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Chapter 5 Word Meaning
(
练习
4)
I. Each of the statements below is
followed by four alternative answers.
Choose the one that would best complete
the statement.
C 1. A word is the
combination of form and ________.
A.
spelling
B. writing
C. meaning
D. denoting
2.
B_____is the
result of human cognition, reflecting the
objective world
in the human mind.
A. Reference
B. Concept
C. Sense
D. Context
3.
Sense denotes
the relationships ____D_the language.
A. outside
B. with
C. beyond
D. inside
4.
Most English words can be said to be __A_____.
A. non-
motivated
B. motivated
C. connected
D. related
5.
Trumpet
is
a(n) ____C___motivated word.
A.
morphologically
B.
semantically
C.
onomatopoeically
D.
etymologically
6.
Hopeless
is a ____A__motivated word.
A.
morphologically
B.
onomatopoeically
C.
semantically
D.
etymologically
7.
In
the
sentence
‘
He
is
fond
of
pen
’
,
pen
is
a
_C_____
motivated
word.
A.
morphologically
B.
onomatopoeically
C.
semantically
D.
etymologically
8.
Walkman is a ___D___motivated word.
A.
onomatopoeically
B.
morphologically
C.
semantically
D. etymologically
9.
Functional
words possess strong __A___ whereas content words
have
both meanings, and lexical meaning
in particular.
A. grammatical meaning
B. conceptual meaning
C. associative
meaning
D.
arbitrary meaning
10.____B___is
unstable,
varying
considerably
according
to
culture,
historical period,
and the experience of the individual.
A.
Stylistic
meaning
B. Connotative
meaning
C. Collocative
meaning
D. Affective
meaning
ive
meaning
indicates
the
speaker
’
s
__C_____towards
the
person or thing in question.
A. feeling
B. liking
C.
attitude
D. understanding
12. _B_____
are affective words as they are expressions of
emotions such
as
oh, dear
me, alas
.
A. Prepositions
B.
Interjections
C.
Exclamations
D.
Explanations
13.
It
is
noticeable
that
D_______overlaps
with
stylistic
and
affective
meanings
because
in
a
sense
both
stylistic
and
affective
meanings
are
revealed by means of collocations.
A.
conceptual
meaning
B.
grammatical meaning
C.
lexical meaning
D.
collocative meaning
the same language,
the same concept can be expressed in ____D__.
A.
only
one
word
B.
two
words
C.
more
than
three
D.
different
words
nce is the
relationship between language and the __C____.
A.
speakers
B.
listeners
C.
world
D.
specific
country
16.
P
olysemy is
a common feature peculiar to ___C___.
A.
English
only
B.
Chinese
only
C.
all
natural
languages
D.
some natural languages
17.
F
rom the ___B___ point of
view, polysemy is assumed to be the result
of growth and development of the
semantic structure of one and same
word
.
A. linguistic
B. diachronic
C. synchronic
D. traditional
18.
_
__A____ is a semantic
process in which the primary meaning stands
at
the
center
and
the
secondary
meanings
proceed
out
of
it
in
every
direction like rayes.
A
.Radiation
B. Concatenation
C. Derivation
D.
Inflection
19.. ____D_____ is the
semantic process in which the meaning of a word
moves
gradually
away
from
its
first
sense
by
successive
shifts
until,
in
many
cases,
there
is
not
a
sign of
connection between
the
sense
that
is
finally developed and that which the
term had at the beginning.
A. Derivation
B.
Radiation C.
Inflection
D.
Concatenation
20. One
important criterion to differentiate homonyms from
polysemants
is to see their _____C
A. spelling
B.
pronunciation
C. etymology
D.
usage
21. ___B___refer to
one of two or more words in the English language
which have the same or very nearly the
same essential meaning.
A.
Polysemants
B. Synonyms
C. Antonyms
D. Hyponyms
22.
The
sense
relation
between
the
two
words
tulip
and
flower
is
___A____.
A.
hyponymy
B.
synonymy
C. polysemy
D. antonymy
23.
_____B____
are
words
identical
only
in
spelling
but
different
in
sound and meaning, e.g.
bow
/bau/;
bow
/beu/.
A.
Homophones
B. Homographs
C. Perfect homonyms D.
Antonyms
24. The antonyms:
male
and
female
are __A____.
A.
contradictory
terms
B.
contrary
terms
C.
relative
terms
D.
connected terms
25. The antonyms
big
and
small
are ___B___.
A.
contradictory
terms
B.
contrary
terms
C.
relative
terms
D.
connected terms
26. The
antonyms
husband
and
wife
are _____C_.
A.
contradictory
terms
B.
contrary
terms
C.
relative
terms
D.
connected
terms
27
. Composition
and
compounding
in lexicology are words of A__.
A. absolute synonyms
B. relative synonyms
C. relative antonyms
D. contrary antonyms
28. As homonyms are identical in sound
or spelling, particularly __B____,
they
are often employed in a conversation to create
puns for desired effect
of humor,
sarcasm or ridicule.
A.
homographs
B.
homophones
C.
absolute
homonyms
D.
antonyms
29.
F
rom the diachronic point of
view, when the word was created, it was
endowed
with
only
one
meaning
.
The
first
meaning
is
called
__A____.
A.
primary
meaning
B.
derived
meaning
C.
central
meaning
D.
basic meaning
30.
S
ynchronically,
the
basic
meaning
of
a
word
is
the
core
of
word-meaning
called____C___.
A.
primary
meaning
B.
derived
meaning
C.
central
meaning
D.
secondary meaning
II. Complete the following
statements with proper words or expressions
according to the course book.
1.
In
modern
English one
may
find some
words
whose sounds
suggest
their ______
2.
Compounds and
derived words are ______ words and the meanings of