-
【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题经典
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
There are lots of ways
to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find
photos, documents,
and films on almost
any topic you can imagine. And at , you can access
lectures by
artists, scholars,
designers, technicians and others.
TED
began
in
1984
as
a
conference
that
brought
together
individuals
from
the
fields
of
technology,
entertainment
and
design.
It
was
intended
to
be
a
one-time
event
focusing
on
technology
and
design.
The
event
ended
up
losing
money,
and
it
was
six
years
before
the
founders
tried
it
again.
This
time
it
worked,
and
since
1990,
the
TED
conference
has
been
an
annual event. There are now two held
every year, with topics as diverse as music,
medicine, and
money. Other specialized
spin-off conferences address narrower
issues.
The TED website
came from a desire to share the conferences with
the world, to
knowledge from the
world's most inspired thinkers,
the site
was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of
talks given at the TED conferences
around the world. The talks are
transcribed into hundreds of languages.
The
TED
website
is
owned
by
the
Sapling
Foundation,
a
non
profit
devoted
to
fostering
the
spread
of
great
ideas.
The
Sapling
foundation
acquired
TED
in
2001.
Since
then,
it
has
been
focusing on using TED to broadcast
ideas that might change the world.
TED, of course, isn't immune to
criticism. It's been called
elitist(
精英
) for its high
ticket prices
(more than 6,000 dollars
total). It's been accused by a few people of
censorship for not publishing
their
talks. One controversial speaker was upset about
being criticized by the conference's host
afterward.
The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few
for such a large, long-running organization.
And
accusations
of elitism
ring
hollow when
so
much
is
given
away
for
free
on
TED's
website.
Whatever its failings, TED is a source
of inspirational information for those who seek it
out.
（
1
）
What is the main topic of the
article?
case
against TED
's on TED
today.
and cons of
.
is TED
（
2
）
Which of
the following statements is NOT true?
TED conference came after
the success of .
TED
conferences are now held every year.
talks are available in many
languages.
Sapling
Foundation owns .
（
3
）
From the last two
paragraphs, we can infer that ________.
is accepted to all
involved that some TED talks might not be
published
host of the
conference is one who plays a supportive role to
the speakers
is criticized
for giving special treatment to the wealthy or
powerful
negative comments
on TED greatly affects its reputation
<
/p>
（
4
）
This
author probably believes that________.
is elitist
is beneficial
isn't important
is the best
website
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
< br>A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了
TED
以及它的历史发展。
（
1
）考查
主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“And at , you can access
lectures by art
ists,
scholars,
designers,
technicians
and
o
thers.”
在
，你可以访问艺术家
、学者、设
计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的
主题是
“TED
是什么
”
，故选
D
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
“The
TED
website
came
from
a
desire
to
share
the
conferences with the world, to ‘offer
free knowledge from the
world's most inspired thinkers,’ as
the website puts it.”TED
网站源于
一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是
“
向世界
上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识
”
。
可知，
“TED
大会是在
网站成功之
后召开的
”
这种
表述错误，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“TED, of course, isn't
immune to criticism. It's been
called
elitist(
精英
) for its
h
igh ticket prices.”
当然，
TED
也免不了受到批评。它因其高昂的票价
被称
为精英主义；以及最后一段中的
“And accusations of
elitism ring hollow when so much is
given away for free on TED's website.”<
/p>
而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义
的指责就显
得空洞了。可推断出，
TED
因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇
而受到批评，故
选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Whatever its
fai
lings, TED is a source of
inspirational
information
for
those
who
seek
it
out.”
不管它的缺点是什么，
TED
都是那些寻找它的
人鼓舞
人心的信息来源。可推断出，这位作者可能认为
TED<
/p>
是有益的，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意
三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上
下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
< br>
2
．
阅读理解
A fourth-grade teacher allowed one
of her students to shave her head in the
schoolyard, after
bullies
（仗势
欺人者）
teased
him
about
his
own
short
buzz
cut
（短寸头发型）
.
Tori
Nelson
got
the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy
boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller
Elementary School in Washington state,
was standing outside his classroom crying and
wearing a
winter hat.
Ms. Nelson could see the back of
his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew
usually had
very thick brown curly
hair, she realized that he'd had a haircut over
the weekend. She asked him
what was
wrong, and he said he'd gotten a buzz cut for the
summer. But this morning, a fifth
grader on the bus made fun of him, and
he didn't want to come to class and get teased by
other
kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince
Matthew to come inside, but since school rules
prohibit kids
from wearing hats indoors
he refused
–
explaining that
he was afraid of showing his haircut to the
other children in case they also made
fun of him.
Finally I
said:
'Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting.
I figured it's just hair, and mine is already
short anyway. I might
as well get it
shorter in time for the warm weather.'
Matthew excitedly took her up on
the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher
gathered all
the
fourth
graders
together
during
break
time.
A
school
employee
brought
in
scissors,
which
Matthew used to the
cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as
his teacher's hair fell away
onto the
ground in the schoolyard.
'It
was
a
lot
of
fun
for
the
kids,
and
it
helped
Matthew
feel
better
about
himself,'
said
Ms
Nelson.'
You
have
to
do
what
it
takes
to
reach
children.
Teaching
isn't
just
about
reading
and
writing, it's about self-esteem and
accepting differences.'
（
1
）
What mainly led to
Matthew's standing outside the classroom?
A. His fear of being
laughed at. B. His
willingness to learn.
C. His
violating school rules.
D. His not finishing his homework.
（
2
）
Why
did Ms. Nelson have her head shaved?
A. To show sympathy for
Matthew. B. To comfort and
encourage Matthew.
C. To
prepare for the warm weather.
D. To show her unique
personality.
（
3
）
What is Ms Nelson like?
A. responsible and caring
B. knowledgeable and
creative
C. Humorous and
easygoing
D. Strong and determined
（
4
）
What
is the best title for the passage?
A. The real meaning of
teaching
B.
Stand up to school bullying
C. Teach kids to respect differences
D. A haircut full of love
【答
案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，
Matthew
由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教
室，老师
Tori
Nelson
安慰他，并和他一起剪了头发。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus
made fun of
him, and he didn't want to
come to class and get teased by other
kids.
和
explaining that he was
afraid
of
showing
his
haircut
to
the
other
children
in
case
they
also
made
fun
o
f
him.”
可知
Matthew
在教
室外哭泣不敢进去是因为害怕同学们嘲笑他。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断
。根据老师
Tori
Nelson
和学生一起剪头发和最后一段中的
“It was
a lot of
fun for the kids, and it
helped Matthew feel better about himself,'
和
Teaching isn't just about
reading and writing, it's about self-
esteem and accepting dif
ferences.”
可知
Tori Nelson
老师这样
做是为了给学生安慰和鼓励，培养学生的自尊。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“Ms Nelson tried to
convince Matthew to come
inside.
老师对学生说的
“If you take
off your hat and come to class, I'll let you give
me a buzz cut
,too,
和最后一段中的
“It
was
a
lot
of
fun
for
the
kids,
an
d
it
helped
Matthew
feel
better
about
himself,”
可知
Tori N
elson
老师对学生负责任，关心学生。故选
A
。
（
4
< br>）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了
Matthew
由于害怕同
学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教室，
老师
Tori
Nelson
安慰他，并和他一起剪头发的故事，表现了老师既负责又有爱心
。
D.
A
haircut
full of love
概括了本文内容，表达了本文主题，适合作为本文标题。故选
D
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要
求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括
和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
As a gesture of
friendship
，
Mayor Yukio Ozaki
of Tokyo
，
Japan gave
Washington, D.C a gift of
more
than
3,000
Japanese
cherry
trees
on
March
17,
spring,
the
cherry
trees
in
Washington
，
D.C.
take bloom(
开花
)
，
beginning one of the country's loveliest
celebrations, the
National
Cherry
Blossom
Festival
(March
17-April
15).
Book
your
trip
now
to
see
this
vibrant
display of pink and white in this city
full of history!
Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth
Tour
Priee:
$$45
/person
Available: Mar.25-Apr.15
Duration: 1 Day
Highlights: Visit
Washington
，
D.C.; experience
the peak period of cherry blossom(April
8-12)
Itinerary: Guests
will start to celebrate the National Cherry
Blossom Festival and discover the
beauty
of
cherry
blossoms.
Next,we
will
begin
our
sightseeing
city
tour
including
Lincoln
Memorial,
White
House,
US
Capitol,
Madame
Tussauds
Wax
Museum,
Washington
Monument
and International
Spy Museum. Then visit the next tourist spot, the
Jefferson Memorial. It's the
best
location to view the cherry blossoms. Finally,
guests may board a Potomac River cruise to
see the city from the water. Then tour
ends.
Price Includes:
Ground Transportation
Admission Fees:
Destination
International Spy
Museum(optional)
Adult
Child
Senior
$$21.95
$$14.95(3-12yrs)
$$19.95(Over 65 yrs)
Madame Tussauds Wax Museum
(optional)
$$23
Potomac River
Cruise(optional)
$$26
$$17(3-12yrs)
$$18(3-12yrs)
$$20(Over 65 yrs)
$$23(Over 65 yrs)
Note: If you would like to join in the optional
activities, please pay the fee in cash to the tour
guide. You cannot buy the tickets on
your own or use City Pass. The tour guide will
arrange the
tickets for the
group.
（
1
）
On
March 25,tourists___________.
A. experience the peak
period of cherry blossom
B.
have a discounted tour of a city full of
history
C. enjoy the
National Cherry Blossom Festival
D. witness the first day of the
festival
（
2
）
Which of the following statements
is TRUE?
A.
Japan presented cherry trees to attract tourists
to Washington, DC.
B. The
tour covers five tourist spots without admission
fees.
C. Admission fees can
be paid in cash or with City Pass.
D. Each tourist must choose at least
one optional destination.
（
3
）
It
costs___________
for
a
16-year-old
student
and
his
grandpa
(aged
67)
to
go
on
the
tour
，
with the wax
museum included.
A. $$110
B. $$136
C. $$133
D. $$127
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了美国的国家樱花节的时间、景点、花费和注
意事项。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
Washington, D.C. Cherry Blossom In-Depth Tour
部分中的
“Available:
< br>Mar.25-
Apr.15”
可知在三月二十五日，游
客们可以享受国家樱花节，故选
C
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据
Itinerary
部分中的
“Next,
we
will
begin
our
sightseeing
city
tour
including
Lincoln
Memorial,
White
House,
US
Capitol,
Madame
Tussauds
Wax
Museum,
Washington
Monument
and
International
Spy
Museum.
Then
visit
the
next
tourist
spot,
the
Jefferson
Memorial,”
< br>可知城市旅游包括以上八个景点，根据
Admission
Fees
表格中的内容可
知
Int
ernational
Spy
Museum
，
Madame Tussauds
Wax
Museum
和
Potomac
River
Cruise
这三
个景点是需要付费的，所以有五个景点不需要付费，故选
B
。
（
3
）考查数字计算。根据
Price:
$$45
/person
，以及表格中
Madame
Tussauds
Wax
Museum
(optional)
$$23
，
$$20(Over
65
yrs)
可知一位十六岁的学生
和他的爷爷参加这次旅行，包括蜡
像馆，价格是
45*2+23
+20=133
，故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和数字计算三个题型的考查，
是一篇介绍类阅
读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选
出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
A call came into Jimmy
Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had
spent the afternoon at
his bar,
couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about
her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her
wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece, 42, didn't like the idea
that a theft could have occurred at his place. So
he determined
to
find
the
wallet.
He
spent
hours
on
videos
from
surveillance
(
监控
)
cameras,
watching
the
woman's every step in
the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached
the bar, put something
in his pocket,
and walked off.
Gilleece
posted a clip (
视频片段
) on the
bar's Facebook page to find out who the young man
was.
Within
hours,
Gilleece
got
a
text
from
17-year-old
Rivers
Prather,
who
said
he'd
done
it
because
he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the
ring but thought it was fake, so he took
the money and threw the wallet into the
ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece told the teen to meet him
at the docks (
码头
). There
they talked a lot and Gilleece
knew
that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the
teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he
was more of a kid than a criminal.
However, because of the missing ring, Prather
could be put
into prison.
Gilleece
decided
to
help
the
kid.
He
hired
two
local
divers
to
search
the
waters
where
the
wallet
had
been
thrown.
More
than
an
hour
passed,
with
no
sign
of
the
ring.
Gilleece
grew
worried. And then a
diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and
inside was the ring. When
Gilleece
called
the
wallet's
owner,
she
burst
into
tears
and
immediately
dropped
the
charge
against Prather for stealing the
ring.
（
1
）
What did the woman value most in her
wallet?
ID.
credit
cards.
money.
wedding ring.
（<
/p>
2
）
What did Prather
do after getting the wallet?
kept the ring.
spent the money in it.
threw it in a dustbin.
returned it to the owner.
（
3
）
Why
did Gilleece help Prather?
teach the child a lesson.
meet the customer's demand.
save the forgivable child.
win back the reputation of his
bar.
（
4
）
What would happen to Prather next?
would be sent to
prison.
would not be
accused by the woman.
would
get a job in Gilleece's bar.
would live a better life ever
after.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，
Jimmy
Gilleece
的酒
吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包
里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。
Ji
mmy
Gilleece
找到了捡到钱包的年轻人
Rivers
Prather
，但是
Rivers
Prather
拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。
Gilleece
觉得
Prather
只是个孩子，于是
决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，
Prather
也被撤销了指控。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“She
didn't
care
about
her
ID,
credit
cards,
or
150
in
cash-
but
her
wedding
ring
was
inside.
”
她不在乎她的身份
证、信用卡或
150
美元现金
——
但
她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故
选
D
。
<
/p>
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的<
/p>
“He said he saw the ring but thought it
was fake, so he
took the money and
threw the wallet into the ocean. ”
他说他看到
了戒指，但认为是假的，所
以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知
Prather
得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“Se
eing
the
t
eenager's
small
build,
Gilleece
thought
he
was
more
of
a
kid
than
a
criminal.
However,
because
of
the
missing
ring,
Prather
could
be
put
into
prison.”
看到这个少年的小个子，
Gilleece
觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪
犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，
P
rather
可能会被关进监狱，可知
Gilleece
帮助
Prather
是因为
< br>他认为
Prather
是个可原谅的孩子。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“When
Gilleece
called
the
wallet's
owner,
she
burst
into tears and immediately dropped the
charge against Prather for stealing the ring.”
当
Gilleece
打电话给钱包的主人时，她
哭了起来，并立即撤销了对
Prather
偷戒指的指控
)
可知接下来
Prather
不会被那个女人指控。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考
查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而
选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
The new garbage sorting
regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting
July 1. Many citizens
are
still
confused
about
the
classification
of
the
four
different
types
of
trash.
Thankfully,
authorities have
released an official guideline to explain the new
rules.
The guideline,
published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public
Sanitation Bureau, provides a
rather
clear
definition
on
the
four
kinds
if
waste:
recyclable
waste,
harmful
waste,
household
food waste and
residual (
剩余
)
waste.
A team from the
U. K.'s National Centre for Sport and Exercise
Medicine examined 14 lean and
overweight
men
and
analyzed
their
metabolic
(
新陈代谢
)
health.
The
participants
were
either
assigned
Harmful waste, as the name
suggests, includes various poisonous materials
like used batteries,
light bulbs, out-
of-date medicines, paint and
pesticides.
Household
food
waste
—
which
is
translated
to
trash
in
Chinese
—
refers
to
food
leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit
peels, remains of TCM herbs
(
中药
) and flowers.
Paper, plastic, glass, metal and
textiles (
纺织品
) are counted
as recyclable waste.
The
definition of residual waste is a little
confusing. Anything that is not listed above
belongs to
this category.
As specific as the new guideline
is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash
correctly and
are finding it
challenging to memorize them all. For instance,
both plastic bottles and bubble tea
or
coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the
former falls to the category of recyclable waste
and the latter belongs to residual
waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come
up with
their own way to sort
trash.
可食用
) for
pigs
are
household
food
waste.
Those
even
pigs
don't
want
to
eat
are
residual
waste.
If
a
pig
consumes something and
dies of it, then something must be harmful waste.
Those that can be
sold and the money we
gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable
waste.
The new
regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who
do not sort their trash properly will
be fined RMB200.
（
1
）
What do the
old coats that you want to throw away belong to?
l waste.
trash.
able
waste.
al waste
<
/p>
（
2
）
What
is the common point of
can
be broken down easily.
all
come from plants.
all have
bad smells.
all have
poisonous materials.
（
3
）
What is the tone of
the netizen like?
s.
us.
tful.
ain.
（
4
）
What does the passage
mainly talk about?
four sorts of garbing are forbidden in
Shanghai.
ai garbage sorting
enforcement begins.
are
still confused about garbage sorting.
netizens in Shanghai support the
garbage sorting policy.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、
可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第六段
“Paper,
plastic, glass, metal and textiles
(
纺织品
) are counted
as recyclable
waste.”
可知，
old coats
是可回收利用的废品。故选
C
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第五段中的
“Household
food
waste
—
which
is
translated
to
‘wet
trash’ in Chinese
—
refers to food leftovers, rotten
food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM
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