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英语学科辅导讲义
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年
级:
9
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辅导科目:
英语
学科教师:
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教学目标
掌握中考易错点的短语,语法,并熟练运用。
中考易错点辨析(三)
教学内容
【知识积累】
常用词形词义辨析
1.
abroad
到国外
go
abroad
board
板
on
board
2.
across
介词,表面穿过
walk across the road
cross
动词
cross the road
through
介词,空间穿过
go through the window
past
介词,经过
walk past the post office
pass
动词
pass the test
3.
alive
活着的
I am still
alive.
live
现场直播
is covered live
居住
live in the
city
lively
活泼的
make his class lively and interesting
living : make a living/ a living room
4.
lonely
孤独
feel lonely
孤零零
a lonely
house
alone
独自
live alone
along
沿着
walk along the street
5.
asleep
睡着的
fall asleep
sleepy
困倦的
feel
sleepy
6.
fall
落下,倒
fall down
fell
:<
/p>
fall
的过去式
(fall
—
fell---
fallen)
feel
觉得
feel
sleepy/tired---
过去式
felt
7.
badly---worse
Jim acted badly, but Tom did worse.
well
—
better
He plays football well and
his father does better.
8.
boring,
interesting, exciting,
tiring…
修饰物
an
interesting story
bored, interested,
excited,
tir
ed…
修饰人
feel bored
9.
borrow
借进(以句子主语为参照物)
May I borrow
your pen?
lend
借出(以句子主语为参照物)
Could you lend
me some money?
keep
借一段时间
How long
can I keep the magazine?
10.
both
两者都
Both of his parents are workers.
all
三者以上都
All of my classmates are from China.
neither
两者都不
Neither of my hands is clean.
none
没有一个(三者及以上)
None of the
four apples is/are red.
nothing
什么都没有
There’s nothing in the
fridge.
11.
care
:
take care of
careful
形,仔细的
be careful with fire
carefully
副,仔细地
listen carefully
careless
形,粗心的
a careless
student
carelessly
副,粗心地
drive carelessly
carelessness
名,粗心
Your carelessness led to the mistake.
12.
take
带走(以说话者为中心)
remember to take
a raincoat
bring
带来(以说话者为中心)
bring your book
here
carry
拿,无方向
Could you help me carry the books?
13.
close
动词,关闭
close
the door
形,亲密的
my
closest friend
closed
形,关着的
keep the
door closed
closely
副,密切地
work
closely with us
14.
brave
形,勇敢的
He is brave
enough to save the old man.
courage
名,勇气
have the courage to tell
him the bad news
bravely
副,勇敢地
face the
difficulties bravely
15.
dead
形,死的
have been
dead
die
动,死亡
die of hunger
death
名,死亡
the death of
his pet makes him so sad.
16.
especially
副,尤其
He is good at all subjects, especially
maths.
specially
副,专门
The pen is
specially designed for the boy.
special
形,特殊的
a special day
17.
except
除了
All the
students except Tom will go for a school trip.
expect
期待
You are
expected to bring it back when you return.
18.
e
xcited
形,激动的,修饰人
feel excited
exciting
形,激动人心的,修饰物
an exciting film
excitedly
副,修饰人
shouted excitedly
excitement
名
shout
with excitement
19.
a
little
一些,修饰不可数名词
a little money
a
few
一些,修饰可数名词
a
few trees
little
几乎没有,修饰不可数名词
There’s little water in the
glass, is it?
few
几乎没有,修饰可数名词
so few students
20.
form
形成
form a good
reading habit
from
从
……
21.
France
法国
/ French
法语
German
德国的
/ Germany
德国
22.
hard
努力
work hard
hardly
几乎不
The boy hardly does his homework.
23.
healthy
健康的
keep healthy
health
健康
it’s good for your health
healthily
健康地
eat healthily
24.
if
如果
主将从现
If he comes,
I’ll call you.
是否
I
don’t know if he will come here.
whether
是否
(如与
or
连用,则用)
I
wonder whether he’ll come or not.
weather
天气
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
25.
include
动词
包括
The list includes the
names of many famous writers.
including
介词
They have many
pets, including three cats.
26.
invent
动词
发明
Edison invented a lot of things.
invention
名词
发明
The invention
made much difference to humans.
inventor
名词
发明者
Edison was a
great inventor.
27.
last
上一个的
last year;
最后的
make her last
appearance
动词,持续
The meeting
will last one and a half hours.
lasting
形,持久的
a lasting
value
28.
lie
名词,谎言
tell a lie
动词,说谎
He is
always lying to us.
动词,位于
Japan lies to the east
of China.
动词,躺,平放
He likes
lying on the grass.
躺,平放;位于
:
lie
—
lay---lain
说谎:
lie-lied-lied
29.
luck
名,运气
good luck
lucky
形,幸运的
a lucky number
luckily
副,幸运的是
Luckily, we got better marks.
unlucky/unluckily
30.
noise
名,噪音
Don’t make an
y
noise.
noisy
形,吵闹的
much too
noisy
noisily
副,吵闹地
talk
noisily
31.
noise
噪音
sound
声音
We sat
listening to the sound of the waves
听起来
The music
sounds beautiful.
voice
嗓音
The singer has
a sweet voice.
32.
provide
提供
provide a
chance for the boy=provide the boy with a chance
offer :offer a chance to the boy=offer
the boy a chance
33.
other
别的
,加名词
other
students
another
另一个
I don’t like the pair of shoes, would
you like to show me another pair?
the other
两个中的另一个
,
常用
one…the other Here is a
shoe, where’s the other one?
others= other+
名词
34.
over/ under
年龄的上下
above/
below
温度,楼层的上下
35.
peace
名词,和平
love peace
peaceful
形,宁静的
a peaceful village
peacefully
副,和平地
we hope to solve the problem
peacefully.
36.
pleasure
名,乐意。对方请求帮助
—
With pleasure.
帮助后对方感谢
—My pleasure./ It’s
my pleasure.
pleasant
形,
修饰物
a pleasant trip
pleased
形,修饰人
I am pleased with the robot.
37.
pollute
动,污染
The water will be polluted if you do
that.
polluted
形,被污染的
Our planet is becoming more and more
polluted and crowded.
pollution
名,污染
noise
pollution
38.
quiet
安静的
keep quiet
quite
相当
quite quiet
39.
receive
收到
accept
接受
I received a valuable gift but I didn’t
accept it because of its value.
40.
realize
实现,主语为人
I am sure you will realize your dream.
come true
实现,
主语为物
I hope your
dream will come true.
41.
raise
升起,及物动词,后面必须跟宾语
raise your hand/ raise the national
flag( raise
—
raised
—
raised)
rise
不及物
动词,后面不可以跟宾语
the sun rises,
the price rises, the water level rises(
rise
—
rose---risen)
42.
sad
形,悲伤的
too
sad to say a
word
sadness
名
,悲伤
share your
joy and sadness
sadly
副,遗憾的是
Sadly, few people were saved.
43.
safe
形,安全的
a safe place
safety
名,安全
Safety comes first.
safely
副,安全地
The plane landed safely.
save
动,挽救
save money, save his life
44.
satisfied
形,满意的
I am not
satisfied with the machine at all.
satisfy
动,满足
satisfy your need
45.
search
搜索(范围)
search for
(目标)
The police are searching
the city for the murderer.
46.
serve
动
,
服务
serve the old couple politely
service
名
I will never forget its good service./
be in service
47.
smile
名,微笑
wear a big smile on her face
动
smile at me kindly
smiling
形,微笑的
Her smiling
eyes make her loved by all the people.
48.
succeed
动,成功
At last, he succeeded in
winning the first prize.
success
名,成功
It turned out that her
speech was a big success.
successful
形,成功的
I’m sure that you’ll be
successful.
successfully
副,成功地
At last, he won the first
prize successfully.
49.
take
< br>花费(时间)
,
主语是物
How long does it take you to fly to
Chengdu?
spend
花费时间或金钱,主语为人
He spent 10,000
yuan on the bike.
I spend an hour reading every day.
cost
花费金钱,主语为物
The flat cost me 1,000,000 yuan.
pay
花费金钱,主语为人
They
pay 100 yuan for the shoes.
50.
though
虽然
I take my
medicine, though I do not like it.
thought
想的过去式
I've thought about it for some time.
想法
Her thought
isn’t the same as mine.
through
(从空间)通过
the light shines
through the sharp teeth
51.
wide
形,宽的
The river is
300 meters wide.
副,充分地
open his eyes wide
widely
副,广泛地
English is
widely used all over the world.
52.
hope
希望
hope to do;
实现的可
能性大
;
不可用
hope sb.
to do,
可改用
hope
从句结构
I hope to go
to college.
My father hopes that I can
go to college.
wish
希望,
可用
wish sb. to
do;
实现的可能性不大,
所以从句用虚拟语气
I wish I could get rid of the habit of
smoking.
53.
worry
名,
担忧
share your worries with me
动,担忧
Don’t worry
about your exams.
worried
形,担心的
I am so worried about his health that I
can’t sleep well.
54.
have sb. do
sth.
让某人做某事,类似于
make sb.
do:
Will you like to have him call you
back ?
have sth done
请人做
Her father
had the book punished.
have sth to do
有
……
要做
I have too much homework to
do today.
have done sth
做了某事
I have
finished all my homework now.
【课堂练习】
I.
选择题。
1. The
doctor came______ our eyes.
A. to examine
B. for
examining
C. as
to examine
D. examining
2. Our teacher always makes us _______
hard.
A. to
work
B. work
C.
working
D. worked
3.
_______ our classroom once a week is necessary
A. Cleaning
B.
Clean
C. Cleaned
D. To clean
4. _______ is our duty ______ good
service to customers
A. That, to give
B. This, giving
C.
It, to give
D. It, giving
5. It took
years______ the highrise.
A. for our building
B. for us in building
C. to build
D. building
6.
Their wish is _____ a house of their own.
A. to have
B. for having
C.
have
D. of having
7. The teacher agreed _____ us_____ the
test papers home.
A. to let, take
B. to let, to take
C. letting, take
D. let, take
8. When he saw I was in a hurry, he
offered _______ me his bicycle.
A. lending
B. lent
C. to lend
D.
in lending
9. I don't
like_______ people _________about their
neighbours.
A. hear, talking
B. to hear, talking
C. to hear, to talk
D. hearing,
talked
10.
I haven't decided ________
A. to take which train
B. which to take a train
C. which train to take
D. which train
taken
11.
You must remember____ me a phone call
as soon as you get there.
A. giving
B.
to give
C. gave
D.
give
12.
Professor Brown
taught his students______ English, and he learned
______Chinese from them.
A. how to speak, speaking
B.
how to speak,
to speak
C.
how
speaking, speaking
D. how speak, to speak
13.
—
Sorry, I forgot_________ you that the
party wouldn't be held tonight.
—
That's all right.
Mary has told me about it.
A.
telling
B. I told
C. told
D.
to tell
14.
I wonder_________ him or
not.
A.
if
invite
B.
whether to invite
C
to invite
D.
if to invite
15.
I hope_________ yourself.
A. you to manage
B. for you to manage
C. you
managing
D.
that you can manage
16.
—
Would you like
________you the way there?
—
It's kind of you. Thank
you.
A.
me
showing
B. that I show
C.
me show
D.
me to show
17.
The old man said that he'd prefer
alone in the country rather than live
with his son in the city.
A. living
B.
to live
C.
that he lives
D.
for him to live
18.
I know Alice very well.
I have seen her ____ up
from childhood.
A.
grow
B.
grew
C. was growing
D.
to grow
19.
Since nobody told her______, she came
to our help.
A.
what she did
B.
to do what
C. what to do
D.
what she to do
20.
My aunt showed
me _____.
A. how to make a dress
B.
how a dress be made
C.
how making a dress
D.
how a dress made
21.
After she finished the
exercises in the textbook,
she tried______ more exercises______ .
A.
to find, to
do
B. finding, to
do
C.
to find, she did
D.
finding, done
22.
The policeman told Smith
______after drinking.
A.
to not drive
B.
not driving
C.
not drive
D.
not to drive
23.
Tom kept quiet
about his mistake_____ lose his job.
A.
so not as to
B.
so as not to
C.
so as to not
D.
not so as to
24.
Pat should love
______ little Jim to the theatre this evening.
A.
to take
B.
taking
C.
that he would take
D. for him to
take