大英3.unit4,book3课后习题答案

U3b4 Reference key to the exercises

1. 1) Introduction (

Para.

1):

Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.

2) Students’ weaknesses in career planning (

Para.

2):

i. Most students choose from a very narrow group of occupations.

ii. 40 to 60 percent of the students choose professional occupations, but only

15 to 18 percent of the work force is engaged in professional work.

iii. Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job opportunities.

iv. A third of the students are unable to express any choice of occupation.

3) Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (

Para.

3-5)

i. Complacency

–

ignoring challenging information.

ii. Defensive avoidance

–

resorting to wishful thinking or daydreaming.

iii. Hypervigilance

–

searching frantically for career possibilities and seizing

on hastily invented solutions.

4) Keys to career planning (

Para.

6-11)

i. Study yourself.

ii. Write your career goals down.

iii. Review your plans and your progress periodically with another person.

iv. If you choose a career that does not fit you, you can start over.

5) Changes in careers (Para. 12-13)

i. Few changes involve downward movement; most involve getting ahead.

ii. Job changes and career shifts occur at all ages.

6) Conclusion (

Para.

14-15)

Although there is no sure way to make career plans work out, there are things that you can do now to

shape your career possibilities.

2. 1) T

2) T

3) F

4) T

5) F

6) T

7) T

8) T

9) T

10) F

11) T

12) F

Vocabulary

1. 1) acceptable

2) efficiency

3) implications

4) instability

5) rationalize

6) evaluation

7) foreseeable

8) invention

9) hastily

10) probability

11) professional

12) challenging

13) defensive

14) personality

2. 1) in case

2) Every so often

3) resort to

4) talk over

5) start over

6) in reality

7) at stake

8) seized on

9) leading to

10) take stock of

3. 1) programs

2) way

3) technical

4) both

5) provided

6) who

7) such

8) needed

9) opportunities

10) when

11) to

12) Completion 13) holding 14) early

15) hire

16) promote

17) up

18) educating

1

Translation

1. He underwent a major heart surgery several years ago.

2. We estimated that it would take a week to finish the work.

3. I used to enjoy photography, but I now have no time to pursue any hobbies.

4. You may love someone but not necessarily have to marry him.

5. Terrorists resort to violence to achieve their political aims.

6. He says he

’

ll stay in the office this afternoon in case you want to see him.

7. Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth.

8. These examples demonstrate how badly some students write their ré

sumé

s.

Part Three

Further Development

1. Enriching Your Word Power

1) A

2) B

3) C

4) B

5) C

6) A

7) C

8) B

9) B

10) C

2. Interpreting Proverbs

1) All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

If someone works too hard, they will not be able to think quickly. This proverb emphasizes the importance of balancing

work and relaxation. Too much work makes a person dull. But on the other hand, too much play makes a person

good for nothing.

2) Many hands make light work.

人多好办事。

If there are many people working on a job, the job will be finished quickly and efficiently.

For example, after a big

dinner party, there are always a lot of dishes to wash and it is not a very interesting job

–

so with many people the work

can be done quickly.

Here the teacher may draw the students’ attention to another proverb –

Too many cooks spoil the broth (

厨师多了烧坏汤

—

意指一个人作主就够了

) --

meaning ―too many people doing the same thing will get in each other’s way and do a bad

job‖.

3) A bad workman always blames his tools.

自己笨，怪刀钝。

Someone who cannot do their work well always blames their tools, rather than accepting his/her own responsibility. This

proverb is intended to satirize those who never find anything wrong with themselves. Instead, when any problem arises, they

will blame others.

4. 1) G

2) D

3) B

4) H

5) I

Notes:

1)

In ad A

, ―light typing‖ means they wouldn’t have to type very much.

2)

In ad C

, ―

power lighting design

‖

means the design of lights for a room, building, or street.

3)

In ad D

, ―detail

-

oriented‖ means careful and meticulous.

4)

In ad F

, ―financial statements‖ means report of the finances (of a certain company) (

财务报告

).

In ad G

, ―legal trainee‖ means someone who has received training concerning legal matters.

5. What Matters Most?

-- a high salary;

-- lots of perks (

工资以外的实物或好处

), e.g. a company car, reimbursing travel expenses, vacation;

-- an opportunity, through your job, to serve others in the community / in society;

-- good promotion prospects;

-- a pleasant, friendly working atmosphere;

-- short working hours

–

not more than 35 hours a week;

2