建筑专业术语翻译

(

平均

)

降雨量

maximum (mean) rainfall

雷击及闪电

thunder and lightning

飓风

hurricane

台风

typhoon

旋风

cyclone

降雨强度

rainfall intensity

年降雨量

annual rainfall

湿球温度

wet bulb temperature

干球温度

dry bulb temperature

冰冻期

frost period

冰冻线

frost line

冰冻区

frost zone

室外计算温度

calculating outdoor temperature

采暖地区

region with heating provision

不采暖地区

region without heating provision

绝对大气压

absolute atmospheric pressure

相对湿度

relative humidity

d. GENERAL ROOM NAME

常用房间名称

办公室

office

服务用房

service room

换班室

shift room

休息室

rest room (break room)

起居室

living room

浴室

bathroom

淋浴间

shower

更衣室

locker room

厕所

lavatory

门厅

lobby

诊室

clinic

工作间

workshop

电气开关室

switchroom

走廊

corridor

档案室

archive

电梯机房

lift motor room

车库

garage

清洁间

cleaning room

< /p>

会议室

(

正式

) conference room

会议室

meeting room

衣柜间

ward robe

暖风间

H.V.A.C room

饭店

restaurant

餐厅

canteen, dining room

厨房

kitchen

入口

entrance

接待处

reception area

会计室

accountant room

秘书室

secretary room

电气室

electrical room

控制室

control room

工长室

foreman office

开关柜室

switch gear

前室

antecabinet (Ante.)

生产区

production area

马达控制中心

Mcc

多功能用房

utility room

化验室

laboratory room

经理室

manager room

披

屋

(

阁楼

) penthouse

警卫室

guard house

e. ROOFING AND CEILING

屋面及天棚

女儿墙

parapet

雨蓬

canopy

屋脊

roof ridge

坡度

slope

坡跨比

pitch

分水线

water-shed

二毡三油

2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic

附加油毡一层

extra ply of felt

檐口

eave

挑檐

overhanging eave

檐沟

eave gutter

平屋面

flat roof

坡屋面

pitched roof

雨水管

downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)

汇水面积

catchment area

泛水

flashing

内排水

interior drainage

外排水

exterior drainage

滴水

drip

屋面排水

roof drainage

找平层

leveling course

卷材屋面

built-up roofing

天棚

ceiling

檩条

purlin

屋面板

roofing board

天花板

ceiling board

防水层

water-proof course

检查孔

inspection hole

人孔

manhole

吊顶

suspended ceiling, false ceiling

檐板

(

窗帘盒

) cornice

f. W

ALL (CLADDING)

墙体

(

外墙板

)

砖墙

brick wall

砌块墙

block wall

清水砖墙

brick wall without plastering

抹灰墙

rendered wall

石膏板墙

gypsum board, plaster board

空心砖墙

hollow brick wall

承重墙

bearing wall

非承重墙

non-bearing wall

纵墙

longitudinal wall

横墙

transverse wall

外墙

external (exterior) wall

内墙

internal (interior) wall

填充墙

filler wall

防火墙

fire wall

窗间墙

wall between window

空心墙

cavity wall

压顶

coping

圈梁

gird, girt, girth

玻璃隔断

glazed wall

防潮层

damp-proof course (D.P.C)

遮阳板

sunshade

阳台

balcony

伸缩缝

expansion joint

沉降缝

settlement joint

抗震缝

seismic joint

复合夹心板

sandwich board

压型单板

corrugated single steel plate

外墙板

cladding panel

复合板

composite panel

轻质隔断

light-weight partition

牛腿

bracket

砖烟囱

brick chimney

勒脚

(

基座

) plinth

g. FLOOR AND TRENCH

地面及地沟

地坪

grade

地面和楼面

ground and floor

素土夯实

rammed earth

炉渣夯实

tamped cinder

填土

filled earth

回填土夯实

tamped backfill

垫层

bedding course, blinding

面层

covering, finish

结合层

bonding (binding) course

找平层

leveling course

素水泥浆结合层

neat cement binding course

混凝土地面

concrete floor

水泥地面

cement floor

机器磨平混凝土地面

machine trowelled concrete floor

水磨石地面

terrazzo flooring

马赛克地面

mosaic flooring

瓷砖地面

ceramic tile flooring

油地毡地面

linoleum flooring

预

水

磨

石

地

面

precast

terrazzo

flooring

硬木花地面

hard-wood parquet flooring

搁栅

joist

硬木毛地面

hard-wood rough flooring

企

口

板

地

面< /p>

tongued

and

grooved

flooring

防酸地面

acid-resistant floor

钢筋混凝土楼板

reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)

乙烯基地面

vinyl flooring

水磨石嵌条

divider strip for terrazzo

地面做

2

％坡

floor with 2% slope

集水沟

gully

集水口

gulley

排水沟

drainage trench

沟盖板

trench cover

活动盖板

removable cover plate

集水坑

sump pit

孔翻边

hole up stand

电缆沟

cable trench

h.

DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS

&

IRONMONGERY(HARDW

ARE)

门、玻璃、窗及五金件

木

(

钢

)

门

wooden (steel) door

镶板门

panelled door

夹板门

plywood door

铝合金门

aluminum alloy door

卷帘门

roller shutter door

弹簧门

swing door

推拉门

sliding door

平开门

side-hung door

折叠门

folding door

旋转门

revolving door

玻璃门

glazed door

密闭门

air-Tight door

保温门

thermal insulating door

镀

锌

铁

丝

网

门

galvanized

steel

wire

mesh door

防火门

fire door

大门上的

)

小门

wicket

门框

door frame

门扇

door leaf

门洞

door opening

结构开洞

structural opening

单扇门

single door

双扇门

double door

疏散门

emergency door

纱门

screen door

门槛

door sill

门过梁

door lintel

上冒头

top rail

下冒头

bottom rail

门边木

stile

门樘侧料

side jumb

槽口

notch

木窗

wooden window

钢窗

steel window

铝合金窗

aluminum alloy window

百叶窗

(

通风为主

)

sun-bind,

louver

(louver, shutter, blind)

塑钢窗

plastic steel window

空腹钢窗

hollow steel window

固定窗

fixed window

平开窗

side-hung window

推拉窗

sliding window

气窗

transom

上悬窗

top-hung window

中悬窗

center- pivoted window

下悬窗

hopper window

活动百叶窗

adjustable louver

天窗

skylight

老虎窗

dormer window

密封双层玻璃

sealed double glazing

钢筋

混

凝土

过梁

reinforced

concrete

lintel

钢筋砖过梁

reinforced brick lintel

窗扇

casement sash

窗台

window sill

窗台板

window board

窗中梃

mullion

窗横木

mutin

窗边木

stile

压缝条

cover mould

窗帘盒

curtain box

合页

(

铰链

) hinge (butts)

转轴

pivot

长脚铰链

parliament hinge

闭门器

door closer

地弹簧

floor closer

插销

bolt

门锁

door lock

拉手

pull

链条

chain

门钩

door hanger

碰球

ball latch

窗钩

window catch

暗插销

insert bolt

电动开关器

electric opener

平板玻璃

plate glass

夹丝玻璃

wire glass

透明玻璃

clear glass

毛玻璃

(

磨砂玻璃

)

ground

glass

(frosted

glass)

防弹玻璃

bullet-proof glass

石英玻璃

quartz glass

吸热玻璃

heat absorbing glass

磨光玻璃

polished glass

着色玻璃

pigmented glass

玻璃瓦

glass tile

玻璃砖

glass block

有机玻璃

organic glass

I.

STAIRCASE,

LANDING

&

LIFT

(ELEVATOR)

楼梯、休息平台及电梯

楼梯

stair

楼梯间

staircase

疏散梯

emergency stair

旋转梯

spiral stair (circular stair)

吊车梯

crane ladder

直爬梯

vertical ladder

踏步

step

扇形踏步

winder (wheel step)

踏步板

tread

档步板

riser

踏步宽度

tread width

防滑条

non-slip insert (strips)

栏杆

railing (balustrade)

平台栏杆

platform railing

吊装孔栏杆

railing

around

mounting

hole

扶手

handrail

梯段高度

height of flight

防护梯笼

protecting cage (safety cage)

平台

landing (platform)

操作平台

operating platform

装

卸

平

台

platform

for

loading

&

unloading

楼梯平台

stair landing

客梯

passenger lift

货梯

goods lift

客

/

货两用梯

goods/passenger lift

液压电梯

hydraulic lift

自动扶梯

escalator

观光电梯

observation elevator

电梯机房

lift mortar room

电梯坑

lift pit

电梯井道

lift shaft

j.

BUILDING

MATERIAL

WORDS

AND PHRASES

建筑材料词汇及短语

• Bricks and Tiles

砖和瓦

红砖

red brick

粘土砖

clay brick

瓷砖

glazed brick (ceramic tile)

防火砖

fire brick

空心砖

hollow brick

面砖

facing brick

地板砖

flooring tile

缸砖

clinkery brick

马赛克

mosaic

陶粒混凝土

ceramsite concrete

琉璃瓦

glazed tile

脊瓦

ridge tile

石棉瓦

asbestos tile (shingle)

波形石棉水泥瓦

corrugated

asbestos

cement sheet

• Lime, Sand and Stone

灰、

砂和石

石膏

gypsum

大理石

marble

汉白玉

white marble

花岗岩

granite

碎石

crushed stone

毛石

rubble

蛭石

vermiculite

珍珠岩

pearlite

水磨石

terrazzo

卵石

cobble

砾石

gravel

粗砂

course sand

中砂

medium sand

细砂

fine sand

Cement, Mortar and Concrete

水泥、砂浆和混凝土

波特兰水泥

(

普通硅酸盐水泥

)

Portland cement

硅酸盐水泥

silicate cement

火山灰水泥

pozzolana cement

白水泥

white cement

水泥砂浆

cement mortar

石灰砂浆

lime mortar

水

泥

石

灰

砂

浆

(

混

合

砂

浆

)

cement-lime

mortar

保温砂浆

thermal mortar

防水砂浆

water-proof mortar

耐酸砂浆

acid- resistant mortar

耐碱砂浆

alkaline- resistant mortar

沥青砂浆

bituminous mortar

纸筋灰

paper strip mixed lime mortar

麻刀灰

hemp cut lime mortar

灰缝

mortar joint

素混凝土

plain concrete

钢筋混凝土

reinforced concrete

轻质混凝土

lightweight concrete

细石混凝土

fine aggregate concrete

沥青混凝土

asphalt concrete

泡沫混凝土

foamed concrete

炉渣混凝土

cinder concrete

Facing And Plastering Materials

饰面及

粉刷材料

水刷石

granitic plaster

斩假石

artificial stone

刷浆

lime wash

可赛银

casein

大白浆

white wash

麻刀灰打底

hemp cuts and lime as base

喷大白浆两道

sprayed twice with white wash

分格抹水泥砂浆

cement

mortar

plaster

sectioned

板条抹灰

lath and plaster

Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos

沥青和石棉

沥青卷材

asphalt felt

沥青填料

asphalt filler

沥青胶泥

asphalt grout

冷底子油

adhesive bitumen primer

沥青玛啼脂

asphaltic mastic

沥青麻丝

bitumastic oakum

石棉板

asbestos sheet

石棉纤维

asbestos fiber

Timber

木材

裂缝

crack

透裂

split

环裂

shake

干缩

shrinkage

翘曲

warping

原木

log

圆木

round timber

方木

square timber

板材

plank

木条

batten

板条

lath

木板

board

红松

red pine

白松

white pine

落叶松

deciduous pine

云杉

spruce

柏木

cypress

白杨

white poplar

桦木

birch

冷杉

fir

栎木

oak

榴木

willow

榆木

elm

杉木

cedar

柚木

teak

樟木

camphor wood

防腐处理的木材

preservative-treated lumber

胶合板

plywood

三

(

五

)

合板

3(5)-plywood

企口板

tongued and grooved board

层夹板

laminated plank

胶合层夹木材

glue-laminated lumber

纤维板

fiber-board

竹子

bamboo

Metallic Materials

金属材料

黑色金属

ferrous metal

圆钢

steelbBar

方钢

square steel

扁钢

steel atrap

型钢

steel section (shape)

槽钢

channel

角钢

angle steel

等边角钢

equal-leg angle

不等边角钢

unequal-leg angle

工字钢

I-beam

宽翼缘工字钢

wide flange I-beam

丁

(

之

)

字钢

T-bar (Z-bar)

冷弯薄壁型钢

light

gauge

cold-formed

steel shape

热轧

hot-rolled

冷轧

cold-rolled

冷拉

cold-drawn

冷压

cold-pressed

合金钢

alloy steel

钛合金

titanium alloy

不锈钢

stainless steel

竹节钢筋

corrugated steel bar

变形钢筋

deformed bar

光圆钢筋

plain round bar

钢板

steel plate

薄钢板

thin steel plate

低碳钢

low carbon steel

冷弯

cold bending

钢管

steel pipe (tube)

无缝钢管

seamless steel pipe

焊接钢管

welded steel pipe

黑铁管

iron pipe

镀锌钢管

galvanized steel pipe

铸铁

cast iron

生铁

pig iron

熟铁

wrought iron

镀锌铁皮

galvanized steel sheet

镀锌铁丝

galvanized steel wire

钢丝网

steel wire mesh

多孔金属网

expanded metal

锰钢

managanese steel

高强度合金钢

high strength alloy steel

Non- Ferrous Metal

有色金属

金

gold

白金

platinum

铜

copper

黄铜

brass

青铜

bronze

银

silver

铝

aluminum

铅

lead

Anti- Corrosion Materials

防腐蚀材料

聚乙烯

polythene, polyethylene

尼龙

nylon

聚氯乙烯

PVC (polyvinyl chloride)

聚碳酸酯

polycarbonate

聚苯乙烯

polystyrene

丙烯酸树酯

acrylic resin

乙烯基酯

vinyl ester

橡胶内衬

rubber lining

氯丁橡胶

neoprene

沥青漆

bitumen paint

环氧树脂漆

epoxy resin paint

氧化锌底漆

zinc oxide primer

防锈漆

anti-rust paint

耐酸漆

acid- resistant paint

耐碱漆

alkali- resistant paint

水玻璃

sodium silicate

树脂砂浆

resin-bonded mortar

环氧树脂

epoxy resin

Building Hardware

建筑五金

钉子

nails

螺纹屋面钉

spiral-threaded roofing nail

环

纹

石

膏

板

钉

annular-ring

gypsum

board nail

螺丝

screws

平头螺丝

flat-head screw

螺栓

bolt

普通螺栓

commercial bolt

高强螺栓

high strength bolt

预埋螺栓

insert bolt

胀锚螺栓

cinch bolt

垫片

washer

• Paint

油漆

底漆

primer

防锈底漆

rust- inhibitive primer

防腐漆

anti- corrosion paint

调和漆

mixed paint

无光漆

flat paint

透明漆

varnish

银粉漆

aluminum paint

磁漆

enamel paint

干性油

drying oil

稀释剂

thinner

焦油

tar

沥青漆

asphalt paint

桐油

tung oil, Chinese wood oil

红丹

red lead

铅油

lead oil

腻子

putty

k.

OTHER

ARCHITECTURAL

TERMS

其它建筑术语

• Discipline

专业

建筑

architecture

土木

civil

给排水

water supply and drainage

总图

plot plan

采暖通风

H.V

.A.C (heating

、

ventilation

and air conditioning)

电力供应

electric power supply

电气照明

electric lighting

电讯

telecommunication

仪表

instrument

热力供应

heat power supply

动力

mechanical power

工艺

process technology

管道

piping

•

Conventional

Terms

一般

通用名词

建筑原理

architectonics

建筑形式

architectural style

民用建筑

civil architecture

城市建筑

urban architecture

农村建筑

rural architecture

农业建筑

farm building

工业建筑

industrial building

重工业的

heavy industrial

轻工业的

light industrial

古代建筑

ancient architecture

现代建筑

modern architecture

标准化建筑

standardized buildings

附属建筑

auxiliary buildings

城市规划

city planning

厂区内

within site

厂区外

offsite

封闭式

closed type

开敞式

open type

半开敞式

semi-open type

模数制

modular system

单位造价

unit cost

概算

preliminary estimate

承包商

constructor, contractor

现场

site

扩建

extension

改建

reconstruction

防火

fire- prevention

防震

aseismatic, quake-proof

防腐

anti-corrosion

防潮

dump-proof

防水

water-proof

防尘

dust-proof

防锈

rust-proof

车流量

traffic volume

货流量

freight traffic volume

人流量

pedestrian volume

透视图

perspective drawing

建

筑

模

型

building

model

•

Architectural Physics

建筑物理

照明

illumination

照度

degree of illumination

亮度

brightness

日照

sunshine

天然采光

natural lighting

光强

light intensity

侧光

side light

顶光

top light

眩光

glaze

方位角

azimuth

辐射

radiation

对流

convection

传导

conduction

遮阳

sun-shade

保温

thermal insulation

恒温

constant temperature

恒湿

constant humidity

噪音

noise

隔音

sound-proof

吸音

sound absorption

露点

dew point

隔

汽

vapor-proof

Name

Of

Professional role

职务名称

项目经理

project manager (PM)

设计经理

design manager

首席建筑师

principal architect

总工程师

chief engineer

土木工程师

civil engineer

工艺工程师

process engineer

电气工程师

electrical engineer

机械工程师

mechanical engineer