-
倒装句
概念解析:
倒装:指的是
主语和谓语
(
整个谓语
/
部分谓语
)<
/p>
的颠倒。
主语与整个谓语部分位置完全颠倒→完全倒装
如:
On the top of
the hill stands a big temple.
(
地点状语
)
(谓语)
(主语)
Now
comes
your turn.
(
时间副词
)
(谓语)
(主语)
Away
went
the bus.
(
方位副词
)
(谓语)
(主语)
主语与部分谓语颠倒(把情
态动词
/be
动词
/
< br>助动词提到主语的前面)
→部分倒装
如:
Only in this
way
can
you
improve your
oral English .
(only
引导介词短语
)
(情态动词)(主语)
Not
until 11:30 last night
did
I
go to bed.
(时间状语)
(助动词)
(主语)
观察上面的有关完全倒装和
部分倒装的有关例句,不难发现,无论完
全倒装还是部分倒装都是有条件的。
一:
完全倒装:
条件:
1.
主语为名词或名词性的短
语
(若主句主语是代词则不用倒装)
2.
特殊的词或短语放句首
(
1
)
表示时间的副词
no
w, then
放句首且主语为名词或名词性的短语
Then came my turn to recite the text. <
/p>
(
2
)表示方位的副词(
here, there , out ,in ,up ,down ,away
)
、表示方
位的名词性短语(由
n
orth, south, east, west
构成)和表示地点的介
词短语放句首,且主语为名词或名词性的短语
There goes the bell.
Out rushed the children.
North of the city lies a temple.
Southeast of
the village stands a tower.
Under the table was lying a cat.
【区别:
】
Here it is.
Away he went.
p>
(
若主语是人称代词则不用倒装)
(
3
)
在“
there live(-s,-d)/
stand(-s,-ed)/ exist(-s,-ed)+
名词或名词性短
语
+
其他的句型中”
There lived a king in this castle in
ancient times.
古时候有个国王住
在这个城堡里。
( 4 )
表语放句首用完全倒装
,即“表语
+be
+
主语”
:
Among
these
students
is
one
who
got
the
first
place
in
the
final
exam.
在这些学生中有一个在期末考试中取得了第一名的好成绩。
Gone are the days when Chinese people
were looked down upon.
中国人们被歧视的日子一去不复返了。
Present at the meeting are Mr kang,
Miss li and Ms zhang.
二:部分倒装:
条件:特殊的词或短语放在句首
(<
/p>
1
)含有否定意义的副词或副词短语或一些特定连词词语放在句首
这
些
词
p>
常
见
的
有
:
rarely
,
hardly,
not
,
never
,
little,
seldom,nowhere(else)
,
neither, nor; by no means/
at no time/ on no
account(
绝不
)
;
not only, not
until
等
Hardly
had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope
with.
我一
到,就有新问题要处理。
【思维拓展】
hardly+
部分倒装
/
过去完成时
…
wh
en+
一般过去时;
scarcely
…
when/no
sooner
…
than
都表示“
一
…
就怎么样”
;
否定副词
hardly, scarcely, no
sooner
放句首它们后面句子用
部分倒装且用过去完成时
Not
a
single
mistake
did
he
make.(not
+
名词短语放句首后用部分倒
装
)
On no account wil our heros
give in to the Japanese invaders.
(
表否定
的副词短语放句首
)
Not until the TV program
was over did I go to bed.
直到电视节目结
束,我才去睡觉。
(not until +
句子
/
p>
时间副词放句首,
后面的主句用部分倒装,
从句不倒
装
)
Not only does she speak
English but also she can speak French.
(
not only
…
but also
连接两个句子的时候
not only
后面的句子用部
分倒装)
I am not interested in
maths. Neither is he.
He
seldom goes to the cinema. Nor do I.
(neither / nor +be/have/
助动词<
/p>
/
情态动词
+
主
语表示前面否定内容也适
合于另一个人或事物
)
(
2
)
only
引起的倒装
only +
时间副词(
now/t
hen
)
only +
介词短语
(only
in this way / only by this means
…
)
only +
从句
( only when /
only after / only if
…
..)
以上三种情况放句首用部分倒装