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历史文化类(二)
1.
中国传统节日
中国传统节日
traditional Chinese festival
★★★
过节
celebrate a festival ★★☆
放假
have a holiday
/ vacation ★★☆
文化积淀
cultural
accumulation ★★☆
文化凝聚
cultural
cohesion ★★☆
记录社会文化生活
record
the moments of social and cultural life
★★☆
节气
solar term
★★☆
季节变迁
seasonal
change / transition ★★☆
公历历法
solar
calendar ★★☆
地球绕太阳公转的周期
period
of the Earth’s revolution around the Sun
★☆☆
农历历法
lunar calendar ★★☆
月球绕地球公转的周期
period
of the Moon’s revolution around the Earth
★☆☆
农业生产
agricultural product
ion
★★☆
科学指导
scientific
guidance / instruction ★★☆
日常社会生活
everyday
social life ★★☆
祭祀活动
ritual /
sacrificial activity ★★☆
庆祝活动
celebratory
activity; celebration ★★☆
春节
the Spring
Festival ★★★
元宵节
the (Spring) Lantern Festival
★★★
清明节
the Qingming Festival;
Tomb-
Sweeping Day ★★★
端午节
the Dragon
Boat Festival ★★★
七夕节
the Qixi
Festival; the Double Seventh Festival; the Chinese
Valentine’s Day ★★★
中秋节
the
Mid-
Autumn Festival ★★★
重阳节
the Double
Ninth Festival ★★★
农历几月几日
fall on
the
+序数词+
day of
the
+序数词+
luna
r
month ★★★
追溯到
date back to; be traced back to
★★★
有……年历史
have a history of XX years
★★★
传说……
According to legend, … /
Legend has it that… ★★★
为了庆祝
in
celebration of ★★★
为了纪念
in honour /
memory of ★★★
风俗习惯
social
customs and habits ★★★
中国农历新年
Chinese
lunar new year ★★★
腊月
the twelfth
month of the lunar year ★★☆
正月
the first
month of the lunar year ★★☆
迎接新年的到来
welcome
the arrival of the new year ★★☆
除尘
clean the
house ★★☆
沐浴更衣
take a bath and put on clean clothes
★★☆
理发
have a haircut
★★☆
祛除晦气和霉运
get rid
of one’s bad luck /
ill
-
fortune ★★☆
置办年货
purchase
necessities for the new year ★★☆
招待亲朋好友
entertain
relatives and friends ★★☆
烘托节日的气氛
add an
air of festivity ★★☆
大年三十
Chinese New
Year’s Eve ★★★
贴春联
paste Spring
Festival couplets ★★☆
贴“福”字
paste the
Chinese character “Fu” ★★☆
贴窗花
paste window
paper-
cuts ★★☆
吃团圆年夜饭
have New
Year Eve reunion dinner ★★☆
看春晚
watch the
Spring Festival Gala ★★☆
燃放烟花爆竹
set off
fireworks and firecrackers ★★☆
辞旧迎新
ring out the
Old Year; ring in the New Ye
ar ★★☆
正月初一
the first day of the lunar new year ★★★
穿上新衣新鞋
put on new clothes and shoes ★★☆
祈求新的开始
pray for a new beginning in life ★★☆
新年贺礼
New Year gifts / presents
★★☆
走亲访友
visit / call on relatives and friends
★★☆
给……拜年
give sb. New Year greetings ★★☆
红包
red packet / envelope ★★★
压岁钱
money given
to children as a New Year gift ★★☆
好运
good luck /
fortune ★★★
长寿
longevity ★★★
幸福
happiness
★★★
喜庆场合
festive
occasion ★★☆
灯会
lantern show / exhibition
★★☆
赏花灯
appreciate
colourful
lanterns ★★☆
猜灯谜
guess lantern riddles ★★☆
观看舞龙舞狮表演
watch
the dragon-
lion dance performances ★★☆
悠久历史文化
time-
honoured history and
culture ★★★
精神文化遗产
spiritual
and cultural heritage ★★☆
全球化飞速发展的今天
in
this rapidly globalizing world ★★☆
西方文化思想
Western
cultures and thoughts ★★☆
过洋节
celebrate the
Western festivals ★★☆
传统节日的传承
inheritance of traditional festivals
★★☆
弘扬中国传统文化
carry forward traditional Chinese
culture ★★☆
传承中华传统美德
inherit
the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation ★★☆
增强民族凝聚力
e
nhance / strengthen
national cohesion ★★☆
2.
中国饮食文化
饮食文化
food culture
★★★
春卷
Chinese spring roll ★☆☆
汤圆
tangyuan
(sweet rice dumpling) ★☆☆
青团
qingtuan
(sweet green rice ball) ★☆☆
粽子
zongzi
(Chinese rice-
pudding) ★★★
月饼
mooncake
★★★
重阳糕
Double-
Ninth cake ★☆☆
饮食习惯
eating / dietary habits ★★★
主食
staple food
★★☆
大米/水稻
rice ★★★
馒头
steamed bun ★★★
面条
noodles ★★★
农作物
crop
★★★
小麦
wheat
★★★
副食
non-
staple / subsidiary food
★★☆
鸡肉
chicken ★★★
鸭肉
duck ★★★
鱼肉
fish
★★★
水果
fruit
★★★
蔬菜
vegetable
★★★
维持均衡的膳食
maintain
a well-
balanced diet ★★☆
摄取所需的营养
obtain
adequate nourishment ★★☆
确保健康
secure
physical health ★★☆
避免疾病
avoid /
prevent diseases ★★☆
传统待客之道
traditional hospitality ★★★
菜品种类丰富
a rich /
wide variety of dishes ★★☆
宴席
feast
/ banquet
★★★
凉菜
cold dish ★★★
开胃菜
appetizer ★★☆
味蕾
taste bud ★★☆
主菜
main course
★★★
热菜
hot dish
★★★
肉类
meat
★★★
家禽
poultry ★★★
海鲜
seafood
★★★
时蔬
seasonal
vegetable ★★★
甜点
dessert
★★★
清淡食物
light food
★★☆
解油腻
get rid of
the greasy feeling after eating fatty / oily food
★☆☆
助消化
help / facilitate digestion
★★☆
食材
ingredient ★★☆
烹饪风格
cooking
style ★★★
菜系
cuisine
★★★
家乡菜
hometown dish
★★☆
八大菜系
China’s 8 major regional cuisines ★★☆
川菜
Sichuan cuisine ★★☆
鲁菜
Sh
andong cuisine ★★☆
粤菜
Cantonese cuisine ★★☆
苏菜
Jiangsu
cuisine ★★☆
浙菜
Zhejiang cuisine ★★☆
闽菜
Fujian cuisine
★★☆
湘菜
Hunan cuisine
★★☆
徽菜
Anhui cuisine ★★☆
特色菜
speciality
★★☆
色、香、味俱全
a perfect
combination of appearance, aroma and flavour ★★☆
酸
sour
★★☆
甜
sweet ★★☆
苦
bitter ★★☆
辣
spicy ★★☆
咸
salty ★★☆
大厨
chef
★★☆
佐料
seasoning ★★☆
柴
firewood
★★☆
米
rice
★★☆
油
cooking oil
★★☆
盐
salt
★★☆
酱
sauce ★★☆
醋
vinegar ★★☆
茶
tea
★★☆
神农氏
Shennong
★☆☆
尝百草
taste
hundreds of herbs ★☆☆
解毒
clear away
toxic materials; get rid of the poisoning effect
★☆☆
茶馆
teahouse
★★☆
茶树
tea tree
★★☆
种植在山上
plant on
hills ★★☆
茶叶的质量
quality of tea leaves ★★☆
得名于
get name
because… ★★☆
浓郁
strong
★★☆
持久
long-
lasting ★★☆
清淡
faint
★★☆
香甜
sweet
★★☆
唇齿留香
f
eel the flavour in mouth /
on lips for a long time ★★☆
修身养性
cultivate
moral characters ★★☆
陶冶情操
cultivate
sentiments ★★☆
去除杂念
remove
distracting thoughts ★★☆
【补充词汇】
1.
二十四节气
立春
spring begins
★☆☆
雨水
more rain than
snow ★☆☆
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