-
。
动词的一般过去时
一般过去时主要表
示过去的动作或状态。在句子中由主语
+
动词的过去式来表达。
1.
He
walks to school.
(一般现在时)他现在经常步行上学。
2.
He walked to
school. (
一般过去时
)
他曾经步行上学。
1.
中的动词
walks
是现在式,由于主语是第三人称单数
he,
p>
因此原形的
walk
必须加
上
”
s
”
,
表示目前习惯性、经常性的动作。
而
2.
中的动词
walked
是过去式,
过去式是叙述过去事情的动词形式
,
所以这句话是表
示过去的某时,例如昨天,上周或几天前等过
去的某一时间。
1.
be
动词的过去时
be
动词过去时的句型如下:
肯定句
主语
< br>+be
动词的过去式(
was
,
were
)
+ .......
否定句
主语
< br>+be
动词的过去式(
was
,
were
)
+ not+
......
疑问句
be
动
词的过去式(
Was
,
Were
)
+
主语
+....
..
He was busy yesterday.
他昨天很忙。(肯定句)
We
were busy yesterday.
我们昨天很忙。(肯定句)
He
was not busy yesterday.
他昨天不忙。(否定句)
Was
he busy yesterday?
他昨天忙吗?(疑问句)
①
be
动词过去时的肯定句
Mike was in the United States last year.
迈克去年在美国。
I was
busy yesterday.
我昨天很忙。
be
动词的现在时和过去时
主语
时态
现在时
am
is
are
过去时
was
were
I
(第一人称单数)
He,She,It(
第三人称单数
)
You(
第二人称单、复数
)
We (
第一人称复数
)
They(
第三人称复数
)
I
was
very
tired
last night.
我昨天晚上很累。
He was an engineer.
他以前是个工程师。
Tom was
a teacher.
汤姆以前是个老师。
We were there.
我们曾在那里。
You were
a worker.
你以前是个工人。
They were at home yesterday.
他们昨天在家。
Jack and
Bob were in the living room at that time.
杰克和鲍勃那时在起居室。
There was an apple on the plate
yesterday.
昨天有一个苹果在盘子里。
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。
There were some books there.
那儿曾经有一些书。
②
be
动词过去时的否定句
He
was not in Canada last year.
他去年不在加拿大。
be
动词过去时的否定句的结构和现在时一样,只要在
be
动词过去式(
was,
were)
后面加上
not
就可以了。否定式的
was not
,
were not
大
多使用缩写形式
wasn
’
t
(读作
['w
?
znt
]
)
和
weren
’
t
(读作
[w
?
:nt]
)。
Mike
wasn
’
t at school.
迈克不在学校。
I
wasn
’
t busy the other day.
前几天我不忙。
They
weren
’
t Chinese.
他们不是中国人。
There
weren
’
t any boys in the
classroom.
教室里一个男孩也没有。
③
be
动词过去时的疑问句
1. A:
Was it raining in Beijing yesterday?
昨天北京下雨了吗?
B
:
No, it
wasn
’
t. It was cloudy.
不,没下雨。昨天北京阴天。
2.
A
:
Where were you yesterday
morning?
你昨天上午在哪儿?
B: I was at school.
我在学校。
be
动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一样,只要把
be
动词的过去式
was,were
调
到
主语前面即可。回答
Was/Were+
主语
< br>+......
?时,需用
Yes,...was/we
re,
或
No,...wasn
’<
/p>
t/weren
’
t
。
注意
:以疑问词开始的特殊疑问句,回答时,不能用
p>
Yes,No
。直接
回答所问的问题即可。
1.
A
:
Was she a teacher?
她以前是个老师吗?
B:
Yes, she was.
是的,她是。
B: No, she
wasn
’
t.
不,她不是。
2. A: Were
they doctors?
他们以前是医生吗?
B: Yes, they were.
是的,他们是。
B: No,
they weren
’
t.
不,他们不是。
3.
A: Was your
father free this morning?
今天上午你爸爸有空吗
?
B:
Yes, he was.
是的,他有空。
B: No, he
wasn
’
t.
不,他没空。
4.
A: Was there
any water in the bottle?
瓶子里有过水吗?
B:
Yes, there was.
是的,曾经有过。
B: No, there
weren
’
t.
不,没有过。
be
动词的现在时和过去时句型(以
he
< br>为主语)
句型
时态
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
一般现在时
He is...
He isn
’
t...
Is he...?
疑问词
+ is
he...?
一般过去时
He
was...
He
wasn
’
t...
Was
he...?
疑问词
+ was he...?
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。
2.
一般动词的过去时
一般动词过去时的基本句型如下:
肯定句
主语
+
be
动词的过去式
+ .......
否定句
主语
+ did not+
动词原形
+......
疑问句
Did+
主语
+
动词原形
+......?
He played tennis last week.
他上周打网球了。(肯定句)
He
did not play tennis last week.
上周他没打网球。(否定句)
Did
he play tennis last week?
他上周打网球了吗?
①
一般动词过去时的肯定句
We
had a good time yesterday.
昨天我们过得很高兴。
He had
a good time yesterday.
昨天他过得很高兴。
一般过去时没有
人称和数的变化。因此主语即使是第三人称单数,也和其他人称一样变化。
I saw a film last week.
上周我看了一部电影。
She
studied English two years ago.
两年前她学英语。
We said
good-bye to Mary at five.
五点钟时,我们和玛丽说再见。
He
rushed into the room.
他冲进房间。
动词过去式变化规则:
①
一般情况下在动词原形后直接加<
/p>
-ed
。
wanted
,
played
②
以不发音的字母
< br>e
结尾的动词,直接加
-d
。<
/p>
hoped
,
lived
③
重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个
辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母,
再加
-ed
stopped
④
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的动词变
y
为
i
,再加
-ed
。
studied
,
worried
以元音字母
+y
结尾的动词,直接加
-ed. played, enjoyed
规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后
[t]
p>
,元浊
[d]
,
[
t] [d]
之后读
[id]
。
①
清辅音后,
ed
要读
[
t]
。
worked
,
finished
②
元
音或浊辅音后,
ed
要读
[d]
p>
。
lived
,
c
alled
③
[t]
或
[d]
后,
ed
读
p>
[id]
。
started
,
needed
5
.不规则动词过去式:
注意不规则动词的时态变化。务必熟记下述动词的原形和过去
式
:
read ---- read
go ---- went
take ---- took
eat---- ate
write---- wrote
speak---- spoke
say ----
said
get ---- got
do ----
did
run---- ran
draw----
drew
sweep---- swept
know
---- knew
have ---- had
come
---- came
sing---- sang
fly---- flew
sit---- sat
put ---- put
see ---- saw
give---- gave
make---- made
ride---- rode
swim---- swam
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