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七年级上册英语语法及试题

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2021-02-13 20:17
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2021年2月13日发(作者:toby)



1


.动词


be



is,am,are


)的用法




(I)



am,



(you)


用< /p>


are



is


跟 着他


(he)


,她


(she)


,它


(it)


。单数名词用

is


,复数名词


全用


are


。变否定,更容易,


be


< br>not


加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一


条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。




2



this



that



it


用法

< br>


(1)this



that< /p>


是指示代词,


it


是人称代词。



(2)


距离说话人近的人或物用


this,


距离说话人远的人或物用


that


。如:



This is a flower.


这是一朵花。


(


近处


)


That is a tree.


那是一棵树。


(


远处


)

< p>
(3)


放在一起的两样东西,先说


this, < /p>


后说


that


。如:


This is a pen. That is a pencil.


这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。



(4)


向别人介绍某人时说


This is…, 不说


That is…。如:



This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.


这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。



(5)This is


不能缩写


,



That is


可以缩写。如:



This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。


< /p>


(6)


打电话时,介绍自己用


this,


询问对方用


that


。如:

< p>



Hello! Is that Miss Green?


喂,是格林小姐吗?



—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?



注意:


虽然汉 语中使用“我”和“你”,


但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:


I


am…,


Are


you…?


/Who are you?



(7)


在回答


this



that


作主语的疑问句 时


,


要用


it


代替


this



that

< p>
。如:



①—


Is this a notebook?


这是笔记本吗?




Yes, it is.


是的,它是。



②—What’s that? 那是什么?



—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。




3


these



those


用法



this,


that,


these


< p>
those


是指示代词,


these



this


的复数形式


,< /p>


指时间


,


距离较近的或

< br>下面要提到的人或事


;those


that


的复数形式


,


指时间、距 离较远或前面已经提到过的人


或事物。



①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。




These pictures are good.


那些画很好。




Are those apple trees?


那些是苹果树吗?



在回答主语是


these



those

< br>的疑问句时,通常用


they


代替


these



those


以避免重复 。


如:




Are these/those your apples?


这些


(


那些


)


是你的苹果吗?



Yes, they are.


是的,他们是。



< br>4


.名词+’s


所有格



单数名词后直接加



“ ’s ”:




Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套



Jeff’s mother


杰夫的妈妈




s


结尾的复数名词,只加“’”



Teachers’ Day


教师节


th


e twins’ books


双胞胎的书



不以


s


结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”



Children’s Day 儿童节



men’s shoes


男式鞋



表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s



Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈

< br>(


共同的妈妈,一个妈妈


)


表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s



Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)




5



There be


句型



(1)There


be


句型主要用以表达“某处


(某时)


有某人


(某物)



” 其基本结构为“There


be


+某物(某人)+某地(某时 )”其中


there


是引导词,没有词义;主语是


be


后面的名词,



be< /p>


是谓语动词,


在一般现在时中


be


只用


is



are< /p>


两种形式。


下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记


th ere


be


句型结构:



There be


放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:



There is a book on the desk.


有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:



On the desk there is a book.


(2)There be


句型中的


be


动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:


< br>Be


动词,有三个,


am



is


还有


are


。 “There be”真特别,不留


am


只留俩,那就是


is




are


。要用


is


还是


a re


,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用


is



否则就用


are


。如:




There is a tree behind the house.



There is some water


(水)


in the bottle


(瓶子)


.



There are some pears in the box.


(3)


注意:


如果“be” 后的主语是由


and


连接的两个或两个以上的名词,

< p>
那么


be


的形式要遵


循“ 远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。


若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用


is


,是复数就用


are


。如:




There is a book and some pens on the floor.



There are some pens and a book on the floor.



6



like


一词的用法



like


用作及物动词, 译为“喜欢”。



(1)


后接名词或代 词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:



I like the baby very much.


我非常喜欢这个小孩。



(2)


后接动名词


(v. -ing)


,表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:



Tom likes playing football.


汤姆喜欢踢足球。



(3)


后接动词不定式


(to do )


,表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:



I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening.


我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电


视。





7


.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素



(1)


主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词

< p>
,



I


→we,


you→you,


she,he,it→


they。



如:She is a girl. →They are girls.



(2)am



is


要变为


are


。如:



I’m a student. →We are students.



( 3)


不定冠词


a


an


要去掉。如:



He is a boy. →They are boys.



(4)


普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:



It is an apple. →They are apples.


< br>(5)


指示代词


this



that


要变为


these



those


。如:



This i


s a box. →These are boxes.




8


.英语日期的表示法



英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。



用英语表示日期,


其顺序为月


+



+


年,


日和年之间需用逗号隔开。


如:


August


2nd



2003(2003



8



2


日< /p>


)


。也可以用日


+



+


年来表示。如:


10th Ma y



2003(2003


< p>
5



10



)


英语日


期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月, 则用介词


in



若具体到某一天,


则需用介词


on





9.


时间的表达法



(1)


直读式,即直接读出时间数字



7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen


(2)


过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以


30


分为分界线)



1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two


3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five


(3)12


小时制



6:00 a.m.


上午


6



8:20 p.m.


下午


8



20




(4)24


小时制



13:00 13


点钟


22:15 22



15




(5)15


分可用


quarter


4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six


(6)


时间前通常用


at.


at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.




10. want


用法



(1)


想干什么用


want to do sth


They want to join the sports club.


他们想加入运动俱乐部。



(2)


第三人称单数作主语,


want


要作变化




He wants to play basketball.



Li Xia wants to play the piano.


(3)


变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词


do



does.


①-


Do you want to play soccer ball ?


-Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.



②-


Does he want to go home by bus ?


-Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t




形容词、副词和数词



一、单项选择。



1.


--Let



s watch TV.



--__________.


A. That



s sound good.


B. That sounds well


C. That



s sounds well


D. That sounds good


2.


--Let



s play soccer.



--No, it



s ____. Let



s watch TV


.


A. interesting



B. fun



C. boring



D. good


3.


--How are you today?


--_________.


A. I



m good



B. I



m nice


C. I



m fine



D. I don



t know.


4.


--What



s 22 in English?



Oh, it



s ____.


A. twenty two




B. twenty and two


C. twenty-two


D. thirty-two


5.


--Let



s play volleyball.



OK. ________.


A. It



s boring.



B. Yes, it



s good


C. No, I don



t



D. That sounds fun


6.


The ____question is much more difficult than this one.


A. sixth



B. six



C. sixteen



D. sixty


7.


--How old are you? ---_________.


A. I



m fourteen


B. I



m fourteen year old


C. I



m fourteen old D. I



m fourteen years.


8.


The kind of skirt looks ____and sells ____.


A. nice; well




B. nice; good


C. well; well



D. good; nice


9.


He sings and _____paints sometimes.


A. too



B. also



C. either


10.


He can play the guitar and sings, ____.


A. too



B. also



C. either


11.


I can



t dance, ____.


A. too



B. also



C. either


12.


The ____month of a year is December.


A. two



B. second




C. twelve



D. twelfth


13.


June is the _____month of the year.


A. five



B. six




C. seventh




D. sixth


14.


Today we are going to learn the ____lesson.


A. twenty




B. 20



C. twentieth



D. twentyth


二、写出下列数字相应的英文形式。



12__________



____________


14___________



____________


16__________



____________



20___________



____________


23__________



_____________


27___________



_____________


19__________



_____________


30____________



_____________


18__________



_____________


15____________



_____________


40__________



_____________


50____________



_____________


1___________



_____________


3___________



____________


9__________




____________


2___________



_____________


5___________



______________


三、句型转换



1.


The yellow shirt is sixteen yuan.(


对划线部分提问


)


______




______is the yellow shirt?


2.


My new shorts are blue. (


对划线部分提问


)


______



_____are your new shorts?


3.



What can I do for you? (


同义句转换


)


______I _____you?


4.



Let



s have a look at the pictute. (


同义句转换


) Let



s _____



______the picture.


5.



How much is the pencil? (


同义句转换


)


______the _____of the pencil?


6.



The girl is my sister. She is in red. (


合成一个句子


)The girl _____



_____is my sister.


7.



They are white shirts. (


改成单数句子


)


____a white ______.


8.



Mary



s birthday is October eleventh. (


对划线部分提问


)


______



______Mary



s birthday?


连词和介词



一、单项选择。



1.


--Where is my notebook?---_________.


A. It on desk




B. It in drawer


C. It



s under the chair.


D. It



s behind door


2.


He only watches volleyball games ____TV


.


A. in





B. at





C. on





D. under


3.


He has three hamburgers ____lunch.


A. for





B. to





C. at





D. on


4.


I like fruit, ____he doesn



t.


A. and




B. but




C. or




D. do


5.


I have a green sweater, ____I don



t like it.


A. and




B. or





C. so





D. but


6.


Great! They have shirts ____many colors.



A. are





B. on





C. is





D. in

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