-
2015
统考英语
B-
阅读理解(
1
)
-
正误判断
阅读理解总分
20
p>
分,分为两部分:
第一部分为正误判断,
第二部分为四选一。其中每题
2
分,各
5
题。
第二部分为
< br>必考部分
,选自统考教材,
20
篇抽取一篇,
这一部分大家必须拿分
!
第一部分:正误判断(
15
篇)
正误判断做题“
三步曲
”
:
第
1
步:
先看问题,找问题中的
关键点
;
第
2
步:
回归原文定位,找到与
关键点
有关的句
子;
第
3
步:
根据问题,找出
区别或相似之处,
最终
选择
注意:正误判断题答案二选一,相对来说难度较低,投机
几率大。
(
50%
的概率)
第一部分:正误判断(
15
篇)
(
1-6
< br>篇有分析,
7-15
篇尝试自己分析一下,不懂可以问我
)
Passage 1
No
one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut
open by a surgeon and part of it taken out.
Today, however, we needn't worry about
feeling pain during the operation. The sick person
falls
into a kind of sleep, and when he
awakes, the operation is finished. But these happy
conditions are
fairly new. It is not
many years since a man who had to have operation
felt all its pain.
Long ago, operation
had usually to be done while the sick man could
feel everything. Soon
after
1770,
Josept
Priestley
discovered
a
gas
which
is
now
called
'laughing
gas'.
Laughing
gas
became known in America. Young men and
women went to parties to try it. Most of them
spent
their time laughing, but one man
at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people
didn't seem to feel
pain when they were
using this gas. He decided to make an experiment
on himself. He asked a
friend to help
him.
Wells took some of the gas, and
his friend pulled out one of Well's teeth. Wells
felt no pain at
all.
As he
didn't know enough about laughing gas, he gave a
man less gas than he should have.
The
man cried out with pain when his tooth was being
pulled out.
Wells tried again, but this
time he gave too much of the gas, and the man
died. Wells never
forgot this terrible
event.
is not long since a man felt
all the pain while being operated.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
ago, when the sick man was operated on, he could
feel nothing.
the laughing gas, the
people seemed to feel pain during the operation.
a man took less laughing gas than he
should have when an operation went on, he still
felt pain.
who took too
much of the laughing gas would die.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 2
In choosing a
friend, one should be very careful. A good friend
can help you study. You can
have fun
together and make each other happy. Sometimes you
will meet fair weather friends. They
will be with you as long as you have
money or luck, but when you are down, they will
run away.
How
do
I
know
when
I
have
found
a
good
friend?
I
look
for
certain
qualities
of
character,
especially understanding, honesty and
reliability (
可靠
).
A
good
friend,
above
all
else,
tries
to
understand
how another
person
is
feeling. He
is
not
quick to judge. Instead,
he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in
the other person's place,
and he tries
to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good
listener.
At the same time, a good
friend is honest. He does not look for faults in
others. He notices
their good points.
In short, a friend will try to understand me and
accept me.
Another quality of a friend
is reliability. I can always depend on a good
friend. If he tells me
he will meet me
somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he
will be there. If I need a favor,
he
will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble,
he will not run away from me.
When I
meet someone who is reliable, honest, and
understanding, I know I've found a friend!
writer thinks that one of the
important qualities in choosing a friend is
understanding.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
you have fair weather friends, you will be lucky.
friends need to understand each
other's feelings.
passage
is mainly discussing the qualities of a friend.
meaning
of
the
phrase
'a
fair
weather
friend'
underlined
in
the
1st
paragraph
is
a
friend
who shares
difficulties with you
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 3
There was once an
ant that was very thirsty. It ran here and there
looking for some water but
could not
find any. Then suddenly, when the ant was almost
ready to die of thirst, a large drop of
water fell on it. The ant drank the
water, which saved its life. The water was
actually a tear from a
young girl who
was crying. Because of her sadness, the tear had
magical qualities and suddenly
the ant
could speak the language of human beings.
The ant looked up and saw the young
girl sitting in front of a huge pile of seeds.
separate heaps of
grain, barley
(大麦)
and
rye
(黑麦)
out of this huge pile
of seeds in which they
are all mixed to
gether.
supper!
Soon thousands of ants were at
work, separating the three kinds of seeds.
The next morning, when the giant saw
that the work had been done, he let the girl go.
Thus it was one of her
tears that saved her life.
ant was playing when it ran here and there.
A
:
T
B
:
F
drop of water fell on the ant when it was nearly
dying.
A
:
T
B
:
F
young girl was crying because she wanted to have
supper.
A
:
T
B
:
F
giant would eat the girl if she failed to do the
work.
A
:
T
B
:
F
ant's friends saved the girl's life.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 4
Mr. White lived in
a small village. His parents hadn't enough money
to send him to school.
He had
to
help
them
to
do something
in
the
fields.
But
he didn't
like
to
live
in
the
poor
place.
When he was sixteen, he got to the town
and found work in a factory. Three years later he
became
tall and strong. So he was sent
to Africa as a soldier. He stayed there for five
years and got some
money. Then he came
back to England and bought a shop in a small town.
No people in the town
went to Africa
except him. And he hoped they thought he was a
famous man and that they could
respect
him. The children often asked him to tell them
some stories and his life in Africa.
One day a few children asked him to
tell them something about the animals in Africa.
He told
them
how
he
fought
with
the
tigers
and
elephants.
His
stories
surprised
them
all
and
some
policemen
and
workers
went
to
listen
to
him.
It
made
him
happier.
Just
a
man
who
taught
geography in a middle
school passed there. He stopped to listen to him
for a while and then said,
“Could you
please tell us a rare animal, sir?”
''Certainly,' said Mr. Turner. “One day
I met a rhinoceros
(犀牛)
by a river…''
“Please wait a minute, sir,” said the
man. “There aren't any rhinoceros in Africa at
all!''
“It's rare just
because there aren't any!”
.
White was born in a farmer's family.
A
:
T
B
:
F
.
White hoped to be respected because he was the
richest man in their town.
A
:
T
B
:
F
children often asked him to tell them something
interesting because he knew more than any
other person in the town.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
Passage 5
There were once
many sheiks
(阿拉伯的酋长)
who
wanted to marry Queen Maura, for she
was one of the most beautiful and
powerful queens of Arabia.
However, she
did not like most of the sheiks, and soon there
were only three left on her list of
possible husbands.
These
three sheiks were all equally young and handsome,
rich and strong.
It was very hard for
the Queen to choose the best one.
One
evening,
she
disguised
herself
and
went
to
where
the
three
sheiks
were
having
their
evening meal.
She asked them
to give her something to eat.
The first
sheik gave her some
stale
(不新鲜的)
food left over
from the day before.
The second sheik
gave her a tough piece of old camel's tail.
The third sheik, whose name was Hakim,
gave her some of the most
tender
(嫩的)
and tasty
meat.
After the meal, Queen
Maura left the sheiks' camp.
The next
day, she invited the three sheiks to dinner at her
palace.
She told her servants to give
each sheik what he had given her the evening
before.
Hakim, who received a plate of
tender and tasty meat, would not eat it unless the
other two
sheiks could share it with
him.
Queen Maura was now certain which
of the sheiks she wanted to marry.
“Hakim is the most generous of you,”
she told them, “so I want to marry him and he will
become king.”
queen was looking for a husband.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
Queen disguised herself because she didn't want to
be recognized by the sheiks.
gave the sheiks some stale food to eat
the next evening.
wanted
to eat his meal because it was very tasty.
people believed except
the children.
. White wouldn't like to
admit that he was wrong.
Queen finally decided to marry Hakim the next
evening after the meal.
A
:
T
Passage 6
Martin
Luther
King
was
a
black
minister,
who
became
a
great
leader
of
the
civil
rights
movement in the 1950s and 1960s.
King was born on January 15, 1929 in
Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was
strongly
influenced by Thoreau and
Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent
resistance. Having
received
a
Ph.
D
(Doctor
of
Philosophy)
from
Boston
University,
he
became
a
political
and
religious leader of the non-violent
civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28,
1963, he led
over
250,000
Americans
on
a
march
in
Washington
D.C.
to
fight
for
the
Civil
Rights
Law
to
guarantee
equality for all people, and delivered his best
known speech
the Lincoln Memorial. The
White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel
Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four
years
later.
Though he died,
he was greatly respected and loved by the
Americans, both the white and the
black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the
third Monday of every January is now a federal
holiday in
Luther King's honor. He
lives in people's hearts forever.
1.
Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39
years old.
A. T
B. F
2. Martin
Luther King was a black minister only.
A. T
B. F
3. Martin
Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for
more than 40 years.
A. T
B. F
4. The underlined word
A. T
B.
F
5. The best title for this passage is
A. T
B. F
Passage 7
If
you
travel
by
air
across
the
center
of
Africa
or
South
America,
you
fly
over
forests
for
thousands
of
kilometers.
These
great
forests
are
the
oceans
of
trees.
There
are
thousands
and
thousands of different kinds of plants
and animals.
However, the world's
forests are getting smaller all the time. We are
cutting down the trees
because we need
wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say
that there will not be any
forests like
these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they
disappear?
If we cut down our forests,
a lot of plants and animals will disappear from
the world. In a lot
of places the new
farmland will soon look like the old deserts.
Crops will not grow there. It will
not
rain very often, and the weather will get very
hot. Perhaps the climate of the world will change.
B
:
F
This will be dangerous for everyone in
the world. That is why we must take care of our
forests.
passage mainly
tells us about the importance of taking care of
plants.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
Passage 8
The French
Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France
was in a crisis. The government
was
badly
run
and
people’s
lives
were
miserable.
King
Louis
XIV
tried
to
control
the
national
parliament
and
raise
more
taxes.
But
his
effort
failed.
He
ordered
his
troops
to
Versailles.
The
people thought that Louis intended to
put down the Revolution by force. On July 14,
1789, they
stormed and took the
Bastille, where political prisoners were kept.
Ever since that day, July 14 has
been
the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the
country in 1792, to get support from Austria
and Prussia. However, he was caught and
put in prison. In September 1792, the
monarchy was
abolished. In
the same year, Louis was executed. A few months
later his wife, Marie, also had her
head
cut
off.
The Revolution
of
France
had
frightened the
other
kings
of Europe. Armies
from
Austria and Prussia
began to march against France. The French raised
republican armies to defend
the nation.
The Revolution went through a period of terror.
Thousands of people lost their lives. In
the end, power passed to Napoleon
Bonaparte.
passage is about the French
Revolution.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
Passage 9
A foreigner’s
first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that
everyone is in a rush —
often
under pressure. City people appear
always to be hurrying to get where they are going
restlessly,
seeking
attention
in
a
store,
and
elbowing
others
as
they
try
to
complete
their
errands
(
任务
).
national economy was developing rapidly in 1789.
political prisoners were
kept in Prussia.
underlined word “abolished” mean “ended”.
effect of the Revolution
was that the King tried to control the national
parliament.
s are homes for
different kinds of animals.
need for more wood and more land help
to protect our forests.
'll have more
and greater forests in 20 or 30 years in some
people's view.
writer thinks it
necessary to protect the forests.
Racing through daytime meals is part of
the pace of life in this country.
Working time is considered precious.
Others in public eating places are waiting for
you to
finish so that they
too can be served and get back to work within the
time allowed. Each person
hurries to
make room for the next person. If you don’t,
waiters will hurry you.
You
also find drivers will be abrupt and that people
will push past you. You will miss smiles,
b
rief conversations, and
small courtesies with strangers. Don’t take it
personally. This is because
people
value
time
highly,
and
they
resent
someone
else
“wasting”
it
beyond
a
certain
courtesy
point.
The
view
of
time
affects
the
importance
we
attach
to patience.
In
the American
system
of
values,
patience is not a high priority. Many of us have
what might be called “a short fuse.” We
begin to move restlessly about if we
feel time is slipping away without some return
—
be this in
terms
of
pleasure,
work
value,
or
rest.
Those
coming
from
lands
where
time
is
looked
upon
differently
may
find
this
matter
of
pace
to
be
one
of
their
most
difficult
adjustments
in
both
business
and daily life.
Many newcomers to the
States will miss the opening courtesy of a
business call, for example,
they will
miss the ritual socializing that goes with a
welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be
traditional in their own country. They
may miss leisurely business chats in a
café
or coffeehouse.
Normally,
Americans
do
not
assess
their
visitors
in
such
relaxed
surroundings
over
prolonged
small talks. We
seek out evidence of past performance rather than
evaluate a business colleague
through
social courtesies. Since we generally assess and
probe professionally rather than socially,
we start talking business very quickly.
statement that Americans are impolite
to their business colleagues is wrong.
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
A
:
T
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
B
:
F
Passage 10
Sixteen-year-old
Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo
Domingo. She was leaving
her native
country to join her sister in the United States.
She spoke English very well. Though she
was very happy she could go abroad, she
was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends.
As she
was
thinking
all
about
this,
she
suddenly
heard
the
airline
employee
asking
her
to
pick
up
her
luggage
and put it on the scales
(
称
). Maria pulled and
pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just
couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her
got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check
in his
the fourth paragraph, “a high
priority” means “a first concern”.
ans evaluate a business colleague by
establishing business relations.
passage mainly talks about how
Americans do business with foreigners.
can infer from the passage that the
author’s tone in writing is praiseful.
luggage.“What’s wrong with this girl?”
He said, “Why doesn’t she hurry up?” He moved
forward
and placed his bag
on the counter, hoping to check in first. He was
in a hurry to get a good seat.
Maria
was very angry, but she was very polite. And in
her best English she said, “Why are you so
upset? There are enough seats for
everyone on the pl
ane. If you are in
such a hurry, why can’t you
give
me
a
hand
with
my
luggage?”The
man
was
surprised
to
hear
Maria
speak
English.
He
quickly picked up her luggage and
stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with
disapproval.
’s story happened on
h
er way back to Santo Domingo.
A
:
T
B
:
F
believe that the work of the airline
employee mentioned in the story is to check
people’s
luggage at the airport.
A
:
T
B
:
F
8.”Why are you so upset?” Maria said to
the man. She wanted to tell him that he
should
not be
unhappy and
worried.
A
:
T
B
:
F
9.”Everyone was looking at him with
disapproval.” This sentence means that the people
around
felt sorry for Maria’s manners.
A
:
T
B
:
F
author mentioned Maria’s age at the
beginning of the story in order to show
that she was
young but behaved
properly.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 11
In 1933 an
unknown American called Clarence Nash went to see
the filmmaker Walt Disney.
He had an
unusual voice and he wanted to work in Disney's
cartoon
(动画片)
film
for children.
When Walt Disney heard
Nash's voice, he said,
The
duck
was
the
now-famous
Donald
Duck,
who
first
appeared
in
1934
in
the
film
The
Wise Little Hen. Donald
lived in an old houseboat and wore his sailor
jacket and hat. Later that
year he
became a star after an eight-minute Mickey Mouse
film. The cinema audience liked him
because he was lazy and greedy, and
because he lost his temper very quickly. And they
loved his
voice when he became angry
with Mickey's eight nephews. Soon Donald was more
popular than
Mickey Mouse himself,
probably because he wasn't a goody-goody like
Mickey.
In the 1930s, 40s and 50s
Donald and his friends Mickey, Goofy and Pluto
made hundreds of
Disney
cartoons.
He
also
made
educational
films
about
the
place
of
the
USA
in
the
world
and
safety
in the home. Then in 1966 Donald Duck and his
voice disappeared---there were no more
new
cartoons.
Clarence
Nash
died
in
February,
1985.
But
today's
children
can
still
see
the
old
cartoons on television
and hear that famous voice.
6. Walt
Disney made Donald Duck film.
A
:
T
B
:
F
7.
The first Donald Duck film was made in 1934.
A
:
T
B
:
F
8. Clarence Nash was a film-maker
A
:
T
B
:
F
9.
The underlined word
A
:
T
B
:
F
10.
The
underlined
word
in
the
second
paragraph
means
a
person
who
likes
to
appear to be faultless in behavior.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 12
A man got into a
train and found himself sitting opposite a woman
who seemed to be about
thirty-five
years old. Soon they began talking to each other,
and the man said to her,
a
family?
And does your
son drink wine?
I
congratulate
you,
ma'am,
the
man
said.
does
he
ever
come
home
late
at
night?
six
months
old
today.
But
he
will
grow
up
to
be
a
gentleman,
the
woman
replied
proudly.
6
.
The man and the
woman are talking about the woman's son.
A
:
T
B
:
F
7
.
The woman
thinks her son will be a gentleman.
A
:
T
B
:
F
8
.
The
conversation took place on a train.
A
:
T
B
:
F
9
.
The
word
probably
best
de
scribes
the
man’s
feeling
at
the
end
of
the
conversation.
A
:
T
B
:
F
10
、
The woman is
so proud of her son that she does not really
understand what the man's questions
mean.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 13
Great changes
have been made in family life because of science
and industry.
In the past, when more
Americans lived on farms, the typical family had
many children. In a
farm family,
parents and their children often lived with
grandparents. Ofen, too, uncles and aunts
lived
nearby.
But
when
industry
became
more
important
than
agriculture
in
American
life,
families became smaller because
industry requires workers who are ready and able
to move off the
land and to move again
whenever necessary. And large families can not be
moved from place to
place as smaller
families , at present people tend to have smaller
families.
In
the
future,
because
of
industrialization,
a
typical
family
will
be
required
to
move
even
more often than now, so families will
be even smaller. The typical family may remain
childless
and consists only of a man
and a woman. A small number of families may take
child raising as
their
chief
work.
At
the
same
time
they
may
also
raise
other
people’s
children,
leaving
those
families free to move
from job to job.
6. The passage
discusses influence of science and industry on
American families.
A
:
T
B
:
F
7.
Families of the past, the present and the future
are described in the passage.
A
:
T
B
:
F
8.
People no longer want to have children.
A
:
T
B
:
F
9.
Grandparents will take the chief responsibility of
raising children in the future.
A
:
T
B
:
F
10. Large families cannot fit in with a
highly industrialized society.
A
:
T
B
:
F
Passage 14
Albert Einstein
had a great effect on science and history. Greaer
than whan only a few other
men have
achieved. An American university president once
commented that Einstein had created a
new
outlook,
a
new
view
of
the
universe.
It
may
be
some
time
before
the
average
mind
understands
fully
the
identity
(
特性
)
of
time
and
space
and
so
on
—
but
even
ordinary
men
understand now that the
universe is something larger than ever thought
before.
By
1914
the
young
Einstein
had
gained
world
fame.
He
accepted
the
offer
to
become
a
professor
at
the
Prussian
Academy
of
Science
in
Berlin.
He
had
few
duties,
little
teaching
and
unlimited opportunities
for study, but soon his peace and quiet were
broken by the First World War.
Einstein
hated violence. The misery of war affected him
deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office
doing little. He lost interest in his
research. Only
when peace came in 1918
was he able to get
back to work.
In
the
years
following
the
First
World
War,
honors
were
increasingly
heaped
on
him.
He
became
the
head
of
the
Kaiser
Whilhem
Institute
of
Theoretical
Physics.
In
1921
he
won
the
Nobel Prize for Physics, and he was
highly honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism
(
纳粹主
义
) when he
was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
6. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is the
change in human thought produced by Einstein
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