建筑常用英文词汇

A

design basis

设计依据

计划建议书

planning proposals

设计任务书

design order

标准规范

standards and codes

条件图

information drawing

设计基础资料

basic data for design

工艺流程图

process flowchart

工程地质资料

engineering geological data

原始资料

original data

设计进度

schedule of design

B

stage of design

设计阶段

方案

scheme, draft

草图

sketch

会谈纪要

summary of discussion

谈判

negotiation

可行性研究

feasibility study

初步设计

preliminary design

基础设计

basic design

详细设计

detail design

询价图

enquiry drawing

施工图

working drawing, construction drawing

竣工图

as built drawing

C

climate condition

气象条件

日照

sunshine

风玫瑰

wind rose

主导风向

prevailing wind direction

最大

(

平均< /p>

)

风速

maximum (mean) wind velocity

风荷载

wind load

最大

(

平均

)

降雨量

maximum (mean) rainfall

雷击及闪电

thunder and lightning

飓风

hurricane

台风

typhoon

旋风

cyclone

降雨强度

rainfall intensity

年降雨量

annual rainfall

湿球温度

wet bulb temperature

干球温度

dry bulb temperature

冰冻期

frost period

冰冻线

frost line

冰冻区

frost zone

室外计算温度

calculating outdoor temperature

采暖地区

region with heating provision

不采暖地区

region without heating provision

绝对大气压

absolute atmospheric pressure

相对湿度

relative humidity

D

general room name

常用房间名称

办公室

office

服务用房

service room

换班室

shift room

休息室

rest room (break room)

起居室

living room

浴室

bathroom

淋浴间

shower

更衣室

locker room

厕所

lavatory

门厅

lobby

诊室

clinic

工作间

workshop

电气开关室

switchroom

走廊

corridor

档案室

archive

电梯机房

lift motor room

车库

garage

清洁间

cleaning room

会议室

(

正式

) conference room

会议室

meeting room

衣柜间

ward robe

暖风间

h.v.a.c room

饭店

restaurant

餐厅

canteen, dining room

厨房

kitchen

入口

entrance

接待处

reception area

会计室

accountant room

秘书室

secretary room

电气室

electrical room

控制室

control room

工长室

foreman office

开关柜室

switch gear

前室

antecabinet (ante.)

生产区

production area

马达控制中心

mcc

多功能用房

utility room

化验室

laboratory room

经理室

manager room

披屋

(

阁楼

) penthouse

警卫室

guard house

E

roofing and ceiling

屋面及天棚

女儿墙

parapet

雨蓬

canopy

屋脊

roof ridge

坡度

slope

坡跨比

pitch

分水线

water-shed

二毡三油

2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic

附加油毡一层

extra ply of felt

檐口

eave

挑檐

overhanging eave

檐沟

eave gutter

平屋面

flat roof

坡屋面

pitched roof

雨水管

downspout, rain water pipe)(r.w.p)

汇水面积

catchment area

泛水

flashing

内排水

interior drainage

外排水

exterior drainage

滴水

drip

屋面排水

roof drainage

找平层

leveling course

卷材屋面

built-up roofing

天棚

ceiling

檩条

purlin

屋面板

roofing board

天花板

ceiling board

防水层

water-proof course

检查孔

inspection hole

人孔

manhole

吊顶

suspended ceiling, false ceiling

檐板

(

窗帘盒

) cornice

F

wall (cladding)

墙体

(< /p>

外墙板

)

砖墙

b rick wall

砌块墙

block wall

清水砖墙

brick wall without plastering

抹灰墙

rendered wall

石膏板墙

gypsum board, plaster board

空心砖墙

hollow brick wall

承重墙

bearing wall

非承重墙

non-bearing wall

纵墙

longitudinal wall

横墙

transverse wall

外墙

external (exterior) wall

内墙

internal (interior) wall

填充墙

filler wall

防火墙

fire wall

窗间墙

wall between window

空心墙

cavity wall

压顶

coping

圈梁

gird, girt, girth

玻璃隔断

glazed wall

防潮层

damp-proof course (d.p.c)

遮阳板

sunshade

阳台

balcony

伸缩缝

expansion joint

沉降缝

settlement joint

抗震缝

seismic joint

复合夹心板

sandwich board

压型单板

corrugated single steel plate

外墙板

cladding panel

复合板

composite panel

轻质隔断

light-weight partition

牛腿

bracket

砖烟囱

brick chimney

勒脚

(

基座

) plinth

G

floor and trench

地面及地沟

地坪

grade

地面和楼面

ground and floor

素土夯实

rammed earth

炉渣夯实

tamped cinder

填土

filled earth

回填土夯实

tamped backfill

垫层

bedding course, blinding

面层

covering, finish

结合层

bonding (binding) course

找平层

leveling course

素水泥浆结合层

neat cement binding course

混凝土地面

concrete floor

水泥地面

cement floor

机器磨平混凝土地面

machine trowelled concrete floor

水磨石地面

terrazzo flooring

马赛克地面

mosaic flooring

瓷砖地面

ceramic tile flooring

油地毡地面

linoleum flooring

预制水磨石地面

precast terrazzo flooring

硬木花地面

hard-wood parquet flooring

搁栅

joist

硬木毛地面

hard-wood rough flooring

企口板地面

tongued and grooved flooring

防酸地面

acid- resistant floor

钢筋混凝土楼板

reinforced concrete slab (r.c slab)

乙烯基地面

vinyl flooring

水磨石嵌条

divider strip for terrazzo

地面做

2

％坡

floor with 2% slope

集水沟

gully

集水口

gulley

排水沟

drainage trench

沟盖板

trench cover

活动盖板

removable cover plate

集水坑

sump pit

孔翻边

hole up stand

电缆沟

cable trench

H

doors,glass,windows & ironmongery(hardware)

门、玻璃、窗及五金件

(

钢

)

门

wooden (steel) door

镶板门

panelled door

夹板门

plywood door

铝合金门

aluminum alloy door

卷帘门

roller shutter door

弹簧门

swing door

推拉门

sliding door

平开门

side-hung door

折叠门

folding door

旋转门

revolving door

玻璃门

glazed door

密闭门

air-tight door

保温门

thermal insulating door

镀锌铁丝网门

galvanized steel wire mesh door

防火门

fire door

(

大门上的

)

小门< /p>

wicket

门框

door frame

门扇

door leaf

门洞

door opening

结构开洞

structural opening

单扇门

single door

双扇门

double door

疏散门

emergency door

纱门

screen door

门槛

door sill

门过梁

door lintel

上冒头

top rail

下冒头

bottom rail

门边木

stile

门樘侧料

side jumb

槽口

notch

木窗

wooden window

钢窗

steel window

铝合金窗

aluminum alloy window < /p>

百叶窗

(

通风为主

) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)

塑钢窗

plastic steel window

空腹钢窗

hollow steel window

固定窗

fixed window

平开窗

side-hung window

推拉窗

sliding window

气窗

transom

上悬窗

top-hung window

中悬窗

center-pivoted window

下悬窗

hopper window

活动百叶窗

adjustable louver

天窗

skylight

老虎窗

dormer window

密封双层玻璃

sealed double glazing

钢筋混凝土过梁

reinforced concrete lintel

钢筋砖过梁

reinforced brick lintel

窗扇

casement sash

窗台

window sill

窗台板

window board

窗中梃

mullion

窗横木

mutin

窗边木

stile

压缝条

cover mould

窗帘盒

curtain box

合页

(

铰链

) hinge (butts)

转轴

pivot

长脚铰链

parliament hinge

闭门器

door closer

地弹簧

floor closer

插销

bolt

门锁

door lock

拉手

pull

链条

chain

门钩

door hanger

碰球

ball latch

窗钩

window catch

暗插销

insert bolt

电动开关器

electric opener

平板玻璃

plate glass

夹丝玻璃

wire glass

透明玻璃

clear glass

毛玻璃

(

磨砂玻璃

) ground glass (frosted glass)

防弹玻璃

bullet-proof glass

石英玻璃

quartz glass

吸热玻璃

heat absorbing glass

磨光玻璃

polished glass

着色玻璃

pigmented glass

玻璃瓦

glass tile

玻璃砖

glass block

有机玻璃

organic glass

I

staircase, landing & lift (elevator)

楼梯、休息平台及电梯

楼梯

stair

楼梯间

staircase

疏散梯

emergency stair

旋转梯

spiral stair (circular stair)

吊车梯

crane ladder

直爬梯

vertical ladder

踏步

step

扇形踏步

winder (wheel step)

踏步板

tread

档步板

riser

踏步宽度

tread width

防滑条

non-slip insert (strips)

栏杆

railing (balustrade)

平台栏杆

platform railing

吊装孔栏杆

railing around mounting hole

扶手

handrail

梯段高度

height of flight

防护梯笼

protecting cage (safety cage)

平台

landing (platform)

操作平台

operating platform

装卸平台

platform for loading & unloading

楼梯平台

stair landing

客梯

passenger lift

货梯

goods lift

客

/

货两用梯

goods/passenge r lift

液压电梯

hydraulic lift

自动扶梯

escalator

观光电梯

observation elevator

电梯机房

lift mortar room

电梯坑

lift pit

电梯井道

lift shaft

J

building material words and phrases

建筑材料词汇及短语

bricks and tiles

砖和瓦

红砖

red brick

粘土砖

clay brick

瓷砖

glazed brick (ceramic tile)

防火砖

fire brick

空心砖

hollow brick

面砖

facing brick

地板砖

flooring tile

缸砖

clinkery brick

马赛克

mosaic

陶粒混凝土

ceramsite concrete

琉璃瓦

glazed tile

脊瓦

ridge tile

石棉瓦

asbestos tile (shingle)

波形石棉水泥瓦

corrugated asbestos cement sheet

lime, sand and stone

灰、砂和石

石膏

gypsum

大理石

marble

汉白玉

white marble

花岗岩

granite

碎石

crushed stone

毛石

rubble

蛭石

vermiculite

珍珠岩

pearlite

水磨石

terrazzo

卵石

cobble

砾石

gravel

粗砂

course sand

中砂

medium sand

细砂

fine sand

cement, mortar and concrete

水泥、砂浆和混凝土

波特兰水泥

(

普通硅酸盐水泥

) portland cement

硅酸盐水泥

silicate cement

火山灰水泥

pozzolana cement

白水泥

white cement

水泥砂浆

cement mortar

石灰砂浆

lime mortar

水泥石灰砂浆

(

混合砂浆

) cement-lime mortar

保温砂浆

thermal mortar

防水砂浆

water-proof mortar

耐酸砂浆

acid-resistant mortar

耐碱砂浆

alkaline-resistant mortar

沥青砂浆

bituminous mortar

纸筋灰

paper strip mixed lime mortar

麻刀灰

hemp cut lime mortar