关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

(完整版)介词的用法大全

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-16 18:39
tags:

-

2021年2月16日发(作者:世界末日英文)


介词的用法




.


表示时间日期的介词



1




at< /p>


:主要表示方向、场所、时间的某一点



at the corner of the street



at dinner



at sixty miles an hour



be sold at three yuan a dozen



come at us


固定搭配:



at one time



at the beginning of



at the post office



at the airport




at the weekend



at the age of


25



at the same time




at present



at any time

,表示原因,表示




/



……



< p>



at the news


at


主要表示时间点




表示特定的时间



at night a.m.


在九点钟




表示不确定的时间



at night, at that time, at Christmas


在圣


诞期间



当天



on



表示年龄段



at the age of eight



8




2




in< /p>


:表示场所、时间与期限、状况、方向。主要用来表示较长的时间单位,如月份、季节、年 份等



in the 1990s in the late 19th century


形成


“in+

时段名词



的词组或固定搭配



in those days



in the daytime



in a short while



in no time



in time


.in


主要表示时间段




一般指相对较长的时间段里



in the morning, in spring, in the past ten years





时间之 后,用于将来时



He will be back in a month.


介词


in


在短语或句型 中的省略:



1)


某些形容词


/


过去分词后接


v-ing

< br>形式时,


v-ing


形式前的介词


in


可以省略。



be busy (in) doing be engaged (in) doing


(忙于


……




2)


某些动词如


busy

< p>
等,常与反身代词连用,其后的


in


也可以省略。



busy oneself (in) doing



3)


某些动词如

< br>spend



pass



waste


等与表示时间的名词连用,后面的介词也可以省略。



spend time (in) doing waste time (in) doing


4)



have no difficulty in doing sth.



have no trouble in doing sth.



have no business in doing sth.


等句型中介


词也可以省略。



5)


在句型


There is no use (in)doing sth.


中,介词也可省略。



固定搭配:


in the world



in (the)future



in the snow /rain / storm



in ink



in short



in public




in one’s opinion



in modern times



in surprise



in a queue



in the open air


3




on< /p>


:主要表示在上面、根据或基础、有关或涉及的方面、表示某天。



固定搭配:


on doing sth.



on the afternoon of October



on Tuesday evening



on foot



hit sb. on the head



on the right/ left



on fire



on duty



on sale



on the radio




on show



on earth



on one’s own



注意:一般带有宗教色彩的节日名词前面用

< p>
at


,如圣诞节。



一般 的节日名词前用


on




on


主要指具体某一天




表示是具体的日期和星期



on Monday, on October 1


st


,1949. on my birthday



某一天特定的上午下午或半夜



on the night of December 31,1999. on a fine day



在第几天



on her first day to school, on the tenth day I was in Beijing.


4




by< /p>


主要表示接近、时限、动作的执行者、方式。



固定搭配:


by the village




by oneself



by foot(=on foot)



by hand



learn … by heart




.


表示地点,方位的介词



5




for


主要表示目的、原因、交换值以及时间和距离的长度。



固定搭配:


make sth. for sb.




thank sb. for sth.




for example




for sale



for free





for


表示一段时间




表示一件事延续的长短


,

< p>
一般接具体的时间



I have lived in Nanjing for 2 years.


6




of< /p>


表示部分与全体的关系、所有关系、来源和所用的材料。



of


所有格表示的多种关系:



1




从属关系:


the wheel of the car


2




局部< /p>


----


整体关系:


some of the water


3




量化关系:


a cup of tea


4




描述关系:


a professor of learning


(知识丰富的教授)



5




同位关系:



the city of Beijing


6




动宾关系:


the study of the map


(研究地图)



7




主谓关系:


the determination of the workers


(工人们的决心)



固定搭配:



be fond of



make fun of



be tired of



of one’s own



instead of





7




to


主要表示方向、程度、结果、关系和位置。



固定搭配


to one’s surprise / joy/ astonishment



to the east of



key to…



come up to



add up to



be open to the


public




thanks to




stick to



refer to



表示一段时间






期间内 ,强调在此期间内发生了什么事


y




I studied in this university for 4 years, during that time most of my time was spent in learning English.



可接表示时间延续一段时间的名词



during my visit to China, during my holiday




to, till


连用




Most people work from nine to five.


多数人过着朝九晚五的生活





since+


时间点



从那一刻起,与现在完成与过去完成时连用




He has been here since last Sunday.


自从上星期天起,她就在这里



四、



容易错、常考的介词及搭配



1




be made of



be made from



be made into



be made in


2




call on = visit



call for = go and pick up


3




on business


(出差)


/ strike


()罢工



/ duty


(值日)



/ holiday / fire / vacation / watch


(警戒)



/ sale


(出售)



/ leave


(请假)



/ guard


(警戒)



4




have some trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.



have a habit / idea / plan of doing sth.


5




A is pleased to B



B is pleased with A


(对


……


感到满意)



7




with the help of



under the leadership of


8




by means of


(使用)



by way of


(经由)



by heart


(记住)



by the way


9




out of question


(毫无疑问)



out of the question


(毫不可能)



10




prevent / stop / keep sb. from doing sth.


11




be thankful to sb. for sth.


12




steal sth. from sb.



rob sb. of sth.


13




insist on doing sth.



persist in doing sth.



stick to



go on doing sth.


14




set about doing sth.



set out to do sth.


15




look sb. in the face



hit sb. on the face



lead the cow by the nose


16




do a favour for sb. = do sb. a favour


五、



介词的惯用型



1




above all


(首先)



after all



at all


(全然)



in all


2




day after day



year after year



one after one



one after another


3




at peace


(和平)



at war


(战争)



at times


(时常)



at dinner


4




by oneself



by all means


(尽一切办法、务必)



b y chance



by accident




by no means


(决不、并没有)



by means of


(用、依靠)




by the way


5




in her teens


(十几岁)



in pain



in danger



in need


6




to one’s joy / sorrow / surprise



7




with care


(仔细地)



with joy / pleasure


(高兴地)


< br>with one’s help




with the best wishes


(致以我们良好的 祝愿)



without difficulty


(毫不困难地)



without excepti on


(毫不例


外)


< br>without delay


(立即、马上)



8




according to


(依据)



along with


(和


……


一起)



as to


(至于


……

< p>



because of



except for


(除


……


之外)



in stead of


(代替)



9




out of order


(不正常)



out of date



out of trouble


(脱离困境)



out of sight




out of debt


(还清了债务)



out of touch


(没有联系)



10




at the bottom of



at the centre of



at the end of



at the top of




at the cost o f


(以


……


为代价)

< br>at the sight of



at the thought of



at a speed of


11




in memory of


(纪念)



in favour of


(同意)



in the habit of


(有


……


习 惯)



in touch with


( 与


……



持联系)


on the left of



on the eve of


( 在


……


前夕)



12




from time to time


(不时地)




from day to day


(天天)




from hand to hand


(一个传一个)



from side


to side


(左右地)



from car to car


(一个车厢一个车厢地)



from bad to worse


(越来越差)



from beginning


to end



从头到尾)



from hand to mouth



仅能糊口)



fro m head to foot



from start to finish



from one to another < /p>



.


掌握方式、手段、工具的表达方法< /p>



1



in +


文字、语言、材料名词



in English (ink, pencil, capital letters) write in pen,


用钢笔写



speak in a low voice


小声说话



2




with +


工具、机器;人体器官;情绪、情感、态度的名词



with a branch, with one’s nose, with pride, with satisfaction,



with the help of, with one’s permission




We can see with our eyes and write with our hands.




I killed a fly with a fly flap.


我用苍蝇拍打死了一只苍蝇



3




by


表示泛指的方式、手段



by bus, by land, by means of


(用


… …


方法)


, by way of


(经由)



, by doing sth.,


by hand


(手工)


, by post



由邮局传递)


, by letter


(用写信的方式)


, by electricity, by hard work, by the year,


by the hour



by + the +


单位名词)




……



4




其它表示方式(情况、状况、手段)的表示法



through the radio / by radio / on the radio, through / by / from practice,


by telephone (on the telephone), on foot, on the train, in satisfaction, in surprise, in silence, in a low voice, in


comfort, in sorrow, in high / good / poor spirits,


in anger, in safety, in debt, in good order, in good / poor health, in tears,


in use, in pain,


七、



注意:某些名词和介词的固定搭配



1




要求< /p>


to



key, answer, visit, apology, introduction


to


为中心构成短语的归纳



belong to, come to


(苏醒)


, look forward to, lead to, stick to, refer to, turn to, drink to


(为


……


干杯)


, object


to


(反对)


, reply to the letter, help oneself to, sing / dance to the music


(和着


……



……


声中唱


/


跳)


, devote


oneself to


2




要求< /p>


in



interest, satisfaction


3


)以


f or


为中心构成短语的归纳



ask for, call for


(去接某人)


, care for


(关心)


, go in for


(从事)


, answer for

(对


……


负责)


, send for, pay


for, praise sb. for


(赞扬某人某事)


, head for


(向


……


方向移动)


, search for, take … for …


(误以为)


, leave


for, prepare for


(为


……


准备)


, thank sb. for, make a dive for


(向


……


猛冲)


, make up for


(弥补


… …


损失)



4


)以


on


为中心构成短语的归纳



come on


来吧


, call on


拜访


, pass on


传递


, carry on


进行下去


, live on sth.

< br>靠


……


生活


, depend on


依靠


, have on


穿着


, have pity on


同情


, look on … as …

< br>把


……


看作


, push on


推动


, spy on


窥探


, switch / turn on


旋开


, wait


on


服侍


, walk on


继续走


, spend…on …



……


上花费时间、金钱


, operate on



……


动手术< /p>


, take on a new


look


呈现新面貌



八、



某些形容词和介词的固定搭配



1




be afraid of


担心



be afraid for



……


而担心< /p>



2




be angry about / at sth.



……


而生气



be angry with sb.



……


某人发怒



3




be anxious for sth.


渴望



be anxious about sth. / sb.


担心



4




be different from



……


不同



be indifferent to … ……


不关心



5




be good at …


擅长



be good for …



……


有益



be good of sb. to do sth.


友好



6




be strict with sb.



……


严格



be strict in sth.


7




be popular with sb.


受到


……

< br>欢迎



be popular in some place


流行在



……be popular for



……


而流行



8




be pleased with + n.



what


从句;


be pleased at +


抽象名词



听、看到而高兴



9




be disappointed at sth.



be disappointed with sb.



……


失望



10




be known to sb.



be known with + n.


或从句




be known for



……


而著名



11




be absent from


缺席



12




be devoted to …


献身于


……



13




be open to …



……


开放



14




be poor / clever / expert at …



15




be sorry for …



/



……


后悔



16




be rich in … be interested in …



17




be proud of (take pride in)


18




be satisfied with / by … be sure of / about …



19




be fond of, be fit for, be busy with sth. (in doing sth.)


20




be late for, be ready for


21




be similar to …



be wrong with …



九、吊尾介词



1




某些形 容词后接不及物动词或


“V+




型短语动词的不定式形式表



反射



,常用吊尾介词。



A) fit, easy, hard, good, difficult, comfortable, heavy


等形容后,常用吊尾介词。



e.g. The girl is easy to get along with.


B) be worth doing, be worthy of being done, be worthy to be done, want / require / need doing


表反射,


常用吊


尾介词。



e.g. The problem is worth dealing with.


The book is worthy of being referred to.


2




不及物 动词的不定式修饰表



涉及对象、场所、工具、手段、方式、材 料等



意义的名词时常带吊尾


介词。< /p>



e.g. There is nothing for us to worry about. a room to live in


3




定语从 句中,先行词被一个不及物动词所修饰,则不及物动词后要带介词,先行词被


“V+




组成的


短语动 词所修饰,介词常在句尾。



e.g. He is the very man I just spoke to. This is the life he is used to.


4



< p>


what



whose



who



w hatever


等引导的宾语从句、表语从句中常出现



吊尾介词





e.g. I don’t know what you do it for.



5




强调句 型和特殊疑问句中由于被强调部分和疑问词位置变更,常出现吊尾介词。在上下文意义清楚


时,特殊疑问句常用省简结构。



e.g. It is the poor boy that we gave the books to.


What for?


(为什么?)


Where to?


(去哪儿?)


Who with?


(和谁去?)



6




被动语 态中


“V+




短语常用吊尾介词。



e.g. He was listened to come here. He has never been spoken to in this way.


十常用介词辨异



1




about, on, of


关于



on


多用于慎重的、正式的语言交际场合。常见于



学术上





论文





演说



等题目,可供专门研 究这一


问题的人阅读,有



论及



之意。



abou t


表示的内容多为普遍、不那么正式,有


述及



之意。


< br>of




关于

< br>”


讲,表示提及、涉及某人(事)时,只表示事情存在或发生,并不涉及详情;有 时与


about


意义相近,但有时意义很不同,常与动词


know



hear



learn


(听说)



speak



talk


、< /p>


think



tell

< br>等连用。



2.


at, on, in(


表时间


) : at


表 示时间的一点;


in


表示一个时期;


o n


表示特殊日子








A. at


后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如:










at five


o’clock


(五点)




at down


(黎明)



at daybreak


(天亮)



at sunrise


(日



出)


,







at noon


(中


午),


at sunset


(日落),


at midnight


(半夜),


at the beginning of the month


(月初),


at that time


(那


时),


at that moment


(那会儿),


at this time of day


(在一天的这个时候)。










B. in


后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如:








in 2006


< br>2006


年)



in May



2004



2004


年五月)



in the morning


(早晨


/


上 午)



in the afternoon


(下


午),


in the evening


(晚上),


in the night


(夜晚),


in the daytime


(白天),


in the 21st century



21


世纪),


in three days



weeks/month

< p>
)三天(周


/


个月),


i n a week


(一周),


in spring


(春季)。








C. on


后跟某日,星期几,某日的朝夕,节日等

< p>
,


即具体某一天极其早



中 、晚


.





on Sunday



< p>





on a warm morning in April














on a December night



12

< br>月的一个夜晚),


on that afternoon


(那天下午),


on the following night


(下一


个晚上),


on Christmas afternoon


(圣诞节下午),


on October 1



1949


1949



10



1


日),


on New


Year



s Day.


(


特别提示


):



last, next, this, that, some, every


等词之前一律不用介词



at, in



in


一般表示较大的地方



at


表示较小的地方





at home, at school, at the bus stop, at the doctor's




in a country, in a town, in the street,


3.


between, among(


表位置


) “



…..


之间








A.


between


仅用于二者之间 ,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也可用


between,







I’m


sitting between Tom and Alice.



The village lies between three hills.



B. among


用于三者或三者以上之间。如:






He is the best among the students.



4.




except, except for, except that, but, besides, beside


except“



……


之外



,指不包括


……


,后面常接名词、代词(人称代词常用宾格)


,还可接介词短语、副


词和动词不定式,此时相当于


but


,但不定式常不带


to




except for“


除了,只有



,意思和


except

一样,主要指说明基本情况后,而在细节上加以修正,后面常接


名词性短语。



except tha


t“


除了,只是



,意思和


exc ept



except for


一样。 但在用法上,主要指其后常接名词性从句,也


可接


when



where


等词引导的其它从句。



but


所含




……




的意思不如


except


明确。


but


多用在代词(主要是不定代词、否定代词和疑问代词)


之后。



besides


表示




……


外还 有



,所排除的事物常包括在所述范围之内。另外,

< p>
besides


可用作副词,相当于


also


,有



而且,加之,何况

< br>”


之意。



beside


也是介词,表示



在附近


,只不过形似


besides


, 容易相互混淆。



【对比】如果在区别前后有同类的词语时,就 用


except


,否则就用


excep t for




book has no blunder except a few mistakes.


This book is interesting except for a few mistakes.


(前面无同类词语)



Every one of us, except him, went to see the exhibition.



5. in the tree, on the tree



in the tree ,


指动物或人等外来的东西在树上,



on the tree ,


指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西



6. on the way, by the way, in this way



on the way


指在路上


, on one



s way to .....


by the way


指顺便问一句



in this way


用这样的方法



, in that way , in other way, in these ways


7. by bus, on the bus



by bus


是一般说法


,


固定搭配


,


on the bus


特指乘某一辆车



8. across, through, over



past


“通过


,


经过”




across


从表面经过


,



,road, bridge, river




through


从内部空间经过


,



: city, woods, forests, window, gate



past ,


从旁边经过


.


through




穿过



(


门洞


/


人群


/


树林


)


< p>



across



over


可以指



跨越



(


街道


/


河流


)



,


可互换


,


但是表示




…”


时只能用


over.


如:


Just then a rat (



)ran across the road.(


就在那时一只老鼠跑过路面


)/ There is


a bridge across/over the river.(


河上有座桥


)/ They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead


of time.(


他们翻过大山提前到达了那里


)/ The visitors went through a big gate into another park .(


参观者


们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园

)



8. on, above, over,




在…上”


, up,



A.


on


指在某物表面上

< p>
,


有接触点




a book on the table



B. over


指在某物垂直上方


,< /p>


无接触点


,


也可指覆盖在某物上


,



under


相对


under


表示在



下方



I put the

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-02-16 18:39,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/659575.html

(完整版)介词的用法大全的相关文章

  • 爱心与尊严的高中作文题库

    1.关于爱心和尊严的作文八百字 我们不必怀疑富翁的捐助,毕竟普施爱心,善莫大焉,它是一 种美;我们也不必指责苛求受捐者的冷漠的拒绝,因为人总是有尊 严的,这也是一种美。

    小学作文
  • 爱心与尊严高中作文题库

    1.关于爱心和尊严的作文八百字 我们不必怀疑富翁的捐助,毕竟普施爱心,善莫大焉,它是一 种美;我们也不必指责苛求受捐者的冷漠的拒绝,因为人总是有尊 严的,这也是一种美。

    小学作文
  • 爱心与尊重的作文题库

    1.作文关爱与尊重议论文 如果说没有爱就没有教育的话,那么离开了尊重同样也谈不上教育。 因为每一位孩子都渴望得到他人的尊重,尤其是教师的尊重。可是在现实生活中,不时会有

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任100字作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任心的作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文
  • 爱心责任作文题库

    1.有关爱心,坚持,责任的作文题库各三个 一则150字左右 (要事例) “胜不骄,败不馁”这句话我常听外婆说起。 这句名言的意思是说胜利了抄不骄傲,失败了不气馁。我真正体会到它

    小学作文