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ability+competence+辩异

作者:高考题库网
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2021-02-27 23:34
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2021年2月27日发(作者:foods)


ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift,aptitude~


同义词辨析



ability, capacity, capability, genius, talent, competence, faculty, gift,



aptitude



这些名词


均可表示人的“能力,才能”之意


。那么他们的区别是什么呢


?



ability


→普通用词,指人先天的或学来的各种能力。



She did the work to the best of her ability.


她已尽了力去做那件工作了。




capacity


→侧重指人的潜 在能力,通常不指体力,多指才智,尤指接受与领悟能力。



He has a great capacity for learning languages.


他学语言的能力很强。




capability


→多用于人 ,


指胜任某项具体工作的能力,


也指本身具有、


尚未发挥的潜在能力。


常与


of



for


连用。



She has capabilities as a singer; she is worth training.


她有成为歌唱家的才华


,


值得加以培养。





genius


→语气最强,指天赋的高度才能与智力。



Einstein was a great scientific genius.


爱因斯坦是一个伟大的科学天才。




talent


→着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋 才能,但语意比


genius


弱。



He had a talent for music.


他有音乐天才。




competence


→正式用词,


侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平,


达到胜任某项工作等的要求。



The young surgeon showed exceptional competence.


这位年轻的医生表现了非凡的能力。





faculty


→指特殊的才能或智力。



He has a great faculty for mathematics.


他具有很强的学数学的才能。





gift


→着重个人的天赋的才能 或在某方面的显著本领,常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意


味。



He is a man of gifts.


他是个多才多艺的人




aptitude


→多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力, 常暗示接受能力强,能迅速掌握一种学


术训练或艺术技巧。



He skipped the fourth grade because of his aptitude.


他因天资聪颖从三年级跳到了五年级。







ability,capacity,faculty,talent,skill,com petence,aptitude



These


nouns


denote


the


qualities


in


a


person


that


permit


or


facilitate


achievement


or


accomplishment.



这些名词都表示某人具有取得进步或成功的素质。




Ability is the power, mental or physical, to do something:



Ability


是指智力或体力上具有做某事的能力:




“To


make


a


fortune


some


assistance


from


fate


is


essential.


Ability


alone


is


insufficient”


(Ihara


Saikaku).



< p>
要致富,光靠能力是不够的,还得看机遇



(伊 哈拉


·


塞科古)




Capacity refers to an innate potential for growth, development, or accomplishment:



Capacity


指天赋的,如生长、发展或成功的潜力:




“Not by age but by capacity is wisdom acquired” (Plautus).




智慧的获得是依靠才能而不是年龄



(普洛提斯)





Faculty denotes an inherent power or ability:



Faculty


指内在的力量或能力:




An unerring faculty for detecting hypocrisy is one of her most useful attributes.



能无误地看出伪善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一。




Talent emphasizes inborn ability, especially in the arts:



Talent


强调


天生的才能,尤其是在艺术方面:




“There is no substitute for talent. Industry and all the virtues are of no avail” (Aldous Huxley).




勤奋及其他的品质都不能弥补天分的不足



(阿尔多斯


·


赫胥黎)


< p>



Skill stresses ability that is acquired or developed through experience:



Skill


强调


由经验而获得或发展的能力:




“The


intellect,


character


and


skill


possessed


by


any


man


are


the


product


of


certain


original


tendencie


s and the training which they have received” (Edward L. Thorndike).




任何人的知识、

< br>性格和能力都是由起初的兴趣加上后来接受的训练而得到的。



(爱德华


.L.


桑戴克)


。< /p>




Competence suggests the ability to do something satisfactorily but not necessarily outstandingly


well:



Competence


指能做到使人满意但并不一定特别出众的能力:




The concerto was performed by a violinist of unquestioned competence but limited imagination.



小提琴家所演奏的协奏曲毫无疑问是出色的,但是缺乏想象力。




Aptitude implies inherent capacity for learning, understanding, or performing:



Aptitude



暗指


内在的学习、理解和表演的才能:




Even as a child he showed an unusual aptitude for mathematics.



甚至孩童时他就显露出非同一般的数学才能


< br>三者均可表示



滑动



,区别如下:



1. glide

< p>
主要指有意的、持续的、平稳的滑行,这种滑行可能是在一个平面上,也可能在空

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