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外贸英文函电知识点汇总
题型：
1
英译中
十题
十分
2
中译英
十题
十分
3
翻译句子
五题
三十分
4
翻译一封信
三十分
5
写一封信
二十分
注意第四、五道大题的格式
Business relationship
业务关系
Fair
交易会
博览会
Chamber of
commerce
商会
Lines of business
业务范围
经营范围
Specifications
规格
Partpartial
shipment
分批装运
Endorsement
背书
INCOTERMS
要考缩略词
先还原完整英语，再翻译成中文
EXW Ex Works
工厂交货
CIF cost
insurance and freight
成本，保险费用和运费
FOB
free on board
装运港船上交货
CFR cost and freight
成本加运费
CIP
carriage and insurance paid to
…
运费保险费付至…
CPT
carriage paid to
运费付至
（以上相对更重要）
DAF
delivered at frontier
边境交货
DDP
delivered duty paid
完税后交货
DDU
delivered duty unpaid
未完税后交货
DEQ
delivered ex quay
目的港码头交货
DES
delivered ex ship
目的港船上交货
FAS
free alongside ship
船边交货
FCA free
carrier
货交承运人
（自己补充的）
Commercial invoice
商业发票
S/C sales contract
销售合同
Purchase
contract
购货合同
To accept an order
接受订
单
/
订货
Inquiry
询盘
Offer/ to make an offer(quotation)
报盘
报价
offer sheet
counter-offer
还盘
还价
acceptance of
offer
受盘
acceptance
受盘和承兑
CIC china insurance clause
中国保险条款
报盘单
1
F.P.A free from particular average
平安险
W.A / W.P.A
with particular average
水渍险
All risks
所有险
insurance
policy
；
policy of
insurance
保险单
insurance premium
；
insurance expenses
保险费
part/partial shipment
分批装运
port of
destination
目的港
port of discharge
卸货港
port of
shipment
装货港
B/L Bill of lading
提单
Transhipment
B/L =transshipment B/L
转船提单
freight
；
carriage
；
t
ransportation expenses
；
运费
transportation
documents / shipping documents
货运单证（单据）
提单的种类：
（一）按提单收货人的抬头划分
1
．记名提单（
Straight
B/L
）
2
．指示提单（
Order
B/L
）
“凭指示”
（
To order
）或“凭某人指示”
（
Order of
……）
3
．不记名提单（
< br>Bearer B/L
，
or Open
B/L
，
or Blank
B/L
）
（二）按货物是否已装船划分
1
．已装船提单（
Shipped
B/L
，
or On Board
B/L
）
2
．收货待运提单（
Received
for Shipment B/L
）
（三）按提单上有无批注划分
1
．清洁提单（
Clean
B/L
）
2
．不清洁提单（
Unclean
B/L or Foul B/L
）
（四）根据运输方式的不同划分
1
．直达提单（
Direct
B/L
）
2
．转船提单（
Transshipment
B/L
）
3
．联运提单（
Through
B/L
）
4
．多式联运提单（
MultimodaL Transport B/L or
Intermodal Transport B/L
）
（五）按提单内容的简繁划分
1
．全式提单（
Long Form
B
／
L
）
2
．简式提单（
Short Form
B
／
L
，
or
Simple
B
／
L
）
（六）按签发提单的时间划分
1
．倒签提单（
Anti-dated
B/L
）
2
．预借提单（
Advanced
B/L
）
3
．顺签提单（
post
—
dated
B/L
）
（七）按收费方式划分
1
．运费预付提单（
Freight
Prepaid B/L
）
2
．运费到付提单（
Freihgt
to Collect B/L
）
3
．最低运费提单（
Minimum
B/L
）
2
L/C letter of credit
信用证
1
、
跟单信用证和光票信用证
(Documentary/Clean
Credit)
。
2
、不可撤消信用证和可撤消信用证
(Irrevocable/Revocab
le L/C)
。
3
、保兑信用证和不保兑信用证
(Confirmed/Unconfirmed
L/C)
。
4
、即期信用证和远期信用证
(Pay
at Sight/usance(time)
L/C
)
。
5
、假远期信用证
(Discount
L/C)
，既开证行贴现远期汇票，贴息由买方承担。
6
、付款信用证
(L/C
Available by Payment)
。
7
、承兑信用证
(L/C
Available by Acceptance)
。
8
、议付信用证
L/C
Available by Negotiation)
9
、
可转让信用证和不可转让信用证
(Transferable/Non-
Transferable L/C)
。
10
、循环信用证
(Revolving
L/C)
。
11
、对开信用证
(Reciprocal
L/C)
。
12
、背对背信用证
(Back to
Back L/C)
。
13
、预支信用证
(Anticipatory L/C or Red
Clause)
。
14
、备用信用证和商业信用证
(Standby/ Commercial
Credit)
。
付款方式：
（
mode of
payment
）
外贸常用的付款方式有三种：
一、信用证（
Letter of
Credit
，简称
L/C
）
，种类繁多；
二、汇付
(remittance)
，主要包括电汇（
Telegraphic
< br>Transfer
，简称
T/T
）
、信汇
(Mail
Transfe
r
，简称
M/T
）和即期票汇（
Demand Draft
，简称
D/D
）三种。
<
/p>
三、托收（
Collection
）
，主要包括付款交单（
Documents against Pa
yment
，简称
D/P
）和
承兑交单（
Documents against Acceptanc
e
，简称
D/A
）两种。
< br>D/P
是付款交单，
我们发货后准备好我们的议付单据，
通过我方银行交单至客户方银行，
客户银行提示客户单据已到，
客户付款后银行交单。
D/A
则
是承兑交单，
也是通过我方银行交单给客户银行，
不同的是客人
只需承兑我方单
据，就可以拿走正本单据，到期后再付款。
T/T
是电汇
（单据一般是我方直接邮寄给
客户，
无需通过银行）
，
如果我们跟客
户用
T/T
付款方式，一般的做法是客户先要给我们
30%
的预付款，剩余
70%
一般保险的方法是，货
装船后，客人凭我们传真的提单正本付款，等款到帐后再邮寄
整套正本单据给客人。
汇票（
Bill of Exchange/Postal O
rder/Draft
）是由出票人签发的，要求付款人在见票时或在一
定期限内，
向收款人或持票人无条件支付一定款项的票据。
汇票是国际结算中使用最广泛的
一种信用工具。
3
自己补充的：
I/L
import license
进口许可证
Purchase confirmation
购货确认书
Regular
order
经常订单
/
定期订单
Repeat order
重复订单
To make
out an agreement / a contract
缮制协议书
/
合同
Consignee
收货人
shipper
托运人
carrier
承运人
Gross weight
毛重
net
weight
净
重
Shipping
marks
唛
头
/
装
运
标
志
Container
集
装
箱
Air way bill
空运提单
ocean B/L
海运提单
order B/L
指示提单
Freight
prepaid
运费已付
Broker
经纪人
middleman
General agency
一般代
理，总代理
Trade
volume
交易额
贸易额
第三大题：
句子翻译
翻译
我们已看到贵公司在最近一期《
电视世界》上所做的广告，很感兴趣。
请详细介绍你们的产
品规
格、价格、包装等情况。
We have read
with interest your advertisement in the latest
issue of Television World, and would
like to have full particulars of your
products, including specifications, prices and
packing.
关于贵方
1
月
12
日寻购，我们高兴地通知你方，已另
邮寄出目录及价目表供参考
In reply to
your inquiry of January 12, we are pleased to
inform you that a catalog and a price list
have been airmailed separately for your
reference.
你方会注意到我们的价格很有竞争力
。
我们所有型号均有大量现货，
可承诺于收到信用证后
一月内交货。
As you will
notice, our prices are quite competitive, and
since we carry large stocks of all models,
we can promise delivery within a month
of receipt of your L/C.
兹确认
今天上午的电话洽谈，现随函附寄
CT504
号订单，购买
1500
磅龙井绿茶，每磅
CIF
London 36
便士，
6/7<
/p>
月装运。
This is to
confirm our telephone discussion this morning.
Enclosed is our Order No. CT504 for
1,500
pounds
of
Longjing
Green
Tea
at
36
pence
per
lb
CIF
London
for
shipment
during
June/July.
虽然我方价
格略高于其他供应商，
但由于产品质量优良，
这点差价完全核算
。
订购真正优质
的货物，符合你方本身的利益。
Although our price is a little
higher than quotations of other suppliers, the
superior quality of our
products
more
than
compensates
for
the difference
in price,
and
it
is
to
your
own
advantage
to
order goods of
really good quality.
我方已注意到
你们要求投保战争险，但是要知道我方
CIF
报价只包括水渍险
，因此，你方
若想加保战争险，则增加的保险费由你方负担。
We have noted your request for
insurance against War Risk. But, as you know, our
CIF quotation
includes W.P.A. only.
Therefore, if you require this additional
coverage, the extra premium will be
4
borne by you
<
/p>
请告知航班次数多少，大批装运的最低运费率及小批运货的拼装运费率。
< br>
We shall be glad to know frequency
of sailings, lowest rates for large shipments, and
groupage
rates for small consignments.
我们的付款条件是，
保兑的、不可撤
销的即期信用证，于装运期前一个月开到我方，其有效
期至规定装运期后
21
天，在中国议付，并允许转船及分批装运。
Our
terms
of
payment
are
by
confirmed,
irrevocable
letter
of
credit
available
by
draft
at
sight,
reaching us one month ahead of
shipment, remaining valid for negotiation in China
for another 21
days after the
prescribed time of shipment, and allowing
transhipment and partial shipments.
补充：请你方提供…给我们。
Provide sb
(with) sth .
第四大题
翻译一封信
注意格式和关键词组
第一行中间
标题
第二行左边或者右边
日期
日月年
第三行左边
详细地址
然后开始正文
Sales
confirmation (
销售确认书
)
远东贸易有限公司（买家）
Far East Trading Company Ltd.
to whom it may
concern
：
（敬启者）
We
are
pleased
to
inform
you that We
have
received
your
counteroffer
on
August
10
,
and very
glad
to
confirm having
agreed
with
you
on
the
barter
of
the
following
commodities:
（我们高兴地通知你方，
我们已收到你方
8
月
1
0
日的回盘，
现确认与你方达
成以下交
易。
）
900 pieces
sweaters of Art. No.406L 900
件货号为
406L
的羊毛衫
Pure wool manufacturing
100%
全羊毛
30% of
them are pink
粉色、蓝色、棕色分别占
30%
，
30%
，
40%
30% of them
are blue 40% of them are brown
Each of them is put in
a plastic
bag
（每件套一塑料袋）
。
5
dozen in a
cardboard box
（
5
打装一纸板箱）
。
the color of the sweaters will be mixed
according to the stated proportion
above .
颜色按上述规定比例搭配。
The price includes cost
, insurance and freight , to European main ports
。
价格为成本加运保费欧洲主要口岸。
25
Germany
marks for each
sweater
每件
25
德国
马克。
Including your 2% Commission
包括你方
2%
的佣金。
The
cargoes
will
be
transported
from
Qingdao
Port
,
CHIAN
to
European main ports
on September or October
，
1999
。货物将于
1999
年
9/10
月于中
国青岛港运至欧洲主要港口。
The destination port
will be defined in
the L/C by
the buyer
具体目的港由买方在信用证中明确。
No transshipment is
allowed
不允许转船。
5
The seller
shall cover insurance against total risks and
war risks for
110% of the total
invoice value as per THE P.I.C.C DATED
1/1/1981
.
保
险由我公司根据中国保险条款（
1981.1.1
）按发票金额
110%
投保一切险和战争险。
< br>
Shipping marks are
at our option .
唛头由我方选定。
The buyer shall open
though a first-class bank acceptable to
the
seller
an
irrevocable
L/C
at
sight
to
reach
the
seller
40
days
before the time of
shipment .
请于装运前
40
天通过第一流银行将不可撤销的即
期信用证开到我方。
th
e beneficiary should be My company
.
受益人是我公司。
The amount is 100% of the total
invoice value .
金额为
100%
发票金额。
We
send you the Signed contract , NO. CPW9935 .
please sign it and check back
to let
my company keep in
the archives .
现将我方今日签好的合同
CPW9935
号寄给
你方，请签退一份供我方存档。
QingDao Textiles Import
and Export Company .
青岛纺织品进出口公司
8/23/1999
Sales
Comfirmation
Sellers:
QingDao Textiles Import and Export
Company
Buyesr: Far East Trading
Company Ltd.
Date : 8/23/1999
This contract is made
by and between the buyers and the sellers
,
whereby
the
buyers
agree
to
buy
and
sellers
to
sell
the
under-
mentioned
commodity
on
the
terms
and
conditions
stipulated
below :
Commodity : Cardigans , Art
.No. 406 L
Specifications : 100% wool
, pink 30% blue 30% brown 40%
Quantity: 900 cardigans
Unit price : at DM 25 each , CIF
C2% EMP
Total value : 225oo Germany
marks
Packing : Each in a polybag , 5
dozen to a carton , in the color assortment
stipulated above
Insurance
: The seller
shall cover insurance against total risks and
war
risks
for
110%
of
the
total
invoice
value
as
per
THE
P.I.C.C
DATED 1/1/1981 .
6
Time of shipment : September or
October
，
1999
No transshipment is allowed
Port of
shipment : QingDao port , CHINA
Port
of destination: European main ports .
The destination
port will be defined in the L/C
by the buyer .
Shipping
marks : at the sellers option
Terms
of payment : The buyer shall open though a
first-class bank
acceptable
to
the
seller
an
irrevocable
L/C
at
sight
to
reach
the
seller
40
days
before
the
time of shipment .
The beneficiary should be seller .
The amount is 100% of the total
invoice value .
Confirmed
by :______________
_________________
第五大题：
写一封信
The Maritime
Trading .
1550,Haigang Road,ShangHai,China
TEL
：
FAX:
November.4.2012
The Export Manager
The
Midland Carpet .
173 Waterloo Street
,London E.C.4
Dear Sir or
Madam
，
We have noticed with interest your
advertisement in the October issue of
THE MAGIC CARPET ,and feel that the
patterns of your carpets may appeal to
Chinese customers , especially the
well-to-do weds . Therefore we would like to
have detailed information about the
various types of carpets available at the
moment , such as specifications and
prices .If possible together with sample
cuttings .
7
Yours faithfully
Bruce Lin
Business Manager
The
Maritime Trading .
1550,Haigang Road,ShangHai,China
TEL
：
FAX:
November.4.2012
Dear Sir or
Madam
，
Thank you for your inquiry of 3
November in which you asked about
our equipment we displayed in the
International Farm Machinery Fair
in Bonn . There are some specific
questions in your last letter . We
are very glad to answer you .
We are willing to give
you a better substantial discount according
to your purchase volume . With
regard to the terms of payment , we
would suggest sight L/C for the
initial stage .
We can
fulfill orders within three months ,unless
there are special
specifications ,
which may take a little longer .
We are enclosing our current
catalog and price list quoting c.i.f Bangkok
prices
,
and we
think you
will find the earth-
moving
equipment
on
pp.101-115
of particular
interest
fro the work
you
have in mind
.
If you
require
any
further
information
,
please
contact
us
and we
will be pleased
to supply
it
.
Yours sincerely
Dai Yuxiong
International Business Department
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