精益八大浪费(英文)

8 Forms of Wastes In Lean Thinking

1.1 Definition the waste

In the supply chain, any link that does not add value to the customer is a waste.

Waste only adds to time and cost.

1.2

8 forms in manufacturing

Type of waste

What is it?

Examples

? Information sent automatically even

when not required

? Printing documents before they are

required

?

work in process to balance the

capacity

Remark

Over-

production

Produce more than the

planning demands,

Defects

Errors, mistakes

and rework

?

the quality can

’

t meet the customer

’

s

requirement;

?

the goods be reworked for its defects

?

scraped products

Inventory

?

products manufactured before

demands;

Holding inventory (material

?

purchase more then demand every

and information) more than

time for reduce the purchasing cost;

required

?

material and tools purchased before

demand;

Over-

Processing

?

do more then the customer

’

s quality

requirement, such as apply the higher

precision machine manufacture the

products;

?

do more support thing then the quality

need, such as design more tools to

Processing more than

ensure the quality then need;

required where in a simple

? Follow

-ups and costs associated with

approach would have done

coordination

? Too many approvals

?

too much needn

’

t paperwork, such as

different forms reports for the same

thing; report to the person he needn

’

t

know;

?

all the material flow from the supplier

to the customer;

?

flow back in the transport;

? M

ultiple hand- offs

?

transport more frequent between the

different locations;

All the movements in the

Transportation

manufacture and transport

to the customer

Waiting

? Customers waiting to be served by a

contact center

? Queue

before the production;

Employees and customers

?

for the capacity in different process

waiting ,the equipments

links, waiting for the bottleneck

also;

working;

?

operators, even the whole line waiting

to wok for some machine break down

?

The equipments waiting running;

Motion

?

needn

’

t parts and body movement;

?

the motions don

’

t balance between

Movement of operator that

right and left;

does not add value

?

the information transfer in incorrect

form, to reduce the eyes

’

workloads

the information can be transfer by ears;

? Limited authority and responsibi

lity

? Managers common

? Person put on a wrong job

?

make the bad production planning

lead to many waste happen;

?

employees not leveraged to their own

potential

management

The waste occur for the

sad management

1.3 The summery