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2021年2月15日发(作者:创业学)


中马财务报表列报准则比较



A Comparison of Financial Statement Criteria between China and Malaysia


池昭梅





【论文分类】财务与会计导刊(理论版)



【论文网络来源】


/F101


【期刊 期数】


2009



08




【论文期刊来源】


《财会 月刊(理论)



(


武汉


)2009



3


下期第


89



92




【英文标题】


A


Comparison


of


Financial


Statement


Criteria


between


China


and


Malaysia


【作者简介】池昭梅,广西财经学院。


(南宁


530003






随着



“中 国


-


东盟自由贸易区”的加快建设,中国与马来西亚必将在区域 经济一体化中发挥


重要作用。研究中马两国财务报表列报准则存在的差异,对中国企业尽 快融入国际资本市场


具有重要的意义。



With


the



-


ASEAN


Free


Trade


Area


to


speed


up


construction,


China


and


Malaysia


in regional economic integration will play an important role. Study of financial


statements of both countries present different criteria, as soon as possible for


Chinese


enterprises


into


the


international


capital


markets


is


of


great


significance.


一、中马财务报表列报准则发展历程比较



First, A Comparison of the development history of Financial Statement Criteria


between China and Malaysia





1.


马来 西亚财务报表列报准则的发展历程。根据


1997


年通过的《财 务报告法》的相关规定,


马来西亚成立了财务报告基金会(


FR F


)和马来西亚会计准则委员会(


MASB


,并赋予马来西


亚会计准则委员会制定、


修改会计准则等方面的权限。


1999


年,

< p>
MASB


第一次发布了财务报表


列报准则(


MASB1



,企业的财务报表编制因此有了 依据。从


2005



1



1


日起,


MASB


把所


有的会计准则重新命名为财务报告准则(


F RS



,至此


MASB1


更名为


FRS101



20 07



6



1 5


日,根据国际财务报告准则的相关规定,


MASB

< p>
对十项财务报告准则和《财务报表列报框架》


进行修订和重新编排,


FRS101


的内容随之发生了很大的变化,


本文所要比较的财务报表列报


准则为


2007

< br>年修订后的准则。



1.


Malaysia


Financial


Statement


Criteria


development


process.


According


to


the


1997


adoption


of


the



Reporting


Act,


the


relevant


provisions


of


the


Financial


Reporting Foundation was established in Malaysia (FRF) and Malaysian Accounting


Standards


Board


(MASB),


and


given


the


Malaysian


Accounting


Standards


Board


to


develop,


modify accounting standards and other aspects of permissions. In 1999, MASB issued


the


first


guidelines


for


presentation


of


financial


statements


(MASB1),


therefore


the


preparation of corporate financial statements has been based. From 1 January 2005


onwards,


MASB


accounting


standards


for


all


re-named


the


Financial


Reporting


Standards


(FRS),


thus


MASB1


renamed



June15,2007according


to


International


Financial


Reporting


Standards


with


the


relevant


provisions,


MASB


of


ten


key


Financial


Reporting


Standards and the


FRS101


the


contents


of


the


great


changes


ensue


in


this


paper


to


compare


the


criteria


of financial statements for 2007 revised criteria.


2.


中国财务报表列报准则的发展历程。



2006



《企业会计准则第


30


号——财务报表列报》


< br>CAS30



发布之前,


中国并 无完整意义上的财务报表列报准则,


对财务报表列报的相关规定,


散见于


《企业会计准则——基本准则》


企业会计


(核算)


制度以及证监会发布的关于公开发


行证券的公司信息披露的相关规定中。



e


Financial


Statement


Criteria


development


process.


2006



Standards


for


Enterprises


No.


30


-


Financial


Statements


(CAS30)


before


the


release,


China


is


not


the


full


sense


guidelines


for


the


presentation


of


financial


statements,


presentation of the financial statements of the relevant provisions of scattered,



CSRC's public offering of securities on the disclosure of corporate information


related provisions.


1950



7



1


日开始试行的新中国第一个统一 核算制度


《中央重工业部所属企业及经济机构


统一会计制度》< /p>



把会计报表分为主要报表及辅助报表两类,

主要报表有资产负债表、


现金收


支表、成本计算表等


6


种。


1962


年< /p>


1


月颁发的《国营工业企业会计报表格式和编制说明》将


资产负债表改为资金平衡表,同时会计报表有


15


种之多。


1965



11

< p>
月颁发的《工业企业会


计科目和报表格式》


,将< /p>


15


种会计报表减为


6

< br>种。在


1985


年、


1989< /p>


年两次修订的《国营工


业企业会计制度——会计科目和会计报表》 中对资金平衡表的编排有所改变,不再保持三段


平衡的格式,并且对报表中的相关项目进 行了调整。



July


1,


1950


began


the


trial


of


the


fist


unified


accounting


system


of


the


New


China's



uniform


accounting


system


the


accounting


statements


and


supporting


statements


are


divided


into


two


major


reports,


the


main


statements


are


the


balance


sheet,


cash


income


and expenditure,the cost of computation, etc. 6 species. January 1962 issue of the



industrial


enterprises


and


the


preparation


of


the


format


of


accounting


statements


that


the


balance


sheet


to


fund


balance


sheet,


while


the


financial


statements


of


15


species.


November


1965


issue


of



enterprise


accounts


and


report


formats


will


be


reduced


to


15


types


of


financial


statements


6


types.


In


1985,


and 1989 amendments to the


accounts


and


financial


statements


in


the


presentation


of


the


financial


balance


sheet


has changed, no longer maintain the balance of the format of three sections, and on


the related report items have been adjusted.

1992



11



30


日,财政部颁布了中国第一部《企业会计准则》


, 在该准则的第九章中,指


出财务报告是反映企业财务状况和经营成果的书面文件,包括资 产负债表、损益表、财务状


况变动表(或者现金流量表)


、附表 、会计报表附注和财务状况说明书。另外,在当时发布的


《企业财务通则》


第四十一条和第四十二条也提到了财务报告的内容。


此后财政部又依据


《企


业会计准则》


制定了全国统一的分行业的 会计制度,


以便与


《企业会计准则》


配 合使用。


1998



3


月颁发的《企业会计准则——现金流量表》规范了现金流量表的编制内容及编制方法,

< br>此准则在


2001



1


月被修订,现金流量表的编制内容因此得到进一步简化。


1999


年,全国


人大常委会审核通过了修订后的《会计法》

< br>,并于


2000



7

< p>


1


日开始施行。在《会计法》

< br>的第十八条至二十三条,均提到了财务会计报告的编制基础、内容等问题。


200 0



6


月,国


务院发布了《企业财务会计报告条例》


,并于


2001



1



1


日起开始施行。该条例指出财务


会计报告应包括会计报表、会计报表附注及财 务情况说明书,主要的会计报表包括资产负债


表、利润表、现金流量表及相关附表。同时 ,该条例对资产、负债、所有者权益、收入、费


用及利润六大要素进行了详细说明。



November


30,


1992,


the


Ministry


of


Finance


issued


China's


first



Accounting Standards


report


reflecting


the


financial


position


and


operating


results


of


the


written


documents,


including


a


balance


sheet,


income


statement,


changes


in


financial


position


(or


cash


flow


statement),


Schedules,


Financial


Statements


and


the


financial


position


of


the


manual.


In


addition,


published


at


the


time,



Principles


of


Corporate


Finance,


Since then the Ministry of Finance and based on


developed a unified accounting system of the sub-sector to work with


Accounting


Standards


with


use.


March


1998


awarded


the



Accounting


Standards - Statement of Cash Flows


Statement of Cash Flows


for the preparation


of


standardized


content


and


methodology,


the


guidelines


in


January


2001


was


revised


up


cash flow to further simplify the preparation of the contents so. In 1999, the NPC


Standing Committee examined and adopted the revised


1, 2000 into effect. In the


referred


to


the


preparation


of


financial


reports


based


on


the


content


and


other


issues.


June


2000,


the


State


Council


issued


the



Financial


Statements


Regulations,


financial


report


of


the


Ordinance


shall


include


the


financial


statements,


accounting


statements


and


financial


situation,


the


main


financial


statements


include


a


balance


sheet,


income


statement,


cash


flow


statement


and


related


details.


At


the


same


time,


the


Ordinance


on


the


assets,


liabilities,


equity,


revenues,


expenses


and


profits


of


the six elements described in detail.



此外,针对证券发行公司在信息披露方面的特殊性,中国证监会还发布了财务报表列报的相


关规定。


2006



2


月,财政部发布了《企业会计准则第


30

号——财务报表列报》


,并于当年


10

月发布了该准则的应用指南,


这是中国首次发布的关于如何规范企业财务报表列报的 一个


完整准则。



In


addition,


the


securities


issued


in


the


special


nature


of


information


disclosure,


the


CSRC


also


issued


financial


statements


of


the


relevant


provisions


of


the


presentation.


February


2006,


the


Ministry


of


Finance


issued


the



Standards


for Enterprises No. 30 - Financial Statements


application of the guidelines issued guidance, this is the first release of the


financial


statements


on


how


to


regulate


business


criteria


for


a


complete


presentation.


二、中马财务报表列报准则内容比较



Second



A Comparison of the content of Financial Statement Criteria between China


and Malaysia



中马两国在


2006


年前后发布的财务报表列报准则,


虽同时参考了


《国际 会计准则第


1


号——


财务报表列报》< /p>



但两者在很多方面存在明显的差异。


中 马两国在财务报表列报准则的表述方


面有所不同,中国以章节分别论述,而马来西亚则完 全参照国际财务报告准则的格式,以段


落分而述之。


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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