-
2018
年高考英语词汇解析
A
1
.
●<
/p>
abandon
v.
放弃，遗弃，抛弃
abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/
effort/ hope
abandon
oneself to
陷入，沉湎于
He abandoned himself to despair.
2.
◎
ability
n.
能力；
才能
the
ability to walk
行走的能力
to the best of one’s abili
ty
竭尽全力
He completed the job to the best of his
ability.
3.
●
abnor
mal
adj.
不正常的，畸形的，反常的
They thought
his behavior was abnormal.
反义词：
normal
4
.
◎
aboard
prep.
adv.
在船（飞机，火车）上，上船
(
飞机，轮船
)
all the people aboard
机上的人
5.
about
prep
关于，
ad
大约，到处
a) be about to
do sth…(when)
I
was about to
go
out
when
it began to
rain.
b) look
about/around/round
c) How/What
about…
询问情况或建议
6
. above
prep
在
…
上面
above all
首先
;
尤其
7.
abroad
ad.
到
(
在
)
国外
a)
go /study /live abroad
b) at home and
abroad
在国内外
8.
●
absence
n.
不在，缺席
absence
from work/ school
The decision was made
in my
absence
.
in the absence of <
/p>
在缺少
…
条件下
The
case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9.
◎
absent
adj.
缺席的，不在的
be absent from
absent-minded
adj.
心不在焉的
10.
◎
absorb
vt. 1)
吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）
2)
理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/
neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
absorb information/ knowledge
be absorbed in
专注于，聚精会神于
…
11
.
●
abuse
v
/
n.
滥用，谩骂
abuse alcohol/
drugs
酗酒
/
嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege
滥用权力
/
职权
/
特权
12.
accept
the gift /invitation
/plan
accept sb/sth as…
13
.<
/p>
●
access
n.
方法，通路，机会
The only access to
the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high
officials have access to the students have access
to the school library.
accessible
adj.
可进入的，可接近的，可使用的
Such
information is not easily accessible to the
public.
14.
accident
n.
事故，意外的事
by
accident/chance
偶然，无意中；不小心
15.
●
accompany
v.
陪伴，伴随，伴奏
accompany sb. to the school/
supermarket
accompany the
singer on / at the piano
Lightening usually accompanies thunder.
16.
●
accomplish
v.
完成，到达，实现
accomplishment
n.
成就，成绩
accomplish the task/
purpose/ goal
17.
according
to
根据
According to the law, he should be
sentenced to death.
18.
◎
accuse
vt.
指控，指责
accuse sb of
(doing ) sth
控告
…
19.
●
accustomed
adj.
习惯的，适应的，惯常的
be/
get/ become accustomed to doing
He was soon accustomed to getting up
early.
20.
ache
vi./n
headache / toothache
My back aches so much.
21.
achieve
vt
达到；取得
achievement
n
成就
achieve
success/victory/one’s goa
l;
22.
◎
a
chievement
n.
成就，业绩；完成（任务等）
make great achievements
23
.
●
ackno
wledge
v.
承认，致谢
It
is generally acknowledged that global warming is
caused by greenhouse gases.
Yaoming is
acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
I
acknowledged financial support from the local
government.
24.
across
prep
cross
v.
I
walked across
the street.;
cross a
street;
come/run across
碰到
25.
act
n.
法令，条例
vt.
表演，扮演，行动，做事
1
act as
充当；扮演
act out
把
…
表演出来
26.
action
n.
行动
take action to do sth
put
sth into action
把
…
付诸实施
27.
active
adj.
积极的
< br>;
主动的
take an active
part in /be active in
积极参加
28.
◎
activity
n.
活动
outdoor activities
户外运动
29.
actual
a.
实际的
actually
adv.
in (actual) fact
实际上
30
●
adapt
vi.
适应，适合，改编
vt.
使适应
adapt to change /the city life
adapt oneself
to the new surroundings
adapt the novel
for a film
adaptation
n.
适应
31.
add
vt
添加，增加，补充说（
that
）
add(…)to
添加
add up
把
…
加在一起
add up to
总计为
;
总数为
a) His
illness added to our trouble.
b) He added
that he would come again.
c) Please add
these figures up.
d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32.
address
n.
地址
vt.
写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）
address the letter to sb.
给某人寄信
The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33.
●
adjust
vt.
调整，调节，适应
adjust your
speed /the volume/ the camera
adjust to the dark/ the single life
adjust yourself to the student life
adjustment
n.
调整，调节
34.
admire
v
钦佩
.;
羡慕
admire sb for sth
I
admire John for his courage.
35.
admit
vt
<
/p>
（
admi
tt
ed ,admi
tt
ed
）
1)
承认
admit one’s mistakes;
admit doing/having don
e
He admitted having stolen the money.
2)
准许（入场，入学，入会）
admit sb to
/into
→
sb be admitted
to
He has been admitted to
Beijing University.
36
.
●
adopt
v.
收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child
the adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a
plan/ an attitude
37.
advance
vi
推进，促进；前进
adj.
advanced
先进的
/
高级的
in
advance
预先，事先
an
advanced worker
38.
advantage
n.
优点，好处
(
< br>可数名词
)
反：
disadvantage
take advantage of
利用
have an advantage over
优于
…
to
sb’s advantage
对（某人）有利
39.
◎
advertise
vt.
为
…
做广告
1
）为
…<
/p>
做广告
advertise a
product / things
2
）登广
告征求
/
寻找
… advertise
for a new sales manager
40.
advice
n/u.
advise
vt.
忠告
,
劝告
,
建议
take/follow/
accept
one’s advice
接受某人的建议
ask sb
for advice
向某人寻求建议
a
piece of advice
一条建议
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do;
advise doing;
advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should
study hard.
41.
●
affect
vt.
影响
,
深深打动，使悲伤等
Smoking affects
health.
People were deeply affected by the
death of Jin Zhengri.
2
42.
afford
vt.
负担得起
,
< br>抽得出
(
时间
);
提供
can/could/be
able to afford sth/to do sth
I can’t afford a book/to
buy the book
43.
afraid
a.
害怕的；担心
be
afraid to do
因为害怕不敢做
…;
be
afr
aid of doing
害怕
…
She was afraid to go out alone at
night.
She was afraid of waking him up.
44.
against
prep
对着，反对
,
靠着，迎着，衬着
stand
against the wall (
靠墙站着
)
go against nature;
be against sth
反对
They
are
strongly
against the plan.
The pine tree were black against the
morning sky.
45.
age
n.
年龄；时代
vi.
变老
for ages
多年
;
at an early age;
at the age of …
of the same age=of an age
After his wife’s death he
aged
quickly.
46.
agree
vi.
同意；应允
1
）
agree with
①
agree
with
sb / what you say/your
opinion.
②表示一致
;“ (
食物、天气、工作等
)
对
…
适宜
”
：
The weather does not agree
with me.
这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its
subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree with what
he says.
他言行不一致。
2
）
agree
to
the plan/ the arrangement/ the
suggestion .
3
）
agree
on /upon
主要指双
/
多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：
We agreed on the price.
我们就价格达成了一致意见。
Both sides agreed on these terms.
双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree
to do
sth
He
agreed to go with us.
他同意同我们去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement
6) I
can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47.
ahead
ad.
在前，向前
ahead of
time
提前
go ahead
前进，干吧，说吧
48.
aid
n.
援助；救护；辅助工具
first aid
急救
in aid of
支持
by ( the) aid
of
借助于，通过
…
的帮助
come/ go to
one’s aid
帮助某人
v.
帮助，促进
aid (sb/ sth) in/ with (
doing) sth
帮助某人做
…
49.
aim
at
①
瞄准
,
对准
He aimed the gun at the
enemy officer.
②
(
向某方面
)
努力
She's aiming at ( trying
to win) a scholarship.
③
针对某人
My words
were not aimed at you.
50.
alike
adj.
相像，十分相似
We are
alike in many ways. adv.
相似的，相同的
They
tried to treat their children alike.
51.
alive
a.
活着的，存在的
catch …alive
活捉
keep…alive
be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with
fish.
Who is the greatest man
alive
.(
后置定语
)
52.
allow
v
准许，
允许
allow doing/ sb to do
allow for
把
考虑进去
Has everything been allowed for in your
plan?
53.
almost
adv
几乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody
came to
the party.
There was
almost
no
snow that winter.
54.
alone
adj/adv
单独的
孤独的
1)
形容词
She is alone at home.
（她独自一人在家。）
2)
副词
I like to work alone.
（我喜欢独自一人工作。）
3) “
只有，仅仅
”
，
The shoes alone cost $$200.
※
let /leave sb
/sth alone
别打扰
let alone
更不用说
★
lonely
1)
定语，
“
孤
单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的
”
a lonely man /
island.
2)
表语，
“
孤寂的，寂寞的
”
feel lonely
※
He lives
alone
but he doesn’t feel
lonely
.
55.
aloud
ad.
大声地
read aloud/ think aloud
56.
◎
amaze
vt.
使惊奇，惊叹；震惊
What amazes me
is
how long she managed to hide it from
us.
It
amazed me that
he could be so calm at
such a time.
3
amazed adj.
惊奇的，惊讶的
amazing
adj.
令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的
I’ m ___ that
you have never heard of the Rolling
Stones.
It’s
____ how often you see drivers using mobile
phones.
57
.
◎
amount
n.
数额（尤指数量，大小等）
a large amount of +u/n
large amounts of +u/n
v.
（数量，意义等）
等同，相当于
amount to
1)
（数量上）达到，总计
Time lost
through illness amounts to 1,357 working
days.
因疾病而损失的时间总共为
2
）等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the
same thing.
归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。
58.
●
amuse
vt.
使快乐，逗乐
amuse sb.
使…高兴
The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/ with
被…逗乐
amuse oneself
自娱自乐
The boys amused themselves
by drawing.
amusement
n.
to one’s amusement
59.
◎
amusement
n. 1)
娱乐
,
乐趣
to
one’s amusement
让某人发笑
They were dancing and singing in the
car,
much to the amusement
of
passers-by.
他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。
2)
娱乐活动，消遣活动
amusements
amuse
vt.
amuse sb/
oneself
使开心，逗笑
amused
/
amusing
adj.
an amused smile
/ look/ expression
愉快的微笑
/
神情
/
表情
an amusing story/ film
有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事
/
电影
60.
angry
adj
生气的，愤怒的
(angrily
/angrier )
be angry at (about)
因为
…
而生气
be angry with sb
生某人的气
61.
announce
vt.
宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/
intention
announce sth to sb
announce that
At
the end of the meeting ,
it was
announced that
an agreement had been
reached.
make an announcement
62.
◎
announcement
n.
通告，通知
63.
◎
annoy
vt.
（使）烦恼
be annoyed with (at) sth.
What annoyed him most was
that
he had received no apology.
annoyed
adj.
略感烦恼（生气）的
annoying
adj.
讨厌的，令人烦恼的
It’s _____that we didn’t know about
this
before.
令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切
Mr Davies was ____that the books were
missing.
戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。
64.
answer
n.
the answer to
the question
v.
answer a question/the door/the
phone
；
answer for
对
…
负责
You will have to answer for your wrong
doing one day.
65.
◎
anxiety
n.
忧虑，焦急，担心
anxious
adj.
焦虑的，不安的；担心的
be
anxious about sth for sb
渴望的，急切的
be anxious to do sth
67.
◎
apologize
n.
道歉，歉意
apology
n.
make an apology/ apologies to sb for
sth
apologise to sb for sth
68.
●
appeal
v. n.
吸引，呼吁，恳求
The
design has appealed to people of all ages.
I appeal to you to protect the
environment.
have/ hold appeal for sb.
对某人有吸引力
lose one’s appeal
失去吸引力
69.
appear
1) vi.
出现，露面
The
man suddenly ______ from behind the tree scared
me.
4
2)
系动词
似乎，
好像
appear+ (to be) + n/adj
似乎
It appears (to sb) that
/as if
He
appeared to be happy in the news.
It
appears to me that he will win
It appears that
all the files have been
deleted.
档案好像都已经被删除了。
Police say there appear to be signs of
a break-in.
警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
70.
◎
appearance
n.
出现，露面；容貌
judge by
appearances
以貌取人
71
.
◎
ap
plication
n.
申请
make an
application for
72.
apply
v.
申请
apply for
申请；请求，接洽
apply sth to
…
运用，应用
apply
oneself to
致力于，集中精力做某事
73.
●
appoint
vt.
任命，委派，安排，确定
1)
任命，委派
A committee was
appointed to consider the plan.
一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。
He was appointed as chairman.
2).
约定，
确定
Everyone got there at the appointed
time. In the evening he made his way to the
appointed meeting place.
74.
appointment
n.
make an appointment
约定、会
his appointment as president
他担任总统的任命
75.
◎
appreciate
vt.
欣赏；感激
appreciate your concern
appreciate
doing
sth
appreciate your
abilities/ fine works of art
I’d appreciate
it
if you let me get on with
my job.
76.
◎
approach
1). v.
接近；靠近；走进
As they approached
the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach.
The
winter vacation is approaching.
2). n.
接近；方法；途径；通路
He decided to adopt a
different approach and teach the Bible through
story-telling.
His approach
to
the problem are wrong.
All the
approach
to
the palace were
guarded by troops.
77.
●
approve
vi.
赞成
vt.
同意，批准
approve of
赞成，同意
approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t
approve of my leaving this year.
approve the plan/ proposal
通过计划
/
提议
approval
n.
79.
argue
vi.
争辩，争论
n.
argument
1) argue for /against
赞成
/
反对
2) argue sb
into/out of doing sth
说服某人做
/
不做某事
3) argue with sb about
sth
与某人争论某事
80.
◎
arise
arose
arisen
vi.
1)
出现，发生，产生
A new crisis has arisen.
新危机出现。
2
）起床，起身，起立
He arose at dawn.
他黎明即起。
81.
◎
argument
n.
1)
争论，辩论
have an
argument with sb about / over sth
2)
论点，论据
a powerful argument against smoking
argue
v.
argue with sb about / over
sth
82.
arm
n.
手臂
,
支架
武器（复）
arm in arm
手挽手
take up arms
拿起武器
vt.
< br>以
…
装备
,
武装起来
arm…with
…
Armed with
the new
equipment, the explorers entered the cave.
be armed to the teeth
全副武装
83.
around
在周围
;
在附近
;
大约
around the corner
在拐角处，即将到来
around the clock
昼夜不停地
84.
◎
a
rrange
vt.
安排，布置
arrange an appointment
安排预约
Have you
arranged to meet
Mark this
weekend?
We had
arranged
tha
t I would go for the
weekend.
我们商量好了，这个周末我去。
He
arrived
as arranged.
他如约而至。
The
company will
arrange for a taxi to
meet
you at the airport.
Dave
arranged for someone to
drive
him home.
arrangement
n.
安排，布置
make
arrangements for…
85.
◎
arrest
vt.
逮捕，拘捕
He
got arrested
for
careless driving.n.
put / place sb
under arrest
逮捕某人
86.
arrive
v
arrival
n.
到来；达到
arrive at
Guests receive dinner
on/upon their arrival
87.
article
n.
文章；东西；物品；冠词
an article of clothing
一件衣服
88.
ashamed
adj
惭愧，害臊
89
. asleep
adj
睡着的，熟睡
(
表语形容词
)
fall asleep
入睡
He seems to be
fast
asleep.
5
90.
●
assist
v.
帮助，协助
assist sb. in
dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding
a place t
o live.
She employed a
woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance
n.
technical/ military
assistance
技术
/
军事援助
91.
●
assume
v.
假定，假设
It is assumed
that…
普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a
teacher.
我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an
air of concern.
他装出关心的样子。
assuming
（
that
）
…
假设，假如
92.
assumption
n.
a) be ashamed
of
以为是耻辱
b) be ashamed
of oneself for
为
…
而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb
替某人感到羞愧
※
ashamed &
shameful
ashamed
指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful
指事物或本身可耻不道德。
He is
ashamed of his shameful conduct.
93
.
astonish
v
使惊讶
astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at
对
…
感到大吃一惊
an
astonished look
94. attach
attach
…
to
95
.
attempt
v.
试图，尝试
attempt to
do
He was charged with attempting to kill
his wife.
attempt sth
The
plane crashed while attempting an emergency
landing.
n.
make
an attempt to do /at doing
试图做某事
96
.
attend
v.
看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the
concert
attend to
sth
处理，注意
I have a few
other things to attend to.
attend to sb
看护
attend to a baby
97
.
attention
n.
注意，关心
pay (
much/no/little) attention to
draw one’s
attention to
fix one’s
attention/mind/eyes on
；
attract one’s
attention
98
.
attract
v.
吸引，引起
Like attracts like
物以类聚
99. available
100
.
average
adj
平均的；普通的
n.
平均数
on
(the)average
按平均
I was just an average sort of student.
我只是一个普通学生。
101.
avoid doing
102
.
awake
v.
唤醒；
(awoke/ awoken)
Is he
awake
or
asleep
?
awake to sth
意识到
醒悟到
It took her some time to
awake to
the dangers of her
situation.
adj
醒着的
be
wide
awake
103.
award
n.
v.
104. aware
be aware of
105
.
away
adv
离开；远离
keep away from
保持距离；
far away
在远处
right away
立刻，马上；
give away
泄露，赠送
106. awful
B
1. back
adv.
回（原处）
;
向后
adj.
后面的
n.
背后，后部；背
back and forth
来回，往返；
back to back
背靠背
behind one’s
back
背后；
look back
回顾
put back
放回去；
turn one’s back on
避开，不理睬
6
2.
◎
backward
adv.
backward and forward
来来回回
bend /lean
over backward to do
竭尽全力去做
…
3. baggage
n.
行李
a piece of/an article of
baggage
4.
◎
balance
1)
n.
①
平衡
keep a balance
(between A and B)
lose one’s
balance
disturb the balance of
one’s mind
②
余额
(
常用单数）
check your bank balance
③
欠款（常用单数）
The balance of 500
yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语
be/ hang in the balance
不明朗的，未定的，
悬而未决的
catch / throw
sb. off balance
使
…
失去平衡；
使
…
不知所措
on
balance
总的来说
2
）
v
．①保持平衡
~
（
sth
）
on sth
balance on one leg
He balanced the cup on her
knee.
②同等重视
balance A
with/ and B
balance home
life with career
③比较权衡
balance A against B
balance the cost against
its benefit
balanced
adj.
be on a balanced diet
5.
●
ban
n.
禁令
v.
禁止，取缔
a ban on smoking
禁烟令
place… under ban
对
…
加以禁止
ban sb. from
sth./ doing
禁止某人做
6.
◎
bar
1)
n.
条，块
a bar of chocolate / soap
障碍
Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt.
封堵
All the doors and windows
were barred.
阻止
bar sb. from
...
bar players from drinking
7.
bargain
n.
（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货
Those shoes are
a real
bargain
at such a low price.v.
讨价还价
bargain with sb
about /over sth
8
.
base
n.
根据地，基地
v.
以<
/p>
...
为基地
,
把基地设在
1)
base sth on/upon sth
以
…
为基础
His
book is based on a true story.
2)
be based in
以
...
为基地
,<
/p>
把基地设在
The
toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic
adj
基本的
basic knowledge/skills
basically
adv.
9.
◎
basis
(
复数
bases )
1
）基础，要素
form the basis
of…
2)
基准，原则
on a regular /permanent
basis
以定期的
/
永久的方式<
/p>
3)
原因，缘由
on the basis of…
Some videos were banned on the basis of
violence.
10
.
bath
n.
洗澡
;
浴室
;
澡盆
;
have/take a bath
bathe
v.
洗澡
,
游泳
be bathe
d in …
沉浸在
,
沐浴着（光线）
bathroom
n.
浴室
11
.
bear
(bore, born/borne) v.
1
）承受
(
重量
) The ice is
too thin to bear your weight.
2)
负担
,
承担
bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3
）忍受
;
容忍<
/p>
（常用于疑问句、否定句，与
can,
could
连用）
bear to do/doing
4) bear…in
mind
记住
12
.
beat
v (beat ,beaten)
连续有节奏的敲击
My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore.
击败
:
He beat me in the game.
※
beat & hit &strike & knock
13.
before
It will be
+
段时间
+before+
do/does…
要过多久才
…
It
was +
段时间
+before+
did…
没过多久就
…
14. beg
乞求，请求
beg
—
b
egged
—
begged
—
begging
beg sb. to do
请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg
your pardon.
对不起、请原谅（降调）
请再讲一遍（降调）
15.
begin
< br>—
began
—
begun
—
beginning
begin with=start with
以
…
开始
to begin
with=to start with (
插入语
)
首先、第一
I
don’t like living here.
To begin
with
, the room is far too small.
16. beginning
n.
开始，开端
at the
beginning of…
in the
beginning= at first
17.
◎
behave
v.
表现
He
behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave
badly/well/like a true gentleman
behave oneself
表现得体，有礼貌
well / badly behaved children
18.
◎
behavior
n.
不可数
good/ bad behavior
7
be on your best behavior
尽量表现得体
19.
behind
drop/ fall behind
落后
leave sb./sth. behind
遗落、忘带
20.
◎
belief
n.
（不可数）
1
）相信，信心
belief in
I admire his belief in what he is
doing.
2)
看法，信念
（不可数）
He acted in the
belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things
will soon get better.
3)
信仰
（可数
beliefs
）
religious/ political
beliefs
短语
beyond belief
难以置信
to the best of one’s belief
尽其所知
21. believe
believe it or
not (
插入语
)
信不信由你
It
is believed that
he is a good teacher.
=He
is believed to be
a good
teacher.
22. belong
belong to
属于（无被动）
The house
belonging to her is under repair.
23.
bend
v.
弯曲、弯腰、伏案
bend
—
bent
—
bent
She was
bent
over her desk writing a
letter.
她正伏案写信。
24.
◎
benefit
1) n.
优势，益处（不可数）
S
he
didn’t get much benefit from her staying
abroad.
短语
: be of
benefit to...=be beneficial to ...
to one’s benefit
对某人有利
for one’s
benefit = for the benefit o
f sb.
为了帮助
.../
为了某人的利益
< br>
2
）
vt./ vi.
benefit sb./ sth
benefit from/ by...
beneficial
adj.
有益的，有用的
be beneficial to ...
25.
bes
t
do/ try one’s best to do
尽全力做
make the best
of…
尽量利用
all the best
（书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意
26. better
had be
tter
do…
最好做
…
否定：
had better not
do
be better worth reading
更值得读
be better known
更著名的
27.
beyond
超出、超过
beyond one’s
imagination/description
难以想象
/
描述
beyond one’s power
超出能力范围
beyond my wildest dreams
做梦也没想到
28.
●
bid
–
bid- bid-
bidding
v.
出价，投标
n
投标
bid for sth.
I bid 2000 dollars for the painting.
我出价
20000
美元买这幅画。
The highest bid for the picture was
20000.
这幅画的最高出价是两万
29. birth
n.
出生、诞生
at birth
出生时
give birth to
生下、孕育了
30.
biscuit
饼干
c/n
some chocolate biscuits
31. bit
1) a bit
of+
不可数
n.= a little
+
不可数
n.
He can speak a
bit of French.
2)
a bit/a little +
比较级
a bit more
slowly
3) not a bit=not at all
一点儿也不、毫不
32.
blame
1
）
be to blame
应该受到责备（主动表被动）
2) blame sb. for doing→sb.
be blamed for
…
<
/p>
33.
◎
blank
1) n.
空白处，空格
fill in the blanks
(
< br>记忆中的
)
空白
,
遗忘
My mind was a blank
and I couldn’t remember her name.
2) adj.
空白的，无装饰的，无图画的
a blank form/ wall
不理解的，没表情的
,
空虚的
a blank expression
Suddenly my mind went
blank.
34.
be
blind
to
对
…
视而不见、熟视无睹
=turn a blind eye to
35. blow
v.
(
blew
blown)
吹、刮
blow down
吹倒
blow up
爆炸、炸毁
n.
打击
give sb. a blow
给某人打击
36.
board
n.
木板、布告牌
v.
登上
on board
在船（车、飞机）
board a train
上火车
37.
book
c/n
书
v.
预定（车、船）票
book a room/
ticket
38.
◎
bored
adj.
be bored with... / to death.
boring
adj.
a boring
job /book/man
39.
◎
bother
vt./vi.
1)
花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）
①
bother with/ about sth
---Shall I
wait? ---
No, don’t bother.
It’s not worth bothering with an
umbrella.
②
bother to do
He didn’t even bother to let me know he
was coming.
③
bother doing
Why bother asking if you are not really
interested?
2)
给
.
..
造成麻烦，痛苦
使
...
烦恼，担忧
8
①
bother sb with/ about...
I
don’t want to bother her with my
problems.
---
I’m
sorry he was rude to you.
---
It doesn’t bother me.
②
bother sb. that...
Does it bother you that she earns more
than you?
③
bother sb. to do...
It bothers me
to think of her alone at home.
3)
打扰
插话
bother sb
Sorry to bother you, but...
be bothered about sb./ sth
认
为
...
重要
关心
... I’m not
bothered about what he thinks.
n.
麻烦
困难（不可数）
---Thanks for your help.
--- it was no bother.
put sb. to bother
get sb.
/oneself into bother
给某人添麻烦
40. bottom
at the bottom of…
from the bottom of one’s
heart
41.
break
—
broke
–
broken
break out
（战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
break down
（车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；
（身体）垮掉；
< br>
break in
打断；闯入
break up
破碎；
（关系）破裂
break away from
摆脱、脱离
42.
breath
n.
hold one’s
breath
take a deep breath
out
of breath
breathe
v.
43. bring
bring
up
bring down
bring about
bring in
44.
broken
adj. speak in broken English
a broken marriage
45.
◎
budget
n.
within / over
budget
在预算内
/
超出预算<
/p>
on a (tight) budget
缺少钱
拮据
vt.
~ sth for ...
将
..
.
编入预算
~$$1,000,000 for education spending
vi.
~ for
存钱
编预算
~
for a holiday abroad
46. build
—
built
—
built
v.
建筑；建造
build up
增进、增强
47. burn
—
burned
—
b
urned
/
--burnt
—
burnt
燃烧；晒黑、伤
burn down
烧毁
burn…to the ground=
completel
y destroyed
夷为平地
get
burnt
被晒伤
a burning candle
燃烧的蜡烛
48.
burst
v.
突然发生
burs
t
—
burst
—
burst
burst
out laughing
/
crying
= burst into
laughter
/
tears
突然大笑起来
/
痛哭起来
49. bury
v.
埋葬
bury
—
buried
—
buried
—
burying
bury one’s face
in the hands
手捂着脸
bury oneself in…
= be buried in…
50. business
n.
生意；职责；
（本分）工作
on business
do business with sb.
Business is business.
It’s none of your business.
与你无关。
mind your own business
管好你自己的事
51.
busy
adj.
忙的；忙碌的
be busy with sth.
be busy (in) doing
忙于做
busily
adv
52. but
conj.
但是
prep.
除了
not…but…
不是
…
而是
we have no choice but to
wait.
除了等待别无选择。
We
can do nothing but wait.
除了等待什么也不能做。
but for
要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）
But for
your help, I would have failed.
53.
by
by
bus/car/plane/air/train/ship…
乘汽车
/
小汽车
/
飞机
/
火车
/
船
C
1.
●
calculate
v.
计算，
核算
It has been calculated that
…
eg. It has been calculated
that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.
(be) calculated to do sth.
eg. The speech
was calculated to win votes.
2.
call
v.
叫；喊；打电话
a girl called
Mary
a
girl calling herself Mary
call on
call at sp.
call for
call up
call off
call in
3.
calm
adj.
镇静的、沉着的
calm down
v.
使镇静
keep calm
4. camp
n.
营
v.
野营；宿营
summer camp
夏令营
go camping
去野营
5. can
否定：
cannot= can’t
9
can’t help
doing = can’t help but do
禁不住
can not…too… = can
never…too…
越
…
越好
/
再
…
也不为过<
/p>
You can never be too
careful when crossing the street.
6. care
n.
照料；保管
take care of
照顾、保管
take care
(that)…
当心
v.
在乎；介意
I don’t care.
<
/p>
我不在乎
/
我不放在心上。
care for
喜欢；照顾
care about
关心；在乎
7. careful
adj.
仔细的；小心的
be
careful of…
当心
,
小心
listen
carefully
8. carry
v.
拿；搬；运；背
carry on
继续、进行
carry out
实施、执行
9.
case
n.
情况；案件；病例
in
case +
句子
/in case of
+
名词
万一
in this/that case
如果这样
/
那样的话
in no case
绝不
as is often the
case
事实往往如此
eg:
As is often the
case
, women live longer than man.
There are some cases where
this method won’t work.
10.
◎
cash
n.
现金
pay in cash /by check
vt.
兑现
~
a check
cash in on…
从
< br>...
获得利润
The shop are
cashing in on temporary shortage by raising
prices.
11.
●
cast
v.
扔，抛，撒
cast your
net wide
cast about/ around for sth
cast sb./ sth out
cast sb./ sth aside
be cast away
be cast down
cast sth off
12. catch
—
caught<
/p>
—
caught
catch up with
赶上
catch sight of
看见
catch sb. doing
撞见
/
捉住某人做某事
catch one’s
eye=
attract one’s attention
引起某人注意；引人注目
13.
●
cater
v.
提供（承办）酒席，满足需求
cater for sth/sb : The class caters for
all ability ranges.
cater to sth/
sb: It catered for all tastes.
14.
cattle
n.
牛（总称）单复同形
The cattle are in the shed.
牛在牛棚里。
15. cause
n.
原因、起因
cause and effect
因果
the cause of fire/cancer
火灾
/
癌症的起因
v.
引起；促使
The
storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.
16.
◎
cautious
adj.
谨慎的
小心的
be cautious of/ about...
caution
n.
谨慎
小心
with caution
小心地
vt.
警告
...
小心
...
caution sb. to do
caution sb. against...
警告某人警惕
We were cautioned not to drive too
fast.
17. celebrate
v.
庆祝
celebrate one’s birthday
celebrate Christmas
18.
◎
c
entral
adj.
中心的，中央的
central bank/government
1
）
主要的，首要的
play a central role in…
在
…
起着主
导作用。
centre
n.
in the centre of the room
v. centre on /upon/ round /around
…
把
…
当中心
使
…
成为中心
19.
◎
ceremony
n.
典礼，仪式
1)
attend a wedding ceremony
2)
stand on ceremony
拘于礼节
without ceremony
粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节
20. certain
adj.
确定的；无疑的
certainly
adv.
be
certain of= be sure of
对
…
确信的
be certain to
do =be sure to do
一定会、必然
make
sure/certain of…
保证、弄清楚
* It is certain
that…
10
21.
◎
challenge
face/ take up a challenge
面对<
/p>
/
接收挑战
challenging
adj
具有挑战性的
a challenging job
22. chance
n.
机会；可能性
give sb. a chance
给
…
一次机会
;
take a chance/chances
冒险；碰运气
by
chance/accident
偶然
;
There is a/no chance that…
有可能
/
不可能
…
23. change
v.
改变、变化
;
n.
变化；零钱（不可数）
change…into…
把
……
变成
;
change one’s mind
改变主意
Great
changes have taken place in China.
There is no time to get changed before
the party.
Do
you have any change on/with you ?
24.
●
c
haracteristic
adj.
独特的
n.
特征
特点
a key characteristic of…
25. charge
n./vt
charge…for…
收
/
要价多少
;
charge sb. with sth/doing
指控某人做了
get
the phone charged
手机被充电
;
The soldiers were charging forward
bravely.
战士们勇敢地向前冲。
take charge of
负责、管理
in charge of
负责
;
in the charge of
被
/
由
…
负责
;
free of charge
免费
26. chat
v./n.
聊天；闲谈
chat
—
chatted
—
chatted
—<
/p>
chatting
have a chat
with sb.
与某人聊天
;
chat room
聊天室
27.
check
v./ n.
检查；核对；批改
;
支票
by
check
用支票支付
辨析：
check
examine
check
指核对某事物是否正确
,
examine
表检查、调查、审查等
check the
answers
check the mailbox
核实邮箱（看有没有信）
examine your
body/eyes
examine the
machine
28. cheer
n./vi.
欢呼；喝彩
A great cheer went up
from the crowd.
cheer sb on
为某人加油
cheer up
振作起来；高兴起来
Cheers !
共同举杯
29.
◎
cheerful
adj
兴高采烈的，高兴地
a cheerful smile
30.
cheque
＝
check(
美
)
支票
in
cash
付现金
by check/cheque
用支票支付
31.
chicken
c/n.
小鸡
u/n.
鸡肉
Would you like
some chicken?
来点鸡肉怎么样？
Don’t count your chickens
before they are hatched.
不要在
还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。
（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）
32. chief
adj.
主要的；首要的
n.
首领；领导人
chiefs (
复数
)
33. choice
c/n.
选择；
choose
v.
选择
choose
—
chose
—
chosen
make a choice /make choices
做选择
have no choice
but to do
除了
…
别无选择
We chose Bill
as chairman.
There are a lot of books to choose
from.
34. Christmas
Merry
Christmas!
on Christmas Eve;
at Christmas
圣诞节期间
on Christmas
在圣诞节这天
35.
church
go to church;
attend church
去教堂做礼拜
36.
cinema
电影院
go to the cinema
37. circle
n.
圆圈
vi
环绕，盘旋
The plane circled over the
airport before landing.
38.
●
circulate
v.
循环，流传，传阅
circulate sth (to sb.)
The document will be
circulated to all members.
39.
●
clarify
v.
澄清，阐
明，使
…..
纯净
clarify a situation/ problem/ issue
11
clarification
n.
seek clarification of
40. class
after class;
have classes;
the first class
头等；
the working
class
工人阶级
41.
●
classify
把
……
分类为
classify…into…
classify sb./
sth as …
Only eleven of these
accidents were classified as major.
42.
clean
v.
打扫；弄干净
clean
up
；
clean the table/the room
adj.
清洁的
43.
clear
adj.
清晰的
clear water;
clear glass;
a clear explanation;
make oneself clear
v
清除，放晴
clear away
雾烟等消散；
clear up
（天气）放晴；
clearly
adv.
44. close
vt.
关闭
adj.
近的；亲密的
adv.
近地
closely adv.
密切地；仔细地
watch closely
密切注视；仔细观察
a close friend;
be/stand/get close to;
close the door/eyes;
with his eyes closed/open
close down
关闭、倒闭
45. cloth
u/c
布料，抹布；
a piece of
cloth
；
a
table cloth
；
clothing
u/n (
总称
)
衣服
a piece of
clothing
；
an article of clothing
clothes
(pl.)
衣服；
46. coast
海岸
on/along the
coast
在岸上
/
沿岸
off the coast
离海岸不远的地方
47. coffee
a cup of coffee;
a coffee/two coffees
48. coin
c/n
Every coin has
two sides.
事物皆有两面性
49.
●
coincidence
n.
共同发生
,
巧合
by
coincidence
what a coincidence
a
strange/ remarkable coincidence
50.
collect
vt.
收集；搜集
collect
stamps/stamp collecting
集邮
51.
●
c
ollection
收藏品
a stamp
collection
have
a large collection of books
52.
< br>●
combine
使联合
,
使结合
combine A with/ and B
53. come
came-came-come
come up with
提出；想出
come across
偶遇
;
come about
产生，发生
;
come on
加油；快点；得啦
come true
实现
;
come up
走近；被提出；想起；发芽
come out
出来；出版
54. comfort
v.
安慰
u/n
舒适
live in comfort
生活安逸
;
a comfort
令人安慰的人或事
comfortable
adj.
live a
comfortable life
comfortably
adv.
live comfortably
55.
< br>●
command
n.&v
命令，指挥，支配
at /b
y one’s
command
get
command of
under one’s
command
have a good command
of
command sb. to do sth.
command that clause (should do)
56.
◎
comment
n.
评论
make a comment on /about
sth
vi
comment on/
upon sth
57.
●
comm
it
犯
,
干
(
坏事
)
等
commit murder/ suicide
commit sb/
yourself to sth/ doing
commit yourself (to sth):
You don’t have to commit
yourself now, just think about it.
58. common
a common
mistake
常见错误
;
common practice
惯例
;
common sense
常识
have much/a lot/
little/nothing in common
；
in common with…
和
……
一样
59.
◎
communicate
vt
传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等）
communication
n
He was eager to communicate
his ideas to the group.
vi
与某人交流（信息或消息，意
见等）
，沟通
communicate
with sb
60. company
u/n.
交往；陪伴
c/n.
公司
keep sb.
company
陪伴某人
61.
compare
compare…with…
把<
/p>
…
和
…
比较
；
compare…to…
把
…
比作<
/p>
…
12
compared with/to
(
作状语
)
与
…
相比
Compared
with/to other people, he is fortunate.
62.
●
compensate
补偿
,
赔偿
,
弥补
compensate for sth
compensate sb for sth
63.
◎
compete
vi
比赛，竞赛
competition
n.
compete with / against sb in sth for
sth
64. complete
adj.
完整的
v.
完成、结束
a
complete story
完整的故事
complete the project
completely
adv.
be
completely destroyed
彻底毁坏
65.
●
c
ompromise
妥协；折中，互让；和解
agree on a compromise
make a compromise with
by
compromise
reach/ come to/ arrive at/
work out a compromise
66.
●
compulsory
强制的
,
义务的
It is compulsory for sb to do
It
is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear
helmets.
compulsory
education/ schooling
compulsory purchase
67.
◎
concentrate
v.
集中（思想等）
concentration
n
I can’t concentrate with
that noise going on.
concentrate (sth) on (doing) sth
集中
…
做
…
I decided to concentrate all my efforts
on finding somewhere to live
68.
◎
concern
v
1)
让某人担忧
What concerns
me is our lack of preparation for the change.
2)
与
…
有关
be concerned with
3)
关心，挂念
be concerned
about
4)
就
…
而言
as far as sb is concerned
n.
show a /no concern about
concerning
prep.
关系到，
涉及
He asked me several questions
concerning the future of the company.
69. concert
音乐会；演奏会
go to a concert
a live concert
现场演奏的音乐会
70.
◎
conclude
v
1)
结束
conclude (sth)(with sth)
He concluded by wishing everyone a safe
trip home.
2)
推断出
conclude sth from sth
What do you
conclude from that?
conclusion
n.
draw /reach /come to a
conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion
总之
,
最后
In conclusion,
I would like to thank you.
71.
●
concrete
,
明确的
,
具体的
concrete floor
concrete evidence
72
< br>.●
condemn
vt.
谴责；判刑；宣告
……
有罪
(
与
to
连用
)
迫使
…
接受
(
困境
)
，使
…
注定
condemn sb/ sth
for…
condemn sb.
to
be
condemned/ sentenced to…
73.
condition
状况；条件
in
good/excellent/bad/poor condition
处于良好
/
极佳
/
糟糕的状况
out of condition
不在状况；
living conditions
生活条件
* on condition that
(
连词
)
如果；条件是
They agreed to
lend us the car on condition that (only if) we
returned it before the weekend.
74.
◎
conduct
vt.
1)
引导，带领
conduct sb around sp
2)
实施，执行
conduct an experiment
3)
指挥
conduct a concert
4)
传导
conduct electricity
5)
举止，表现
conduct oneself
n.
行为，举止
75.
◎
confident
adj.
be confident about/of sth
13
confidence
n.
1) gain/lose confidence
2) have
confidence in sb/sth
3) be in sb’s
confidence
受某人信任，是某人的心腹
4)
take sb into your confidence
向某人吐露内心秘密
76.
◎
confirm
vt.
证实，批准，确认
confirm sth/ that/wh-
Rumours of job losses were later
confirmed.
Has everyone confirmed
(that) they are coming?
Can you confirm what happened?
77.
●
conflict
: in conflict with
78.
◎
confuse vt
1
）使糊涂，使迷惑
They confused
me with conflicting accounts of what happened.
2
）
混淆
confuse A
with/and B
Be careful not to confuse quality with
quantity.
confusion
n.
1) confusion about/over sth
困惑
There is a confusion about what the
correct procedure should be.
2)
confusion between A and B
混淆
confusion between letters
like “o” or “a”
79.
congratulation
n
祝贺名词常用复数
Congratulations to you !
congratulate
v
congratulate sb. on sth.
祝贺某人在某方面
……
80. connect
v.
1) connect A to/with/ and B
使连接，联结
The towns
are connected by trains and bus services.
2) connect sth (to sth)
接通，使
…
连接
First connect the printer
to the computer.
3) connect sb / sth
(with sb / sth) ,
be
connected with
与
…
有联系
/
关联
Theory is closely connected
with practice.
4)
为某人接通电话
Hold on, please, I’m trying
to connect you.
81.
◎
connection
n.
连接物，接触，联系
in connection with sb/ sth
与
…
有关
A man has been arrested in connection
with the murder of the manager.
82.
◎
consequence
n.
结果，后果；重要性，重大
as a
consequence /result
in consequence
结果
as a consequence /result of
in consequence of
由于
83.
consider
1)
认为；把
……
看做；
2)
考虑
1) consider sth/doing
sth/wh-
考虑
We are considering buying a new car.
He was
considering what to do next.
2)
consider sb/sth (as /to be) sth
认为
This award is considered
(to be ) a great honor.
3) sb be
considered to have done sth
认为某人已经做了某事
Bell is considered to have
invented the telephone.
4) all things
considered
从各方面看来，总而言之
84.
●
considerate :
It is considerate of him to wait.
considering
prep.
85.
◎
consideration
n.
考虑
take sth into consideration
考虑到
Taking everything into consideration,
the event was a great success.
All
things _______ into consideration, I think his
plan is practical.
86.
◎
consist vi
包含，组成，构成
1) consist of
由
…
组成
The committee consists of
ten members.
2) consist in
在于，存在于
The beauty
of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.
consistent adj
一致的
be consistent with
与
…
一致
87.
◎
construction
n.
建造，建设
be under construction
正在修建中
14
construct
vt
1)
建造，修建
construct a bridge
2)
创建
construct a theory
86.
◎
consult
vt
1)
咨询，请教
consult sb (about) sth
2)
与某人商量
consult (with) sb about/on sth
3)
查阅，查询
consult a dictionary
88.
contain
v.
container n.
容器，集装箱
1)
包含
/
括
The book contains 12 units.
2
）含有物质
/
成
分
Sea water contains a lot of salt.
3
）容纳、装有
The envelope contained 500
dollars.
89. content
adj.
甘愿的，满意的；
n.
内容
be content with
满足于；
be content to do
甘愿做某事
the content of
the article
文章内容；
read the contents of the
book
读目录
90. continue
v.
继续
continue doing
/ to do / with
91.
◎
contrary
adj.
相反的
Contrary to popular belief, many cats
dislike milk.
n.
相反，反而
on the
contrary
相反，反之
92.
●
contribute v.
1) contribute (sth) (to/
towards sth)
捐献，捐赠
We contributed
5000 yuan to the earthquake fund.
2) contribute to
导致，有助于
Smoking contributes to lung cancer.
3) contribute (sth) (to
sth)
撰稿，在会议或会谈期间讲话，发表意见
She contributed (a number
of articles )to the magazine.
We hope everyone will contribute to the
discussion.
93.
◎
contribution
n.
贡献，奉献
make a contribution to sth
对
…
做贡献
94.
◎
convenience
n.
便利
at one’s
convenience
for one’s
convenience
convenient
adj
It
is convenient for sb to do sth
It is
convenient to sb
If (it is ) convenient
95.
●
convey
传送
,
传达
,
表达
convey sth to sb
convey sb/sth from …to…
96.
●
convince
使确信
,
使信服
convince sb/
yourself of sth
convince sb to do
I have been
trying to convince him to see a doctor.
convinced
adj.
be convinced of/ that:
I am convinced
that she is innocent.
I am convinced of her innocence.
97. corner
n.
街角；
困境；
vt
使
…
落入圈套
There is a
hotel on / at the corner of the street.
drive / force sb into a corner
把某人逼入困境
round / around the corner
很近，在附近
t
adj
正确的，恰当的；
vt
纠正，批改
I think you’ve made the correct
decision.
I spent all
evening correcting essays.
correctly
adv.
Have you spelled it
correctly?
99.
cost
n
花费；代价，损失；
vt
需付费；使
损失
the
high / low cost of housing
she saved
him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.
at all costs
不惜任何代价
You must stop
the press from finding out at all costs.
The hospital will cost 2 million
dollars to build.
That one mistake
almost cost him his life.
100.
count
v
数数；重要
Every point in
this game counts.
count down
倒计时
count on sb/sth
依赖
I’m counting on you to help
me.
n.
两人、物；几个人、物；一对夫妻
a
young / an elderly couple
I saw a
couple of men get out .
We
went there a couple of years ago.
15
101.
courage
n.
courageous
adj
take courage (from sth)
因某事而鼓起勇气
;
lose courage
n.
课程；航线；进程；一道菜
take a course in art and design
The plane was on/ off
course.
an event that changed the
course of history
The main course was roast
duck.
in course of sth
在
…
的过程中
in / over the course of
在
…
期间
v.
遮盖；覆盖；涉及，处理；足以支付；行走一段路程；占一片面积；报道
She covered her face with her hands.
Much of the country is covered by
forest.
The survey covers all aspects
of the company.
Your parents will have
to cover your tuition fees.
$$ 100
should cover your expenses.
By sunset
we had covered thirty miles.
The park
covers an area of 1000 square kilometers.
She is covering the conference.
adj<
/p>
疯狂的，愚蠢的，非常气愤的；热衷于
She must be crazy to lend him money.
That noise is driving me
crazy.
Rick is crazy about football.
like crazy/ mad
拼命地，疯狂地
We worked like crazy to get
it done on time.
105.
◎
credit
n.
1)
on credit
赊购，赊欠
2)
three credits
三个学分
3)
credit card
信用卡
4)
to one’s credit
值得赞扬，使受尊重
( Much/
Greatly) to his credit, Jack refused to accept the
gift.
106. cross
v.
穿越，横过；交叉，交叠；
adj
生气的，愤怒的
cross the
mountains
翻过高山
She sat with her legs crossed.
I was cross with him for being late.
across
prep.
run across the
road
107. crowd
n.
人群；
v.
挤满，使拥挤
Police had to break up the crowd.
Crowds of people poured into the
street.
Thousands of
people crowded the narrow streets.
crowded
adj
拥挤的
In
the spring the place is crowded with skiers.
108. cruel
adj
残忍的；
引起痛苦的
be
cruel
to…
Her father’s death was a
cruel blow.
cruelly
adv.
cruelty
n
109.
●
cure
cure sb of sth
；
find a cure for…
s
adj
be
curious about
…
be
curious to do
…
curiously
adv.
curiousity
n.
n.
风俗，习俗；个人习惯
It is the custom in that country for
women to marry young.
It was her custom
to rise early.
v.
have one’s hair
cut
His salary has been cut
by ten percent .
他的薪金减少了
10%
。
cut
through
抄近路穿过；走近路
cut
down
砍倒；削减，缩小
We need to cut the article down to 1000
words.
16
cut
in
插嘴；打断
She kept cutting in on our
conversation.
cut
off
停止，中断；割掉，砍掉；
切断
…
的去路，以外界隔绝
Our water supply has been cut off.
He had his finger cut off in an
accident at work.
The army was cut off
from its base.
cut
up
切碎
He cut up the meat on his
plate.
cut
sth
out
of
sth
裁剪
She cut the
dress out of some old materials.
D
n.
adj. adv.
a
daily visit
be visited daily
The story was in all the dailies.
v.
The storm
did / caused great
damage to
the country.
Smoking seriously damages your health.
n.
How many
workers are
in danger of
losing their jobs?
Doctors said she is
now
out of danger
.
Police said the man was
a
danger to
the public.
dangerous
adj
It would be dangerous for you to stay
here.
v.
He didn’t dare (to) say what he
thought.
How dare you
你竟敢
How dare you talk to me like that?
I dare say
我想，很可能
I dare say you know about it already.
5.
date
n. v.
We need to fix a date for
the next meeting .
date back to / date from
a law dating
from the 17th century.
make a date
n.
They start work at dawn.
We
arrived in Sydney as dawn broke.
He
works from dawn till dusk.
dealt
dealt
v.
deal
with
对付，应付；解决，处理；涉及，关于
She is used to dealing with all kinds
of people in her job.
Have you dealt
with these letters yet?
Her poems often
deal with the subject of death.
a
good/great deal of
They
spent a great deal of money.
It is a deal.
就这么办吧！
8.
◎
debt
n.
债务，欠款
pay off/clear/repay the debts
be
in debt
欠债
go/get/run/slip into debt
陷入债务之中
on
n.
make a decision
e
v.
公布，宣布；声明，断言
The government has declared a state of
emergency.
Germany declared war on
France on 1 August 1914.
He declared
that he was in love with her.
declare
for
声明支持
declare against
声明反对
11.
●
decline
拒绝
,
谢绝
,
下降
The number of
tourists declined by 10%.
Her
health was declining rapidly.
I offered
to give them a lift but they declined with thanks.
12.
◎
decorate
v.
装饰修饰
decoration
n.
装饰，装饰品，奖章
decorate A with B
装点，布置
decorate
sb. for bravery
因为勇敢授予奖章
17
13.
◎
decrease v.
(
使
)
减少，变小
decrease (sth.) to 1000
decrease (sth.)
by 10%
n.
do a good
deed
v. n.
a
narrow defeat
惜败
a heavy defeat
惨败
admit defeat
He
defeated the champion.
v.
We are trained to defend
themselves against knife attacks.
我们都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
Troops have been sent to defend the
borders.
已派出部队去守卫边疆。
He defended his wife against rumours
and allegations.
针对谣言和指控他为妻子进行了辩护。
defence
n.
Soldiers who died in defence of their
country
n.
度数（角）
；
度数（温度）
；程度；
学位
an
angle of ninety degrees
Water freezes
at zero degree.
I agree with you to a certain degree.
He h
as a master’s degree
from Harvard.
v.
a delay of two hours
a two-hour delay
report it to the police without delay
Thousands of passengers were delayed
for over an hour.
delay doing:He
delayed telling her news,waiting for the right
moment.
19.
●
delight
快乐
,
乐事
to the delight of sb
with delight
take(great)delight in doing: He takes
great delight in proving others wrong.
The guitar is a delight to play.
delight in sth/ doing sth
delighted: be delighted to do/ that/
by/at/ with
He was delighted at the news of the
wedding.
20.
●
deliver
deliver a baby
Do you have
your milk delivered?
She is due to
deliver a lecture.
安排她做一个演讲。
v.
meet / satisfy
one’s demands
in demand
Good secretaries are always
in demand.
I
demand to see the manager.
I demand
that all the books be sent to Tibet.
22.
depend
v.
depend on
He was
the sort of person you could depend on .
Depend upon it we
won
’
t give up.
请相信我们绝不会放弃。
It / That depends.
be
/
description
Can you describe him to me?
a brief / general
description
24.
design
v.
design a car/ a kitchen
a badly designed kitchen
be
designed for
The film is designed for
children.
be designed to do
The programme is designed
to help poor people.
n. v.
we all desire health and happiness.
a strong desire
for power
26.
destroy
v.
The building was completely destroyed
by fire.
ine
v.
determine to do
They determined to start
early.
be determined to do
I am determined to succeed.
determination
He fought the illness with courage and
determination.
p
v.
发展，壮大；
疾病开始侵袭；冲洗
She
developed the company from nothing.
I had the film
developed.
18
Her son developed asthma when he was
two.
develop a habit
developed /
developing/
development
with the development of science and
technology
29.
◎
devotion
n.
奉献，奉献精神
devote
v.
奉献，贡献
one’s devotion to his job
devote oneself/ one’s time /one’s
energy to sth. /doing sth.
be devoted to sth/doing sth
日记
n.
keep a diary
31
.
dictation
听写
n.
have a dictation
32.
◎
diet
n
.
饮食
go/be on a diet
节食
ent
adj.
不同的
A be
different from B in sth
difference
n.
区别
tell the difference between A and B in
sth
make a / no / some difference to sb/sth
The rain didn’t make much
difference to the game.
ult
adj. /
difficulty
n.
have difficulty
(in) doing sth
have
difficulty with
名词
(
dug
,
dug
,
digging)
v.
挖；挖掘
dig a hole
dig sth up
掘地，平整土地；挖掘出
ion
n.
方向，指导
in the direction of…
朝
….
方向
in all directions
朝四面八方
under sb’s
direction
在
……
指导下
37.
◎
disabled
a.
残废的，残疾的
The disabled
were
sent to the hospital.
38.
◎
disadvantag
e
advantages and
disadvantages
take advantage
of
have an advantage over
优于
…
39
.
◎
disagree
vi.
意见不一致，持不同意见
disagree with what sb. said
disagree
on/about sth
就某事达成一致意见
sth disagree with sb
食物天气等使某人身体不适
40.
disappoint
v.
使
…..
失望
The movie disappointed me.
disappointed
/
disappointing
be
disappointed with /in about /at
be
disappointed to see/hear/find
a
disappointed expression
disappointing news
disappointment
n.
失望
much to one’s
disappointment
be a
disappointment to sb
41.
◎
discount
n.
折扣
discount price
at a discount
以折扣价
42.
●
discourage
使气馁
discourage sb from doing sth
discouraged
discouraging
discouragement
er
v.
/
discovery n.
make a discovery
s
v.
discuss sth with sb
discussion
n.
under discussion
have/ hold a discussion
n.
盘子，餐具
I’ll do the dishes.
我来洗碗。
46.
◎
dislike
v.
不喜欢，厌恶
1) dislike
doing
2)
dislike it +
从句
47.
◎
dismiss
v
.
1)
拒绝考虑
dismiss sth
as
He just laughed and
dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.
他只是笑笑，就以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。
2
）解雇
dismiss sb for sth
dismiss sb.
from the post
3)
打发走，解散
The
teacher will dismiss the class early today because
of the snow .
19
ce
n.
距离
distant
adj.
远的
in
the distance
在远处
at a distance of
数字
隔
….
距离
ction
n.
区别，差别；卓越，优秀
1
）
make/draw a
distinction
区别对待
2
）
the distinction
between A and B
3) of great distinction
卓越的
4
）
have the
distinction of doing sth
有荣誉殊荣做某事
50.
distinguish
v
．区别，辨别
distinguish between A and B
=distinguishA from B
v.
划分；分配；除
；
divide sth up into
把
< br>…..
分成
…..
份
divide sth up between / among sb
在
…..
之间均分
The food was
divided among all the
people
。
Nine divided by
three is three.
Opinions are divided on
the problem.
52.
◎
divorce
离婚，离异
1)
n. get a divorce
divorce rate
2) v. get divorced
< br>53.
●
donate
捐赠
,
捐献
donate sth to sb/sth
donation
: organ donation
make a donation to
n./ v.
怀疑
I never doubted
that
she would come.
I doubted
whether / if
she would come.
without / beyond doubt
毫无疑问
there is no
doubt about sth
airs
adv.
到楼下，在楼下
go downstairs
wn
adj.
市中心的；
adv.
往市中心区
a
downtown office
go downtown
n.
打
2 dozen eggs
2 dozen of these eggs
dozens of eggs
sell eggs by
the dozen.
-dragged-
dragged
拖，拽
1) drag a leg
2) drag sb down
使某人感到不愉快
-drew-
drawn
v.
画；
拉，拖；吸引；
draw the
curtains
draw sb’s attention to sth
draw a conclusion
得出结论
……draw near
临近，接近
Christmas is drawing near.
n. v.
做梦
dream of/about
+ n/doing
dream a good dream
n.
衣服
v.
穿衣服
She
dressed
the child
in
a coat.
She dressed well
/ badly.
be dressed in
状态
get dressed in
动作
dress
up
打扮
dress up as Father Christmas
-drank-drunk
n
.
饮料
v.
喝
drink to
为
……
干杯
Let’s drink to the
friendship betwe
en us.
drunk
喝醉的
drunken
喝醉了的
63.
drive
v.
驾驶，
开车；
驱逐；
迫使
drive a car / taxi
drive sb mad
n.
滴
v.
落下；
降低；
倒下
The fruit dropped down from the tree.
The price of sugar will drop soon.
drop behind
落在后面
drop in on
sb/ at sp
顺便拜访人、地
drop off
下降，减退；
睡着了，打盹
drop out
of sth
从
…..
退出，不再参
加
……
He dropped out of politics.
v.
淹死；
（声音）掩盖
a
drowning man/ a drowned man
The noise
of the train drowned his voice.
n.
药；毒品
take drugs
吸毒
drug addict
吸毒上瘾的人
adj.
干的
v.
弄干
dry up
干涸
；枯竭，耗尽
20
adj.
到期的，预期的
be due to sb/sth
因为，由于
The team’s
success was largely due to her efforts.
be due to do
预期干某事
The next
train is due to arrive in five minutes.
The homework is due.
E----F
1.
eager
adj.
渴望的
be eager for sth
be eager to do
2.
earn
v.
挣；赢得；
arn a
living /earn one’s living
she earns the respect of her students.
3.
easy
adj.
Easier said than done
说时容易做时难
Take it easy
别急，放松
4.
◎
educate
v.
教育，
培养
educated
a.
受过教育的
an
educated person
education
n.
教育
receive a good education
5.
effect
n.
影响，效果
cause and
effect
因果
bring sth into effect
使生效
come into
effect
生效
take effect
开始起作用，见效
have a …
effect on sb/sth
对某人、某物有
….
影响
The medicine
soon took effect.
New controls come into effect next
month.
v.
affect
Does television
affect children’s behaviour?
Does television have an
effect an children’s behaviour?
6.
effort
n.
努力
make an effort /make every effort/ make
efforts
做出努力
spare
no effort(s)
不遗余力
7.
elder
n
长者；长辈；
adj
年纪较长的（只做定语）
elder sister
大姐
Children have
no respect for their elders nowadays.
8.
●
elect
（投票）选举
v.
elect sb.(as)…
an elected leader/representative
n.
election
win/lose a election
run
for election
参加竞选
9.
◎
1
）
electrical
a.
电的，电器的
lectrical equipment/engineer
2
）
ele
ctric
用电的，电动的
electric current
电流
electric shock
电击
electric
blanket
3)
electronic
电子的
electronic calendar
10.
else
adj
< br>别的
/
其他的（做后置定语）
o
r else
否则
You can
use somebody else’s car.
Who else can do
it?
11.
◎
embarrass
v.
使尴尬
embarrassed -embarrassing
–
embarrassment
embarrass sb.
feel
embarrassed about
12.
◎
emergency
n.
紧急情况
in case of (an) emergency
13.
◎
encouragement
n.
鼓励
-encourage-encouraged-
encouraging
encourage
sb to
do sth
14.
end
n
.
末尾
;
终点
;
结束
v
.
结束
;
终止
bring sth to an end
end up in failure
put an end to sth
end up doing
come to an end
end up with
15.
◎
energetic
a.
精力旺盛的，精力充沛的
energetically adv.
energy n.
精力
be full of energy
16.
enough
n
足够
adj
足够的
/
充分的
ad
足够地
/
充分地
I can’t thank you enough.=I can’t thank
you too much.
old enough to go to school
There are enough chairs for the guests.
17.
enter
vt
进入
,
参加
entrance
入口，入学
enter a room
enter for
…
报名参加
…
21
enter the competition
the
entrance to the hall
the
college entrance exanimation
大学入学考试
18.
◎
enthusiastic
a.
热情的，热心的
enthusiastically
adv.
be enthusiastic about
19.
●
entry
进入
Countries seeking entry into the
European Union.
20.
◎
environment
n.
环境
protect the environment
environmentally friendly
21.
envy
vt/
n
嫉妒
/
羡慕
envy sb sth
the envy of sb
22.
equal
adj
平等的，相同的
vt
等于
be equal to sth/doing
equal the world record
23.
●
equip
vt.
提供设备；装备；配备
________,_________
equip
…with
be fully equipped
The course is
designed to equip students for a career in
nursing.
equipment
(
不可数
)
装备
/
设备
a piece of
equipment
24.
escape
v / n
逃跑，逃脱
escape
+n/doing
逃避
…
escape from
…
逃离（地点）
a narrow escape
26.
every
other
day= every second day= every two days
每隔一天、每两天
every
few days
每几天
27.
exact
adj
精确的
to be exact
确切的说
exactly
adv
精确地
This is exactly
what he needs.
28.
examine
vt
检查
/
诊察
have one’s eyes
examined
29.
example
n
榜样
set an example to/for sb
take sth for example
follow sb’s examp
le
30.
except
prep
除
…
之外
His composition
is good except for some spelling mistakes.
I didn’t tell
him anything except that I needed the
money.
31.
◎
exchange
交换，调换，交流
n.1
）
fair exchange
公平的交换
2)
in exchange
作为交换
He gave me a book and I gave him a pen
in exchange
3) in exchange for sth
和
…
交换
I took his watch in
exchange in exchange for camera
v.
exchange A for B =exchange B with A
exchange greetings
32.
excite
vt
使兴奋
/
使激动
If the loud
noise excites the lion, he may attack you.
We are excited
to hear the exciting news.
in an excited voice
33.
exist
vi
存在
There exists no life on the
moon.(
有
…)
◎
existence
n.
存在
come into
existence
开始存在，成立
be in existence
存在
35.
●
expect
预料；盼望；认为
,
预料，预期，预计
You can’t expect to learn
a foreign language in a few months.
expect sth of/from sb.
expect too much of sb
I except so/ I
don’t except so
----Will you
be late?
----I
expect so. ( I guess / think so)
As expected, they finished
the work ahead of time.
◎
expectation
n.
预料，期望
beyond
(all) expectation(s)
出乎意料
contrary to (all) expectations
和预料相反
come up tpo
one’s expectations
达到期望水平
fall short of one’s expectations
没达到期望
in expectation of
准备（有某种情况）
He closed the windows in ~ of rain.
36.
experience
n
经历
(cn)
经验
(un)
v
经历
,
体验
experience a different
culture
be experienced in sth/doing
= have experience in sth/
doing
37.
experiment
n
实验
make/ do/perform/carry out an
experiment
38.
◎
expert
n.
专家
He is an ~ cook.
22
adj.
有经验的
be ~ at
He is ~ at playing the piano.
39.
explain
v
解释
explain sth to
sb
explanation
n
解释
40.
◎
exploit
vt.
利用
,
剥削
In the past,
farmers were ~ by landlords.
开采，开发
W
e must ~ the country s
mineral resources
exploitation
n.
41.
●
explore
vt./vi
勘探
explore sth
for sth
exploration
n.
oil exploration
43.
●
expose
揭露
陈述，揭露（尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实）
My job as a journalist is to expose the
truth.
露出
He smiled ,exposing
a set of amazingly white teeth.
Don’t
expose a baby to strong sunlight.
44.
express
v,
表达
;
adj,
快的
expression
n
表达
/
词句
/
表情
/
神色
You
are free to express yourselves in class.
have a worried expression
on one’s face
45.
eye
n
眼睛
/
眼力
have an eye for
sth
对
…
有鉴赏力
keep an eye on
sb/sth
照看
/
留意
catch one’s eye
吸引注意力
46.
face
n
脸，
表情
v
面对，面向，正视
face sth
面朝，面对
be faced with
…
面对，遇到
47.
●
fade
vt./vi
褪色，
（颜色）消退
The sun had faded the curtains.
The curtains had faded in the sun.
fade away (to disappear
gradually)
her smile
/laughter /voice faded away
48.
fail
v.
失败，不及格，衰退，未发生
failure
n,
失败
fail to do sth
power failure
fail ( in )
sth
words failed me.
fail in doing
My
eyesight failed.
If rain fails, the farmers
will suffer.
I fail to see why you
won’t give it a try.
◎
failure
.
n.
失败
Failure is the mother of success
失败的人或事
The man is
a ~.
The party was a ~
49.
fair
< br>adj
公平的，相当大的，白皙的，晴朗的
,
金黄的：
n.
博览会
a
fair price/ fair skin/ a fair day /fair hair
fairly pretty
50.
fall
(fell
fallen)
n
秋季，跌倒
;
v
降落，突然到来；
系动词
v
进入
…
状态
fall ill/asleep/silent
fall behind
fall
over
fall to the ground
fall down
from../fall off…
A sudden silence fell.
My
birthday falls on a Monday this year.
51.
◎
fantastic
.
adj.
极好的
That s an ~idea.
巨大的
a ~
amount of money
荒诞的
a ~dream
52.
far
adj /adv
远的，远地
farther,
further (
further
表抽象含义
further study)
far from:
离
…
远；
远远不
…
His work is far
from satisfactory.
As/so far as I can
see= In my opinion=Personally
依我看
….
53.
fault
n
缺点，毛病
Why should I say sorry when
it’s not my fault?
find fault with sb
54.
favor
n
恩惠，好处，帮忙
Could you do me
a favor?
Can I ask a favor?
请帮个忙好吗？
We are all in favor of the plan.
23
55.
●
feast
盛会，宴会
v.
feast your eyes
n. a wedding feast
The evening was a real feast for music
lovers.
56.
feed
v
喂养，饲养
They have a large family to feed.
We feed horses on grass.(We feed grass
to horses.)
57.
feel
(felt,felt) vt, link.v
发觉，意识到，感觉
She
couldn’t feel her
legs.
他的双腿失去了知觉。
You will feel better after a good
night’s sleep.
I am not
quite feeling myself today.
We teachers feel strongly
that …
The blind man felt
his way along the road.
feel like sth/doing sth
58.
few
n,adj
不多，少数，少数的，
only a
few/quite a few/a good few/every few days
I have a few friends here./I have few
friends here.
The few friends I made
here are all teachers.
59.
figure
n,v
数字，图形，身形，人物
be
round in figure
呈圆形
have a good figure
身材好
figure out a
problem
算出一道题
I couldn’t figure out who he
was.
我想不出他是谁。
60.
fill
vt
vi
填满，装满
Fill the glass
with water.
A big crowd filled the hall.
Her eyes suddenly filled
with tears.
fill in the blank/fill in the hole/fill
up
61.
film
n v
电影，影片，拍摄
develop a film
Everything was covered in a film of
dust.
62.
find
(found,found)
找到，发现，感到
find one’s way
I find it necessary to find
a good map.
When she came to, she found herself
lying in bed.
The teacher found herself surrounded by
her students.
I
wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere to be
found.
63.
fire
n
火
<
/p>
v
射击，开火，解雇
,
< br>点燃
be on fire
for /fire sb
64.
fit
n
合适的衣服
adj
合适的，胜任的
v
适合
a
good fit/be fit for/be fit to do/keep fit/fit sb
well/
think(see) fit to do
认为合适
65.
fix
v.
修理，安装，确定，决定
Has the date of
the meeting been fixed?
The car can’t start—
can you
fix it?
All the
students are listening to the teacher with their
eyes fixed on the blackboard.
This is a fixed phrase.
66.
flash
n
闪光，转瞬间
v
闪光
Memories flashed through my
mind.
往事历历在目。
a flash of
lightning/in a flash
69.
◎
flesh
.
n.
肉
your own ~ and
blood
你自己的亲骨肉
in
the
flesh
亲自，本人
70.
flood
n
洪水，一大阵
v
淹没
The river is in
flood.
河水泛滥。
What a flood of
rain.
好大一阵雨。
Letters flooded the
office.
信件大量涌入办事处。
Warmth flooded
my heart.
我心里热乎乎的。
71.
floor
n
地板，
（议会的）发言权
take the floor
发言
live on the
third floor
have/get the
floor
取得发言权
24
72.
◎
fluent
adj.
流利的
He is ~ in English.
He
speaks ~ English
fluently
adv.
fluency
n.
73.
fly
(flew,
flown) v
飞，飞行，放，飘，突然开
n
飞行，苍蝇
Birds fly in the sky.
A
flag flies in the wind.
How time
flies.
时间飞逝。
The
door flew open.
门突然开了。
74.
◎
focus
.
vt.
集中
~ one s eyes /attention
Eyes were ~ed on him
n.
焦点，引人注目的中心
75.
follow
v
跟随，效仿，跟得上
follow sb up the
stairs/follow one’s example/follow this
road
in the following years
Their requirements are as follows.
Do you follow me?
The teacher
came in, followed by some students./following some
students.
76.
fool
n
傻子
v
愚弄
make a fool of sb
fool sb into doing sth
All(April)Fools’ Day
77.
for
ten for a
dollar/take sb for a fool/So much for today/
a ticket for tomorrow
He is tall for
his age
78.
●
forbid
禁止；不许
________,_________
forbid
sb. from doing
forbid do
forbid doing
the Forbidden
City
79.
force
v
强迫，迫使
n
外力
force sb to do
sth
force sb
into doing
force one’s way
force a smile
82.
forget
v
忘记
forget to do
sth/forget doing
Don’t forget me to your
mother.
You must do it before you
forget it.
Forget about sth
别再想
…
Forget it.
83.
●
fortune
u/n
财产；运气
s
eek one’s
fortune
make one’s
fortune
84.
free
v
自由的，空闲的，免费的
be free from/of
free of charge/for free/free sb
from(of)
a tax-free shop/a smoke-free room
85.
freeze
vi
vt
结冰
Water freezes at zero degrees
centigrade.
I
am freezing.
我快冻僵了。
Smiles froze on her
face.
笑容在她脸上僵住了。
be frozen/freeze to death
freezing cold/burning hot
86.
fresh
adj
新鲜的
fresh air/water/color/news
87.
friend
n
朋友
make friends with sb
a friend of
Mary’s / a friend of mine
friendly
adj
友好的
88.
fun
n
有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑
It is great fun to swim in
a pool in summer.
have fun doing
just for fun
make fun of sb
89.
◎
function
.
n.
功能，作用，职责
the ~ of
a chairman.
聚会，集会
official ~s
v.
起作用，正常工作
The machine functions well.
G
1.
gain n.
收益，获利
v
获得，赚得，赢得
gain
knowledge
The clock
gains
.
He
gained
10kg in weight.
No pains, no
gains
.
2.
●
gather
vt
vi
聚集，采集
gathering
n.
gather
breath/
gather
courage/
gather
strength
She
gathered
a crowed around
her.
A crowed of people
gathered
around her.
The
train was gathering speed.
3.
◎
generous
adj.
慷慨大方的
It s ~ of you to lend
me the car.
be ~ to sb
对某人慷慨
25
丰盛的
a ~ meal.
generosity
n.
4.
get
v
成为，得到，到达
Mother
often
gets
me to wash the
dishes.
The machine broke down. Can you
get
it working?
I am going to
get
my bike repaired.
You
got
it.
Hard work can
get
you somewhere.
get
sth across to sb
get
along with
get
down to doing
get
rid of
get
round
get away with
get
away from
get on
6.
gift
n
赠品，礼
a birthday
gift
have a
gift
for
a man of many
gifts
◎
gifted = talented
有天赋的
a
~ student
7. give
v
递给，付出，给予
give
out/up/away/in/off
8.
◎
glory
n.
荣誉，光荣，赞美
It s a great glory to die
for our country.
glorious
adj.
9. go
v
去，走，到
n
尝试
All the money
he got
went
in books.
The
story
goes
that there was a
mean landlord named ZhouBapi.
Where does the
book
go
?
There is five minutes to
go
./There is a long way to
go
.
go
hungry/thirsty/mad/bad/wrong
have a
go
试试
be on the
go
忙碌
10.
good
adj
n
have a
good
time doing
a
good
few books
a
good
many books
give sb a
good
beating
as
good
as
和
< br>…
一样好，几乎
be
good
at English
be
good
for one’s
health
be
good
to sb
do
good
to sb=do sb
good
It
is no
good
doing
11.
◎
grasp
vt.
抓牢，抓紧
He suddenly
~ my arm.
理解，领会
He ~ d what
I said.
12.
●
grateful
感激的，感谢的
be
grateful for/that
I’m so grateful for all
your help.
She was grateful
that he helped him a lot.
13.
◎
greedy
adj.
贪婪的
It’s ~ for you to take so money.
贪图权利
be ~ for power
14.
greet
v
招呼，迎接，入（耳）
，触（目）
，扑（鼻）
greet
sb with a
nod
点头示意
greet
the New
Year
迎接新年
A sweet smell
greets
the
nose.
香气扑鼻
15.
grow
vt
vi
link.v
成长，变得
He
grew
tall./old.
I
grew
to like the dog.(grow
to do=come to do)
a
growing
number of people
16.
●
guarantee
保证
guarantee
sb./sth
I ~ you a wonderful film.
guarantee to do
I can’t ~ to
work for more than a year.
guarantee that …
I ~ that you’ll love this
f
ilm.
17.
guess
v
猜测
What do you
guess
has happened to him?
I
guess
so./I
guess
not.
You
have
guessed
it.
18.
◎
guidance
n.
引导，指导，建议
under
one’ ~
with one’s help
guide
v/n.
引导，导游
19.
◎
guilty
adj.
有罪的
He was ~ of
murder.
He was found ~
.
I feel ~ of
what I did. .
H
26
1
.habit
n
习惯
form/develop the(a)
habit
of
be in the(a
)
habit
of
fall/get into the(a)
habit
of
2
.hand
v
传递
n
手
，指针
have a
hand
in
give/lend sb a
hand
hand
in
/out/down
from
hand
to
hand
on the one
hand
…on the other
hand
…
3.
◎
handle
n.
把手
the ~ of the door
vt.
处理，应付
I have no
idea how to ~ the children.
4.
●
handy
便利的，顺手的
It’s quite a handy little
tool.
I always keep my gun
handy just in case.
5
.hang
vt vi
绞刑，上吊，悬挂
hang
one’s head
in shame
含羞低头
hang
curtains
hang
out/up
6.
happen
v
发生，碰巧
What
happened
to
her?
It so
happened
that I had no money
with me.
I
happened
to have no money
with me.
7.
hardly
几乎不
Hardly
does she
go home.
Hardly
had he got home when it began to rain.
8.
◎
harm
危害
n
do (no) ~ to sb/sth
v
~ sb/sth
9
. harvest
n.
A
heavy snow promises a good harvest.
瑞雪兆丰年
get
in the harvest
收庄稼
10
.hate
v.
hate to do/ doing
I hate it when people cry.
11.
have
v.
○
1
have (got) to
○
2
have on
穿着
(
表状态，无进行时态
)
He
had a red jacket on.
○
3
have sth done
让别人做某事
/
主语遭受
…
Is this the watch you have repaired?
She had her bag stolen.
○
4
have sb do
让某人去做某事
Who do you have type the letter?
○
5
have something / nothing to do with…
与
..
有
/
没有关系
○
6
have sb
doing…
使某人做某事
/
与
cannot/won’t
连用表示不能容忍
…
I have my
students listening attentively.
我使学生们听得入神
.
I can’t have people arriving late all
the time.
我不能忍受人们总是迟到
.
12.
head
1)
n.
○
1
use
your head
动动脑筋
○
2
hold one’s head
high
趾高气扬
○
3
from head to foot/
toe
从头到脚
○
4
hit
sb. on the head
击中某人的头
2) v.
head for
sp.
朝某处走去
13
. health
n.
healthy
adj.
in
good / bad health
keep healthy
~
diet
14
. hear
v.
○
1
hear about / of
听说
○
2
hear from
收到某人的来信
○
3
hear sb. do/ doing
听到某人做了某事<
/p>
/
听到某人正在做某事
15
. heart
n
.
○
1
learn sth. by heart
记住
○
2
lose heart
灰心
,
泄气
○
3
lose one’s heart to
sb.
倾心于某人
○
4
heart and soul
全心全意
○
5
from the bottom of one’s heart
由衷的
16
. heavy
adj.
heavily
adv.
○
1
a heavy smoker
烟瘾极大的人
○
2
heavy rain/
traffic
大雨
/
交通繁忙
○
3
rain heavily
17
.
height
n.
○
1
at
a height of
30,000 meters
○
2
It’s about 2 meters
high/ in
height.
18
. help
n. / v.
○
1
help sb. (to) do/with sth.
○
2
help sb out of
帮助
..
摆脱
…
○
3
can’t help doing
禁不住做
…
○
4
can
not help but do
不得不做某事
27
○
5
help oneself to sth.
随便用
…
○
6
with one’s help
19.
◎
helpful
adj.
be very ~ = be
of great help
20.
◎
hesitate
vt.
~ to do sth
hesitation
n.
without hesitation
21
.high
1)
adj.
at a high / low price
in a high voice
in high spirits
2)
adv.
与
highly
的区别
○
1
high
表示
具体的含义
“
高高地
”
fly high in the sky/ jump
high
○
2
highly
表示的是抽象的含义
“
高度地
”
a highly
developed country
think / speak highly of
22
. history
n.
○
1
in history
在历史上
○
2
the
history of America
美国的历史
○
3
have a long history / have a history
of…
○
4
make history
创造历史
23
. hit
(hit , hit)
1)
v.
○
1
撞
击打
hit sb. on the
head
○
2
袭击
An
earthquake hit there.
○
3
突然想起
An idea hit/
strike/occur to me.
It suddenly hit
me that…….
2)
n.
受欢迎的
< br>/
引起轰动的人或物
He is a real
hit.
//
a hit song
24
. hold- held-held
○
1
catch / get / take hold of
抓住
拿着
○
2
hold a
meeting
举行会议
hold one’s breath
屏住呼吸
hold office/ the position
任职
hold sb. prisoner
监禁某人
hold one’s
head high
趾高气扬
hold together
（使
…
）团结一致
○
3
hold on
别挂断；稍等，等着；
坚持住，挺住
hold up
支撑
;
延误，耽搁；抢劫；举出例子
，提出
…
作为榜样
An accident is holding up
traffic.
She’
s always
holding up her children as models of good
behavior.
hold on to
抓住不放；
保住
…
不出卖
hold back
拦阻；向某人隐瞒（
from sb.
）
;
抑制，控制
She managed to hold back her anger/
tears.
hold out
坚持，维持；伸出手，递出东西；
hold out my hands
○
4
容纳
The plane
holds about 300 passengers.
25
. honor
1)
n.
荣誉，光荣
○
1
in honor of
为了纪念
向某人表达敬意
○
2
It’s an honor for sb.
to do
sth.
2)
v.
honor sb.
给某人荣耀
The president
honored us with a personal visit.
sb.
be honored…
感到荣幸
I
was honored to have been mentioned in his speech.
26
. hope
1)
n.
in (the) hope
of…/ that clause.
抱着
…
的希望
He
went abroad in the hope of earning a lot of money.
2)
v.
○
1
hope to do sth.
②
hope so/ I hope not.
○
3
hope for…
期待着
…
Hope for the best, prepare for the
worst
○
4
I
hope that you are well./ I wish that I were a
bird.
27
◎
host
n
。
主人
hostess
主持人
~
of the TV show
东道主
~ country
vt.
主持，主办
~ the party/meeting/Olympic games
28.
hostess
n.
host
actor
actress
waiter waitress
god
goddess
29.
◎
hug
v. hugged hugged
They put their arms around each other
and hugged.
The track hugs the coast
for a mile. (
有一段距离紧挨某物
)
28
n. He stopped to receive hugs and
kisses from the fans.
He gave her mother a big hug.
30.
◎
humor
n.
----
humourous
adj.
n. I can’t stand people with no
sens
e of humor.
They failed
to see the humor of the situation.
v. she thought
it best to humor him rather than get into an
argument.
31.
◎
hunt
v.
a. lions sometimes hunt
alone. / whales are being hunted and killed.
b. she is
hunting for a new job.
c.
police are hunting for an escaped criminal.
hunt sb down
hunt out
32
.hurry
1)
v.
hurry sb. /sth. up
催促某人
hurry up
快点，赶快
2
）
n.
in a hurry
赶快
33.
hurt
vi./ vt
.
hurt one’s feelings/
leg
；
be badly
hurt
My leg hurts.
Where does it hurt?
你哪疼？
I-J-K
1.
idea
n.
have some/ no idea +
从句
/ of
…
I have no idea why she left.
/
I
have no idea of his address.
2.
◎
identity
n
The police are trying to discover the
identity of the killer.
The
thief used a false identity.
identity card=ID card
adj
1)
ill
与
sick
的区别
He was ill/ sick.
a sick mother
2) = bad
have a bad/ an ill effect
on…
影响不好
speak/ think ill of sb.
说某人的坏话
5.
◎
illegal
/
legal
adj.
It is illegal to drive
through a red light.
illegally
adv.
He entered the country
illegally.
6.
imagine
v.
imagine sth. / doing sth.
I can’t imagine
life without the children now.
I can’t imagine
his becoming a teacher.
7.
◎
immediately
adv.
He answered
almost immediately.
Turn right
immediately after the church.
conj.
Immediately he had gone,I remembered
her name.
immediate
adj.
an
immediate reaction / response
take immediate
action
8.
●
i
m
port
进口，输入
n.
the import of electrical goods.
v.
All the meat
is imported from France.
9.
◎
impression
n.
a) get a good /
bad impression of sb
a
general / an overall impression
b) My words
made no impression on her.
His
trip to India makes a strong impression on him.
c)
be under the impression that
I was
under the impression that the work had already
been completed.
impress
v.
impress sb with sth / sb
He impressed us with his sincerity.
impress sth on / upon sb
He impressed on
us the need for immediate action.
impress sth / itself on / upon sth
Her words
impressed themselves on my memory.
prep.
○
1
in
a word
一句话说
○
2
in
all
总共
○
3
in
modern times
○
4
be
measured in tons
用吨来衡量
29
○
5
in
that…
因为
She was lucky
in that she had friends to help her .
○
6
in
the eighteenth century/ in the1990s
○
7
in one’s twenties
○
8
in
pencil/ English/ ink
用铅笔
/
英语
/
墨水
○
9
pay
sth in cash
1
○
0
The wall is 3meters in height/high. /
The rope is 3 meters in length/long.
e
v.
Everyone
laughed, including me. (me included.)
13.
increase
1)
v.
increase to / by
增加到
/
了
2)
n
Great demands
lead to a large increase in supply.
increasingly
adv.
越来越多的，不断增加的
increasingly
difficult/ important/ popular
15.
◎
indicate
A red sky at
night often indicated fine weather the next day.
In his letter, he indicated to us that
he was willing to cooperate.
indication
n. indication of sth / doing sth
They gave no indication of how the work
should be done .
16.
◎
industry
n.------
industrial
adj.
heavy / light industry
17.
influence
n.
have a strong… ~ on/ upon sb /
sth
~over sb
/ sth
His parents no longer have any ~ over
her.
under the ~ of
sb
/ sth
He committed the crime
under the ~ of the drugs.
Those friends
are a bad ~ on her.
v.
His writings have ~d the lives of
millions.
18
.●
inform
告诉，通知
inform sb. of /that
We regret to inform you that your
application has been rejected.
keep sb.
informed of
make informed decision
19.
◎
injure
v.
He
~d his knee playing football.
This could seriously ~the company’s
reputation.
injury
n.
injuries
There were no injuries in the crash.
The players are out of the team because
of injury.
20.
◎
insert
v.
~ sth in / into/ between
sth
They ~a tube in his mouth to help him
breathe.
~ sth into sth
He ~ed a
paragraph into his will.
1
The man insisted that he
hadn’t stolen
anything and
that he (should) be set free.
21.
insist
v.
○
○
2
insist on doing sth.
22.
◎
inspect
v.
inspection
n.
inspector
n.
The teacher walked around inspecting
their work.
23.
◎
instant
n/ adj.
------
instantly
adv.
adj. The show was an ~success.
~coffee /
noodles
n.
I
will be back in an ~.
At
the very~, the door opened.
I recognized her the ~ I saw her.
d
adv.
Lee was ill, so I went instead. / He
didn’t reply. Instead, he left.
instead
of
:
Now I can walk to work instead of going
by car.
25.
◎
instr
uct
v.
~ sb to do
She arrived at 10 o’ clock
as ~ed.
The
letter ~him to report to headquarters immediately.
instruction
n.
follow one’s
instructions
carry out / ignore
one
’
s ~s
30
26.
●
insure
给
…
保险
vt.
Have you
insured the contents of your home?
27.<
/p>
●
intend
想要，打算
intend (sb.)to
do
I intend to spend the night there.
intend that
It is intended that these meetings will
become a regular event.
be intended for
sb./sth
The
book, intended for children aged 5-7,sells well.
28.
◎
intention
n
~ of doing sth
/ to do sth
I have no ~ of going to the wedding.
I
had every~ of paying her back what I owe her.
She is full of
good ~s.
He left England
with the ~ of
traveling in
Africa.
st
1)
v.
interest sb.
I
bought the book that interested me most.
2)
n.
○
1<
/p>
兴趣（
U
）
show /have / feel/ express (an)
interest in…
lose interest in…
I watched the game with interest.
○
2
利益
(C)
常用复数形式
protect customers’ interests
○
3
a
place of interest/ places of interest
30.
◎
interpreter
n.
interpret
v.
~
the poem
~ sth as~
I didn’t know whether to ~ her silence
as acceptance or refusal.
~ for sb
Her
children ~for her.
31.
◎
interview
n.
a television / newspaper / radio ~
v.
Which post are
you being ~ed for?
If
you don’t
~well , you are unlikely to get the
job.
interviewee
/
interviewer
n.
32. introduce
v.
introduction
n
.
○
1
introduce sb. to sb./ oneself
○
2
introduce sb. to
sth.
使初次了解
It was she who first introduced me to
the pleasures of sailing
。
○
3
introduce new
technology
○
4
an introduction to English grammar
n
.
traffic jam
34
.the Japanese
language
v.
○
1
join the party/
army
○
2
join sb. in
sth. / doing sth.
○
3
join in the
game
○
4
join hands with
sb.
○
5
连接
join A to B./ join A and B
The island is joined to the mainland by
a bridge.
n.
○
1
play a joke on
sb.
○
2
have/ make a
joke with sb.
n.
○
1
(much) to one’s joy
○
2
light up with
joy
n.
裁判；法官
The judge sentenced him to five years
in prison.
1)
v.
○
1
Don’t judge a
book by
its cover
.
不要以貌取人
○
2
judge by / from
Judging by his letter, they are having
a wonderful time.
judgement
n.
判决
pass judgement on sb/ sth
通过
对
…
的判决
v.
○
1
keep (on)doing
一直做
…
Why do you keep laughing
all the time?
你为什么一直在笑
?
He is always keeping (on ) asking me
the same question.
○
2
keep a secret/ one’s word/ a record
○
3
keep sb / sth from doing
○
4
keep the door open/ her waiting/ sb. in
bed/ sb. in
formed of…
○
5
keep calm/ healthy/ left
○
6
keep sheep
养羊
○
7
keep up with
跟上
keep up (
天气
)
持续不变
The rain kept up all
afternoon.
keep back
抑制
,
,
忍住
keep sth back from sb.
向某人隐瞒
31
keep away from
远离
keep off
不接触
Keep off grass!
key
to success
成功的关键
adj .
be kind to sb.
对某人友好
2)
n.
a kind of / all kinds of
kind of
稍微
有点儿
That made me feel kind of
stupid
.
42.
go /
get down on one’s
knees
v.
○
1
knock at the
door
敲门
○
2
knock around/
about
漫游
/
虐待
○
3
knock down
撞到
/
拆掉
knock over
撞翻
v.
○
1
know of/ about
知道
获悉
了解
○
2
be
known for/ as
○
3
get to know sb.
逐渐了解
…
dge
n.
○
1
Knowledge is
power.
○
2
have a good
knowledge of…
L
2.
lack
1)
v.
lack (for)
sth
lack
courage/money
2)
n.
○
1
a lack of money
○
2
for lack of
…
因为缺乏
…
3)
be l
acking in
缺乏
…
2.
last
1)
adj.
the last person/ thing
最不可能的、最想不到的
He’
s
the last person I’d trust.
The last thing
I want to do is homework.
2)
adv
.
last but not least
最后但是同样重要的是
3
）
n
．
He was the last
to arrive
.
4)
vi.
持续
The war lasted (for) 3 years.
3.
late
1)
adj
.
○
1
be late for…
○
2
in
the late 1970s
2)
adv
.
○
1
get
up late
○
2
late in the afternoon
傍晚
3)
○
1
better late
than never
迟到总比不到好
○
2
It’s never too
late to mend
亡羊补牢
○
3
of late = lately/ recently
I haven’t seen
him of late.
4.
lately
= recently
5.
later
adv.
○
1
sooner or later
○
2
no
later than…
不迟于
○
3
later on
后来
Much later on, she realizes what he had
meant
.
6.
laugh
v.
○
1
laugh at…
○
2
laugh your head off
大笑不止
○
3
burst out laughing/ burst into laughter
7.
law
n.
○
1
break/ obey/ keep the law
○
2
by law
依据法律
8.
lay
–
laid- laid
○
1
lay
the table
放桌子
○
2
lay eggs
下蛋
○
3
lay
aside
把
…
放在一边
○
4
lay down
放下
○
5
lay off
解雇
(laid-off
下岗的
)
1
lead a happy
life
○
9.
lead
-
led-led
○
2
lead to sth. /
doing
10.
learn
-
learnt-learnt
○
1
learn from
从
…
中学习
,
向
…
学习
○
2
learn about/ of
听说
得知
○
3
learn…
by heart
记住
11.
least
adj.
○
1
at (the) least
○
2
not
in the least
一点儿也不
She didn’t have the least idea what to
do about it.
12.
leave
1)
v.
○
1
leave sp. for
sp
离开
…
去
…
○
2
leave +
宾语
+
宾补
leave the door open
leave her waiting for 2
hours
leave him out
leave him an
orphan
使他成为孤儿
○
3
丢下
leave sth. +
介词短语
leave the key
on the bus
○
4
leave out
遗漏
leave behind
把
…
丢在后边
32