-
句型
1
：
前进类（用来论证好的方面）
1
profit from
People the world over can profit from
the advancement in motorized flight.
★
2
A is an
indispensable part of B.
Advertising has become an indispensable
part of our lives and it has been exerting
pro-
found influence on the way we live,
work, play and learn.
★
★
3
something plays a pivotal role
in
…
It is
universally acknowledged that education plays a
pivotal role in individual success.
★
★
4
enable somebody to do something
Cultural assimilation enables newly-
arrived immigrants to get ahead in the new society
successfully.
5
get accustomed to something
New immigrants must get accustomed to
the local culture to succeed.
6
Someone can utilize
something
In this day and
age, many individuals can utilize the Internet via
computers or mobile
phones.
★
7
something is
in the best interests of someone
(
最符合某人的利益
)
Preserving the endangered animals is in
the best interests of humanity.
8
contribute
to
…
Various
factors contributed to his downfall
Students should not only learn academic
knowledge but also do volunteer work in
commu-
nities, thereby making
contribution to their cities.
9
something consolidates its
status as the
…
English has been consolidating its
status as the dominant language in the
world.
倒退类（用来论证负面的方面）
1
…
is attended by
…
(
伴随着
)
The staggering advancement of
technology is attended by severe pollution of the
ecosys-
tem.
2
The more
…
the
more
…
The more
vehicles on the roads; the more traffic congestion
to occur
.
★
3
A can be
attributed to B
The
proliferation of traffic accidents can be in large
measure attributed to the traffic law
not being stringentstrict
enough.
★
4
be afflicted
with
In present-day society,
a host of countries are afflicted with chronic
poverty.
5
deprive someone of something
Modern cities deprive city-dwellers of
fresh air and the comfortable pace of
life.
6
something
impels somebody to do
…
Peer pressure often impels youngsters
to spend excessively on fancy clothes and
accesso-
ries
（饰品）
.
★
7 A has rendered B +
形容词或者名词，
We must
ensure that technological innovations will not
render us slaves to high
technol-
ogy.
The
fast-paced way of life has rendered many people
alienated from one another
.
8
A recent study conducted
by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences revealed
that
…
(
如果是教育问题用
UNESCO,
如
果犯罪问题可以用
the Chinese Ministry of Justice
,
交通问
题可以用
the
Chinese Ministry of
Transportation,
建筑问题可以用
the
Chinese Ministry of Con-
struction,
环境问题可以用
HSUS and Greenpeace
)
A recent study conducted
by HSUS and Greenpeace suggested that there were
over one
million
mammals
（哺乳动物）
in
lab cages
（笼子）
today.
一个数据就说明了人类现在虐待动物的
情况有多么严重。当然，请注意这里的数据编得不能太夸张，否则考官就会怀疑数据的真实性了。
9
be addicted to
something
In present-day
society, many individuals are addicted to /
preoccupied with various forms
of
gambling.
10
something is the root cause
of
…
The
population explosion is the root cause of water
scarcity.
★
★
11
be confronted with something In
contemporary society
, we are
confronted
with a
plethora
（过剩）
of violent and
pornographic TV shows.
★
★
12
pose a threat to
…
In the contemporary society, the
proliferation of non-biodegradable
（不可降解的）
rubbish
poses a threat to humanity.
13
be inundated with
something
（充满）
The media are inundated with detailed
crime coverage.
14
If,,,, something will
ensue.
（伴随）
If
parents neglect their offspring, lack of
discipline and respect will ensue.
15
With the
incidence
（发生率）
of
…
hovering at high levels,
many have become
disturbed and
alarmed.
With the incidence
of driving offenses hovering at high levels, many
have become dis-
turbed and
alarmed.
★
★
16
something is unwarranted
（不可接受的）
Experimenting upon lab animals without
trying to alleviate their pain is
unwarranted.
17
at the expense
of
…
We should not
develop economy at the expense of the environment.
中间类
1
support (
支持
)/
oppose
（反对）
…
on the grounds that
< br>…
（
鉴于）
Some oppose animal experimentation on
the grounds that it is barbarous and
inhumane.
2
exert
beneficial / detrimental / profound influence on
something.
In this day and
age, globalization is exerting profound impact on
the way we work, live,
play and
learn.
3
A
prevail over / outweigh / outbalance B.
The advantages of punishment for
driving offenders prevail over its
disadvantages.
4
A create / bring about / generate / breed /
engender / spawn / induce B.
Technological innovations have brought
about profound changes to the political, economic
and cultural fields.
5
A is a key
determinant of B.
In an
individual
’
s
career
,
tenacity
（不屈不挠）
is a key
determinant of success.
★
6
It is manifest
that
…
或者
It is
universally acknowledged
that
…
Undeniably,..
It
is manifest that globalization can bring numerous
benefits to the lives of people in the
Third-World countries.
7
It is standard practice
for someone to do something
In contemporary China, it is standard
practice for Chinese youths to choose Hollywood
blockbusters over domestic films.
8
A is best
characterized by
…
A fine journalist is best characterized
by discipline, determination and penetrating
obser-
vations.
9
A constitutes
…
（由<
/p>
…
所组成）
Animal experimentation, in some cases,
constitutes cruel abuse of test
animals.
★
10
someone would be well-advised to do
something
（做
…
事情是对的）
Parents would
be well-advised if they spend more time with their
offspring.
解决类
★
★
1
give priority to something
The government should give priority to
the optimization(
最优化
)of its
financial resources.
2
dedicate A to B
The government should dedicate more
money to the alleviation of chronic
poverty.
3
be
likely to fall prey to / be vulnerable to(
< br>很易
于
…
.)
< br>
Without proper parental guidance,
children are very vulnerable to the violent or
porno-
graphic content on TV
shows.
4
something should be condemned rather
than condoned.
Indiscriminat
e(
不加区别的
) copying of
traditional architectural style today should be
con-
demned rather than
condoned.
5 i
t is
imperative
/ crucial / key / essential
that
…
或者
something
is of paramount / over-
riding
importance.
To the newly-
arrived immigrants, it is imperative that they
adapt to the local culture
promptly(
及时的
).
6
something requires / necessitates /
calls for
…
The
severe ecological problem requires / necessitates
/ calls for joint effort of all the
na-
tions on the globe.
7
distinguish between A and
B
Many youngsters lack the
capacity to distinguish between right and
wrong.
?
Topic one
?
to cultivate
one's independence
培养独立性
?
to develop a
strong sense of responsibility
培养强烈的责任感
?
to foster a
sense of competition and cooperation
培养竞争和合作感
?
be necessary to
sth
对
...
是必要的
?
in one's
future career/development
在未来的事业发展中
?
to enhance
one's social awareness/consciousness/realization
提高人们的社会意
识
?
to become more
socially adaptable
更具社会适应性
?
to keep pace
with the outside world
跟上外面世界的步伐
?
to build up/
establish one's confidence
建立自信
?
offer somebody a sense of achievement/
accomplishment
给与成就感
?
to
actualize/realize one's value and capability
实现价值与能力
?
to make
money/earn money
挣钱
?
to form a good
habit of frugality/thrift
养成勤俭的习惯
?
to provide a
chance/opportunity for sb
提供机会
?
to apply A into B
把
A
应用到
B
中
?
to apply for sth
申请
?
in return/in reward
作为回报
?
obtain/acquire/reap/gain/attain
获取
?
cooperate and compromise
合作与妥协
?
to master
interpersonal skills
掌握人际关系技巧
?
to
ease/lessen/relieve financial strain/burden
缓解经济压力和负担
?
to enjoy a more
colorful and interesting campus life
享受多彩和有趣的校园生活
?
to widen one's
horizon
拓宽视野
?
to shape one's
character
塑造性格
?
to exert a
negative/adverse impact on one's study and life
对学习很生活产生负
面的影响
?
to have a
positive influence on
sth/sb
对学习很生活产生正面的影响
?
take up/occupy
one
’
s space and time
占用时间和空间
?
the sole task/
the main task
主要任务
?
to make the
best of/ to make full use of/ to take the
advantage of
充分利用
?
be essential
to/be fundamental to/ be basic to
对
...
是很根本的
?
be mature and
rational/be immature and irrational
成熟和
理性的
/
或相反
?
be vulnerable
to/ be exposed to
对
...
是敏感的
/
暴露在
...<
/p>
?
social evils
社会罪恶
?
to go astray/be
led into traps/to become lost sheep/to fall down
the slippery
slope
误入歧途
?
to tell/distinguish/differentiate right
from wrong
明辨是非
?
distinguished
and outstanding
特点鲜明的
?
It is
unavoidable that
…
是不可避免的
?
to become
money-oriented/money-pursuing/money worship
变成拜金主义
?
be spiritually
contaminated/poisoned/polluted
精神污染
?
the bulging pockets
鼓鼓的钱包
?
to lead sb to
the false conception that/to make sb get wrong
ideas about/to
make sb misunderstand
that
使人误解
?
It is no use
doing sth
做
...
没有用
?
to raise /revoke/arouse doubt about the
necessity/feasibility of sth
质疑
< br>...
的有
用性
?
at the
cost/price of
以
...
为代价
?
demonstrate/illustrate/display one's
ability in sth
展示在
...
的能力
?
distract one's attention to sth
使人分心
?
to keep/strike a good balance between A
and B
保持
A
和
B
之间的平衡
?
lag behind
落后
?
give priority to sth/ attach importance
to sth/ lay emphasis on sth
优先
...
?
up side/down
side merit/demerit
优点和缺点
?
Topic
two
?
?
to
shoulder/assume the responsibility
承担责任
?
be blamed partially for sth
为
...
负部分的责任
?
the bad
behaviors of sb
某人的不齿行为
?
refrain sb from
sth/ prevent sb from sth
限制
.
..
做某事
?
be badly
spoiled
被惯坏
?
pave the way
for
为
...
铺平道路
?
in terms
of /as
…
as be concerned
就
...
而言
?
the legitimate
guardians
立法监督
?
be duty-bound
to do sth
有责任做
...
?
to give proper
guidance/instructions to sb
适度的引导
?
to
urge/spur/activate sb to do sth
引导
...
做
?
to
strengthen/consolidate the supervision over sb/sth
加强对
…
的监督
?
remind sb of
sth/remind sb to do sth
提醒
..
.
某事
?
the importance and seriousness of sth
...
的严重性和重要性
?
one's mischief
and misconduct
某人的不正当行为
?
attribute to
/result from/owe to
归功于
...
?
contribute to
/result in/bring about/cause/lead to/give rise to
导致
…
?
laxity/negligence/excessive
permissiveness
松懈
?
be closely linked/associated with
和
...
有紧密的联系
?
specialize in
sth
专注于
...
?
consequently/
as result
因此
?
resort to/ turn
to sth
求助于
...
?
corporal
punishment
体罚
...
?
one
’
s
psychological development
心理发育
?
to bear heavy psychological
burden/strain
承受巨大的心理压力
?
to add to the
mental strain to sb
带来心理压力
?
to cause the
estrangement/isolation/alienation between A and B
导致
A
和
B<
/p>
之间的疏远
?
to worsen/exacerbate/deteriorate the
relationship
恶化关系
?
to damage/ruin
the harmony of/ harmonious life
破坏和谐的生活
?
to undermine
the social stability
破坏社会的稳定性
?
shield/shade/roof sb from sth
蒙蔽
...
?
to develop a
correct sense of sth
培养
...
的正确感
?
under such circumstance/in such
situation
在
...
的情况
下
?
be
unbridled/untied
团结的
?
take A into
account/consideration
把
A
考虑进去
?
give A some
more consideration/more thought
关注
A
?
account for/
explain
负责
?
be
conducive/beneficial to
有益的
?
to bridge the
gap between
弥补
..
.
之间的代沟
?
moral
training
道德训练
?
the thorny
problem
棘手的问题
?
be upright and
just
公正的
?
?
Topic
Three
?
?
famous people/celebrity
名人
?
public figures
公众人物
?
to come under intense
scrutiny/supervision
在
...
的严密监督之下
?
pay for sth
付出代价
?
to enrich one's
leisure time/recreation/entertainment
丰富业余生活
?
to become an
indispensable/unalienable part of life
成为生活中不可缺少的一部
分
?
to have the
right to do
有权做
...
?
be curious
about
对
...
很好奇
?
the
nature of people
人的本性
?
decent manners
正派的行为
?
eliminate/get
rid of sth
摆脱
…
?
as far/much as
possible/ to the full
至多
...
?
be of great
importance/ significance to sth
意义重大
?
bring the free publicity/propaganda
为
...
带
来知命度
?
to make/create/fabricate affairs to
draw/attact/grab public attention
编造事
实来吸引公众的注意力
?
to
increase/improve/enhance one's popularity
提高知命度
?
keen/fierce/intense/acute/vital
competition
激烈的竞争
?
compete for sth
为
...
而竞争
?
make
profit/revenue/income
盈利
?
be satisfied
with
对
...
感到满意