Negroes and
但是我，一个波多黎各人，又是个黑人，怎么能走近这个白人
妇女呢？她很可能对黑人，或是任何带外国口音的人持有偏见，
而且是在午夜后这个空旷
无人的地铁车站？
bag, two children and a baby on her
right arm?Would she say: Yes, of course, you may
help me? Or would she think bad things
perhaps?What would I do if she screamed
as I went toward her to offer my help?
8
What would she
say? What would be the first reaction of this
white American woman,perhaps coming from a small
town with a
她会说
什么？这个美国白人妇女的第一反应会是什么？可能她是来自一个小城镇，
带着个包，<
/p>
两个孩子，
右手臂还抱着个婴儿？
她会不
会说：好，当然，你可以帮忙吗？或许她会想一些不好的事情。如果我向她走过去帮助她，而她大声喊叫，我该怎
么办？
9
Was I
misjudging her? So many slanders are written every
day in the daily press against Negroes and Puerto
Ricans. I
hesitated for a long, long
minute. The traditional good manners that the most
illiterate Puerto Rican passes on from father to
son
prejudice and chauvinism caused by
the unjust policy of our society today.
我是不是把她想错了？因为在每
天的新闻报导中都有许多消息是反对黑人和波多黎各人的。我犹豫了很长，很长一分钟。一
个大字不识的波多黎各人一代代传下来
的礼貌美德，此刻我
极想表现出来。瞧，现在午夜已过多时，我所面临的形势可能会酿成
一起种族偏见及种族
沙文主义的事件，其根源是现实社会不合理的政策。
10
It
was a long minute. I passed on by her as if I saw
nothing. As if I didn't see that she needed help.
Like a rude animal
walking on two legs,
I just moved on, half running along the long
subway platform, leaving the children and the
woman alone. I
took the steps of the
long concrete stairs in twos until I reached the
street above and the cold air hit my warm face.
were struggling inside me. Here I was,
way past midnight, face to face with a situation
that could very well become an incident of
这一分钟过得太慢了。我从她身边
走过，好像什么都没看见。好像我根本就没有看见她需要帮助，像一个两条腿走路，不懂礼
貌的畜生。我只是继续走着，沿着长长的地铁站台小跑着，把孩子们和那个女人抛在身后。我每步跨两级台阶，
很快来到大街上，
寒冷的夜风吹在我发热的脸上。
11
This is what racism and prejudice and
chauvinism and a divided society can do to the
people and to a nation!
12
Perhaps the lady was not prejudiced
after all. Or not prejudiced enough to scream when
a Negro went toward her in a
deserted
subway station a few hours past midnight. If you
were not prejudiced, I failed you, dear lady. I
know that there is a
chance in a
million that you will read these lines. I am
willing to take that millionth chance. If you were
not prejudiced, I failed you
lady. I
failed you, children. I failed myself to myself.
这就是种族主义、种族歧视、种族
隔离的社会对人民、对国家所产生的后果。
也许这个女人根本就不会歧视？或者，在一个午夜已过多时，
空旷无人的地铁车站，当一个黑人走向她，她根本就不会歧视到
要大声喊叫的程度。如果
你并没有
偏见，亲爱的女士，我有负于你。我知道你读到这篇
小文章的可能性只有百万分之一。我愿意
碰碰这百万分之一的
运气。如果你并没有偏见，我有负于你，女士。我有负于你们，孩子们。我也有负于我自己。
faced with a
situation like that again, I am going to offer my
help regardless of how the offer is going to be
received.
14
Then
I will have my courtesy with me again.
13
I buried my
courtesy early on Memorial Day morning. But here
is a promise that I make to myself here and now;
if I am ever
在阵
亡将士纪念日的凌晨，我掩藏了自己的礼貌。但是，此时此地，我向自己保证：无论何时再遇到这种情况，不管我
的帮助
是否会被接受，我都会帮助别人。
那我就会重新成为一个有礼貌的人。
Lesson Thirteen
Hobbyist
Fredric
Brown
Learning Guide
一家神
秘的药店秘密免费提供毒药，但高价出售解药。店主是怎样提供前者，又是怎样售后者，他的目的何在
?
他的理由充分
吗？仁者见仁，智者见智，你又如
何看呢？
1
“I heard a
rumor,” Sangstrom said, “t
hat you
—” He turned his head and looked about
him to
make absolutely sure that he
and
They were alone, but
Sangstrom dropped his voice just the
same.“—
that you have a completely
undetectable
poison.”
“
我听说
有一个谣传，
”
桑斯特罗姆说，
“
你这儿──
”
他转过头四处看看，确信只有
他和药店老板单独在小药店中。药店老板是
个小个子，年龄在
5
0
岁到
100
岁之间捉摸不定。是只有
他们两个人，但桑斯特罗姆还是压低声音问
:“
──你这里卖一
种别人完全察
觉不到的毒药？
”
2
The druggist nodded. He came around the
counter and locked the front door of the shop,
then walked toward a doorway
behind
t
he counter. “I was about to take a
coffee break,”he said. “Come with me and have a
cup.”
the druggist were
alone in the tiny drugstore. The druggist was a
little man who could have been any age from fifty
to a hundred.
药
店老板点点头。他从柜台走出来，锁上药店的前门，然后走向柜台后面的那扇门。
“
我正要喝咖啡休息一下，
”
他说，
“
跟我来
喝杯咖啡。
”
3
Sangstrom
followed him around the counter and through the
doorway to a back room ringed by shelves of
bottles from floor to
He motioned
Sangstrom to one of the chairs and took the other
himse
lf.“Now,”he said. “Tell
me.
Whom do you want to kill, and
why?”
ceiling.
The druggist plugged in an electric coffee pot,
found two cups and put them on a table that had a
chair on either side of it.
桑斯特罗姆跟着他绕过柜台，穿过门，来到后面一间房里，房
里从地板到天花板到处都是摆满瓶子的架子。老板把一个电咖啡
壶插上电源，找了两个杯
子，放在一张桌上，桌子的两边各有一把椅子。他示意桑斯特罗姆坐在一把椅子上，他自己则坐在另一把
椅子上。
“
现在，
”<
/p>
他说，
“
告诉
我，你想要毒死谁？为什么？
”
4
“Does it matter?” Sangstrom asked.
“Isn't it enough that I pay for —”
5
The druggist
interrupted him with a
n upraised hand.
“Yes, it matters. I must
be convinced
that you deserve what I can give
you
Otherwise
—”he
shrugged.
“
这很重要吗？
”
桑斯特
罗姆问到，
“
我付钱难道还不行吗──？
”
药
店老板抬起手打断了他，
“
是的，很重要。我必须确信你值得我
给你东西。否则──
”
他耸耸肩膀。
6
“All right,” Sangstrom said. “The whom
is my wife. The why —” he started the long he had
quite finished, the
coffee pot had
finished its task and the druggist briefly
interrupted to get the coffee for them. Sangstrom
finished his story.
“
好吧，
”
桑斯特罗姆说，
“
那个人是我妻子。至于为什么──
”
他开始讲述了一个很长的故事。就在他快要讲完的时候，咖啡壶
已经煮好了咖啡，药店老板简短地打断他的话，给他俩倒咖啡。桑斯特罗姆讲完了他的故事。
7
The little druggist nodded. “Yes, I
occasionally give out an undetectable poison. I do
so
freely; I do not charge for it, if I
think
the case is deserving. I have
helped many murderers.”
8
“Fine,”
Sangstrom said. “Please give it to me,
then.”
9
The druggist smiled at him. “I already
have. By the time
the coffee was ready
I had decided that you deserved it. It was, as I
said, free. But there is a price for
the antidote.”
小个子老板点点头，
“
对，我有时是送
一种察觉不到的毒药。是免费的，不收药钱，如果我认为值得。我已经帮过好几个杀人
犯
了。
”
“
太好了，
”
桑斯特罗姆说，
“
那么请你把毒药给我吧。
”
药店老板对他微笑着说：
“
我已经给你了。在咖啡煮开的时候我
就认定你该喝毒药。像我所说的那样，免费。但是解药需要付
钱。
”
10
Sangstrom
turned pale. But he had expected
—
not this, but the
possibility of a double-cross or some form of
blackmail. He
pulled a pistol from his
pocket.
桑斯特罗姆的脸
色变得苍白。虽然他对此完全没有料到，可是对诈骗，或是某种形式的敲诈勒索还是有所准备的。他从衣服口
袋中掏出一把手枪。
11
The little druggist chuckled. “You
daren't use that. Can you find the antidote”
—
he waved at the shelves
—
“among those
go ahead and shoot.
You'll
know the answer within three hours when the poison
starts to work.”
矮个子药店老板低声笑笑说：
“
你不敢开枪。你能找到解药吗？
”
──他朝架子挥挥手──
“
在这几千瓶中？或
许你能找到一种
更快速，更致命的毒药？或者如果你认为我是在吓唬你，你并没有真正中
毒，来吧，开枪吧。
3
个小时之后毒药一发作你就知道答
案了。
”
12
“How much for the antidote?” Sangstrom
growled.
13
“Quite reasonable. A thousand dollars.
After all, a man must live. Even if his
hobby is
preventing murders,
there's no reason why he shouldn't make money at
it, is there?”
“
解毒药多少钱？
”
< br>桑斯特罗姆吼到。
“
很合理。
1000
美元。毕竟，人得生活。即便他的业余爱好是要制止谋
杀，也没有理由不让他以此赚钱啊，对不对？
”
thousands of bottles? Or would you find
a faster,more deadly poison? Or if you think I'm
bluffing, that you are not really
poisoned,
14
Sangstrom
growled and put the pistol down, but within reach,
and took out his after he had the antidote, he'd
still us that pistol. He
counted out a thousand dollars in hundred-dollar
bills and put them on the table.
的
10
张钞票，放在桌上。
桑斯特罗姆咆哮着，把手枪放下，
但放在伸手可及的地方，掏出钱包。也许，在他得到解药后还会用到枪。他数出面值
10
0
元
will write a confession of your
intention
—
your former
intention, I hope
—
to murder
your wife. Then you will wait till I go out and
15
The druggist
made no immediate mo
ve to pick them up.
He said: “And one other thing —
for your
wife's safety and mine. You
mail it to a
friend of mine in the police. He'll keep it as
evidence in case you ever do decide to kill your
wife. Or me, for that matter.
药店老板没有立即去拿钱。他说：
“
另外，──为了你妻子和我的安全，你要写份自白书──我希望是写你以前的打算──
你
要毒死你妻子。然后，你要等我出去
把信寄给我在警察局的一个朋友。他会把它作为证据保留起来，以防你将来什么时候真的决
定要杀害你的妻子，或者因此杀害我。
16
“When that is in the mail it will be
safe for me to return here and give you the
antidote.I'll get you paper and pen..
.
17
“Oh, one other
thing ——
although I do not absolutely
insist on it. Please help spread the word about my
undetectable
poison, will you? One
never knows, Mr. Sangstrom. The life you save, if
you have
any enemies, just might be
your own.”
在我把你的自白书寄出后，我就能安全地回到这里，把解药给你。我给你拿纸和笔
……
哦，还有件事──虽然并不一定要做。我有察觉
不出的毒药。请帮忙传一下这个信息好吗？谁知道呢，要是你有仇人，你救的
没准正是自
己的命呢。
”
Lesson Fourteen
The Mystery of the Silver
Box
Jacques Futrelle
Learning Guide
产品，提高售后服务质量。然而一
些
商家采取不正当的手段拉拢、收买竞争对手的工作人员借以窃取商业情报。格雷森先生的公
司就发生了这种情况，泄密使公司蒙受了巨大损失。他请来了破案专
家，发现秘密原来就在女秘书电话机旁的银匣子里。
1
The
Thinking Machine turned to the worried
businessman,
2
——
that is, a
crime that can be punished by law,
much
as ten million dollars! Briefly, there is an
information leak at my office. My business plans
have become known to others
商场如战场。商战尽管不用刀枪，但企业之间争夺原料、市场
、客户、人才十分激烈。正当、公平的竞争能促使商家不断改进
almost as
soon as I have made them. My plans are large; I
have millions of dollars at stake, and the need
for secrecy is great. For
the smallest
detail, and in time for them to steal my
customers.
years my plans have been
safe, but half a dozen times in the last eight
weeks they have become known to my competitors
——
in
“
思维机器
”
侦探转向焦虑不安的商人说：
“
谈谈你的问题。
”
“
这不是一种犯罪──就是说不是那种能够绳之以法的犯罪行为，
< br>”
格雷森先生说，
“
但却让我损
失了几百万美元，可能有一千万
元那么多！简单地说，我的办
公室有泄密的情况。几乎是我一做好商业计划，马上就会有人知道。我的计划很宏大；我
的几百万
美元正处于危险之中，因此我非常需要商业保密。许多年以来，我
的计划都很安全，但在这过去的八星期，有六次我的计划被我
的竞争对手们所获悉──他们了解最具体的细节，并能及时抢走我的客户。
”
3
4
some new machines. At first
this was a great success; the factory owners truly
liked this on-the-spot service and bought
everything the salesmen
demonstrated.
“<
/p>
请多告诉我些情况，
”“
思维机器
”
说。
“
我制造工厂里使用的机器和工具。
最近，我派推销员到西部的一个新工业区去展示一些新型机器。刚开始，我们获得了巨大
成功；那些开工厂的人确实喜欢这种
?
现场
?
服务，并且购买了所有推销员推销的产品。
5
already sent their salesmen
out to demonstrate their products at a lower
price!
“
< br>但是，突然我的推销员报告说无论他们走到哪里，都已经太晚了。我们最大的商业对手已经派出他们的推销 员以更低的价格
展示他们的产品！
”
6
The Thinking Machine walked to the
window.
—
and when
—
information is leaking
from your
office. Well, to whom do you
tell your business plans?
7
leak began. I have always
trusted her.
8
“
思维机器
”
走到窗前，
“
所以你现在很想知道是什么时候，如何从你的办公室泄露出去的。嗯，你对谁说过你
的商业计划？
”
“
没有人，除了我的私人秘书，伊芙
琳
·
温思罗普。她为我工作六年了；在这件泄密事件之前，她也
已经为我工作有五年多了。
我一直很信任她。
”
“
她是唯一知道你计划的人吗？
”
9
morning they were to go out.
Then I dictated to her in my office some letters
of instructions to my district managers. That is
all
Miss Winthrop knew of my Oklahoma
plan.
to send salesmen to Oklahoma with
new oil drills. My district manager didn't know
this plan. Miss Winthrop heard of it only on
the
“
嗯，我每次下令执行计划几分钟之前她才知道这些计划。例如，本周我计划派推销员去俄克拉何马州销售新型油
井钻头。我
的地区经理并不知道这个计划。温思
罗普小姐只是在他们早上要出发时才知道的。然后，我在办公室向她口授了几封说明书给我
的地区经理们。那就是温思罗普小姐所了解的全部的俄克拉何马计划。
”<
/p>
10
11
12
“
在那些信中，你把计划按照提纲列出来的吗？
”
“
不
，它们只是告诉我的经理们我想派哪些推销员到俄克拉何马州以及各种钻头的价格。
”<
/p>
“
不过一个精明的人要是了解了所有信件的内容就有可能从中弄清你的意图，对不对？
”
13
managerstelling me of the
unbeatable offers from my competitor.
“
没错，但是，没有人知道所有信的
内容。只有温思罗普小姐和我知道那些信里是什么。温思罗普小姐和我一整天都没有离开
办公室。而且，下班前，我接到我的两个经理打来的电话，告诉我我的竞争对手提出的无法与之竞争的报价。
”
what was in them all.
Neither Miss Winthrop nor I left the office all
day. Yet before the day ended, I received phone
calls from two
14
15
16
The
Thinking Machine went to a desk, addressed an
envelope, got a sheet of paper and placed it
inside, and sealed the
envelope. Then
he turned back to Mr. Grayson, “Let us
go
to see Miss Winthrop
now,” he said.
17
From the office door, The Thinking
Machine went straight to Miss Winthrop's desk and
handed her the envelope.
Matthews asked
me to give you this,
“
你的竞争对手叫什么名字？
”
“
拉尔夫
·
马修斯，
”
< br>格雷森说。
“
思维机器
”
走到桌前，写
好一个信封，放进一张纸，封好信封。然后，他转向格雷森先生说：
“
< br>现在咱们去看看温思罗普小姐。
”
“
思维机器
”
从办公室门口直接走向温思罗普小姐的办公桌前，
递给她信封
。
“
拉尔夫
·
马修斯先生让我将这封信交给你，
”
他说道。
< br>
18
The young woman glanced up at his face
frankly, took the envelope, and turned it
curiously in her hand.
Matthews,
envelope and took
out the paper.
这个年轻的女子坦然地看了他一眼，接过信封，好奇地将信在手中转了一下。
“
拉尔夫
·
马修斯，
”<
/p>
她重复了一遍这个名字，好像
这名字十分陌生，
< br>“
我想我不认识他。
”
尽管如此
，她还是打开信封，将信纸拿出来。
“
怎么，是一张白纸！
”
她惊讶地说。
asked The Thinking Machine.
19
The detective
turned suddenly to Mr. Grayson who had looked on
with frank astonishment.
20
He picked the receiver of Miss
Winthrop's phone and held it to his ear a moment.
“
It's
busy,
”
he said. He hung up,
pausing
for a moment to admire a
beautiful silver box right beside the
telephone.
侦探突然转
向满脸吃惊的格雷森先生说，
“
我可以用一下电话吗？
” “
思维机器
”
说。
他拿起
温思罗普小姐的电话拿起来，放到耳边听了一会儿说：
“
现在占
线。
”
他挂上电话，停了一会儿，欣赏着放在电话机旁边
的一个漂亮的银匣子。
“
谢谢你，温思罗普小
姐。
”
他说着离开了房间。
21
Back in Mr. Grayson's office, the
detective told him to ask Miss Winthrop to take
some dictation the next morning at
9
∶
45.
And that
night, he arranged for a secret extension to be
attached to Miss Winthrop' s phone. The next
morning he was at the
secretary's desk.
extension, pencil in hand, while Mr.
Grayson carried out his orders. A little later, he
asked the businessman to go with him to the
回到格雷森先生的办公室，侦探告
诉他让温思罗普小姐在第二天早上
9
：
45
做个口述记录。当天晚上，经他策划，在温思罗普
小姐的电
话上接了一个秘密分机。第二天早晨，当格雷森先生执行他的命令时，侦探听着分机，手中拿着笔。一会儿，他要
求商人
同他一起到秘书桌前。
22
23
The
girl stopped her no
isy typing and rose
from her chair, trembling. “What do you
mean, sir?” she demanded
weakly.
24
connection.
“
你根本就认识拉尔夫
·
马修斯。
”
他说，同时把
他带来的那张纸扔在她的桌上。
那女子停止了发出噪音的打字，浑身颤抖着从椅子上站起来。
“
先生，您这是什么意思？
”
她无力地问
。
“<
/p>
你不妨把这银匣子拿掉吧，
”“
思维机器
”
继续说，
“
没有必要再把电话接起来了。
”
Lesson Fifteen
Unreality of TV
Art Buchwald
Learning Guide
电视是
20
世纪影响人们生活的重要发明，
然而电视也带来不少问题，尤其是对青少年。
许多人认为电视对青少年的负面影响莫
这才是电视对孩子们最大的毒害。<
/p>
how television
gives children a false sense of reality.
过于暴力。而本文作者认为，电
视节
目给青少年展现的是一个虚幻世界，使他们在耳濡目染、潜移默化之中，变得不能面对现实，
1
Dr. Heinrich Applebaum
recently completed a study on the effects of
television on children. It is not about violence,
but about
海因里希<
/p>
·
阿普尔鲍姆博士最近完成了一项关于电视节目对儿童影响的调查
报告。这种影响不是暴力，而是电视节目给孩子们
造成对现实的错觉。
< br>
2
Dr. Applebaum
told me, “The greatest danger of television is
that it presents a world to
children
that doesn't exist, and leads
them to
expect things that never happen.”
阿普尔鲍姆博士告诉我：
“
电视最大的危险
是它所展示给孩子们的是那个并不存在的世界，
使得他们期盼永远也不会发生的事。
”
3
“I
don't understand, Doctor,” I said.
4
“Well, let me
give you one example. Have you ever seen a
television show where a
person in a car
doesn't immediately find a
parking place
on the very first try?”
5
“Come to think
of it,” I said, “I haven't.”
我说：
“
我不明白，博士。
”
“
那么我
给你举个例子。你看见过电视节目中坐在汽车里的人不能头一次就马上找到一个停车的地方吗？
< br>”
“
真的，想想还真是的，
”
我说，<
/p>
“
我是没看见过。
”
6
“Not only is there always a parking
place, but the driver doesn't even have to back
into it.
There are two parking spaces
for
him when he needs one. Children are
being led to believe that when they grow up they
will always be able to find a parking
place
around a block for three hours and
still can't find a place to park their
car.”
视正让孩子们相信，长大以后，无论
何时何地想停车，都能找到空车位。你可以想像得出，当他们发现现实生活中在一个楼区内
转
3
个小时还找不到一个地方来停车，那时他们的感觉会多坏
。
”
7
“I never
thought of it, but it's true. What else do they
show on television which gives a
distorted picture of the real
world
?”
8
“Have you
noticed that whenever a person walks out of a
restaurant or o
ffice building
and says to the doorman, ?Get me a
taxi,' the taxi immediately arrives? I
have never seen a
TV show where the
doorman has said, ?I'm sorry. I can't get you a
taxi.
You'd better take
the
bus.'”
available when
and
where they want it. You
can imagine how bad they will feel when they
discover that in real life they can drive
“
那里
不但总有一个空车位，而且开车的人还不用费事就能把车倒进去。当他需要一个空车位时，就会有两个是留给他的
。电
“
我
从来没想到这一点，但是，它是事实。电视上还播放哪些歪曲真实世界的画面呢？
”
“
你注意到没有？不管一个人什么时候从餐馆或办公楼出来对门卫说：
?<
/p>
给我叫辆出租车！
?
出租车就会招之即来
。我在电视节目
中从来没有看见一个门卫说：
?
对不起，我叫不到车，您最好乘公共汽车。
?”
9
“Of course,” I said, “I never noticed
that. There is always a yellow taxi
waiting
somewhere off the TV
screen.”
10
“Now,” said Applebaum, “have you ever
said to a taxi driver,?Follow that car
and
don't lose
him'
?”
11
“Not
really.”
“
当然，
”
我说，
“
我从未注意过。荧屏外总有一辆黄色出租车在待命。
< br>”
“
现在，
”
阿普尔鲍姆说，
“
你曾经对出租车司机
说过
?
跟着那辆车，别让那人溜了
?<
/p>
吗？
”
“
真没有过。
”
means he's going to get into trouble.
But on TV every taxi driver looks as if he had
nothing better to do than to drive 90 miles an
hour through rain-swept street trying
to keep up with a carful of gangsters. And the
worst thing is that the kids
believe
it.”
12
“Well, if y
ou had, the
driver would have told you not to talk nonsense.
No taxi driver wants to follow another car because
that
“
嗯，如果你有过，司机会叫你别胡扯。没有哪个出租车司机愿意跟踪别的车，因为这将意味着他要有麻烦了。 但在电视节目
中，出租车司机好像没有别的事情可
干，个个都愿意以每小时
90
英里的速度在大雨滂
沱的马路上奔驰，尾随满载歹徒的车辆。而
最糟糕的是孩子们都相信这是真的。
”
13
“What else
have you discovered?”
14
“Kids have a
false sense of what emergency wards of hospitals
are really like. On
TV shows they take
a kid to an emergency
ward and four
doctors come rushing down to bandage his leg. In a
real life situation the kid would be sitting on
the bench for two
hours before he even
saw a nurse. On TV there always happens to be a
hospital bed available when a kid needs it. What
the kids
in this country don't know is
that sometimes you have to wait three days to get
a hospital bed and then you have to pay 500
dollars down before they
give it to you.”
“
你还发现了什么？
”
“
孩子们对医院里急救室的真实情况也会产生错觉。在电视节目中，他们带着一个孩
子来到急救室，四个医生赶紧过来给他的
腿进行包扎。在现实生活中，这孩
子会坐在长凳上等两个小时才能见到一位护士。在电视节目中，当一个孩子
需要病床时，医院
里总是碰巧有一张床空着。美国的孩子们不知道的是有时需要等三天才
能得到一张病床，然后，在他们给你病床前，你必须先付
500
美元。
”
15
Applebaum said the cruelest lie of all
is when TV shows a lawyer defending someone
innocent of a crime.
16
“On the screen the lawyer spends day
and night looking for evidence to prove
the
person is innocent. In real life
the lawyer
says to the defendant,
?Look, I've got 20 minutes.
Tell me
your story and then I'11 plead you guilty and make
a deal with the D. A.
'”
' The
defendant might say,
?But I' m innocent. ' The lawyer would
say,?
So what? I can't afford to find
that out. I'm not Perry Mason.
阿普尔鲍姆说最残酷的谎言就是电
视节目表现一位律师为一个无辜的被告进行辩护。
“
荧屏上，律师夜以继日地查找证据
以证明被告无罪。在现实生活中，律师会对被告说：
?
看，我只
有
20
分钟的时间，赶紧把你
的情况告
诉我，我按你有罪为
你辩护，然后与地方检查官做笔交易了事
。
?
被告人可能会说：
?
但我是无辜的。
?
律师就会说：
?
那又
怎么样？我可赔不起时间去给你查清楚，我又不是佩
里
·
梅
森。
?”
17
“Then what you're saying, Dr.
Applebaum, is that it isn't t
he
violence on TV but the
unreality that
is doing harm to children.”
18
“Exactly. Even
the advertisements are harmful. Children are led
to believe that when
they grow up if
they use a certain
difficult situation
and many of them never come out of
it.”
“
那么，阿普尔鲍姆博士，你的意思是并不是电视节目里的暴力，而是不真实性对孩子
们有危害。
”
“
完全正确。甚至广告也有毒害作用。孩子们都相信，当他们长大成人之后，如果他们使用某种牙膏，就会找到 他们的梦中伴
侣。在整夜的刷牙之后，并不能找到她或他，他们就会陷入苦闷之中，而且
其中很多人永远也摆脱不出来。
”
mouthwash
they'll find the mate of their dreams. When they
don't find him or her after washing their mouth
all night, they fall into a
Lesson
Sixteen
Remembering Tracy
Bill
Polly Bannister
Learning Guide
官。他的肝脏使一个患有不治之症
的
青年重新获得生命。两对夫妇的见面感人肺腑。年轻夫妇理解捐献者父母的情操与心情，年
长夫妇看到儿子的器官活在另一人体内而感到欣慰，他们高尚的思想境
界令人敬佩。
一次偶然的事故把素不相识的两个
家庭联系起来。在爱子弥留之际，母亲想起儿子生前的愿望，与丈夫一起决定捐献儿子的器
1
This year, my husband
David and I celebrated the 22nd birthday of a man
we had never met. His name was Tracy Bill
Marsh,
a tall handsome young man who
worked in a pizza shop. Last summer, he was
supposed to have been best man at his
brother's
wedding. But on the night of
December 8, 1992, Tracy got off work and stood in
the pizza shop's parking lot talking to friends.
and fell. His head struck the pavement,
hard.
Tracy jumped up on the hood of a
friend's car, as they had done a hundred times
before. This time, though, Tracy lost his
balance
今年，我和丈夫
戴维为一个从未谋面的青年庆祝了他的
22
岁生日。他叫特蕾西
·
比尔
·
马什
，个子高高，长得很帅，在一家比萨
饼店上班。去年夏天，他本该在
他哥哥的婚礼上当伴郎。但是
1992
< br>年
12
月
8
日晚，特蕾西下了班，站在比萨饼店的停车场与朋友
2
One of his
friends rushed inside to call an ambulance, then
he phoned Tracy's father,Bill Marsh. Bill raced to
the hospital,
where he was joined by
Tracy's mother, Cory. She knew from the way the
doctors talked that there was little hope. Tracy
had a
broken skull
—
one doctor said he had
never seen one so bad.
聊天。特蕾西跳到朋友汽车的车盖上，这种事他们以前干过上
百次。然而这次，特蕾西却失去平衡摔了下来。头重重地磕在地上。
他的一个朋友冲进店里打电话叫救护车，然后又给他的
父亲比尔
·
马什打了电话。比尔火速赶到医院，看见妻子科里也
在那儿。
从医生们交谈的神色中她知道希望渺茫。特蕾西的头骨摔裂，一位医生说他从来
没见过摔得这么厉害的病例。
3
Standing next
to her son, Cory remembered that Tracy had once
mentioned organ donation. Maybe I can spare
another
family this sorrow, she
thought. When the time came,she and Bill signed
the forms permitting his organs to be taken out.
4
Tracy Bill
Marsh died the next day. Twenty-four hours later,
in a Boston hospital, Tracy's liver was
transplanted into my
husband, David,
who was suffering from an incurable liver
disease.
科里站在儿子的身边，想起他曾提到过捐献器官。她想也许我能免去另一个家庭失去亲人的痛苦。到了
该做决定的时候，她和
比尔在表格上签了字，允许把特蕾西的器官取出。
第二天，特蕾西
·
比尔
·
马什死了。
24
小时后，在波士顿一家医院里，特蕾西的肝脏被移植给了我
的丈夫戴维，他当时正得了一
种无法治愈的肝病。
5
Months after his operation, David and I
sent our unknown donor family letters in care of
the New England Organ Bank. As
information about donors was kept
secret, we could not know where and to whom to
send our thanks. But the donor's parents
—
to bring together two
families linked by the most bittersweet
relationship.
手术几个月后，我和戴维通过新英格兰器官库向素不相识的器官捐献者家属转交了信件。由于捐献者的情况是保密
的，我们
不知道将我们的感谢信寄往何处，寄给
谁。但是，捐献者的父母却希望见见那个通过儿子器官捐献而获得生命的人。因此，器官
库第一次同意把以最典型的既苦又甜的关系联系起来的两个家庭带到一起。
6
We were to meet Bill and Cory Marsh in
a hotel room about halfway between our and I
arrived an hour before
the meeting. I
placed fresh flowers, drinks, cheese and crackers
on a table.
wished to meet someone who
had gained life through the gift of their son's
organs, so the organ bank agreed
—
for the first time
我们被安排在两家之间的一家旅馆
的房间与比尔和科里
·
马什见面，我和戴维提前了一个小时到达
那里。我在桌上摆放了鲜花，
饮料，奶酪和饼干。
7
When the door opened, my heart stopped.
We saw a middle-aged couple. For a few seconds, we
stood staring at one another
let go.
Bill's
first words to David were “Are
you okay?”
8
I hugged Bill and saw tears behind his
glasses. “That's it for the tears,” he said, it
wasn't.
Then Cory and I
hugged. Bill held out his hand to shake David's.
His grip was electric, and David could feel that
he didn't want to
< br>门开时，我几乎停止了心跳。我们看到了一对中年夫妇。好几秒钟，我们都站着凝视着对方。而后，我和科 里拥抱在一起。比
尔伸出手去握戴维的手。他激动地紧紧握住，戴维都能感觉到他不愿松
手。比尔对戴维说的第一句话就是：
“
你还好吧？
”
< br>我拥抱了比尔，看见他眼镜后的泪水。他笑着说：
“
这是
我最后一次流泪。
”
但这并不是。
—
and something of how he had lived. He was a
generous, goodhearted young man who loved the
outdoors and was never
happier than
when he was working under the hood of his car.
Evenings, Tracy and his friends would set up
floodlights in the
a car rolling down a
mountain road.
我们谈了
3
个半小时。马什夫妇给我们看了一张特蕾西的照片
。我们第一次了解到他是怎么死的以及他生前的一些情况。他是
个慷慨大方，心地善良的
年轻人，喜
欢户外活动，最高兴干的事就是钻在车盖下捣鼓他
那辆车。一到傍晚，特蕾西和他的朋友们
就会在车库里支起聚光灯来修车，而比尔和科里
则在小伙子们捣鼓汽车时
的笑声中进入梦乡。特蕾西的墓碑上
刻有一辆沿着山路
向下疾驶的小轿车。
10
We learned something about Bill and
Cory, too. Cory can't bring herself to throw out
Tracy's best-loved pair of blue jeans,
morning to Tracy.
9
We talked for 3
hours and a half. The Marshes showed us a picture
of Tracy Bill. We learned for the first time how
he had died
garage, and Bill and Cory
would go to sleep listening to the boys' laughter
as they repaired cars. Carved on Tracy's
gravestone is
and she avoids the
supermarket aisles that carry his favorite foods.
Every morning, as she gets in her car for work,
she says good
我
们还了解到一些有关比尔和科里的事情。
科里舍不得扔掉特蕾西最喜爱的牛仔裤，
在超市购物时总是避开两边摆放着他爱吃
的食品的通道。每天早晨，当
她钻进汽车去上班时，都会对特蕾西说声早上好。
11
Bill and Tracy shared a love of stock-
car racing. I said that David, while recovering
from his operation, had renewed an old
interest in stock-car racing. I
mentioned that recently David got this crazy idea
of taking a course somewhere down south where
he could learn to drive a
stock-
car. Bill said instantly, “Tracy
Bill would have loved that.”
比尔和特蕾西都有将普通汽车改装
成赛车进行比赛的爱好。
我告诉他们戴维在手术后疗养过程中又重新有了以前这种对赛车
的
兴趣。我还提到戴维最近有个疯狂的想法，那就是到南部的什么地方学习驾驶改装的赛
车。比尔立刻说：
“
特蕾西
?
比尔一定喜欢这
样。
”
12
When it was time to leave, we felt
awkward. Enough had been disclosed about our lives
to stay in touch. Now David and I
know
where to send our prayers. For the Marshes, seeing
David and knowing he was well seemed to ease their
suffering. I'll
never forget seeing the
tall David bending over Cory, her arms stretched
around his waist as a mother would hug a son. For
a
long time they held each other tight.
It was hard to know if she was saying hello or
goodbye.
13
Maybe
she was saying both.
要离开时，我
们觉得局促不安。关于双方的生活情况，我们相互倾诉了不少，足以使我们保持联系。现在我和戴维知道该为谁<
/p>
祈祷了。对马什夫妇来说，看到戴维
并
知道他很健康似乎减轻了他们的痛苦。我将永远不会忘记这个情景：高大的戴维弯下身来，
科里像母亲搂着儿子那样用双臂搂着他的腰。他们紧紧地拥抱了很长时
间。很难说她是在问好还是在道别。
或许两者兼而有之。
综合英语（一）下
Lesson One
The Story of an Hour
Kate Chopin
Learning Guide
一位已婚女士闻其丈夫惨死于火车事故，不顾自己衰弱的心脏
能否经受得住，当即入放声痛哭，随后又不顾亲友的劝告将自己
锁在屋内。她推开窗子，
迎来外面
雨后的一片春意盎然。那充满生机的景象突然唤醒了
长期隐藏在她心底深处的愿望，她感到了
身心从未有过的自由。正当她憧憬着未来的自由
时
……
1
They knew that Louise Mallard had a
weak heart. So they broke the bad news gently. Her
husband, Brently, was dead.
他们知道路易丝
·
< br>马拉德的心脏不太好，所以把坏消息告诉她时非常小心。她的丈夫布伦特里死了。
2
“There was a train accident, Louise,”
said her sister Josephine, quietly.
3
Her husband's
friend, Richards, brought the news, but Josephine
told the story. She spoke in broken sentences.
4
“Richards… was
at the newspaper office. News of the accident
came. Louise… Louise,
Brently's name
was on the list.
Brently…was killed,
Louise.”
“
出了一次火车事故，路易丝。
”
< br>姐姐约瑟芬轻声说道。
<
/p>
带来消息的是她丈夫的朋友理查兹，但告诉她的是约瑟芬。约瑟芬在讲述时语不成句。
“
理查兹当时正在报社，
消息传了过来。
路易丝<
/p>
……
路易丝，
死者的名单上有布伦特里的
名字。
布伦特里
……
遇难了，
路易丝。
”
5
Louise did not
hear the story calmly, like some women could not
close her mind or her heart to the news. Like a
went to her room alone. She would not
let anyone follow her.
sudden storm,
her tears broke out. She cried, at once, loudly in
her sister's arms. Then, just as suddenly, the
tears stopped. She
路易丝听到这个噩耗，没有像有些妇女所可能表现的那样平静
。她不可能做到无动于衷。泪水像突如其来的暴雨，夺眶而出。
6
In front of the window stood a large,
comfortable armchair. Into this she sank and
looked out of the window. She was
physically exhausted after her tears.
Her body felt cold; her mind and heart were
empty.
她立时呼号起来，在姐姐的怀里放声大哭。随后
她的泪水就像它们突然来时的那样又突然止住了。她独自走进自己的房间，不让任
何人跟
着进去。
7
Outside her window she could see the
trees. The air smelled like spring rain. She could
hear someone singing far away.
Birds
sang near the house. Blue sky
showed between the clouds. She rested.
窗前放着一把又大又舒适的扶手椅。她疲惫地坐到椅子上，向
窗外望去。哭过之后，她筋疲力尽。她浑身冰凉，脑子里和心里
一片空白。
窗外，她能看到一片
树木，空气闻起来就像春雨过后。她还能听到远处有人在唱歌，房子附近也有鸟儿在歌唱，白云间露出一
片片蓝天。她平静了下来。
8
She
sat quietly, but a few weak tears still fell. She
was young, with a fair, calm face that showed a
certain strength. But now
there was a
dull stare in her eyes. She looked out of the
window at the blue sky. She was not thinking, or
seeing. She was
waiting.
她静静地坐着，
又有几滴泪水掉落下
来。
她很年轻，
白皙安详的脸上显露出一种毅力。
但此时此刻，
她的眼神中没有一丝生气。
她望着窗外
的蓝天。她不是在想，也不是在看，而是在等待。
9
There was something coming to her and
she was waiting for it with fear. What was it? She
did not know. It was too subtle to
name. But she felt it creeping out of
the sky. It was reaching her through the sound,
the smell, the color that filled the air.
什么东西正向她靠近，她恐惧地等
待着。是什么呢？她不知道。那东西太微妙，说不清楚。但是她感到它正从天边而来，透过
空气中的声音、气息和颜色正在逼近她。
approaching to take her.
She tried to beat it back with her will, but
failed. Her mind was as weak as her two small
white hands.
When she stopped fighting
against it, a little word broke from her lips.
10
Slowly she
became excited. Her breath came fast; her heart
beat faster. She was beginning to recognize the
thing that was
慢慢地，她变得兴奋起来，呼吸急促，心跳加快。她开始意识到正向她逼近要控制她的是什么东西。她试图用自己
的意志力把
这种朦胧的意识打回去，但毫无用处。她的意志就像她那纤细白皙的双手，脆
弱无力，不能将其推开。当她干脆任其自由发展时，
从她的双唇间蹦出一个词。
11
“Free,” she
whispered. “Free, free, free!” The dull stare and
look of fear went from her
eyes. They
stayed keen and bright.
Her heart beat
fast, and the blood warmed and relaxed every inch
of her body. A sudden feeling of joy held her.
“
自由了
，
”
她低语道，
“
自由了，自由了，自由了！
”
茫然的目光和恐惧的神色一扫
而光。她的目光又敏锐、闪亮起来。她的心
跳加快，血液沸腾，全身轻松了下来。她感到
一种突如其来的欢悦。
12
She did not
ask if her joy was wrong. She saw her freedom
clearly and could not stop to think of smaller
things.
13
She
knew that she would weep again when she saw her
husband's body. The kind hands, now dead and
still. The loving
face, now fixed and
gray. But she looked into the future
and
saw many long years to
come that would belong to her alone. And
now she opened and
spread her arms out to those years in
welcome.
她想都没想这种欢悦的心情是否正当。今后的自由清清楚楚地展现在她的面前，别的都是小事，无暇顾
及。
她
知道她看到丈夫的遗体时还会哭。那亲切的双手再也不能挥动，那可爱的脸庞变得呆滞而又苍白。但她看到了未来
，看到了
将来长远的岁月，那只属于她的岁月。她张开双臂，欢迎那美好的岁月。
14
There would be
no one else to live for during those years. She
would live for herself alone. There would be no
powerful will
this was wrong and that
she could break away and be free of it.
bending hers. Men and women always
believe they can tell others what to do and how to
think. Suddenly Louise understood that
在那些岁月里，她将不再为其他任何人而活着，只为她自己。
那时再也没有人使自己屈从于他的意志。人们总是认为他们可以
叫其他人做什么，叫其他
人如何思考。路易丝突然明白这是错误的，她完全可以从中摆脱出来。
stronger than
love.
16
“Free!
Body and soul free!” she kept
whispering.
15
And yet, she had loved him
—
sometimes. Often she had
did love mean now? Now she understood that freedom
is
然而她曾经爱过他
——
有的时候。更多的时候她又不爱他。爱到底意味着什么？现在她知道自
由比爱情更加强烈，更加重要。
“
自由了！彻底自由了！
”
她不停地低声
说道。
17
Her sister
Josephine was waiting outside the door.
18
“Please open
the door,” Josephine cried. “You will make
yourself sick. What are you
doing in there, Louise? Please, please,
let me in !”
19
“Go away. I am not making myself sick.”
No, she was drinking in life t
hrough
that open window.
姐姐约瑟芬在门外等着。
“
请开门
，
”
约瑟芬大声喊道。
“
你会把自己弄病的。你到底在里面干什么，路易丝？请，请让我进去！
”
“
走开。我不会把自己弄病的。
”
是的，她不会。
透过敞开的窗户，她正在领略着窗外生命的气息，体验着生命的美好。
20
She thought joyfully of all those days
before her. Spring days, summer days. All kinds of
days that would be her own. She
began
to hope life would be long. It was only yesterday
that life seemed so long !
21
After a while
she got up and opened the door. Her eyes were
bright; her cheeks were red. She didn't know how
strong and
well she looked
—
so full of joy. They went
downstairs, where Richards was waiting.
她高兴地想着以后的日子。
春天，
夏天，
所有属于她自己的日子。
她开始渴望长寿，
而就在昨天她还嫌生命漫长，
看不到尽头！
过了一会，她起身
把门打开。她的眼睛炯炯有神，她的脸颊很红润。她不知道她的身体看起来是多么地健康
——
充满了喜悦。
她们下了楼，理查兹在楼下等着。
22
Someone was
opening the door. It was Brently Mallard, who
entered, looking dirty and tired, carrying a
suitcase and an
was not killed in the
accident. He didn't even know there had been one.
He stood surprised at Josephine's sudden
cry. He didn't understand why Richards
moved suddenly between them, to hide Louise from
her husband.
道发生了车祸。他愣在那里，对约瑟芬的惊叫感到诧异。他
不理解理查兹为什么突然站到他们中间，把路易丝挡起来。
23
But Richards was too late.
24
When the
doctors came, they said she had died of heart
disease
—
of joy that kills.
有人在开门。进来的是布伦特里
·
<
/p>
马拉德，他满面风尘，手提着一只旅行箱并拿着把雨伞。他没有在事故中遇难，他甚至不知
当医生
赶到时，他们说她死于心脏病
——
死于心脏承受不了的喜悦。<
/p>
但是理查兹太晚了。
Lesson Two
In the Laboratory
Samuel H. Scudder
Learning Guide
的鱼，竟让他用肉眼整整观察了
<
/p>
三天。然而他所学到的东西使他终身受益。对学生有问必答、有求必应、事无巨细一概包揽
的就
是个好老师吗
?
能把老师的知识全
部学到的就是好学生吗
?
俗话说严
<
/p>
师出高徒。师应严在何处
?
徒又高在哪里
?
仔细品味本文，你一
定会有所收获。
history.
我走进阿加西斯教授的实验室，告
诉他我已经在自然科学学院报了名，专业是生物学。
2
3
“
你想什么时候开始？
”
“
就现在
，
”
我答道。
4
This seemed to please him, and with an
energetic
美国著名昆
虫学家塞缪尔
·
斯卡德记叙了多年前他初进哈佛读书，
在阿加西斯教授的实验室学习的一段难忘的经历：
一条作标本
1
I entered Professor
Agassiz's laboratory, and told him I had enrolled
my name in the Scientific School as a student of
natural
alcohol.
said nothing
and began to work immediately.
for
gazing at a fish did not seem to be challenging
enough to an eager student, and the alcohol had a
very unpleasant smell. But I
这好象让他很高兴，他精神饱满地说了句
< br>“
好极了
”
，就伸手从架子上取
下一只大瓶子，里面的黄色酒精中浸泡着标本。
“
把这
条鱼拿去，
”
他说，
“
仔细观察观
察，过一会我再问问你看
到了些什么。
”
说完他就离开了。我很失望，因为对于一个求知
欲很强的
学生来说，老盯着一条鱼看并不富有挑战性，而且酒精也发出一股
难闻的气味。但我什么话也没说，立即开始了工作。
5
In ten minutes I had seen all that
could be seen in the fish, and started to look for
the Professor
—
who had,
however, left. Half
an hour passed
—
an hour
—
another hour; the fish
began to look disgusting. I turned it over and
around; looked it in the face
—
ghastly; from
behind, beneath, above, sideways
—
just as ghastly. I must
not use a magnifying glass, nor instruments of any
kind.
Just my two hands, my two eyes,
and the fish: it seemed a most limited field of
study. With a feeling of desperation again I
looked
until I was convinced that was
nonsense. At last a happy thought struck
me
—
I would draw
the fish; and now with surprise I
began
to discover new features in the
creature. Just then the Professor
returned.
我用十分钟就把鱼身上能看到的东西全看了，然后开始找教授，然而他已经离开了。半个小时，一
个小时，再一个小时过去
了，
那条鱼
显得叫人厌恶。我把它翻过来，转过去，再正面看看，毫无气色，死一样的苍白；从后看，从下看，从上看，从侧
面
看都一样。我不准用放大镜，不准用任何
< br>仪器。只有我的两只手，两只眼睛，还有鱼，这个研究范围似乎太狭窄了。带着无可奈
at that fish. I pushed my finger down its throat to feel how sharp the teeth were. I began to count the scales in
the different
rows,
何的心情我再次去看那条鱼。我把手伸进鱼的嘴巴，看看它的牙齿有多锋利
。我开始一排排地数鱼鳞片，直到我确信这样做毫无意
义。最后我忽然想起了一个好主意
——
我把鱼画出来。令我惊奇的是，我开始在这家伙身上发现了
新的特征。就在这时，教授回来
了。
6
7
He
listened attentively to my brief description. When
I finished, he waited as if expecting more, and
then, with an air of
disappointment.
8
features of the animal,
which is as plainly before your eyes as the fish
itself; look again, look again!
“
做得对，
”
他说，
“
使用铅笔是最好的观察方法
之一。
”
说完这鼓舞人心的话，他又接着说，
< br>“
嗯，它象什么？
”
他认真地听着我简单的描述。我讲
完之后，他等了等，好象在期待着我继续说下去，然后脸上显露出失望的表情说：
“
你没有
仔细观察，
”
他接着认真地说，
“
你甚至连鱼身上最明显的特征都没看到，它就象那条鱼本身一样清清楚楚地摆在你的面
前。再看！再看！
”
交代完之后，他就不管我
了，让我陷入苦恼之中。
9
I was hurt.
Still more of that wretched fish ! But now I set
myself to my task with a will, and discovered one
new thing after
another,until I saw how
just the Professor's criticism had been. The
afternoon passed quickly; and when, towards its
close, the
Professor
inquired,
10
with a better answer in the
morning. I will examine you before you look at the
fish.
11
我的自尊
心受到了伤害。还得继续去面对那条讨厌的鱼！但现在我决心好好地完成我的任务，于是便有了一个一个的新发现
，
直到最后我终于明白教授的批评是多么地有道理。下午很快就过去了。快到黄昏时，教
授问我：
“
看出来了吗？
”
“
没有，
”
我回答道，
“
没有看出来，但我已认识到原来看出来实在是太少了。
”
“
< br>那也不错，
”
他认真地说。
“<
/p>
不过现在我不听你讲，你把鱼放好回家去吧，也许明天早晨有更好的答案，在你看鱼只前我
要考考
你。
”
12
This was disconcerting. Not only must I
think of my fish all night, studying, without the
objectbefore me, what this unknown
but
most visible feature might be, but also, without
reviewing my discoveries, I must give an exact
account of them the next day.
这真叫人紧张。我不仅必须整夜去想那条鱼，鱼不在跟前得反
复琢磨出那未知但极其明显的特征是什么，而且在无法重温已经
发现的特征的情况下，还要在第二天准确地描述那些特征。
13
The friendly greeting from the
Professor the next morning was reassuring. He
seemed to be quite as anxious as I that I
should see for myself what he saw.
第二天早晨，教授友好地向我打招
呼，这令我感到安慰。他好象与我的心情完全一样，急切希望我看到他所看到的一切。
14
15
His
thoroughly pleased
enthusiastically
—
as he always did
—
upon theimportance of this
point, I asked what I should do next.
“
你的意思或许是说，
”
我问道，
“
鱼的两边对称
，器官成队？
”
他十分满意地说了声
“
对！
”
，让我感到头天夜里好几个小时的思考没有白
费。在他象平常那样非常高兴而又充满热情地谈了这
一点的重要性后，我问他下一步该怎
么做。
16
17
eyes, forbidding me to look
at anything else, or to use any artificial aid.
噢，看你的鱼吧！
”
说完，他又离开了，就留下我一个人。一个小时多一点，他再次回来，听了我
的新发现。
“
很好！很好！
”
他连连说，
“
但这还没完，继续看。
”
就这样，他把鱼放在我的面前整整放了三天，不让我看任何其它东西，也
不让我
使用任何仪器。
“
观察，观察，再观察，
”
他再三地指示。
18
The fourth day, a second fish of the
same group was placed beside the first, and I was
told to point out the similarities and
differences between the two; another
and another followed, until the entire family lay
before me.
第四天，
另一条同属的鱼摆放在第一条鱼的旁边，而且要我指出它们之间的相同点与不同点。然后，又是一条，接着另一条
，
直到同科所有的鱼都摆到了我的面前。
me, which we
could not buy, with which we could not part.
19
This was the
best lesson I ever had. It has influenced the way
I have studied ever was something the Professor
gave
这是我上过的最好的一课
。自那以后，我的一切学习和研究方法无不受益于这一课。这是教授给我的无价的礼物，是用金钱买
不到的，是一笔不能丢弃的财富。
20
While training the students in the
method of observing facts and their orderly
arrangement, Professor Agassiz urged them
not to be content with just facts.
在训练学生观察事物及其规律性的
排列时，阿加西斯教授鼓励他们不要仅仅满足于事实。他常说：
“
事实本身意义不大，只有
与某一自然法则联系起来时才有意义。
”
Lesson Three
Detective on the Trail
J.
Jefferson Farjeon
Learning Guide
遂向警方报告。报童在一则广告所
暗
示的地点与时间，潜伏起来，凭借自己的机智和勇敢协助警方捕获了已作案多次的盗窃团伙
首领
——
正是那几则神秘启事的发送人。
1
Bob Sugg read only certain bits of the
papers he sold. Robberies, killings, and things
like
that. And that was
funny, too,
because he didn't like
crime and meant to stop it whenever hecould.
Already in his free time he had helped catch
several
wrongdoers.
在鲍勃
·
萨
格所卖的几种报纸中，他只看其中少量的部分，如抢劫、谋杀以及诸如此类的东西。这事说来也怪，因为他讨厌犯
罪，而且只要办得到，他都决心随时制止犯罪。在闲暇时间里，他就曾经帮助抓到过好几
个罪犯。
2
Bob's favourite
part of the newspaper was the page of personal
advertisements. The one he was reading right now
said:
报纸上，鲍勃最爱看的是私人启事版。现在他正在读的启事是这样写的：
“
在下星期天别忘了给玛丽阿姨送礼。吵架破坏了大
家的心情。
25
日晚报道。
N.
E.
克罗斯。
”
3
Sunday
didn't
remember those did N. E. stand for?
“
这条启事有些蹊跷。
”
鲍勃想。他把启事又读了一遍。干吗要多花钱多写进一个
< br>“
在
”
字？写
< br>“
下星期天
”
不就够了？
“
克罗斯，克
罗斯。
”
鲍勃确信在以前的私人启事中曾经见过这个名字，但他却记不清那些首字母了。
N. E.
代表什么呢？
维护社
会治安，人人有责。一个机智而且有正义感的伦敦报童，发现报上几则蹊跷的私人启事似乎与几起盗窃案有某种联
系，
4
For some
reason that advertisement haunted Bob Sugg. Here
was a mystery he wanted to solve.
5
Four days
later, a headline about a burglary caught his eye.
He quickly read the story. A few minutes later,
the man in charge
of the newspaper files
saw an excited boy rush into the room.
motioned toward a wide shelf. Bob
intently studied a paper.
不知为什么，那则启事时时萦绕在鲍勃
·
萨格的心头。他想解开这个迷。
四天之后，一个有关盗窃案的标题引起了他的注意。他很快读完了报道。几分钟后，管理
报纸档案的职员看见一个神情激动的
男孩跑进了他的办公室。
“
先生，
让我看看过期报纸，好吗？<
/p>
”
男孩问。那人向一个宽宽的书架示意了一下，鲍勃就认真地研究
起报
纸来。
6
advertiser,
Cross.
7
8
9
10
moment he was gone.
“
看！这两则私人启事。
”
鲍勃激动得喘不过气来，
“
虽然它们刊登的日期不同，
但刊登广告的却是同一个人：克罗斯。
”
“
等等，
”
那人打断他的话，
“
首位字母不一样，一个
W.
Cross,
另一个是
S.
W.
。
”
“
上星期四的报纸上还有另一个克罗斯。到底是谁送登这三则启事的呢？
< br>”
鲍勃问。
“
这个信息我们不能告诉你。
”
那人说。
“
那么，
”
鲍勃说，
“
不出今天，要是警长不问你这个问题，我就
不叫鲍勃
·
萨格。
”
< br>说完这话他就走了。
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：成都理工大学大学英语四阅读材料精简答案
下一篇：总结笔记