-
___________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________
语法探
究
----
非谓语动词（作主语，宾语，表语）
不定式
（
to
do
）
主语
具体的动作。
①
To
finish
宾语
宾语，如
表语
表示将来的打算或
目的。
表示特定的某一次
常跟在一些动词后作
decid
e/refuse/hope/a
the
< br>gree/pretend/fail/ma
①
His
wish is to buy
a
car
in
the
near
future.
他的愿望是在不久
agreed
to
的将来买辆车。
work
in
ten
days
is
nage/plan/ promise
very hard.
等
②
To
change
the
否定形式：
whole
plan
is
very
①
We
not to do
difficult.
meet here.
②
He
managed
to
②
The
next
step
is
catch
sight
of
some
to make sure of the
mountain
goats.
time.
下一步是把时间弄
{
说明
}
有时可用
it
作
形式主语，
将作真正
{
说明
}
在下列结构中，
清楚。
主语的不定式后置。
用
it
作形式宾语而将
<
/p>
作
宾
语
的
不
定
式
后
①
It
is
very
hard
to
置。
finish
the
work
in
find/think/consider
it
ten days.
+adj. +to do
thought
it
②
It
is
very
difficult
③
We
to
change
the
better
to start early.
④
I
find
it
hard
to
whole plan.
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
work with him.
表示经常性的抽象
常跟在介词，某些动
1)
表示主语的特点
的行为。
词或动词短语后作宾
“
令人
……
的
”
①
The
book
is
①
Swimming
is
a
语。
best
sport
in
如：
miss/avoid/finish/
interesting.
practice/enjoy/
sugge
②
The
exciting.
news
is
summer.
②
Living
without
an
st/per
mit/imagine/ca
--ing
形
< br>式
aim
is
like
sailing
n
’
t
help/give
up/look
2)
表示主语的具体
（
doing<
/p>
）
without
a
forward
time
(in)
to/spend
内容。
doing
③
His
job
is
compass(
指南针
).
否定形式：
{
说明
}
在下列句型中
sth/hav
e difficulty (in)
delivering
not doing
唱常用
it
作形式主
doing sth
等
语。
newspapers.
①
You
’
d
better avoid
④
What I hate
most
is being laughed at.
It
is
no
use
doing
meeting him.
sth.
②
He
is
practising
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
It
is
no
good
doing
playing the piano.
sth.
It is a waste of time
doing
sth.
表示主语所处的状
态
“…
的
”
< br>过
去
分
词
（
done
）
×
×
①
The
door
remained locked.
②
He seemed quite
pleased at the idea.
语法填空
1.
O
ne
learns a language by making mistakes and
___________(correct) them.
2. China recently tightened its waters
controls near
the Huangyan Island to
prevent Chinese fishing
精品资料
_______________________________________
__________________________________________________
_____________________
boats from
______________(attack) in the South
China Sea.
’
ve
had
a
good
start,
but
next,
more
work
needs
_____________
(do)to
achieve
the
final
success.
matter
how bright a talker you are, there are
times
when
it
’
s
better
_____________
(remain)silent.
5.
Ladex
doesn
’
t
feel
like
__
(study)abroad. Her parents are old.
6. Bill suggested _____
(hold)a meeting on what to
do for the
Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
7.
You can
’
t imagine what
difficulty we had ______
(walk)home in
the snowstorm.
8. I
can
’
t stand____________
（
work
）
with
Jane in
the same office. She just refus
es__________
（
stop
）
精品资料
___________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
talking while she works.
9. It
’
s necessary
to be prepared for a job interview.
__________(have)
the
answers
ready
will
be
of
great help.
10. He got well-
prepared for the job interview, for
he
couldn
’
t
risk
________(lose)
the
good
opportunity.
11.
Having
a
trip
abroad
is
certainly
good
for
the
old
couple,
but
it
remains
______________(see)
whether they will enjoy it.
12._____________(expose)to sunlight for
too much
will do harm to
one
’
s skin.
is
completely untrue ________(say), as some
people do, that modern education is
nothing.
非谓语动词（作定语）
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
非谓语动
作定语时所表达的含义
词
①
表将来的动作（将来的被动动作用
to be done
）
The bridge to be built next year will <
/p>
不
定
式
join
the two towns.
（
to
do
）
I have a lot
of work to do.
②
当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰
被
动
：
to
时用不定式作定语
be done
He was the first to
get to the station.
③
固定搭配，如
the
ability to do, the
way to do
等
①
表示中心词的用途
The
washing
machine
needs
to
be
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
--ing
分词
repaired.
（
doing
）
②
表示中心词的特点
“
令人
……
的
”
This is a
moving story.
被
动
：
③
表示主动或正在进行的动作。
（若表
being
done
示被动的动作正在进行，用
being
done
）
The problem being discussed at the
meeting is very important.
Who
is
the
boy
standing
by
the
window?
①
表示中心词所处的状态
“……
的
”
过去分词
The
excited
people
rushed
into
the
（
done
）
building.
激动的人们冲进大楼。
②
表示一个被动的动作。
The
meeting
held
yesterday
was
successful.
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
语法填空
1.
We
’
re having a meeting in
half an hour. The decision
______________(make)at the meeting will
influence the
future of our company.
2.
After
completing
and
signing
it,
please
return
the
form to us in the envelope
____________(provide).
3. The next
thing he saw was smoke
(rise)from
behind the house.
4.
The
island,
___
(join)
to
the
mainland
by
a
bridge, is easy to go to.
5.
Look
over
there
—
there
’
s
a
very long,
winding
path
精品资料
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________
___
(lead)up to the house.
6.
The
ability
_____(express)
an
idea
is
as
important as the idea itself.
7. I have a lot of readings
_______________
(complete)
before the end of this term.
8. A great number of
students
(question) said they were forced to
practise the piano.
9. With the
government
’
s aid, those
___________(affect)
by the earthquake
have moved to the new settlements.
10 ---Can those
(seat)
at
the
back
of
the
classroom hear
me?
---No problem.
非谓语动词
（作宾语补足语，
状语）
（一）非谓语动词作宾语补足语
不定
式、现在分词和过去分词通常用在下列句型中
作宾语补足语
精品资料
____________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________ <
/p>
1
）
感官动词
s
ee/watch/notice/observe/look at/listen
to/hear/feel/find+
宾语
+doing/d
one/do
（
doing
表示动作
在进行；
done
表示被动或状态；
d
o
表示动作全过程）
注：
find
后一般不加
d
o
①
We heard him singing when
we came in.
②
I saw her enter
the building.
③
I found him
beaten black and blue.
2
）使役动
词
have+
宾语
+doing/do
ne/do
（
doing
表
动作在进行；
done
表被动；
< br>do
表将来的动作）
①
She had her audience
listening carefully.
②
I
’
ll
have my bike repaired tomorrow.
③
I
’
ll
have Tom show you around the city.
3
）使役动词
get+
宾语
+doing/done/to do
（
doing
表
动作在进行；
done
表被动；
to
do
表将来的动作）
①
She got her audience
listening carefully.
精品资料
_________________________________________
__________________________________________________
___________________
②
I
’
ll
get my bike repaired tomorrow.
③
I
’
ll
get Tom to show you around the city.
4<
/p>
）
with+
宾语
+
doing/done/to
do
（
doing
表动作在
进行；
done
表被动；
to
do
表将来的动作）
①
With all this work to do, I
don
’
t know if
I
’
ll have
time to
go out.
②
In
part
of
Asia
you
must
not
sit
with
your
feet
pointing at another person.
③
With the
problem
solved,
the
quality
of
product
has been improved. <
/p>
5
）使役动词
make+
宾语
+done/do
（
do
ne
表被动或
状态；
do
表主动）
①
He
raised his voice to make himself heard.
②
He raised his voice to make
all of us hear him.
③
I
wonder what made him worried.
6
< br>）使役动词
keep/leave+
宾语
+doing/done
（
doing
精品资料
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