-
CET
大学英语六级
语法重点讲解
英语六级语法重点讲解
特殊的虚拟语气词——
should
1
)
It
is demanded / necessary / a pity +
that…
结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用
should
加动
词原形,
should
可省略。
句型:
(1)suggested
(2)It
is
important
that…+
(should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed,
required,
demanded, requested,
insisted
;
+
(should) do
(2)important, necessary,
natural, strange
,
a
pity,
a
shame,
no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should)
hold a meeting next week.
It is
necessary that he (should) come to our meeting
tomorrow.
2
)在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order,
suggest, propose, require, demand,
request, insist, command, insist +
(should) do
I suggest that we (should)
hold a meeting next week.
He insisted
that he (should ) be sent there.
注意:
如
suggest, insist
不
表示
建议
或<
/p>
坚持要某人做某事时
,即它们用于其本意
暗示、
表明<
/p>
、
坚持认为
p>
时,宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that
everybody obey the rules.
判断改错
:
(错)
You pale face
suggests that you (should) be ill.
(
对
)
Your pale face suggests
that you are ill.
(
错
)
I insisted that you (
should) be wrong.
(
对
)
I insisted that you were
wrong.
3
)在表语从句,同位语从句中的应用
在
suggestion, proposal, idea,
plan, order, advice
等名词后面的表语从句、
同位语从句中要
2
用虚拟语气,即(
should
)
+
动词原形。
My
idea is that we (should) get more people to attend
the conference.
I make a proposal that
we (should) hold a meeting next week.
一般现在时代替完成时
1)
有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时:
hear, tell, learn, write , understand,
forget, know, find , say,
remember.
I hear
(= have heard) he will go to London.
I forget (=have forgotten) how old he
is.
2)
句型
代替
3) It is (= has been) five years since
we last met
不定式的特殊句型
so
as
to
1
)
表示目的;它的否定式是
so as not to
do
。
Tom kept quiet about the
accident so as not to lose his job.
汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
Go
in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。
2)
so kind as to
---
劳驾
Would you be so
kind as to tell me the time?
劳驾,现在几点了。
None
、
few
、
some
、
any
、
one
、
ones
的用法
一、
none
无
1)
none
作主语,多与
of
构成短语
none
of
。
在答语中,
< br>none
可单独使用。
Are there any pictures on
the wall?
None.
2) none
作主语,谓语动词单
复数均可。但如做表语,则其单复数与表语一致。
It is
none of your business.
二、
few
一些,少数
3
few
作主语时,谓语动词用复数,多用于肯定句。
三、
some
一些
1)
可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。
2)
当做
某一
解时,也可与单数名词连用。
p>
(
= a
certain
)
You will be sorry for this
some day.
总有一天,你会后悔这件事的。
A certain (some) person has
seen you break the rule.
某些人不同意你的看法。
注意:
(1)
在肯定疑问句中用
some
代替
an
y
。
(2)some
用于其他句式中
:
a.
<
/p>
肯定疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时。
Would
you
like
句式中,表委婉请求或建议,如:
Would you like
some coffee?
b.
在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时,如:
If you need
some help
,
let me know.
c.
some
位于主语部分
,
Some students
haven‘t been there before.
d.
<
/p>
当否定的是整体中的部分时,
some
可
用于否定句。如:
I haven‘t heard from some of my old
friends these years.
这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信。
四、
any
一些
1)
any
多用于否定句和疑问句和条件状语从句中。当句中含有
任何的意思时,
any
可用于
肯定句。
Here are three novels. You
may read any.
这有三本小说,你可任读一本。
五、
one, ones
为复数形式
4
on
es
必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用
some, any
,而不用
ones
。
Have you bought any
rulers?
Yes
,
I ‘ve bought
some.
Only
在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English
well.
Only after being asked three
times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he
ever stay in bed.
不定代词
every
、
no
、
p>
all
、
both
、
neither
、
nor
的用法
1
)不定代词有
all ,
both, every, each, either, neither, more, little,
few, much, many, another, other,
some,
any , one, no
以及
some,
something, anything, everything, somebody,
someone, anybody,
anyone, nothing ,
nobody, no one, none, everybody,
everyone.
等。
2
)
不定代词的功能与用法
a.
除
every
和
no
外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。
ever
y
和
no
在句中只能作
定语。
I have no idea about
it.
b.
all
都,
指三者以上。
all
的主谓一致:
all
的单复数由它所修饰或指代的
名词的单复数决
定。
All
goes well.
一切进展得很好。
all
通常不与可数名词单数连用,如:不说
all the book
,而说
the whole book
。但
a
ll
可与表
时间的可数名词单数连用,如
all day
,
all
night
,
all the
year
;
但习惯上不说
all
hour
,
all
century<
/p>
。
all
还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连
用,如
all
China
,
all the
city
,
all my
life
,
all the way
3
)
both
都,指两者。
a.
both
与复数动词连用,但
both…
and…
可与单数名词连用。
b.
both, all
都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前,
be
动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词
5
后面的实义动词省
去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。
Who can speak Japanese?
We both (all) can.
4
)
neither
两者都不
a.
neither
作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
b.
作定语与单数名词连用,但
neither…
nor
用作并列连词,可与复数名词连用。其谓语采
用就近原则。
c.
可用于下列句型,避免重复。
She
can‘t sing
,
neither (can) he.
neither
与
nor
d.
如前句是否定式从句,则主句用
neither
,而不用
nor
。
If you don‘t do
it
,
neither should
I.
如果你不干,我也不干。
e.
如后连续有几个否定句式,则用
nor
,不用
neither
。
He can‘t
sing
,
nor
dance
,
nor skate.
比较
may
和
might
1
)
表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;
may
放在句首,表示祝愿。
May God bless you!
He might be at
home.
注意:
might
表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比
may
小。
2
)
成语:
may/might as
well
,后面接不带
to
的不定式
,意为
不妨
。
If
that is the case, we may as well try.
典型例题
Peter
___come with us tonight, but he isn‘t very sure
yet.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. will
答案
B.
表可能性只能用
may.
此句意可从后半句推出。
6
though,
although
的用法
注意:
当有
though, although
时,后面的从句不能有
but
,但是
though
和
yet
可连用
Although it‘s
raining, they are still working in the
field.
虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very
hard.
虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar
may remain.
伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。
(谚语)
典型例题
1
)
___she is young, she knows quite a lot.
A. When
B.
However
C.
Although
D.
Unless
答案:
C
。意为虽然她
很年轻,却知道许多。
2)
as, though
引导的倒装句
as / thoug
h
引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)
。
Child as /though he
was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew
what was the right thing to do.
注意:
a.
句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.
句首是实义动词,其他助动词放
在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一
起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never
seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
= Though he tries hard, he never
seems…
虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
3)
ever if, even though.
即使
We‘ll make a
trip even though the weather is bad.
4)
whether…or
-
不管
……
都
7
Whether you believe it or not, it is
true.
5)
疑问词
或
疑问词
+
后缀
ever
No matter what happened, he would
not mind.
Whatever happened, he would
not mind.
替换:
no
matter what = whatever
no matter who =
whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意:
no matter
不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
(错)
No matter what you say is
of no use now.
(对)
Whatever
you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。
(Whatever you
say
是主语从句
)
(错)
Prisoners have to eat no
matter what they‘re given,
(对)
Prisoners have to eat
whatever they‘re given.
囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
从
so do I
谈起
两人对话,
乙方对甲方的问话常可用简短回答作出
反应。
例如:
Do you like it? --
Yes
,
I
do.
这同样适用于陈述句的场合:
You worry too
much
.
--
No
,
I don‘t.
在后一种情况
下,乙
方也能
+
do
+主语
之类
的结构表示看法。
例如甲
方说
我喜欢苹果
,乙方
如果想表示
我也喜欢苹果
,英语可以说:
A
:
I like apples.
B
:
So do
I
.
(=
I
like apples
,
too
。<
/p>
)
这里的
so
在意义上相当于
in the same
way
,即同样、
也那样,作简短反
应表示同样看
法时常用之。
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇:八年级英语语法点及重点短语
下一篇:伊索寓言 英汉双译