-
表原因或理由的介词：
for, at, from,
of, with, by, because of
1.
for
表示原因，常与
sorry,
famous, punish, praise, thank, blame
等词连用。如：
I am sorry for what I said
to you.
我后悔不该对你讲那些话。
2.
at
指情感变化的原因，意为
“
因听到或看到而
……”
。如：
He was surprised at the news.
听到这消息他大吃一惊。
3.
from
指
“
外在的原因
”
，如受伤、车祸等。如：
He died from the wound.
他因受伤而致死。
4.
of
指
“
内在的原因
”
，如病、饿等。如：
The old man died of
hunger.
老人死于饥饿。
5.
with
指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。如：
Hearing the
news, he jumped with joy.
他们听到这个消息，欣喜若狂。
He was shaking with anger.
他气得浑身发抖。
6.
by
表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。
Her body was bent by age.
他因年老背弯了。
She took your umbrella by
mistake.
我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。
7.
because of
表示引起结果的直接原因。如：
He retired last month
because of illness/because he ill.
8.
owing
to
多表示引起某不良后果的原因。如：
Owing to the rain they
could not come.
由于下雨他们没来。
9.
thanks to
表示引起某种幸
运结果的原因，常译为
“
幸亏
……
，多亏
……”
。如：
Thanks to
John, we won the game.
多亏约翰，我们才赢了这场比赛。
10.
out
of
表示动机的起因，常译为
“
出于
……”
。如：
He asked the
question out of curiosity.
他出于好奇才问了那个问题。
11.
through
多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。如：
The war was
lost through bad organization.
战争因组织不周而失败了。
1.
to
有两种用法：
一为不定式
+
动词原形；
一为介词
+
名词
/
动名词
, to
在下面的用法中是第二种，即
to+
名词
/
动名词：
admit
to
承认，
confess
to
承认，
be accustomed to
习惯于，
be used to
习惯于，
stick to
坚持，
turn
to
开始，着手于，
devote oneself to
献身于，
be devoted
to
致力于，
look
forward to
盼
望，
pay attention
to
注意
2. with:
一、
with
表拥有某物
Mary married a man with a
lot of money .
马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。
I often dream of a big
house with a nice garden .
我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
The old man lived with a
little dog on the lonely island .
这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。
二、
wi
th
表用某种工具或手段
I cut the apple with a
sharp knife .
我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
Tom drew the picture with a
pencil .
汤母用铅笔画画。
三、
with
表人与人之间的协同关系
make friends with sb
talk with sb
quarrel with sb
struggle with sb
fight with sb
play with sb
work with sb
cooperate with
sb
I have been
friends with Tom for ten years since we worked
with each other , and I have
never
quarreled with him .
自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤母已经是十年的朋友了，但我们从没有吵过架。
四、
with
表原因或理由
John was in bed with high
fever .
约翰因发烧卧床。
He jumped up with joy .
他因高兴跳起来。
Father is often excited
with wine .
父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。
五、
with
表“带来”，或“带有
,
具有”，在?身上，在?身边之意
The
girl with golden hair looks beautiful .
那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
The famous director will
come to the meeting with the leading actor and
actress .
那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。
A storm with a
hurricane has come onto its way .
带有飓风的风暴要来了。
Do you have
money with you .
身上带着钱吗？
Take the umbrella with you
in case it rains .
随身带伞，以防下雨。
六、
with
表想法，信念，态度与?一致
I agree with you on how to deal with it
.
关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。
I believe with
the headmaster that a good teacher should not only
teach a student what
to learn but also
how to learn it .
< br>我相信校长所说，一个好老师不但教学生学什么，而且应教学生怎么去学。
七、
wi
th
表示让步
,
“虽有
,
尽管”
With all his money and
fame, he is not happy .
有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。
With good teachers and
warmhearted classmates ,the new comer feels lonely
.
虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。
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