-
1.
Professor Bumble
Professor
bumble
is
not
only
absent-minded
心
不
在
焉
的
，
出
神
的
，
健
忘
的
< br>
but
short-sighted as
well. His mind is always busy with learned
[l
??rnd ,
?l??rn?
d]
有学问的
;
知识
渊博的
;
博学的
thoughts and
he seldom notices what is going on around him. On
a fine day
recently,
he
went
for
a
walk
in
the
countryside.
But
as
always,
he
read
the
books
as
he
walked.
He
hadn’t
gone
far
when
he
ran
into
a
large
cow
and
fell
down.
He
had
lost
his
spectacles in the fall and he thought
he had
stumbled
绊脚
;
跌跌撞撞地走
;
蹒跚而行
over
a
fat
lady.
I
beg
your
pardon,
madam.
He
said
politely before
searching
for
his
glasses.
As
soon as he had put his
glasses on, he realized his mistake. Soon he was
concentrating on his
book again and
paying no attention to anything else. He had
scarcely been walking for five
minutes
when he fell over again, losing both his book and
his glasses. This time he became
very
angry. Seizing his umbrellas he stuck the cow in
anger. Then after finding his glasses, he
realized with horror that he had made a
second mistake. He large fat woman was running
away from him in terror.
2.
Teamwork
Teamwork is just as important in
science as it is on the playing field or in the
gym. Scientific
investigations are
almost always carried out by teams of people
working together. Ideas are
shared,
experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and
results are evaluated and shared
with
other
investigators.
Group
work
is
necessary
and
is
usually
more
productive
than
working
alone.
Several
times
throughout
the
year, you may
be
asked
to
work
with
one
or
more of your classmates. Whatever the
task your group is assigned, a few rules need to
be
followed to ensure a productive and
successful experience. What comes first is to keep
an
open
mind
,
because everyone’s
ideas
deserve
consideration.
And
each
group
member
can
make his or her
contribution. Secondly it makes a job easier to
divide the group task among
all group
members. Thirdly always work together, take turns,
and encourage each other by
listening,
clarifying,
and
trusting
one
another.
Mutual
support
and
trust
often
make
a
big
difference.
3.
Mistakes are
good teachers
After
the
birth
of
my
second
child,
I
got
a
job
at
a
restaurant.
Having
worked
with
an
experienced waitress for a few days, I
was allowed to wait on tables
(Wait at
tables/Wait on
tabes/Wait
tables
在餐馆当服务生
)
on
my
own.
When
Saturday
night
came,
I
was
luckily
given
the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I
still felt a little hard to carry the heavy
tray
s. So I moved slowly,
minding every step. I remembered how happy I was
when I saw a
tray standing next to the
tables. It looked different from the one I was
trained on. And I had
nice handles
which made it easier to move around. I was pleased
with everything and began
to believe I
was natural at this job. Then an old man came to
me
and said that was his wife’s
walker
学步车；助步车；助行架
. I stood frozen
as ice, but my face was on fire. Since then, I
have learnt to be more careful and not
to be too sure of myself.
4.
Time has the power to change attitude
Last week, my youngest son and I
visited my father at his new home. My earliest
memories
of
my
father
are
a
tall,
handsome,
successful
man
devoted
to
his
work
and
family
but
uncomfortable with his children. As a
child, I loved him. As a school girl and young
adult, I
feared him and felt bitter
about (
对……感到痛苦
,
对……感到愤愤不平
) him. On the first
day of my visit, we did some shopping,
ate on the stree
t table, and laughed
over my son’s
funny
facial
expressions.
Gone
was
my
father’s
critical
(
挑剔的
)
air
(
神态神情，气质
)
and
strict rules.
倒装句
Who was this person I knew as my
father, who seemed so friendly and
interesting to be around? The next day,
my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told
my
quite
a
few
stories
about
his
own
childhood.
Although
our
times
together
became
easier
over the years, I
never felt closer to him until that moment. After
so many years, I am at last
seeing
another side of my father.
5.
Experience
speaks
There are many different ways of
seeing a town for the first time. One of them is
to walk
around it, guidebook
指南；
入门
（指导）
（书）
；
参考手册
in
hand. Of course, we may study
with our
guidebooks the history and special development of
the town and get to know them.
But then
if we take our time and stand in a town for a
while, we may get to know it better.
When
we
look
at
it
as
a
whole,
we
begin
to
have
some
questions,
which
even
the
best
guidebooks do not
answer. Why is the town just like this? This
shape, this
plan (
建筑、
城镇等
的
)
详图
,
and
this
size.
Here
even
the
best
guidebooks
fail
us.
We
can’t
find
in
it
the
information about how
the town has developed into present appearance.
However we may
get some idea of what it
used to look like by walking around the town. A
personal visit to a
town may help us
understand why it is attractive than just reading
about it in a guidebook.
6.
Representatives of civilization:
pottery
制陶手艺
;
制陶技艺
Ancient
people made clay pottery because they needed it
for their survival. They used the
pots
they made for cooking, storing food, and carrying
things from place to place. Pottery
was
so important to early cultures that scientists now
study it to learn more about ancient
civilizations. The more advanced the
pottery in terms of decoration, materials,
glazes
釉
;
釉
料
and
manufacture,
the
more
advanced
the
culture
itself.
The
artisan
英
[?
ɑ
?t??
z?
n]
美
[?
ɑ
?rt?
zn]
n.
工匠
;
手艺人
who makes
pottery in North America today utilizes his or her
skill and
imagination to create items
that are beautiful as well as al, transforming
something ordinary
into something
special and unique. The potter uses one of the
Earth's most basic materials,
clay.
Clay
can
be
found
almost
anywhere.
Good
pottery
clay
must
be
free
from
all
small
stones
and
other
hard
materials
that
would
make
the
potting
process
difficult.
The
most
important
tools
potters
use
are
their
own
hands;
however,
they
also
use
wire
loop
tools,
wooden modeling tools, plain wire, and
sponges.
7.
Words
can change attitude
On
August
26, 1999, New
York
City
was
struck
by a
terrible
rainstorm
during
the morning
rush hour that caused the streets to
flood. Many people who were going to work were
forced
to
go
home.
Some
battled
to
call
a
taxi,
get
a
bus
or
walk
miles
to
get
to
work.
I
soon
discovered
most of the subway lines had stopped service. I
finally found an operating line,
but
there were so many people that I couldn’t
initially get to the platform. Finally, I got to
my
office,
wet
through,
and
exhausted.
After
an
unenjoyably
day,
Garth,
my
Director,
sent
an
e-mail to everyone: Thanks to everyone
who
reported
to work. It is
always
reassuring
令人感
< br>到宽慰的
;
令人放心的
when
employees
show
their
devotion
to
their
jobs.
Thank
you.
Garth
’
s email was
short
，
but welcomed. It made
me realize that even when times are tough,
a few words can make a big difference.
8.
Fairy tales
Tales of the supernatural are common in
all parts of Britain. In particular, there was a
belief in
fairies
(
故事中的
)
小仙人，仙子，小精灵
.
Not
all
of
these
fairies
are
the
friendly,
people-loving sprites
(
传说中的
)
小仙子，小精灵，小妖精
; that appear in
Disney films. In
some folk tales, they
are cruel and causing much human suffering. This
is true in the tales
about
the
changelings
(
尤指故事中被仙女
)
偷换后留下的孩童
.
These
tell
a
story
of
a
mother
whose
baby
grows
sick
and
pale
and
has
changed
so
much
that
it
is
almost
unrecognizable to the parents. It is
then feared that fairies had come and stolen
the baby
away and replaced
the human baby with a fairy changeling. In those
cases, there is often a
way to get the
real baby back. You could place the changeling on
the fire, then it would rise
up the
chimney. You would hear the sound of fairies
laughter and soon after you would find
your own child safe and sound nearby.
9.
Self-image
Self-
image is your own
mind’s picture of yourself. This image includes
the way you look, the
way you act, the
way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly,
our self-images are often
quite
different from the images others hold about us.
Unfortunately, most of the images are
more negative than they should be. Thus
changing the way you think about yourself is key
to
changing
your
self-image
and
your
whole
world.
It
might
be
that
you
are
experiencing
a
negative self-
image, because
you can’t move past one flaw or weakness that you
see about
yourself. Well, roll up your
sleeves and make a change of it as your primary
task. The best
way to get rid of a
negative self-image is to realize that your image
is far from objective and
to
actively
convince
yourself
of
your
positive
qualities.
Changing
the
way
you
think
and
working on those, you will go a long
way towards promoting a positive self-image.
10.
Shopaholics
The word addiction usually makes you
think of alcohol or drugs. But in modern day
society,
we are seeing some new kinds
of additions. Some people are compulsive shoppers.
Others
find it impossible to pull
themselves away from their work. Still others
spend countless hours
watching
TV
or
playing
computer
games.
Over
the
years,
shopping
has
become
a
very
common activity. Many people enjoy
going to malls or stores more and more every day.
But
it’s more than
a common
hobby for some of them. They have turned into
shopaholics. There
are people who
simply enjoy shopping and walking around, spending
money without being
able to stop doing
it.
They are hooked by shopping and
usually buy things that they don’t
need.
Even though they don’t
have enough money, they want to buy everything
they want.
Why
do
they
have
this
addiction?
There
isn’t
a
specific
answer.
Some
people
go
shopping
when they are sad,
worried, upset or lonely. Some even tend to have
this addiction when
they feel guilty.
11.
Time
management
Time is something from which
we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still
going by,
ticking
away
second
by
second,
minute
by
minute,
hour
by
hour.
So
the
main
issue
in
using
your
time well is- who is in
charge? We can allow time to slip by and let it be
our enemy. Or we
can take control of it
and make it our ally. By taking control of how you
spend your time, you
will increase your
chances of becoming a more successful student.
Perhaps more importantly,
the better
you are at managing the time you devote to your
studies, the more time you will
have
to
spend
on
your
outside
interests.
The
aim
of
time
management
is
not
to
schedule
every
moment, so we become slaves of a timetable that
governs every
waking
moment
of
the day. Instead the aim is to make
informed choices as to how we use our time.
12.
Charity shops
The charity shop is a British
institution, selling everything from clothes to
electric goods, all
at very good
prices. You can get things you won’t find in the
shop
s any more. The thing I like
best about them is that your money is
going to a good course and not into the pockets of
profit-driven companies. And you are
not damaging the planet but finding a new home for
unwanted goods. Most of the people
working in the charity shops are volunteers,
although
there
is
often
a
manager
who
gets
paid.
Over
90%
of
the
goods
in
the
charity
shops
are
donated by the public.
The shops have very low running costs. All profits
go to charity work.
Charity shops raise
more than 110,000,000 British pounds a year,
funding medical research,
overseas
aid,
supporting
sick
and
poor
children,
homeless
and
disabled
people
and
much
more.
13.
Passive learning
We
can
achieve
knowledge
either
actively
or
passively.
We
achieve
it
actively
by
direct
experience, by
testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We
achieve knowledge passively
by being
told by someone else. Most of the learning that
takes place in the classroom and
the
kind
that
happens
when
we
watch
TV
or
read
newspapers
or
magazines
is
passive.
Conditioned
as
we
are
to
passive
learning,
it's
not
surprising
that
we
depend
on
it
in
our
everyday communication
with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately,
passive learning has a
serious problem.
It makes us tend to accept what we are told even
when it is little more than
hearsay
道听途说
;
传闻
and rumor.
That's what happens in daily life. The simple fact
that
people repeat a story in their own
words changes the story. Then, too, most people
listen
imperfectly. And many enjoy
adding their own creative
touch
修饰，润色
to a story,
trying
to improve on it, stamping it
with their own personal style. Yet those who hear
it think they
know.
14.
Different
styles of direction
I travel a lot, and
I find out different styles of directions every
time I ask
“h
ow can I get to
the
post office?
” In Japan,
people use landmarks in their directions instead
of street names. For
example, the
Japanese will say to travelers, ―Go straight down
to the corner. Turn left at the
big
hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office
is across from
(opposite)
the bus stop. In
the
countryside
of
the
American
Midwest,
instead
of
landmarks,
people
will
tell
you
directions and
distances. For example, people will say,
―
Go north two miles. Turn
east, and
then go another mile. People
in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of
distance on the map;
they measure
distance in time, not miles.
―
How far away is the post
office?
‖
you ask.
―
Oh, they answer,
―
it
’
s
about five minutes from here. You say,
―
Yes, but how many miles
away is it? They
don
’
t know.
15.
Rainforests
Rainforests
are
the
lungs
of
the
planet,
storing
large
quantities
of
carbon
dioxide
and
producing
a
significant
amount
of
the
world’s
oxygen.
Rainforests
have
their
own
perfect
system
for
guaranteeing
their
own
survival.
The
tall
trees
make
a
cover
of
branches
and
leaves which protects themselves,
smaller plants and the forest animals from heavy
rain, dry
heat,
and
strong
winds.
Amazingly,
the
trees
grow
in
such
a
way
that
their
leaves
and
branches,
although
close
together,
never
actually
touch
those
of
another
tree.
Scientists
think this is a deliberate method to
prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make
life
difficult
for
leaf-eating
insects.
They
are
not
called
rainforests
for
nothing.
Rainforests
can
produce
75%
of
their
own
rain.
At
least
80
inches
英寸
of rain
a
year
is
normal.
In
some
areas, there may be as
much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real
rain. In just 2 hours,
streams can rise
10 to 20
feet
英尺
.
Miles
英里
16.
Joanna
Lopes
’s invention
One day Joanna Lopes had an idea for a
dish washing machine that worked without using
water. She went to see several dish
washer manufacturers about producing the machine.
But
none of them were interested.
Joanna found investors to back her idea and
founded her own
production company. She
spent millions of dollars on developing her dish
washer. And it was
launched (put into
the market)
three years later. From
then on, sales were very good, better
even than Joanna had hoped. But Glob
Domestic, one of the companies that she has
been to
made
its
own
waterless
dish
washer.
Joanna
obtained
one
and
found
that
it
used
the
technical ideas she had
developed. She had obtained legal protection for
these ideas, so that
other companies
could not use them. After a long legal process,
Global Domestic was forced
to
stop
making
its
competing
dish
washer
and
to
pay
Joanna
several
million
dollars.
Now
Joanna
’
s
waterless
dish
washer
has
40
℅
of
the
worldwide
dish
washer
market,
and
this
is
increasing every year.
17.
Rising sea
level
Latest research predicts that the
global sea level is expected to rise 9 to 88
centimeters by
2100, with a best
estimate of 50 centimeters. This is due to global
warming which is causing
the ice caps
(
尤指北极和南极的
)
冰冠
to melt. This
great rise of close to one meter would
threaten huge areas of
low-
lying
低的
,
低洼的
coastal land as well as major cities
such as
London, New York and
Tokyo. In many places, 50 centimeters would see
entire beaches being
washed
away.
On
low-
lying
pacific
islands,
the
highest
point
is
only
two
or
three
meters
above the current sea level. If the sea
level was to rise by 50 centimeters, big parts of
these
islands
would
disappear
under
the
water.
Even
if
they
remain
above
the
sea,
many
island
nations will have their supplies of
drinking water reduced because sea water will
pollute their
freshwater.
There
are
also
tens
of
millions
of
people
living
in
low-level
coastal
areas
of
southern Asia, such as the coastline of
Pakistan and India, who would be in danger.
18.
What is a
father
A father is a person who is
forced to endure childbirth without an anesthetic.
He growls
低
声吼叫
;
发出低沉的怒吼
;
咆哮
when
he
feels
good
and
laughs
very
loud
when
he
is
scared
half-
to-death
吓得半死
.
A
father
never
feels
entirely
worthy
of
the
worship
in
a
child's
eyes.
He
is
never
quite
the
hero
his
daughter
thinks,
never
quite
the
man
his
son
believes him to be. And this worries
him sometimes. A father is a person who goes to
war
sometimes and would run the other
way except that war is part of his only important
job in
his life, which is making the
world better for his children than it has been for
him.
I don’t
know
w
here father goes when he dies, but
I’ve an idea that, after a good rest,
where
ver it is,
he won't
just sit on a cloud and wait for the girl he's
loved and the children she
bore
. He'll be
busy
there
too,
repairing
the
stars,
oiling
the
gates,
improving
the
streets,
smoothing
the
way.
Bore v.
(
尤指因啰唆
)
使厌烦，大家都熟悉的“生孩子”应该是
give birth
to,
这里课本
里最常用的短语了。相信大家都学过了。所以今
天班班要教给大家一个新表达啦
: bear a
baby/child,
bear
这
里不是
熊
的意
思，而是
生产
的意思。注意过去式是
bore
，过去分
词是
borne
。
19.
Littl
e boy’s big
idea
The Intellectual
Property Owner Association (IPO) is running a
project to encourage young
inventors.
Samuel Houghton, a five-year-old boy has become
the youngest
Briton (Britain
英
国；
Briton
英国人
)
to
hold
a
patent
after
watching
his
father
struggling
in
the
garden.
Samuel developed a garden tool after
watching his father Mark used two brushes to sweep
up
leaves
outside
their
house.
His
father
used
a
large
brush
to
gather
leaves
and
small
branches, and then got
a small brush to pick up what was left. Samuel
came up with the idea
for
a
labor-saving
tool,
which
has
been
patented
and
named
the
Improved
Broom.
It
is
a
simple idea that combines two ordinary
brooms with different-sized
bristles
猪鬃刷
;
刷子
毛
and
brush-heads
刷头
to enable
different-sized dirt to be swept up more
efficiently. The
small one gets the
first bits and the one at the back gets those left
behind, Samuel explains.
The IPO says
that Samuel is its youngest known patent holder.
20.
Cultural
differences
Meeting
people
from
another
culture
can
be
difficult.
Different
cultures
emphasize
the
importance of
relationship building to a greater or lesser
degree. For example, business in
some
countries is not possible until there is a
relationship of trust. Even with people at work,
it is necessary to spend a lot of time
in
寒暄
;
闲谈
;
聊天
, usually over a glass of
tea, before they do any job. In many
European countries
—
like the
UK or France
—
people find
it easier to build up a lasting working
relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than
at the
office.
Even
within
Northern
Europe,
cultural
differences
can
cause
serious
problems.
Certainly, English
and German cultures share similar value; however,
Germans prefer to get
down to business
more quickly. We think that they are rude. In
fact, this is just because one
culture
starts discussions and makes decision more
quickly.
21.
Stress
Stress is what you
feel when you react to pressure, either from the
outside world or from
inside
yourself.
Stress
is
a
normal
reaction
for
people
of
all
ages.
Most
people
think
that
pressure is always a bad thing. In
fact, a little bit of stress is good. Without
stress, most of us
couldn’t
push
ourselves
to
do
well,
especially
in
difficult
things.
People
usually
complain
about feeling
pressed for time when they are under certain
pressure. It is true that you can’
t
always control the things that are
stressing you out, but you can control how you
react to
them.
The
way
you
feel
about
things
results
from
the
way
you
think
about
things.
If
you
change how you think,
you can change the way you feel. Try the following
tips to deal with
your stress: Make a
list of the things that are causing your stress.
Give yourself an excuse.
Don't promise
to do things you can't do or don't want to do.
Find someone to talk to.
22.
Love is a telephone
Love is
a telephone which is always silent when you are
hoping for a call, but rings when you
are not ready for it. As a result, we
often miss the love coming from the other end.
Love is a
telephone
which
is
seldom
program-controlled
or
directly
dialed.
You
cannot
get
an
immediate answer with a
simple
―
hello
‖
, let alone go deep into your
lover
’
s heart with
one call. Usually it has to be relayed
by an operator, and you have to wait patiently.
Love is a
telephone
that
is
always
busy.
When you
are
ready
to dial
for
love,
you
only
find,
to
your
disappointment, the line is already
being used by someone else. Love is a telephone,
but it is
difficult to know when to
dial. You will miss the opportunity if your call
is either too early or
too late.
23.
Jealousy
The experience of jealousy varies
enormously from age to age, from culture to
culture, from
couple to couple, from
person to person and can be different within the
same person from
time to time. In the
US, there has been a change of attitude toward
jealousy in recent years.
Normal
jealousy which has been seen as an inevitable
accompaniment of love and support of
marriage, has come to be seen by some
as evidence of personal insecurity and weakness in
the relationship, and therefore a
threat to the partnership. Most jealous flashes
come from
feeling
left
out
of
an
activity
involving
your
partner
and
another
person
or
other
people.
When your partner pays attention to
another, you first reaction is to note that they
are in
and
you
are
out.
You feel
excluded,
ignored,
unappreciated.
This
kind
of experience
is
not
uncommon.
And dealing with it gracefully is part of the
etiquette of our time.
24.
Difference between radio and TV
announcers
When television first began
to expand, very few of the people who had become
famous as
radio announcers were able to
be equally effective on television. Some of the
difficulties they
experienced when they
were trying to adjust themselves to the new medium
were technical.
When
working
on
radio
for
example,
they
had
become
used
to
seeing
on
behalf
of
the
listener.
This art of seeing for others means that the
announcer has to be very good at talking.
In
the
case
of
TV,
however,
the
announcer
sees
everything
with
the
viewer.
His
duty
therefore is completely different. He
is there to make sure tha
t the viewer
doesn’t miss any
point
of
interest,
to
help
him
focus
on
particular
things,
and
to
help
him
understand
the
images on the TV screen.
Unlike his radio colleagues, he must know the
value of silence and
know how to use it
at those moments when the pictures speak for
themselves.
25.
The African elephant
The
African elephant, the largest land animal
remaining on earth, is of great importance to
African ecosystem. As a big plant-
eater, it largely shapes the forest and
Savanna
(
通常指非洲
的
)
热带稀树草原
surrounding in which
it lives, setting the terms of existence for
millions of
other
animals
that
live
in
its
habitat.
It
is
the
animal’s
great
desire
for
food
that
makes
it
disturber of the
environment and important builder of its habitat.
In the continuous search
for the 300
pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills
small trees and
under-
bushes
树
林下的草丛
and
pushes
branches
off
big
trees.
This
results
in
numerous
open
spaces
in
both
deep
tropical
forests
and
in
the
woodlands
树林
;
林地
;
林区
that
cover
part
of
the
African
Savanna.
What
worries
scientists
now
is
that
the
African
elephant
has
become
an
endangered species. If the elephant
disappears, scientist say, many other animals,
will also
disappear from vast area of
forests and Savana, greatly changing and worsening
the whole
ecosystem.
26.
Operations on
the brain
It is difficult for doctors
to help a person with a damaged brain. Without
enough blood, the
brain lives only 3 to
5 minutes. Dr. White thinks doctors should try to
make the brain very
cold. If it is very
cold, the brain can live without blood for 30
minutes. This gives the doctors a
longer time to do something for the
brain. Dr. White tried his ideas on 13 monkeys.
First, he
taught them to do different
jobs.
Then he operated on them. He made
the monkey’s blood
go through a machine
which cooled the blood and then
sent
the blood back to the monkey’s
brains.
When
the
brain
temperature
was
50
degrees
(Fahrenheit)
,
Dr.
White
stopped
the