新视野大学英语4 unit1-unit5 sectionA课后练习答案

新视野大学英语

4 Unit1--Unit5 Section A

课后练习

Unit 1

crumble

崩溃，瓦解，消失

discern

看出，觉察出，辨明

Surpass

超过，胜过

shrewd

精明的 ，

机敏的，

准确的

conversion

转变，改造，转换

distort

歪曲，曲解

1.

As the gender barriers

(crumbled)

, the number of women working as lawyers,

doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly from the mid-20th century.

2.

With

the

data

collected

each

year,

the

owner

of

the

shop

can

(discern)

customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales

performance.

3.

His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is

not only able to reach but to

(surpass)

his personal goals.

4.

He

is

a

man

with

a(n)

(shrewd)

business

sense.

He

has

built

his

initial

investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.

5.

The

(conversion)

of

nuclear

radiation

directly

into

electricity

was

an

exciting

possibility that was being vigorously explored in many laboratories in the 1950s.

6.

I was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to

(distort)

the

scientific

facts

in

such

a

manner

that

even

some

highly-educated

people

were

fooled.

7.

Sixty-two and blessed with his mother's skin, the fisherman had withstood a

lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as

(radiant)

as a man in his forties.

8.

French educator Louis Braille invented a simple but

(ingenious)

code which has

had an impact on the lives of generations of people who are blind.

9.

The senators didn't expect us to ask such tough questions, and when we finally

did, they got

(stumped)

and didn't know what to say.

radiant

容光焕发的，喜悦的

ingenious

有独创性的，

别出心裁的

stump

使困惑，难倒

proposition

提议，建议，主张

10.

This

newly

established

university

supports

the

(proposition)

that

a

more

diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities

for lifelong learning.

短语

be dripping with

满是

…

，充满

in exchange for

作为交换

flare up

突然发怒，骤然

make an analogy between

在

…

间做类

比

set a date for

为

…

定日期

make

…

out of

使

…

变成

made a pact

约好，达成协议

appeale to

诉诸，唤起

1.

The brick walls of the ruined buildings

(were dripping with)

green mold and

moisture, and she shivered involuntarily, looking down to avoid the sight.

2.

As urban populations exported finished goods

(in exchange for)

raw materials

from neighboring populations, organized trade grew substantially.

3.

Knowing just how quickly a wildfire can spread, some residents of the village

decided to leave their homes after the flames

(flared up)

nearby.

4.

Biology teachers often

(make an analogy between)

the heart and a pump in

order to help students understand how the heart works.

5.

They would like to

(set a date for)

their wedding and announce their

engagement to their families and friends as soon as possible.

6.

He was determined not to sour a perfectly good day with the memory of one

jealous classmate trying to

(make)

a fool

(out of)

him in front of the entire class.

7.

The couple

(made a pact)

never to work at the same time, so that one of

them was always on full- time parenting duty, and their child wouldn't have to be

looked after by strangers.

8.

The president said that it's the worst earthquake ever to hit the country, and

that he

(had appealed to)

the world for help, asking in particular for heavy-lift

helicopters able to carry relief supplies into the isolated mountain areas.

英译汉

Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.

亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。

His writings cover many subjects, including physics, biology, zoology, logic, ethics,

poetry, theater, music, linguistics, politics and government, and constitute the first

comprehensive system of Western philosophy.

他的作品涵盖了许多 学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、

诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政 治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。

Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines

such as mathematics, biology, and ethics.

亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分 为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学

和伦理学。

He believed all people's concepts and all their knowledge were ultimately based on

perception.

他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。

His views on natural sciences laid the groundwork for many of his works.

他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。

He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in his era.

< br>他几乎对他所

处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。

His

works

contain

the

earliest

known

formal

study

of

logic,

and

even

today

all

aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the important subject of academic

study.

他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使 在今天，亚里士

多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。

< br>

His

philosophy

had

a

long- lasting

influence

on

the

development

of

all

Western

philosophical theories.

他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。

More

than

2,300

years

after

his

death,

Aristotle

remains

one

of

the

most

influential

philosophers

and scientists.

在去世

2,300

< br>多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。

Unit 2

deficient

不足的，有缺陷的

prosecution

起诉，指控

outrage

义愤，

愤慨，

震怒，

暴行

appease

平息，安抚，抚慰

conformity

n.

遵照，遵从，符合

strand

组成部分，方面

complement

与

…

互补

transient

短暂的，临时的

appliances

家用电器，家用器具

outfit

n.

全套服装

v.

为

…

提供全套服

装，装备

1.

We need to improve the quality of education so that our children will not leave

school

(deficient)

in literary and reasoning skills.

2.

In

a

society

governed

by

the

rule

of

law,

every

citizen

is

subject

to

possible

(prosecution)

if he violates the law.

3.

The

pay

gap

between

average

workers

and

top

corporate

officers

has

led

to

pubic

(outrage)

as executives receive large packages despite falling share prices.

4.

The delicious meal

(appeased)

our hunger and made us feel warm again after

having walked in the snow all day.

5.

The

military

insists

on

(conformity)

in

many

areas,

for

example,

dress

and

haircut, with the primary objective of promoting group unity.

6.

My daughter used to play with the dog by taking a(n)

(strand)

of its hair and

then spending a long time rubbing, combing and twisting it.

7.

When

she

left

for

the

party,

she

took

great

care

to

make

her

necklace

and

shoes

(complement)

her dress.

8.

It

was

necessary

to

provide

living

places

for

(transient)

immigrants

passing

through the area on their way to more permanent dwellings.

9.

They

had

just

moved

in,

so

they

needed

to

buy

a

number

of

kitchen

(appliances)

, including a microwave oven, a toaster, and a coffee maker.

10.

She

wanted

a

beautiful

and

elegant

(outfit)

to

attend

the

wedding

of

a

friend, but couldn't find anything satisfactory in the nearby shops.

短语

in hopes of

怀有

…

的希望

come up with

想出，提出

excuse herself

礼貌地告辞

be obsessed with

对

…

着迷

reach out to

请求

…

的帮助

voice an opinion on

live up to

不辜负，做到，实践

in terms of

就

…

而言

1.

Every month, the Community Services Center offers several lectures on health

and fitness

(in hopes of)

introducing people to healthier lifestyles.

2.

Do you know who

(came up with)

the idea of having cheesecake for dessert

yesterday? It was delicious and made everyone happy.

3.

The pain medication left Claudia feeling rather dull and sleepy, and soon after

dinner she apologized for being such poor company and

(excused herself)

to bed.

4.

When I was young, I

(was obsessed with)

maps, and I sometimes spent the

whole day charting land routes from one point to another.

5.

To make immigrants comfortable

(reaching out to)

police for help, more than

70 cities now bar police from asking them to prove their legal status.

6.

Mary was often accused of

afraid to

(voice an opinion on)

subjects about which she was knowledgeable.

7.

At the end of his term in office, the governor was criticized for failure to

(live

up to)

his campaign promise.

8.

Results of a survey revealed that of the top 10 automobile makers

(in terms

of)

customer satisfaction, six were Japanese and two were German.

英译汉

William Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English

language and the world's pre-eminent (

杰出的

) dramatist.

人们普遍认为，威廉

?

莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家和世界杰出 的戏剧家。

His

plays have been translated into a vast number of languages and are performed

more often than those of any other playwright.

他的剧 本被译成多种语言，并且比其他任何剧作家的作品都上演得多。

Shakespeare's early works were mostly comedies and histories

，

which have the

reputation of being among the finest masterpieces produced in these genres (

体裁

)

even today.

莎士比亚的早期作品 大多是喜剧和历史剧。即使在今天，这些作品仍是同类作

品中的杰作，享有绝佳声望。< /p>

Later on, Shakespeare wrote mainly tragedies, some of which, like Hamlet and King

Lear, earned him fame in the entire Western literature.

后来莎士比亚的创作主要是悲剧，其中一些作品，如《哈姆雷特》和《李尔王》

，

为其在整个西方文学界赢得了声誉。

The most striking features of Shakespeare are his brilliant use of language and his

universal themes.

莎士比亚最显 著的特点是其精彩的语言运用及具有普遍意义的主题。

He contributed thousands of words to English, many of which have become

embedded in the language.

他创造了数千个英语词汇，其中许多已经深植于英语中。

His themes are so universal that they transcend generations to stir the

imaginations of readers and audiences worldwide.

他的作品主题具有普遍意义，所以能够数代流传，激发世界各地 读者和观众的

想象力。

Shakespeare has influenced and inspired many writers over the centuries.

数世纪

以来，莎士比亚影响和激励了许多作家。

His writings remain highly popular today, and they are constantly studied,

performed, and reinterpreted in diverse cultures throughout the world.

其作品至今依旧广 受欢迎，在世界各地的文化中被不断地研究、上演和诠释。

Shakespeare will continue to have an enormous impact on future playwrights,

novelists, poets, actors, and scholars.

莎士比亚将继续对未来的剧作家、小说家、诗人、演员和学者产生巨大影响。