-
NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH BOOK 2
practice :
训练
,
progress :
进步
If
you practice more, then you can make great
progress.
五项综合训练技能
listening :
听力
speaking :
说话
grammar :
语法
writing :
写作
reading :
阅读
translation :
译
knowledge +skills
Lesson 1
a private con-versation
★
New
Words and Expressions
☆
private
adj.
私人的
如果妈妈想看你的信，你可以说：
It's my
private letter.
如果陌生人想进你的房子，你可以说：
It's my
private house.
private life
私生活
由此引申出
privacy
n.
隐私
新东方是
private school
（私立学校）
，
与此相反，
公立学校
是
public school.
所以，
private
的反义词是
public.
公众；
public letter
公开信；
public place
公共场所
private
还有一个值得注意的意思：普通的。
如：
private citizen
普通公民；
private soldier
大兵
我们熟悉的《拯救大兵瑞恩》就是《
Private
Ryan
》
☆
conversation
n.
谈话
have a +
talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip
名词变动词
subject of
conversation
话题。
（天气是英国人最喜爱的话题）
They are having a conversation.
几种谈话：
talk
内容可以正式，也可以私人
Let’s have a talk.
conversation
一般用于正式文体中，内容上往往不正式
dialogue
对话，可以指正式国家与国家会谈。
and Korea are having a dialogue.
chat <
/p>
闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”
，说的是无关紧要的事。
gossip
嚼舌头，说长道短
用法：
have a +...
☆
theatre
n.
剧场，戏剧
[
记忆
]cinema
电影院
☆
seat
n.
座位
这个词很重要，考试常考。
have
a good seat,
这里的
seat
指
place
，而不是
chair
。
1
take a seat/take your seat
坐下来，就坐
下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见：
Is
the
seat
taken?
这个位置有人
吗？
请坐的
3
种说法：
Sit
down,please.
（命令性）
take your seat,please.
Be
seated,please.
（更礼貌）
< br>考点：作为动词的
seat
与
s
it
的区别
sit--vi;
seat--vt
seat sb
让某人就坐
When all
those present___he began his lecture.
（<
/p>
D
）
（重点题）
seated
A,B
改为
sat
就对了
☆
angry
adj.
生气的
cross=angry
☆
attention
n.
注意
Attention,please.
pay
attention
注意
pay
attention to
对……注意
pay a little/much/more/no attention
☆
bear
（
bor
e,boren
）
v.
容忍
忍
受的几种说法：
bear,stand,endure,put up with
bear->stand->endure
忍受的极限在扩大
put up
with=bear=stand
bear
n.
熊
give sb a bear hug
给某人热情（热烈）的拥抱
☆
business
n.
事，生意
business
man
生意人
do
business
做生意
go
to some place on business
因公出差
business:
某人自己的私人的事情
thing
：可以指事情，也可以指东西
★
Text
Last
week,I
went
to
the
theatre.I
had
a
very
good
play
was
very
interesting.I didn't
enjoy it.A
young man and a young woman
were sitting
behind
were
talking
loudly.I
got
very
angry.I
could
not
hear
the
actors.I
turned
round.I
looked
at
the
man
and
the
woman
didnot pay
any the end,I couldnot bear it.I turned round
again.
can't hear a word.
said
rudely.
☆
go to
the+
地点：表示去某地干嘛
go
to the cinema=see a film
go to the +
人
+'s:
表示去这个人开的店
go to the doctor's
去看病
go to the butcher's
买肉
go to the
dairy
（奶品店）
go to
+
地点：去某地做相关的事
go
to school
去上学；
go
to church
去做礼拜；
go to hospital
去看病
go
home
回家休息
[
注
]
跟
home
相连一定表示没有事情可做，休闲
☆
enjoy
enjoy
oneself
玩得开心
enjoy+sth
喜欢（从中得到一种享受）
（后面不能加人）
I enjoy
the music/book/dinner/film/program.
☆过去进行时态：过去的某个时间正在发生的动作
一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述。
girl was reading a book in the
garden.A boy came to her.
☆
got
变得
I am/was
angry.
（是个事实）
I
got angry.
（强调变化过程）
got
取代
be
动词。
got
是半联系动词，可以直接加形容词。
☆说话的时候喜欢用缩略：
I'm not,he
isn't,they aren't
写的时候会说：
I
am not,he is not,they are not
☆
< br>hear
：听见
hear+
人：听见某人的话
I couldn't hear your pardon?
I couldn't hear a
word.
（夸张）
I
couldn't catch your words.
a word
等于一句话
didn't say
a word.
May I speak to Jim?=May I have
a word with Jim?
Lesson 2 Breakfast or
lunch
★
New words and
expressions
☆
until
prep.
直到
后面加（时间状语）从句，前面就是主句
区分“直到……才”
（
not unt
il
）和“直到……为止”
（
unti
l
）的方法：
把
until
作为时间终止线。从句的时间终点之前，这个动作做了还是没
做？
做了——肯定；没做——否定。
eg:For he___until it stopped raining.
't wait
（
A
）
. 't leave
（
C
）
☆
outside
adv.
外面（作状语）
eg:He
is waiting for me outside.
☆
ring
（
rang,rung
）
v.
（铃、电话等）响
[
注
]
这种响是刺耳的，往
往是提醒人做某事
如：
The
telephone/door bell is ringing.
而风铃等响要用
jingle
jingle
（
bell
< br>）
:
（铃儿）响叮当
v.
给某人打电话：
ring sb
2
n.
打电话：
give sb a
ring
Remember to ring
me.=Remember to give me a ring.
n.
戒指
☆
aunt
n.
姑，姨，婶，舅母
所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼
与此相同，男性则是
uncle
他们
的孩子：
cousin
：堂兄妹（不分男女）
< br>
cousin
的孩子：
nep
hew
：外甥，
niece
：外甥女<
/p>
[
记：
“捏死”
]
★
Text
It was
Sunday.I never get up early on Sundays.I sometimes
stay in bed until
lunch Sunday,I got
up very late.I looked out of the was
dark
outside.
a
day!
's
raining
then,the
telephone was my aunt
Lucy.
coming
to
see
you.
I'm
still
having
brea
kfast.
said.
are
you
doing?
asked.<
/p>
having
breakfast.
r
epeated.
me!
said.
☆
look out of
out
of
是固定搭配
☆感叹句
What+a/an+ad
j+n+
主语
+
谓语
< br>
省略：
1.
主、谓随时可省<
/p>
eg:What a good girl
（
she
is
）
!
2.
省形容词
[
注
]
有上下文和一定的语境，才能
省略形容词。不能给对方造成误解。
如本文的
What
a
day!
根据上下文的
It
was
dark
outside.
和
It's
raining
again
.
可以推断出省略的是
terrible.
☆
It was my aunt Lucy.
如果不知道对方性别时，可以用
it
取代。
如有人敲门，可以问：
Who is it?
☆
by train
by
直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词、复数）
如
果加修饰词，就要换掉
by
，用
in<
/p>
或
on
I go out by
bus.
若是两辆：
I go out in/on two
buses.
☆
I'm coming to see
you.
我将要来看你。
用
come
的现在进行时态
be
coming
表示一般将来
同样的用
法还有：
go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,
start,return,join...
前
4
个一定要记住
☆天哪！英国人说
Dear
me!
或
My dear!
美国人说：
My god!
（
o
发啊的音）
★
Key
strucrures
关键句型
本课的重点句型是现在进行和一般现在。
now
：现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）
often
，
always
：一般现在时
一般现在时，
是一种习惯、
真理，
是过去、
现在和未来都会发生的事情。
频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后。
如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词，要放在两个之间。
疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。
非
实义动词：
1.
系动词（
be
）
2.
助动词：帮助
动词构成时态的（
do,does,will,shall,have,had,has
）
3.
情态
动词（
must,can,may
）
除此之外都是实义动词。
Lesson 3 Please send me a card
★
New words and expressions
☆
send
v.
寄
寄信：
send a letter
用法：
send sth to sb/send sb
sth
类似的用法还有
give,take,pass,re
ad,sell...
send/take children to school
区别：
take
：强调某人亲自送；<
/p>
send
则是通过第三人去送，如美国
的校车
本课重点：双宾语
双宾语指直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（表示动作目标）
如在
give sb sth
中，
sb
是间接宾语，
sth
< br>是直接宾语
如果不是为了以后讲语法，
不用分清什么是间接宾语，
什么是直接宾语，
只需把用
法记住即可。
间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加
to
（对……而做，翻译为“给”
）或
for
（为……而做，翻译为“替”
）
可以翻译为“给”
，
“替”
，
“为”的，就用
for
；如果只能翻译为“给”
就以用
to
give a book to me;I buy a book for you.
总结：用
for
的词：
buy,order,make,find
Do me a favor
please.=Do a favor for me.
☆
postcard
n.
明信片
[
注意
]/t/
和
/k/
前者失去爆破音
简写为
c
ard
，由此引申出：
namecard/visiting
card:
名片
ID
card:
身份证
credit
card:
信用卡
cash
card
☆
spoil
（
spoiled or spoilt
）
v.
使索然无味，损坏（重点词）
几种破坏：
打破玻璃用
break
；
damag
e:
破坏，但是程度不一定很重；
destroy
：破坏，彻底摧毁；
以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而
spoil
主要指精神上
spoil:
把东
西的质量变得不好了；生活中不顺心的事。
1.
宠坏。
His parents
spoiled the boy.
3
2.
毁了某人心情。
His
arrival spoiled my holiday.
☆
museum
n.
博物馆
那么多博物馆一定要记住我们的
Palace
Museum
（故宫）哦
☆
public
adj.
公共的
这个词我们在第一课
见过了，基本用法和
private
一起记。下面再说两
点：
house
简称
pub
：酒吧
public:
公开的；
in
private:
私下里的
☆
friendly
adj.
友好的
以
< br>-ly
结尾是形容词，同样的还有
lovely
friendly
单独用，一般做宾语来用
作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语
in a
friendly way
☆
waiter
n.
服务员，招待员
waiter<
/p>
（男服务员）
，
waitress
（女服务员）
，只出现在餐馆里
领班：
chief waiter
商店里的店员：
shop assistant
其他公共场所的服务员
:attendant
☆
lend
v.
借给
lend to
借进：
borrow borrow from
☆
decision
n.
决定
make a
big/great decision
☆
whole
adj.
整个的
the
whole...
all the...
all
of
后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修饰词
一旦要加名词，前面一定要加
the
all of us;all of the students
★
Text
Postcards
always spoil my summer,I went to Italy.I visited
the
museums and sat in public gardens.A
friendly waiter taught me a few words
of he lent me a book.I read a few
lines.I did not understand a
ay
I
thought
about
the
last
day,I
made
a
big
decision.I got up early
and bought thiry-seven cards.I spent the whole day
in
my room,but I did not write a single
card!
☆语言不可数，所以要用
a little
Italian
或
a few words of
Italian
☆
think about/of
考虑，思考，
think
of
还可指想到
think
over:
仔细考虑
What do
you think of the weather today?
冷：
cold,chilly
（凛冽）
，
freeze:I'll freeze.
（冻僵）
☆
last summer
里的
last
表示“上一个”
the
last
day
里的
last
表示“最后一个”
< br>，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词
the
，这时前面要加介
词
☆
spend+
< br>时间
+
地点
eg:I spent three hours in the sea.
I spend a lot of time in traffic
jam.
（交通堵塞）
Lesson
4 An exciting trip
★
New
words and expressions
☆
exciting
adj.
令人兴奋的
激动
->d ,exciting
-
ed:
自己感到；
-ing
：令人感到
如：
interesting:
令人感到有趣的；
interested
：
感到有意思的
动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到……
eg:The news excited me.
Rhe
book interests me.
☆
receive
v.
接受，收到
3
个接受：
accept:
同意接收，主观上乐意
receive
（与
have
通用）
：客观的收到
receive/have a letter from sb
eg:This morning I received a bunch of
flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept
it.
take:
接受，与前两词无
可比性，只需记住两个搭配：
take the
exam;take advice
☆
firm
n.
商行，公司
等同于
company
☆
abroad
adv.
在国外
注意是个副词，直接和动词连用，不需要介词
go/live/study abroad
★
Text
I have just
received a letter from my brother Tim He is in
has
been there for six is an is
working for a big firm
and he has
already visited a great number of different places
in
ha just bought an Australian car
and has gone to Alice Springs,a small town
in the centre of will soon visit
there,he will fly to
brother
has
never
benn
abroad
before,so
he
is
finding
this
trip
very exciting.
☆
have been+in
地点
他已经到北京了：
He has arrived in
Beijing.
他到北京一年了，就不能用
arrive<
/p>
了。因为
arrive
是表示点的动词，
不
能和段时间连用。所以用我们的新句型：
have been
in
地点
He has been
in Beijing for one year.
☆
work in
强调工作的地点
work for
强调
work
，不是在游逛，是在工作
☆
a great number
of
后面一定要加可数名词复数
a
lot of
可加可数名词也可加不可数名词
它们是约等于的关系
I have
a lot of/a great number of friends.
I
have a lot of time.
中的
a lot
of
就不能替换为
a great number
of
了
4
☆
have gone to
:
去了某地没回来
have
been to :
曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方
☆
from
there:
从那地方起
from
既可以加时间又可以加地点
eg:from half past 8 to half past 11
from Beijing to Tianjin
☆
fly to Perth=go to Perth by
air
☆
before
用在句子的末
尾是副词，翻译为“在此之前”
，是现在完成时
态的标志。
☆
find+
宾
语
+
形容词做宾补
find trip exciting;find the room clean
注意，在本句中用的是
find
的进行
时态。
在收听外台的广播中经常能听到
find
不用一般式，而用进行式。
eg:We're finding the program very
exciting.
在写的时候用一般式，口语就用进行式
下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态：
believe
doubt
see
hear
know
understand
belong
think
consider
feel
look
seem
show mind have sound taste require possess care
like hate love detest
desire
★第
3
课关键句型：一般过去式。
第
4
课关键句型：现在完成式。
第
5
课将总结一般
过去式和现在完成式的相同点、
不同点，
用的时候要
注意声明。
下面的几个词已出现就标志着完成式
：
just,before,already
Lesson
5 No wrong numbers
★
New
words and expressions
☆
pigeon
n.
鸽子
口语里常说：
It's not my
pigeon.=None of my
business.
这不是我的过错
☆
message
n.
信息（可数名词）
information
信息（不可数名词）
leave
sb a message:
给……留便条
I'll leave you a message.
take a message for
sb:
替……捎口信
此句在电话里非常常用，如果你要找的人不在，对方会说：
Can I take a message for you?
或者你可以说：
Can you take a
message for me?
☆
cover
v.
越过
cover+
距离：越过
cover the distance
☆
distance
n.
距离
adj:distant
以
-ce
结尾的名词，形容词一般以<
/p>
-t
结尾
如：
importance--
important;difference--different
keep
distance:
保持距离
中国人
往往喜欢和人靠的很近，
而英国人喜欢保持一定距离，
他们认为
自己周围的一切，
包括空气都是自己的。
所以在餐厅吃饭，
想和英国人
坐一桌，应该先问：
Can I join you?
或
Can I
share this
table?
而不要直接
去坐。
☆
request
n.
要求，请求
request
for:
对……有请求，需求
I
have a request for the cake.
t sb to do
sth=ask sb to do sth:
要求某人做……
在口语中用
require sb to do sth
外国人喜欢用被动：
You're
required/asked to do...
☆
spare part
备件
☆
service
n.
业务，服务
（
I'm glad to
be
）
At your service.
我很乐意为您效劳。
[
总结
]
对
Thank
you.
的回答：
-That's
all right./That' OK.
绝对正确，绝对过时。只有老人还用，已渐
渐
背遗忘。
-You are
welcome./Not at all./
（
It's
）
My pleasure./At your service.
在演讲讲座的结尾，演讲者会说：
Thank you for
your listening.
此时以上
回答都不准确，回应
是报以热烈的掌声。
如果一个老外给你说
Thank you.
你一激动想不起怎么回答，
最聪明的回
答就是：
No thanks.
同样对
sorry
可以回答：
No sorry.
★
Text
Mr James
Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just
bought another
garage
in
rst
is
only
five
miles
from
Silbury,but
Mr
Scott
cannot
get
a
telephone
for
his
new
garage,so
he
has
just
bought
twelve
day,a
pigeon
carried
the
first
message
from
Pinhurst
to
bird
covered the distance the first three to now,Mr
Scott
has
sent
a
great
many
requests
for
spare
parts
and
other
urgent
messages
from
one
garage
to
the
this
way,he
has
begun
his
own
private 'telephone'
service.
☆
another:
其它中的一个（
+
单数名词）
other
（
adj
）
+n
（可为单数或复数）
其它的
other
people/books
the
other:
两个之中的另外一个（直接用，后面什么也不加）
句型：
One...the other...
eg:I have two is watering the
flowers,and the other is reading.
others=other+
名词复数
句型：
Some...others...
eg:Some boys are playing football,and
others are rowing/going boating.
结合课后选择
题（
8
）
Mr Scott has a garage in ___garage is
in Pinhurst.
r ent
C
错。
else:
其它的。
e
lse
会放在被修饰词的后面。
它只
能修饰两种词：
1.
疑问代词：
who
else,what else;2.
不定代词：
anyone
else,anything else.
5
D
错。
A<
/p>
和
B
语法上都对，但
A
不好。
原因：
/a
是冠词；
his/my/your
是形容词性物主代词；
my mother's
是
名词所有格。
在语法上，
以上三个词是不能
同时并存的，
一般要用只能
用其中一个。
所以
his
和
another=an+other
不同时出现。
在这里可以用但是用的不好，是因为语法的范围正在放宽松。
r
强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个，强调的是有三个以<
/p>
上。
加单数就
表示一个，
his
取代
the
的位置。
☆距离的表达方式
:Pinhurst is five mi
les
（
away
）
< br>（
from
Silbury
）
.
Bus
stop is only one mile
（
from
school/here
）
.
对距离提问：
How far...?
How far
（
away
）
is the bus stop?
☆
get a
telephone:
安装电话
☆<
/p>
carry:
带着，携着，意味着这个东西不会落地
I carry the bag.
take
则是着地：
I take
my sister to the cinema.
☆
a
great many=a great number of
（
+
可数名词复数）
许多
a lot of
太简单了，把它放到一边吧，有舍才有得：
）
☆关于
way
的几个短语：
※
in this
way:
这样，以这种方式
in a
friendly way
※
by the way:
顺便说以声（口语开头，用来转移话题，或使很严肃的问
题变得较随意
）
※
on the way
（
to
）
:
在去……的途中（陈述句）
on the
way to school/the office;on the way home
※
in a
way:
从某种意义上来说
In a
way,you are kind.
※
in the
way:
1.
挡路：
Sorry,you
are in the
way.
但一般不需要说，只要说
Excuse
me.
就
行。
out of the way:
让路
如果那个人死活不给你让路，你说：
Get out of
the way!
滚开！
2.=in
this way
记住一个句型：
I do...in
the way you showed me.
eg:I fly the
kite in the way you showed me.
但是
in the family
way
不是以家庭的方式，而是指
have a baby.
※
get one's own
way:
随心所欲
★课后题学到的
☆
< br>4:
表语从句
That's
why+
从句：那就是……的原因，前者是原因，
why
后面是结果
I was caught
in the traffic 's why I was late.
be
动词后面是表语，后面的从句是表语从句。
That's
后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导，再加一个句子。
< br>
That's when we can start class.
That's where we will have a meeting.
That's how I get to school.
☆时态填空
一般过去时标志：
yesterday;
in+
具体的过去年代是具体的过去时间；
when
对时间点提问：
要不然和将来时连用，
一般情况
when
的出现意味
着一般过去时，现在完成时会用
How
long
定位。
现在完成时的标志：
up till
now=up to now/yet/already/just/before/How long
动词的时态第一种概念：根据这句话本身找关键词；
完形填空一句话得出的结论不一定是正确的，
往往要根据上下文的时间<
/p>
得出时态。
Lesson 6
Percy Buttons
★
New words and
expressions
☆
beggar
n.
乞丐
注意这是我们目前为止学到
的唯一的以
-ar
结尾的名词。
乞求
beg for:
乞求得到
ask for:
请求得到
☆
pocket
n.
衣服口袋
inner
pocket
：大衣、西服内口袋
jacket pocket;coat pocket
pocket
book:
袖珍书；
pocket dictionary
pocket
money:
零花钱（小孩的）
（不
是零钱，零钱是
change
：
get
exact change
）
男人的零花钱：
beer money
18
世纪，在小说里有时能见到女人的零花钱是针线钱。但是随着时代
的进步，剩下的
money
都归女人管，所以女人无零
花钱。
pocket
pick:
车上的小偷
☆
call
v.
拜访，光顾
call
sb/call up sb:
给某人打电话
call back:
回电话
我们昨天学的电话用语
-Can
you take a message for me?
如果不想让第三人知道，你可以说：
Can you tell him to call back?
< br>关于
call
的几个短语：
call at+
地点
=visit
someplace
call on sb
I will
call on you.=I will call at your home.
call out=shout
大声喊
call in sb
招集和邀请
For the
project,the government called in a lot of experts.
6
★
Text
I have just
moved to a house in Bridge day a beggar knocked at
my
asked
me
for
a
meal
and
a
glass
of
return
for
this,the
beggar stood on his
head and sang songs.I gave him a ate the food
and
drank
the
he
put
a
piece
of
cheese
in
his
pocket
and
went
a neighbor told me about ody knows
name
is
Percy
calls
at
every
house
in
the
street
once
a
month
and
always
asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
☆
ask sb for
sth:
问某人要什么东西
for<
/p>
：为了这个目的去请求某人。
sb
更多的
时候并不出现，而直接说
ask
for
sth,
因为强调的是东西而不是人。
eg:The boy asks
（
his
parents
）
for money again/once
more.
☆
in
return:
作为回报
He
doesn't want anything in return.
in
return for sth:
作为对……的回报
I'll buy a present for him in return
for hospitality.
☆
stand on
one's head:
倒立（头着地）
用手着地：
stand on one's
hand/hands
跪着：
stand on one's
knees
躺着：
lie on one's back
（仰面）
/side
（侧躺）
/stomach
（趴着）
☆
tell sb about sth
about:
关于，通过其它事自己得出结论
tell sb
sth:
告诉某人某件事（把事情直接告诉）
☆所有的不定代词作主语一律为单数看待。
< br>everybody,somebody,anybody,something,anything,e verything
☆英语：
in the street
美语：
on the street
★难点
有些动词的后面加上介词或副
词以后就会改变词义。
这种新的组合称作
短语动词。
如：
put
：放
put on:
穿
take
：拿走
take off:
脱下
look
：看
look
at:
看；
look
for:
寻找；
look
after:
照顾；
look
out:
当心
knock
knock at:
敲
knock off:1
）下班
He knockedoff earlier.
2
）
knock sth
off+
地点：从……把……撞倒
knock the vase off the table
3
）打折
knock 10% off the price
knock over
A car knocked the
boy over.
[
注
]
如果有地点：
off
；无地点：
over
knock
out:
打晕（拳击术语，把人打倒在地）
Lesson 7
Too
late
★
New words and
expressions
☆
detective
n.
侦探
detective
story
侦探小说
☆
airport
n.
机场
☆
airfield
n.
飞机起落的场地
port
港口：
airport
：航空港
at the airport
field
田野：
airfield
：停机坪
on the airfield
☆
expect
v.
期待，等待（重点词）
区分：
except
除……之外
I think
so.=I expect so.
（口语）
expect sb to do
sth:
期待某人做某事
expec
t
（
vt
）
:
expect sth
I expect your letter.=I
expect you to write.
wait
（
vi
）
:wait for sth/sb
wait for:
动作上的等待
expect
：心理上的等待
☆
valuable
adj.
贵重的（重点）
☆
precious
adj.
珍贵的
precious<
/p>
带有感情色彩，是真心喜欢的
如：
precious photo
珍贵的照片
如果不谈感情，
valuable
和
precious
是一样的。
sth is
valuable/precious
price:
价格
->priceless adj.
-
less
表示否定：没有价格的，无价的
valueless
adj.
没有价值，不足道的
worth
值：
worthless
adj.
无价值的
☆
diamond
n.
钻石
precious
stone
宝石
crystal
水晶
jade
玉
diamond ring
钻戒
☆
st
eal
（
stole,stolen
）
v.
偷
<
/p>
在中国，认为在不知道的情况下是“偷”
，明目张胆的就是“抢”
。
而英语不区分。
我们说“我的钱包被
偷了”和“我被偷了”是一个字，而在英语里是两
个词。
My wallet was stolen.
I was
robbed.
steal sth
偷（某物）
；
rob sb
抢（某人）
跟地点相连也用
rob
：
rob the bank
☆
main
adj.
主要的
7
main
永远不修饰人，我们可以说
main
building/s
treet/sentence/idea,
但不
能说
main person
☆
guard
n.
警戒，守卫
life
guard
救生员
body
guard
保镖
★
Text
The
plane
was
late
and
detectives
were
waiting
at
the
airport
all
were
expecting
a
valuable
parcel
of
diamonds
from
South
Africa.A
few hours earlier,someone had told the
police that thieves
would
try
to
steal
the
the
plane
arrived,some
of
the
detectives
were
waiting
on
the
men
took
the
parcel
off
the
plane
and
caried it into the
Custom two detectives were keeping guard at
the door,two others opened the their
surprise,the precious parcel
was full
of stones and sand!
☆
someone
had told...
过去完成式，过去以前发生的事情
...that thieves would try to...
would+do:
过去将来式，间接方式，转述，站在过去看未来
☆
when
和
while
都表示当……的时候，考试时一定选
when
while
能用
when<
/p>
代替，但是
when
却不一定能用
while
代替
while+
从句，动作一定会延续
when+
延续性动作
/
瞬间动词
when he
arrived/died
用过去进行时：
在过去的某一点时间，或者是过去某一动作同时发生的另外一个动作。
瞬间动词
（如
arrive
）无进行时态。
同时发生的两个动作
1.
一个用一般过去时，另一个用过去进行时。
2.
分工的情况，均用过去进行时
When I was doing my homework,my mother
was cooking.
表面上是分工：
两个动作同时开始
，
表示同时开始同时结束，
延续时间
不
一致，长一点时间的动作用进行时态，短时间的动作用过去时。
When someone knocked at the door,I was
having dinner.
☆
two
others=two other detectives
☆
to one's surprise,
让某人惊讶的是
跟人的情绪有关的名词都可以替换
to one's joy/excitement
☆
be full
of...
装满
My bag
was full of books.
★
Special
difficulties
vt+adv+
宾语（
n
）
vt+
宾语（
n/pron
）
+
adv
vi+prep+
宾语（
n<
/p>
）
宾语的位置和词性取决于施加动作的动词
介词出现，一定要有宾语，所以
v+prep+
宾语（
n
）
副词可以省
略，
v+
宾语（
n/pron
）
+adv
或
v+ad
v+
宾语（
n
）
是副词还是介词要看动词是及物动词还是不及物动词
vt-adv vi-prep
而判断是不是及物动词就要看平时的积累了
特殊：
up...->make
（<
/p>
vt
）
up one's mind
语法上可以改为
make one's mind
up,
但习惯上不改
for...
表面上
ask
（
vt
）
，可改。但要注意是
ask
（
sb
）
for
sth
的省略，所以
不能改
Lesson 8 The best and the worst
★
New words and expressions
☆
competition
n.
比赛，竞赛
所有的比赛都可以通称为
competition
速度比赛：
race race
球赛：
match ll match
contest
用的更多，除了以上的比赛，都可以说
con
test
选美比赛就是
beauty contest
还有
game
，如果把上面的都忘了，就用
这个
☆
neat
adj.
整齐的，整洁的
不等于
clean
，等于
tidy
☆
pool
n.
水池
pool
< br>是人工的，游泳池：
swimming pool
天然的叫池塘：
pond
★本课重点是比较级和最高级
※三个或者三个音节（元音音标）以上的词：多音节词：
比较级的构成：
more+
原级，最高级的
构成：
the most+
原级
※单音节的词用
er
，
est
※双音节：不一定
一般情况，同单音节
以
y
结尾的
+er
，例外：<
/p>
slowly-more slowly-the most slowly
often-more often-the most often
clever-cleverer-
cleverest
和
clever-more
clever-the most clever
都对
技巧：长的当多音节，短的当单音节，但仅仅是技巧哦
fun
按照语法应该是
funner,fun
nest,
可老美偏偏说
more fun,the most
fun
。
如果考语法，中国人全对，
美国人错的一塌糊涂，英国人对一半。所以
老美是不会拿自己的弱点来考我们的。
无规律：
good-better-best;bad-worse-
worst;many/much-more-most;little-less-least
far-farther-farthest;far-further-
furthest
farther
：距离上的更远；
further
：程度上的
old-older-oldest;old-elder-eldest
older
是比……大；
elder
做定语修饰其它名词：
elder sister
★
Text
8
Joe
Sanders
has
the
most
beautiful
garden
in
our
everybody
enters
for
'The
Nicest
Garden
Competition'
each
year,but
Joe
wins
every
Frith's
garden
is
larger than
Joe'
works
harder
than
Joe
and
grows
more flowers and vegetables,but Joe's garden is
more
has
made
neat
paths
and
has
built
a
wooden
bridge
over
a
pool.I
like
gardens
too,but
I
do
not
like
hard
year
I
enter
for
the
garden
competition too,and I
always
win a little prize for the worst
garden in the
town!
☆
enter
for:
报名参加，只强调报名
for the exam
参加：
take part in
☆
win-won-won
vi.I win.
我赢了。
I lose.
我输了。
vt. sth
win
后面往往是奖品
eg.I
win the book.
a
prize:
赢了一个奖
win a
prize for:
因为……而获奖
[
注
]win
后面不能接对手，不能
说
I win you.
要用
def
eat
或
beat
，但
defeat
用得多，因为
beat
< br>还有打的意思。
I defeat you.
Lesson 9 A cold welcome
★
New words and
expressions
☆
welcome
n.v.
欢迎
n.a cold
welcome
冷遇
e
to+
地点
Welcome to
e home/back.
are welcome.1.
你是受欢迎的。
2.
不用谢
You are welcome
to+
地点
☆
crowd
n.
人群
in the
crowd:
在人群里
I
spotted him in the crowd.
a crowd of
people:
没有秩序的人群，拥挤的人群
a group of
people:
有秩序的人群
a
large crowd of people/crowds of
people:
人山人海
拥挤，挤满
☆
gather
v.
聚集
people
gather:
人们聚集在一起，尤指自发性的聚集
☆
hand
n.
（表或机器的）指针
minute/second/hour hand:
分
/
秒
/
时针
Which is the oldest? --second
hand
因为
second
hand
还有“二手的，旧的”意思
wait for a moment/wait for a few second
s
（
secs.
）
secs.
是
seconds<
/p>
的缩写，在美国电影里经常能遇到
☆
shout
v.
喊叫
=call out
大声喊叫；
cry out:
大声哭喊
；
scream:
尖叫
★
Text
On
Wednesday evening,we went to Town was the last
day of the year
and
a
large
crowd
of
people
had
gathered
under
the
Town
Hall
would
strike
twelve
in
twenty
minutes'
n
minutes
passed
and
then,at
five
to
twelve,the
clock
big
minute
hand
did
not
waited
and
waited,but
nothing
ly
someone
shouted,
was
big
clock refused
to
welcome
the
New
that
moment,everybody began to laugh and
sing.
☆
a cold
welcome:
冷遇
cold:
寒冷的；冷淡的
cold fish:
冷漠的人
英语中有许多以动物代替人的词，如：
lucky dog
幸运的人
☆
Town
Hall:
市政厅
☆
strike
strike
the clock
Listen,the clock is striking.
strike twelve
数字表示敲击的次数
敲门用
knock
，敲钟用
strike
hit
和
strike
在
一定时候可以互换，都是一次性打，
strike:hit hard
beat
：连续不断的打
beat drums:
敲鼓
☆
in twenty minutes' time
20
分钟之后
根据时态判别
in
表示的含义：如果是将来式，
in+
段时间表示一段时间
以后
minutes'
名词所有格
1.
有生命的东西：
my
mother's;kit's;Tom's
2.
可以用来表达时间：
an
hour's time
3.
表示距离（在指路时常用）
-How far is the school from here?
-3 minutes' walk.
☆分钟的介词：
past
：过了；
to
：没到
...minutes
past...
前半小时
...minutes
to...
后半小时
☆
The clock has stopped!
现在完成时，强调过去动作导致的结果。
看一般过去式，只要按字面意思理解即可。
看过去完成式，要读出潜在的意思。
☆
at that moment=just then
就在那时
at the
moment=now
现在，此刻
☆文章重点：
1.
...minutes passed and then,sth happened.
happened? Nothing happened.
was true.
★
Key
structures
9
at/in/on/others
用
when
提问
on:
具体的某一天：
on Friday/Dec 15th
morning,afternoon,evening
前有修饰词
：
on Wednesday evening
in:
in the morning/afternoon,evening
in a week;in January/Feb...
in summer/spring/autumn/winter
in 1992/1999
at:
at night;at noon;at five to twelve;at
ten o'clock
用的最多的是
in
< br>，考的最多的是
on
until
直到……时候
I can't
entre for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
from...to...
Everyday we
have English class from 8:30 to 11:30.
during
在……期间
in the holiday
强调这段时间其中某一点时间，
并不表示自始至终
during the holiday
强调假期的从头到尾
Lesson
10 Not for Jazz
★
New words
and expressions
☆
musical
adj.
音乐的
music
student:the student who learned music
musical
student:
有音乐天赋的
☆
instrument
n.
乐器
instrument=musical instrument
☆
key
n.
琴键
1.
琴键
2.
钥匙：
key to the
door
3.
答案
:Do you
know the kdy to the question?
4.
关键
:key
structure
☆
shock v.
使不悦或生气
,
震惊
[
复习
]
跟人的情绪有关
的动词的宾语往往是
人
：
It shocked me.
凡是能够用
人
做宾语
,
又是表示人的情绪活动的动词
,
有两个形容词形
式
:1.
令人
……；
2.
感到……
It is shocking.I'm shocked.
a shock
sb get a
shock:
某人很吃惊
shock/surprise
共同点：都是吃惊，没想到
不同点：
任何一件事没想到都是
surprise,
好事坏事都可。而<
/p>
shock
一定
是让人不高兴的。
☆
allow
v.
允许，让
allow
doing :Smoking is allowed
allow sb to
do sth :You are allowed to smoke.
allow
喜欢用被动语态：
sb
be allowed to do sth
★
Text
We have an old musical is called a
was made in
Germany clavichord is kept
in the living has belonged
to our
family for a long instrument was bought by my
grandfather
many years ly it was
damaged by a tried to play jazz
on
it!She struck the keys too hard and tow of the
strings were
father was we are not
allowed to touch is being repaired
by
a friend of my father's.
☆
be
made
be made
in+
地点
be made
of/be made from+
材料：由……制造
be made of:
能看出原料
eg:The ring is made of gold.
be made from:
看不出原料
/
多种原料
eg:It is made from plastic.
be made
into+
成品：被制成
eg:The gold is made into a ring.
平时见的最多是
in
，填空考的最多的是
of/from,
阅读理解最多的是
into
☆
play
1.
跟球类连用，直接
+
球类：
pla
y football
2.
跟乐器连用，
+the+
乐器：
play the piano
在乐器上：
play music
on+
乐器
☆双重所有格
/
双重属格：
名词
+of+
名词所有格
/
名词性的物主代词
只有一张照片：
my photo
很多照片中的一张：
a photo of mine/one
of my photos
强调很多个当中的一个或几个，选用双重属格结构。
§
Lesson 11 One
good turn deserves another
礼尚往来
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
turn n.
行为
,
举止
behavior :
行为
,
举止
pay attention
to your behavior
turn :
对人有影响力的行为
★
deserve v.
应得到
,
值得
He deserves
praise.
他应该得到表扬
Yor deserve the
best.
你应该得到最好的
1
、
deserve + n.
promotion :
提升
He deserved a promotion.
2
、
deserve to do:
应该
...
She
deserved to be punished.
Good work
deserves good pay.
★
lawyer
n.
律师
lawyer's
office :
律师事务所
10
★
bank n.
银行
rob the bank :
抢银行
★
salary n.
工资
pay :
< br>工资（
salary+wage
）
通用
salary:
工资（月薪
,
年薪）……有固定工作或管理阶层
wage:
工资（按小时
,
周计算的）……不稳定的工作
bonus :
奖金
,
分红
collet:
搜集
,
领取
collect salary/wage :
领工资
★
immediately adv.
立刻
at once :
立刻
,
马上
right now :
现在
right away :
＝
at
once,immediately
立刻
,
马上
【
Text
】
Lesson 11 One good turn deserves
another
礼尚往来
First listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Who paid for Tony's dinner?
I was having dinner at a restaurant
when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked
in a lawyer's office years ago, but he
is now working at a bank. He gets a
good salary, but he always borrows
money from his friends and never pays
it
back.
Tony
saw
me
and
came
and
sat
at
the
same
table.
He
has
never
borrowed
money
from
me.
While
he
was
eating,
I
asked
him
to
lend
me
twenty pounds. To my
surprise, he gave me the money immediately. 'I
have
never borrowed any money from
you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for
my dinner!'
参考译文
我正在一家饭馆吃饭
,
托尼
.
斯蒂尔走了进来
.
托尼曾在一家律师事务
所工作
,
而现在正在一家银行上班
.
他的薪水很高
,
但他却总是向朋友
借钱
,
并且从来不还
.
托尼看见了我
,
就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前
.
他从未向我借过钱
.
当他吃饭时
,
我提出向他借
20
英镑
.
令我惊奇的是
,
他立刻把钱给了我
.
“我还从未向你借过钱
,
“托尼说道
,
“所以现在
你可以替我付饭钱了
!
”
【课文讲解】
One good turn deserves another
礼尚往来
,
善有善报
One bad turn
deserves another
恶有恶报
注意读音
work
for
……强调工作
work in
……强调
in
后面的地点
some/several years ago
名词
-s,
前面省略了
some
working at a bank
比较稳定
He gets a
good salary.
薪水不错
The teachers in the new oriental school
can get good salary.
borrow from :
从
...
借
never=not
前面不需要加助动词
pay
back :
还钱
and
连接三个并列的动词
at the same table :
坐在同一张桌子旁边
at
table :
吃饭
at the
table:
坐在桌子旁边
Would you like to join us?
has never borrowed
潜台词
perhaps,this time he
would borrow from me
ask
do
请求某人做
...
to my
surprise:
真让我惊讶
pay for :
为
...
而付钱
ask for:
< br>问
...
要
I have paid for you a dinner.
I have paid 20 dollars for the
book.
（强调）
It's my
treat.
我请客
Let's
go
制
This time is
your treat. next time is my turn.
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Exercises A
is happening
now
……进行时态
always
happens
……一般时态
happened
……过去时态
has happened
……现在完成时态
was
happening
……过去进行时态
a. He is now working at a
bank.
（现阶段）
We are
learning English.
b.
（现在、过去、将来）习惯、反复
He always lent his CD to the
others.
（过去）
I
will visit you.
（将来）
I visit you
（无论现在
,
过去
,
还是将来）
c.
在过去的时间里
,
发生的事情
,
不强调对现在的影响和
跟其它时间的
比较
,
叫一般过去式
.
过去的过去……过去完成时
有过去发生的动作
,
但是还强调对现在的影响……现在完成时
有（
yesterday,last
night
）以前的事情
,
没有强调对现在的影响……一般
过去时
d.
过去的行为对现在产生的影响或者过去的行为一直延续到现
在……
现在完成时
e.
过去某一特定时间发生的动作……过去进行时
Exercises C
1 He usually
______
（
get
）
up at 7 o'clock, but this morning he
______
（
get
）
up at 6 o'clock.
2 So far,
we not ______
（
have
）
a reply.
4 I can't come now.
At the moment I ______
（
type
）
a letter.
5 As the royal
visitors ______
（
pass
）
, the people cheered.
D
Supply the correct form of the verbs in
parentheses.
...got
not had
（
have-have
had
）
so far:up to now
到目前为止
现在完成时
writing
were talking
4.I'm typing at the
moment
……标志着现在进行时
; now
passing
Exercises D
The Taj Mahal ______
（
build
）
in
the seventeenth century for the emperor
Shah
Jehan.
A
few
years
after
he
______
（
become
）
ruler,
his
wife,
Mumtaz-i-Mahal, ______
（
die
）
.
The Taj Mahal ______
（
build<
/p>
）
in her
honour.
Experts
______
（
call
）
in
from
many
parts
of
the
world
to
construct the domes and to decorate the
walls. The Taj Mahal which ______
（
begin
）
in
1632 and ______
（
complete
）
in 1654 ______
（
cost
）
a
fortune. Up to the present
day, it ______
（
visit
）
by millions of people.
...
动词的正确语态填空
,
时态
先确定主被动
,
然后确定时态
in the
seventeenth
century
……一般过去时的标志
The Taj
Mahal
……泰姬陵
was
built;
became;
died;
was built
in one's honour:
为了纪念某人
were
called
（
call
in:
召集）
was begun;
was
completed;
cost;
has been
visited;
（
up to the present
day=up to now
）
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
4
Tony is working at a bank ______ .
the
moment b.a year ago last year a year
4.a
at the
moment:
现在进行时
since:
自从
点时间
for:
一段
（
+
段时间）
for three hours; since yesterday; for a
day; for three days
since three days
ago
8 He gets a good
salary. His salary is very ______ .
ful
8.a
3 While he ______
（
write
）
on the blackboard, the children ______
（
talk
）
.
good salary
well:
表示好的时候一般用作副词
11
He is
well.
（一般指身体好）
fine
……天气好
,
质量好
beautiful
美丽
漂亮的
10 Tony must pay the money back. He
must ______ .
it again it it it
once more
10.c
pay
back:
还钱
pay
something:
付钱
pay
again;
再次付钱
pay it
:
付钱
once more=again
repay it
=pay back
11 There aren't enough chairs
here for us all. Please bring ______ one.
r d.a different
……代词
,
指代上文的名词
The red one.
a
different one
one
……指代单数可数名词<
/p>
,
可数名词单数前一定要加’
a/an<
/p>
’
如
: He
is a
boy
an other
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
I asked him to
lend me twenty pounds.
ask somebody to
do something.
want to do something want
somebody to do
会用
sb to do
sth
的动词
:
ask; want; tell; order;
expect; wish; allow; advise; like; teach;
prefer...
一定不能说
hope somebody to do
正确用法
: hope to do
（希望自己）
或
hope
that
（希望别人）
Exercises
A
（将括弧内的词按正确的语序排好
.
）
1 The officer
ordered
（
to fire, at the
enemy, the men
）
.
2 He wants
（
his
wife, this dress, to wear
）
.
3 She wants
（
us,
it, to explain
）
.
4 I cannot allow
（
the room, him, to
enter
）
.
B Write
similar sentences using the following.
somebody to do
...the man to fire at
the enemy
.........
Exercises
B
（模仿以上例句完成以下句子）
1
He asked ______
2 We prefer ______
3 He taught ______
4 My
mother wished ______
5 Do you want
______ ?
ask somebody to do something
He asked his wife to let him in.
:
宁可
I prefer him to die.
12
..........
wages from lend to
Exercises:
1 He is a bank
manager and he gets a good ______ .
2 I
______ him some money and he said he would give it
back to me when
he got his
3
Yesterday he ______ my laptop. I hope he returns
it soon.
4 The postmen are on strike
again. They want higher ______ .
5
Workmen's ______ have gone up a lot in the last
year.
;
slary/wages
ed
（
laptop:
手提电脑）
.
.
难点
:
...somebody to
do something
§
Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck
再见
,
一路顺风
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
luck n.
运气
,
幸运
good luck
bless you
保重
break your
leg=good luck
lucky dog
幸运儿
lucky day
幸运日
:
It
’
s my lucky
day.
今天我真幸运
unlucky
luckily adv.
★
captain n.
船长
★
sail v.
航行
★
harbour n.
港口
port air port
★
proud adj.
自豪
be proud of :
以
...
为自豪
Parents are proud of their children.
pride n. take pride in
以
...
为自豪
★
important adj.
重要的
importance n.
【
Text
】
Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck
再见
,
一路顺风
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Where is Captain Alison going and how?
Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,
will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.
We'll meet him at the harbour early in
the morning. He will be in his small
boat, Topsail. Topsail is a famous
little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic
many times. Captain Alison will set out
at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty
of
time.
We'll
see
his
boat
and
then
we'll
say
goodbye
to
him.
He
will
be
away
for
two
months.
We
are
very
proud
of
him.
He
will
take
part
in
an
important race across the
Atlantic.
参考译文
我们
的邻居查尔斯
.
艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯启航了
.
明天一大
早我们将在码头为他送行
.
他将乘坐他的
“涛波赛”
号小艇
.
“涛波
赛”
号是艘有名的小艇
,
它已经多次横渡大西洋
.
艾利森船长
将于
8
点钟启航
,
因此我们有充裕的时间
.
我们将参观他的船
,
然后和他告别
.
他要离开两个月
,
我们真为他感到自豪
,
他将参加一次
重大的横渡大西
洋的比赛
.
【课文讲解】
Portsmouth
朴次茅斯（英国港市）
将来时态
early in the morning :
一大早
late in the
afternoon
傍晚
meet
somebody+
地点
去某地接某人
I'll meet you at the
station.
see somebody off
送行
,
目送
in his small boat, Topsail : Topsail is
a famous little boat.
1
、英文写作中尽量避免用同一个词
2
、
little
……往往倾注了一定的感情
small
……没有感情
famous :
好的评价
sailed across :
横渡
the Atlantic :
大西洋
over
……过桥
once twice three times......
表示次数的时候
, for
一定不能加
I do
something twice.
set out :
出发
set off begin something
plenty: enough
而
a
lot of :
指客观上的多
plenty of : I have plenty of
money.
相对多的概念
see
--visit Can I see it?
say goodbye to
somebody; say hello to; say sorry to
I said hello to him this morning.
You must say sorry to somebody.
be away He has been there.
leave
……短暂性动词不能和段时间连用
He will leave.
不用段时间
be+
< br>形容词（介词短语）――系表结构表状态来代替
arrive …… be here/there
leave …… be away
die …… be dead
join
（也是瞬间动词）
……
be a
soldier/in the army
不是说瞬间动词不能用完成时态
,
而是指不能与段时间连用
,
一旦要用
段时间就要将其变为
“
系表结构”
即
“
be
+
形容词或介词短语构成”
.
He has been away for two
hours.
He left two hours
ago.
点时间
13
take part in;
enter for
I
have
entered
for
the
meeting,but
now
I
don't
want
to
take
part
in
the
meeting.
横渡大西洋的比赛
across
the
Atlantic
介词短语做定语放在被修饰
词的后面
on the desk The book is on the desk.
at the door. the person at the door.
总结
和水面有关
,
横渡……
across
meet
somebody+
地点
see
somebody off
be away
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
一般将来时
be+
副词
be in Is Tom in? Tom
isn
’
t in
在家
be out
出去
be away :
离开
be on :
上映
The film is
on.
be back
会来
be up to
something:
胜任某件事情
,
能够做某件事
be over
结束
Game is over.
set set out set off set up
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
2
Topsail ______ .
win the race across
the Atlantic won the race across the Atlantic
be in the race across the Atlantic in
the race across the Atlantic
l...C
will...
将要完成
has...
已经完成
be in the race : take part in the race
参加比赛
at the race
在比赛场地观看比赛
拜访某地
call at
在某个小地点
at the
airport
3 Our neighbour, ______ name is
Charles Alison, will sail tomorrow.
his whom
3....A
be in the
race : take part in the race
§
Lesson 13 The
Greenwood Boys
绿林少年
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
group n.
小组
,
团体
group :
指合唱团
如
: Back Street
后街男孩
band
n.
乐队
如
:
零点乐队
,
只有一个主唱
★
pop singer
流行歌手
pop :popular
adj.
受欢迎的
pop song
（
music
）流行音乐
pop star :
歌星
★
club n.
俱乐部
night club
夜总会
★
performance n.
演出
-mance
名词标志
perform v
演出
★
occasion n.
场合
中文
:
在某种场合
,
某种条件下
,
某种环境中
英文
: occasion =
time :
时候
this
occasion; on the
（
this
）
occasion.
occasionally
adv.
＝
sometimes
有时候
,
偶尔
on the
occasion; occasionally
【
Text
】
Lesson 13 The Greenwood Boys
绿林少年
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why will the police have a difficult
time?
The
Greenwood
Boys
are
a
group
of
pop
singers.
At
present,
they
are
visiting all parts of the country. They
will be arriving here tomorrow. They
will be coming by train and most of the
young people in the town will be
meeting them at the station. Tomorrow
evening they will be singing at the
Workers' Club. The Greenwood Boys will
be staying for five days. During
this
time, they will give five performances. As usual,
the police will have a
difficult
time.
They
will
be
trying
to
keep
order.
It
is
always
the
same
on
these
occasions.
参考译文
“绿林少年”
是一个流行歌曲演唱团
.
目前他们正在全国各地巡回演
出
,
明天就要到达此地
.
他们将乘火车来
,
镇上的大部分青年
人将到车
站迎接他们
.
明晚他们将在工人俱乐部演出
.
“绿林少年”
准备在此逗
留
5
天
.
在此期间
,
他们将演出
5
场
.
同往常一样
,
警察的日子将不好过
,
他们将设法维持秩序
.
每逢这种场合
,
情况都是这样
.
【课文讲解】
全文几乎都是将来时态
汉译英要学会缩句
:
找谓语动词
...are a
gruop of six girls.
at present
目前
up to now/so
far
到目前为止
nowadays adv.
目前
be doing
正在做某事
visit v.
拜访、参观
;
（歌手）巡演
all parts
of the country
全国各地
all parts of the world
全世界各地
;
介词用
in
in all
parts of the world
在全世界各地
visit+
地点
,
表示去某地
They stay
in all parts of the world.
某某人到中国访问
visit china
带有职业相关目的
visit
some place
The headmasters of the New
Oriental school visited
Lanzhou.
这里指演讲
14
将要到达这里
be
arriving here
will be doing
将来进行时态
;
理解为一般将来时的另一种形式
;
将来进行时态的意思往往等于一般将来时态
.
We will be
acting.
我们将要行动了
...will be coming by train...
,..will be meeting them...
and conj.
连接
the young people in the town
镇上的年轻人（介词短语作定语）
most of the young people in the town
镇上的大部分年轻人
most
of...
大多数的
most of
the books; most of the time
most of + t
he...
（一定要加‘
the
’
）
most of the young
people
most young people
most students/most of the students.
tomorrow evening
明天晚上
...will be
singing...
将演出
,
避免重复
,
使用
sing
at the
Workers'Club
在工人俱乐部
yesterday evening
昨天晚上
this evening
今天晚上
night:last
night
昨天夜间
; tonight
今天夜间
;
tomorrow night
明天夜间
;
next night
第二天晚上
逗留五天
...will be staying here
for five days
演出五场
...give
five performances
as usual
象往常一样
The police
will have a difficult time...
have a
good time
玩得开心
;
have a hard time
生活得艰辛
have a
difficult time.
日子不象平时那样惬意
try to do
设法做某事
,
尽力做某事
keep order
维持次序
...on these
occasion
（
s
）每逢这种场合
the same
表示情况相同
你为什么迟到
?
Why are
you late?
What took you so long?
注意同一意思的多种表达方式
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
将来进行时
用一般将来时和将来进行时所表达的含义是一致的
.
一般将来时
: shall/will +
动词原形
１
.
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
.
２
.
将来时
的其他结构
;
基本结构
: shall/will
+
动词原形
Ⅰ
: be going to
do something
打算做某事
; be
gonna[
美语
]
He'll
lose.
与打算无关含义的句子
,
will
与
be going to do
不能互换
be going to
与
will
对比
;
下列情况须用
will
I'll be sixteen years old next year.
Ⅱ
: be + to do
sth.
表示计划安排在某事或用来征求意见
Eg: I am to have a holiday.
Ⅲ
: be about to
do sth.
即将做某事
.
Ⅳ
: will be doing
表示将要做某事
Ⅴ
: be
doing
（瞬间动词）表示将来时态
go,come
arrive,leave,die,land,join
Ⅵ
: be
一般现在时表示将要发生
Eg:
if it
rains,...
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
名词所以格
:
（
a
）在单
数名词及不以
-s
结尾的人名后加
's;
（
b
）在规则的复数名词的
-s
后面加所有格符号
';
（
c
）在以
-s
结尾的单数名词后加
-'s;
（
d
）在以
-s
结尾的人名后面即可以用
's
也可以用所有格符号
';
in twenty minutes' time
3 minutes' walk
（
d
rive
）
走路或开车三分钟的路程
how
much minced meat...?
（碎肉）
I want ten pounds' worth of minced
meat.
Exercise 8. how much damage was
there?
哪儿有多大的损失
?
was a hundred pounds'worth
of damage.
〖语法精粹〗
P17 4
4.I want
（
）
.
A.a dollar worth candy
a
dollar's worth
C.a dollar's worth of
candy
D.a dollar worth's candy
Answer : C is right.
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
5
During this time, they will give five
performances. That's what they'll do
______ this time.
5....in...
during this time:
在这段期间
during
和
in
之间有区别
,
但是它们之间却是近义词
during this time=in this time
this time:
这一次
6 The police will have a difficult time
______ .
usuall usual usua usual
6.....
15
as
usual:
像往常一样
7 The
police ______ expecting the singers to arrive
soon.
7.....b....
the people,the police,the
cattle,
复数
8 They
are pop singers. So ______ .
are folk
singers are public singers
ne likes
them one likes them
8...c...
pop=popular:
受欢迎的
,
everyone likes; folk:
民间的
,
民族
;
public:
公众的
12
It's always the same on these occasions. It's
always the same at ______
like this.
ion ions
12....d...
on these
occasions:
在一个时候
situation:
情况
, in
the situation
condition:
状态
,
条件
, in the condition
11 The Greenwood Boys will give
five performances. They
will
give
five
______ .
l ions
11....
recital:
朗诵
,
演出（对外公开）
execution:
演出（倾向技巧）
play:
戏剧
songs:
歌子
【语法精粹】一般将来时
P11 <
/p>
1.
ｃ
___a
delay.
will be 'd be
will
be is
schedule:
按计划
,
delay:
延迟
,
拖延和耽误
将来时态
:
在
A
和
C
中
it
be:
它是
,be
动词的后面一旦加名词
,
往往认为主语和名词之间是等号
关系
there
be:
哪儿有（某地有某物）
,
有某事发生
There will
be a meeting.
那儿将开会
There was a
fire.
发生大火
'll
leave for Paris before
you__
ｃ
___next week.
come back be back
back
back
before,
状语从句的标志
在状语从句中不可能出现将来时
,
都被一般现在时态取代
next
meeting__
ｃ
___on 1st December
been held hold
to be held
holding
be
to,
将来的标志
,
是将来还是被动
__c___a
will,there is a way.
will have been
there
is has been.
是个谚语
,
直接记忆
,
“有志者事竞成”
,
“哪儿有愿望
,
哪儿就有路”
where
引导的是地点主语从句
__b___be Wednesday tomorrow.
going to
about to to
一般的情况可以互换
,
遇上没有办法打算和计划安排的
,
只能用
will be
be
about to:
计划打算
; be
to:
计划打算
; be going to
:
计划打算
will,
单纯的表将来
§
Lesson 14 Do
you speak English?
你会讲英语吗
?
要求整篇文章背诵
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
amusing adj.
好笑的
,
有趣的
amused:
感到好笑的
amuse v.
动词后面会加人做宾语
The
story amused me.
The story is amusing.
I am amused.
interesting:
有意思
The book is interesting.
The book is amusing.
funny:
好笑的
,
可以指贬义
,
开心的
,
令人开心的
interesting/funny story
★
experience n.
经历
经验
:
不可数名词
:He has a
lot of experience.
经历
:
可数名词
:He has a
lot of experiences.
+s
（
a/an
）
,
经历
;
原形
,
经验
experienced:
有经验的
He is an experienced doctor.
★
wave v.
招手
wave to
sb;
向某人招手
★
lift n.
搭便车
be
动词
+
形容词
/
介词
be
动词后面不能是名词
,
一旦是名词
,
就认为主语和后面的名词是等号
关系
I am a
teacher.
（对）
I was
a lift.
（错）
take a
bus/taxi/lift
take a
lift:
搭便车
16
I take a
lift.
The student gave me a lift.
give sb a
lift:
让某人搭便车
B
wants to take a lift.
A will give B a
lift.
thumb lift
:
拇指便车（向过路车辆竖起拇指表示要求免费搭车）
I want to take a lift.
★
reply v.
回答
answer
作为不及物动词是一样的
: He
answered/replied.
作为及物动词就不一样了
:
answer sth/reply to sth.
answer the
letter :
回信
I
will reply to the letter.
回信
★
language n.
语言
native
language :
母语
mother tongue :
母语（口语）
The native
language is Chinese.
My mother tongue
is Chinese.
★
journey n.
旅行
begin a trip :
开始一个旅行
begin a
journey
trip,travel,tour
trip :
短距离旅行或出差（时间或距离上较短）
go on business/go on a trip
travel :
周游（长途）
tour,
为了玩
tourist :
游客
journey :
所有的旅行
go on a journey, 3 days'
journey
（三天路程）
2
hours' journey
voyage :
旅行（海上）
flight :
空中飞行
journey :
偏重于陆地旅行
trip;travel;tour;journey;voyage;flight
【
Text
】
Lesson 14 Do you speak English?
你会讲英语吗
?
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Did the young man speak English?
I had an amusing experience last year.
After I had left a small village in the
south
of
France,
I
drove
on
to
the
next
town.
On
the
way,
a
young
man
waved to me. I stopped
and he asked me for a lift.
As soon as
he had got
into
the
car,
I
said
good
morning
to
him
in
French
and
he
replied
in
the
same
language. Apart from a few words, I do not know
any French at all.
Neither of us spoke
during the journey. I had nearly reached the town,
when
the
young
man
suddenly
said,
very
slowly,
you
speak
English?'
As
I
soon learnt,
he was English himself!'
参考译文
去年我有过一次有趣的经历
.
在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后
,
我继续
驶往下一个城镇
.
途中
,
一个青年人向我招手
.
我把车停下
,
他向我提
出要求搭车
.
他一上车
,
我就用法语向他问早上好
,
他也同样用法语回
答我
.
除了个别几个单词外
,
我根本不会法语
.
旅途中我们谁也没讲话
.
就要到达那个镇时
,
那青年突然开了口
,
慢慢地说道
:
“你会讲英语
吗
?
”
我很快了解到
,
他自己就是个英国人
!
【课文讲解】
搭便车
: take a lift
给某人搭便车
: give sb
a lift
路程
,
旅行
: journey
经历
: experience.
一般有意思
, interesting
、
funny,
amusing
倾向于让某人笑出声
I had an amusing experience last year.
读音
:
①
读
“
雀”
（英
音）②
‘s’
后的’
t’
读’
d’
后与’
j’
拼
（美音）
after,
从句的标志
,
后面叫时间主语从句
when,while,as :
当什么时候
, until,before,after
简单句当中一个谓语
,
有从句有主句
,
从句一个谓语动词
,
主句一个谓
语动词
after
:
在什么什么之后
,
主句的动作发生在从句之后
,
从句的动作发生
在主句的前面
,
从句的动作发生在前
,
主句的动作发生在后
如果两个都是过去时
,
同时发生
,
会用进行时态
;
如果一先一后
,
发生
在前的动作为过去完成时（
had
done
）
after
后面的从句一个变成过去时
,
一个变成过去完成时
,
一定是从句用
过去完成时
.
before :
在什么什么之前
,
主句发生在从句之前
,
主句用过去完成时
.
地点做介词短语修饰前面的名词
in
the south of
表达方位的表达方式一共有
3
个介词
, in,on,to
没有相接的
,
是相离的
, to
接壤
, on
在什么里面
, in
drive
to :
开车去某地
, drive on
（
on:
继续）
,
on
加在动词的后面表示继
续
My heart will go on
《我心永恒》
on the way
:
在路上
,
在途中
wave to sb :
冲某人挥手
I stopped=I
stopped the car.
ask sb for sth :
请求某人要求得到什么东西
后面的先发生
As soon as
I had received the letter,I ringed/called him
back.
只要是状语从句
,
一旦遇到将来时
,
变为一般现在时
As soon
as you arrive,you must call
me.
你一到就就打我电话
As
soon as
强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的
say goodbye,say sorry,say hello,say
good morning to him
用某种语言
: in+
某种语言
I speak English. I say a word in
Chinese.
reply
要想加宾语要加
to
（
+
要回答的内容）
in the smae language
在句中作状语
,
不是
replay
所应回答的问题
（宾语）
,
故用
in
as
soon as :
一
...
就
...
As soon as I had entered
the room,I took off my coat at once.
apart from :
除了什么之外
, except
except,except for,apart from
except is used at the beginning of a
sentence,it is followed by for.
from
习惯上喜欢放句首
, apart
from=except=besides
如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外
,
还有这个人也做了
,
是加号
=besides
如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外
,
这个人没有做
,
是减
号
=except
All the passengers are millionaire
except us.
减号
:
从整体之中减掉
, besides
如果放在句首
,
统一用
apart from
for
含有对整体中的某一个方面不满意
The article is very good except for his
handwriing.
except
for
可以不放在句首
,
强调整体当中某一方面除外
,
剩下的整体
都不错
Except for his height,he is very
excellent.
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
I invited
everyone except George.
Except for
George I invited everyone.
Except
for/apart from this,everything is in order.
Exercise
1
（
Except
）
（
Exc
ept for
）
a slight
headache, I feel all right now.
3
（
Except
）
（
Apart from
）
being a bit too long, the play was very
good.
for
from
（
Except
for
）
except
for=apart from,
喜欢放在句首
except
和
besides
可放句子中间
,
besides
指在整体上加上
, <
/p>
except
要从整
体减掉
not at all :
一点点都不
,
强调
I
don't like it. I don't like it at all.
apart
from=except
（文中）
as soon as :
一
...
就
...,
后面一定要加一个句子（时间主语从句）
,
“一”
Apart from my
sister,I like everyone.
17
Apart from a few words,I
don’t know any French.
一正一反地翻译
注意英音与美音的读音不
同
during the journey :
在旅途当中
,
自始自终
neither of
sb,either of sb
either of sb :
什么当中的任何一个
neither
of sb :
什么当中的任何一个都不
either,neither
都是指两个当中的任何一个
如果不只两个人
,
就变成
none of
none,neither
一旦出现
,
这句话就不会再有
not
I
don't like the book,My sister doesn't like it
either.
Neither of us likes
it.
（注意要用单数）
nearly :
将要
when:
要看当时的具体情况
,
在这里译为
:
就在此时
I had nearly reached home when I found
my mother standing there.
Do
you
speak
English?
问的是一个事实
<
/p>
你说英语吗
?
你是说英语国家
的人吗
?
Do you swim?
你去游泳吗
?
Can you swim?
你会游
泳吗
?
两者的概念
是不一样的注意体会
As I learnt.
learn:
知道
,
得知
我得知
: I learn;
我知道
: I know
（我本来就知道）
As we know,the New Concept English is
very good.
正如我们所知
... ...
As+
主语
+
动词
+
逗号
+
句子
, As :
正如
As I think,it
is the coldest day in the year.
As my
mother said/As I heard
As he
said,English is easy to learn.
himself,
反身代词单独放在句尾
,
起强调作用
I read
English myself.
总结
as soon as+
从句
,
表示时间
,
一
...
就
...
apart
from=except for,
放在句首
,
除了什么之外
neither
of:
两者之间都不
,
一旦出现
,
这句话里面不会再出现
not
三者或三者以上之间都不
:
none of
As I
learnt,
正如
......
As sb do
sth,
一定要加逗号
,
再加另外一个句子
英语当中的第一句话往往起着概述的作用
有两种方式可以背诵
:
一种是硬背
,
另一种是先理解
,
然后按照事情
的发展顺序背
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
过去完成时
:
过去的过去或两个动作都在过去
,
一个动作在前
,
一个
在后
,
发生在前的动作为过去完成时
过去完成时一定要以一个过去时态在铺垫
,
这个动作一定要发生在
had
done
之后
18
until :
直到什么时候为止
,
直到什么时候才
until,
在后面一个从句之前发生了主句
un
til,
主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对（最习惯的一种用法）
,
主句和
从句任何一个用过去完成是也对
I had not understood the problem until
he explained it.
hadn't disturbed him
until he finished work.
We didn't
disturb him until he had finished work.
We didn't disturb him until he finished
work.
（更习惯于这种用法）
after
后面会加过去完成时
,
before
后面会加一般过去时
Exercises D
（用正确的时态填空）
1 The
moment he had said this, he ______
（
regret
）
it.
2 It ______
（
begin
）
to rain before she took a taxi.
3 When all the guests had left, Derek
______
（
arrive
）
.
moment
后面直接加从句
, The moment =
as soon as
一般过去时
, regretted
引导从句用一般过去时
,
主句用过去完成时
had begun
d,
过去完成是
一定要和过去的过去有关
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
and ask for
ask sth :
问什么什么东西
, ask a question/ask
sb
ask for sth :
要求得到
, ask for the answer
of ,either of, neither of ,both of
either of
:
两者当中的任何一个
neither of :
两者都不
which of :
那一个
,
which of the two
both of :
两者都
Which of the
two do you like?
I want both of them.I
want either of them.I want neither of them.
Exercise
2 I liked them very
much so I bought
（
neither
of
）
（
both
of
）
them.
4 I
（
asked
）
（
asked for
）
a
question. I did not
（
ask for<
/p>
）
（
ask
）<
/p>
an answer.
He could not
answer
（
neither
of
）
（
either
of
）
the questions I
（
asked
）
（
asked
for
）
.
of
,ask for
of,
前面有
not,
故只能选
either of , asked
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
6
I speak a few words of French. I don't know ______
French.
of d.a little
6....b...
French
不可数
,
不能用
many
plenty of
:
足够多的
not much:
a little
not a little: much
7 Neither of us spoke. We ______ .
r spok spoke didn't speak r didn't
speak
7....c....
neither
不会和
not
连用
either :
任何一个
both :
两个都
we both both of us
都对
neither
of,
不能说
we
neither,
只能说
neither of us
11 He replied in French. He ______ the
writer in French.
de ed e ed
11...b...
responded
和
replied
用法一样
replied
后面加宾语一定要加
to,
answer
直接加
9 The young man waved to the writer. He
______ him.
d led to
9....c...
salute :
军礼
,
军人的问候
: The
soldier saluted his
officer.
士兵的问候
greet:
10 He asked for a lift. He was a
______.
hiker ge ner
10...b...
tramp :
流浪汉
hitch hiker :
搭便车的人
passenger :
乘客
,
（指要付车钱的那种）
12 The
writer had ______ reached the town when the young
man spoke.
mes as
12.
almost=nearly
just as
正当
...
时候
+
从句
§
Lesson 15 Good
news
佳音
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
秘书
注意读音
history
注意读音与
secretary
的区别
★
nervous adj.
精神紧张的
be nervous
事情发生时
worried :
为以后的事情担心
upset:
不安的
（对以前的事情）
★
afford v.
负担得起
1
、
afford sth. : I
can afford the coat
（东西）
I can afford the
hoilday.
有时间去
2
、
afford
money/time : I can afford five yuan./I can afford
the book.
afford to do sth. : I can
afford to buy the book.
（
can
/can
’
t
）
afford sth.
前面一般都要加情态动词
“
can/can
’
t
”
★
weak adj.
弱的
★
interrupt v.
插话
,
打断
（
n.
）
in
terruption
disturb :
打扰某人
interrupt :
打断某人的话
Sorry
to...
【
Text
】
Lesson 15 Good news
佳音
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
What was the good news?
The
secretary
told
me
that
Mr.
Harmsworth
would
see
me.
I
felt
very
nervous
when I went into his office. He did not look up
from his desk when
I entered. After I
had sat down, he said that business was very bad.
He told
me that the firm could not
afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people
had already left. I knew that my turn
had come.
'orth,' I said in a weak
voice.
'Don't interrupt,' he said.
Then
he
smiled
and
told
me
I
would
receive
an
extra
thousand
pounds
a
year!
参考译文
秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我
.
我走进他的办公室
,
感到非常紧
张
.
我进去的时候
,
他连头也没抬
.
待我坐下后
,
他说生意非常不景气
.
他还告诉我
,
公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支
,
有
20
个人已经离去
.
我知道这次该轮到我了
.
“哈姆斯沃斯先生
,
“我无力地说
.
“不要打断我的话
,
“他说
.
然后他微笑了一下告诉我说
,
我每年将得到
1,000
英镑的额外收入
.
【课文讲解】
look down
upon/on sb :
瞧不起某人
I look down upon my sister.
I look down
往地上看
,
反义词
: look up
Business is very good!
生意好
!
The firm
could not afford to pay such large
salaries.
（此句要求背诵）
collect salary
领薪水
pay salary
支付薪水
large:
一般指东西的数量
so
的后面加形容词或副词
such
的后面加名词
,
容许在该名词前面加修饰词
所有的间接引语都是宾语从句
My
turn has come.
It is my
turn.
轮到我了（口语常用形式）
in a ... voice
in a
loud
（大声）
/low
（低声）
/weak
（强调心里不踏实）
/st
rong
（理直
气壮）
voice
a year
19
以下几个词都可表示
“再
,
又”
的意思
,
注意用法
:
1
、
an
extra thousand
（作名词看）
再有多少
:
数量
+extra+
名词
2
、
two others :
two other +
名词
3
、
two more : two
more chairs
4
、
once more:
再一次
5
、
another three
days :
只有
another
的数词在后面
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
间接引语（宾语从句）
:
是陈述句的间接引语
.
一、主从一致
:
主句和从句的时态一致
1.
主句的动词为一般现在时
,
从句为任意时态
2.
主句的动词为一般过去时
,
从句为相对应的过去时态
（过去时
:
一般过去时
,
过去进行时
,
过去完成时
,
过去将来时）
一般现在时——
一般过去时
现在进行时——
过去进行时
现在完成时——
过去完成时
将来完成时——
过去将来完成时
一般过去时——
过去完成时
二、人称变化
主要是第一和第二人称变化
,
设身处地
三、只要属于宾语从句
,
引导词
that
可以省略
Exercises B
1 He ______ me
that she ______
（
come
）
tomorrow.
2 The
gardener ______ that he ______
（
cut
）
that tree down
yesterday.
3 I ______ you I ______
（
have
）
neve
r played tennis before.
4 What ______
he ______ that he ______
（
do
）
?
5 When ______ he ______ you that he
______
（
buy
）
this car?
6 He ______ he ______ <
/p>
（
cannot
）
understand me.
7 He ______ that he
______
（
work
）
all day yesterday.
8 He ______
me he never ______
（
write
）
letters to anybody.
9 Why ______ you ______ that you ______
（
be
）
busy?
10 He ______ that he
______
（
will
wait
）
for me.
后面有
“人”
用
t
ell,
否则用
say
;
would come
; had cut
; had
never had
; say; had done/would do/did
; tell; had bought
;
couldn't
; had worked
; had
never written
; say; were busy
10. said; would wait
先根据原句填时态
,
再把这句话放到整篇文章中检验
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
office :
办公室
study :
书房
desk :
课桌
Exercises
1 We shall use the spare room in our
new house as a ______ .
2 Smith works
in a lawyer's ______ .
3 She felt very
______ before the plane took off
4 I
can only ______ to pay
￡
100
a week rent.
5 Since his illness he has
been very ______ . He is always losing his temper.
s
ble : Since his illness=>
自从他生了病
since
+
名词
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
6
______ turn is it? It's your turn.
whom
6.....d...
（书面语）
my turn has
come,
（口语）
it is my turn
轮到谁
: whose turn
（
is
it
）
?who is next?
10 It's your turn ______ .
's your line 's your row 're next 's
your chance
10...c...
It's
your 're next.
12
The
writer
would
receive
an
extra
￡
1,
000
a
year.
He
would
get
￡
1,
000 a year ______ .
12....
extra,other,more,another, over
最灵活的是
more,two more eggs,once
more
more
可以放数词和名词之间
,
甚至可以放在整个名词的后面
ext
ra
和
other
一定放在数词和名词
之间
,
another
一定放在数词前面
over sth :
超过（多余）什么东西
, over three years
up :
往上
, climb up
【语法精粹】
一般过去进行时
:
跟过去的一个时间或动作同时发生
间接引语
如果是现在进行时在直接引语当中变成间接引语
,
极有可能选用过去
完成时
brother____while he____his bicycle and
hurt himself.
/was riding /was riding
fallen/rode fallen/was riding
20
f
ell
（跌下来）
,ride
（骑自行
车）
Ａ
____his leg as he_____in a football
match.
/played breaking/was playing
/was playing breaking/played
break one's leg C
father
will be here tomorrow.
I thought that
he____today.
coming coming
come A
be
coming
表示将要
go/com
e/leave/arrive
的过去进行时态很有可能表达过去将来时态的含义
跟
go/come/leave/arri
ve
相连的词一定会用进行时态表示将来时态
was going out of the shop when he
collided with an old woman
who____
coming
been coming come
collide :
相撞
,
是相对概念
B
couldn't come to the
telephone when called her because
she___C__in the lab.
been
working been working
working
§
Lesson 16 A
polite request
彬彬有礼的要求
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
park v.
停放（汽车）
parking,
stop
stop the car :
车在运动中停下来
park :
停放
parking area :
停车场
★
traffic n.
交通
traffic police
:
交通警
traffic
lights :
交通灯
,
另义为拐
弯口
,
红绿灯
,
十字路口
first
crossing/turning :
叉路口
,
拐角
traffic jam :
交通堵塞
in the
traffic jam
I spend a lot of time in
traffic jam
heavy traffic :
繁重的交通
in heavy
traffic :
交通拥挤
I
was ordered to drive in heavy traffic.
★
ticket n.
交通违规罚款单
★
note n.
便条
message :
消息
note :
纸条
,
纸钞
make notes :
做笔记
★
area n.
地段
21
area :
场地
,
地段（一块对方）
,
大地点
,
小地点都可以
place :
地点
region :
地区（交战
,
开火）
In this
region,there were a lot of
wars.
战火连绵
★
sign n.
指示牌
★
reminder n.
提示
remind v. :
提示
,
提醒
remind sb of sth : An older photo can
remind me of my childhood.
You remind
me of your mother.
remind sb to do sth:
reminder :
可以指人
,
可以指物
,
如上例中的
an older photo,you
★
fail v.
无视
,
忘记
fail v.
失败
1
、
fail+
宾语
:
失败做某事
2
、
fail in doing
sth :
在某些方面失败
He
failed./He failed
（
in
）
examination.
“
in
”
可省略
3
、
fail to do :
没有能够在某事
He failed
to swim acrooss the river.
4
、
not fail to do
sth.
一定能够某事
I can
not fail to pass it.
You can not fail
to drive it.
你一定能够驾驶
If you receive a request like this,You
can not fail to obey it.
If you arrived
in Beijing ,you cannot fail to find the New
Oriental
School.
★
obey v.
服从
【
Text
】
Lesson 16 A polite request
彬彬有礼的要求
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
What was the polite request?
If you park your car in the wrong
place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
You will be very lucky if he lets you
go without a ticket. However, this does
not
always
happen.
Traffic
police
are
sometimes
very
polite.
During
a
holiday in Sweden, I found this note on
my car: 'sir, we welcome you to our
city. This is a
attention to
our street signs. This note is only a reminder.'
If you receive a
request like this, you
cannot fail to obey it!
参考译文
一旦你把汽车停错了地方
,
交通警很快就会发现
.
如果他没给你罚单就
放你走了
,
算你走运
.
然而
,
情况并不都是这样
,
交通警有时也很客气
.
有一次在瑞典度假
,
我发现我的车上有这样一个字条
:
“先生
,
欢迎您
光临我们的城市
.
此处是‘禁止停车’区
.
如果您对我们街上的标牌稍
加注意
,
您在此会过得很愉快的
.
谨此提请注意
.
“如果你收到这样的
恳求
,
你是不会不遵照执行的
!
【课文讲解】
fail,fail
to do sth,not fail to do sth :
一定能够做
park :
停放
in the wrong
place
wrong :
不合适的
,
right :
合适的
He is the right person who you are
looking for.
They
met
（
A met
B
）
in the wrong place at the
wrong time.
You met the wrong person in
the wrong place at the wrong time.
真实条件句
:
假设很有可能发生
.If it snows
只要是状语从句
,
一律用一般现在取代一般将来
如果在条件从句中
,
从句往往是一般现在时
,
主句仍然为一般将来时
真实条件句中
,
从句往往为现在时
,
主句中会用一般将来时或祈使句
If
he is sleeping,don't wake him up.
If
引导的叫条件句
,
without
后面的名词也叫条件
without+n. :
如果没有
Without water,fish cannot live.
however=but,
然而
however
常常放在句首或句子中都可以
, but
习惯放在两个句子之间
but
转折性语义比较强
,
however
转折语义比较弱
traffic police :
交通警
sometimes :
有几次
,
有时
,
偶尔
on my car :
指车的外面
sir,
直接称呼的时候不和姓相连
1.
表示尊称
2.
可以不知道对方姓什么
,
只要知道对方是男性就可以
welcome sb to+
地点
:
欢迎某人来某地
pay attention to :
注意（思想上）
if.
真实条件
You will enjoy your stay here,enjoy :
享受
, stay
（
< br>n.
）
I have
enjoyed my stay
here.
我已经在这儿很快乐了
Enjoy your stay
here.
祝你玩得开心
only
a reminder==not a ticket
receive a
request like this,cannot fail to obey it
总结
1
、主句会有祈使句
,
一般将来时
,
情态动词
2
、
without+
名词
:
如果没有
,
起了条件的作用
withou
your help/rain
3
、
however=but,
往往一出现
,
前后都有标点符号隔开
,
后面会加逗号
,
but
不会
4
、
对一个不认识的男士
, sir;
mister
的后面一定要加姓
,
sir
的后面不能加
姓
sir/madam
（女士）
5
、
enjoy your stay
here
I have enjoyed my stay here.
5
、
You cannot fail
to obey it:
你一定会遵守
22
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Exercises C
1 If it ______
（
r
ain
）
, I shall take an
umbrella with me.
2 You never ______
（
pass
）
th
is test if you don't work hard.
3 If he
______
（
be
）
here before 10 o'clock, I shall see him.
4 If he plays well, he ______
（
get
）
into the
team.
5 If he ______
（
enjoy
）
concerts, why doesn't he come with us?
6 Tell him to wait for me if he ______
（
be
）
no
t in a hurry.
,shall do
never pass
get
, why
doesn't
跟第三人称连用
,
是一种建议
; why
not
连在一起表
示建议
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
police,
一定会做复数看待
b. pay attention to,care,take care
of,look after
pay attention to :
思想上注意
, notice :
眼睛上的注意
care
:
关心
,
在意
,
I
don't
care
:
我不在乎
,
who
cares
:
我不在乎
（谁在乎
!
）<
/p>
take care of==look after :
照顾
,
照料
c. remind and remember
remind :
提醒
,
remind sb of sth, remind sb to do sth
remember :
记起
,
记得
（
1
）
Do you remember?
你想起来了吗
?remember sth
（
2
）
remember
记得吗
?
（可以单独用）
（
3
）
remember to do sth :
记得要去做
, remember to send the
letter
remember doing sth :
记得已经做了
,I remembered sending
the letter.
Remember sb to your another
:
前者向后者表示问候
Remember me to your mother :
代我向你母亲问好
送行
: goodbye
Have you enjoy your stay here? I have
enjoyed my stay here.
Remember me to
your family.
代我向你的家人问好
Today I will meet sb at the
airport/station.
Hello,good
morning,/afternoon.
Long time no see.
How are you?Fine,thank you,and you?I am
fine too,thank you.
Welcome to Beijing.
多看看英文原版影片
,
如《与狼共舞》等
Exercise
（选择正确的词）
1 You
can only learn if you
（
look
after
）
（
pay
attention
）
.
2
Don't forget to
（
remind
）
（
remember
）<
/p>
me about it tomorrow.
3 The police
（
is
knocking
）
（
are
knocking
）
at the door.
4 Our neighbours
will
（
pay attention
to
）
（
look
after
）
our house when we are
extra
做定语时
,
一定要放在被修饰词前面
one extra thousand
away.
5
（
Remind
me
）
（
Remember
me
）
to your wife.
1...pay attention...
look af
ter
……
look+prep.+
宾
语
pay
attention
（
to
sth.
）
:
注意
只有当你注意的时候
,
你才会学到东西
.
2....remind...
remind sth.
remind sth.
think of = think about :
思考
,
考虑
3....are knocking...
4....look after...
照料
5....Remember
me...
典型的问候语
,
“向某人表达问候”
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
1
Traffic police are ______ .
onally very
polite very polite
very polite very
polite
1...
seldom :
很少（否定意思）相当于
“
not
”
来理解
occasionally=sometimes :
偶尔
hardly :
几乎不（否定意思）
I'hardly went there.
6‘No
Parking’means ______ .
't
leave your car here t parking
't stop
's no room to park here
No Parking :
park :
停放（侧重放）
stop :
让运动中的东西停下来
leave
leave :
离开
,
留下来
,
丢在某地（一定要加宾语和地点）
I left keys at
home.
I left my wallet in
the taxi.
7 This note is only a
reminder. It's ______ .
g one g extra
g more
only
nothing :
东西
,
事情
no one :
人
nothing extra :
×
nothing more :
√
nothing
……不定代词
不定代词的修饰词
,
要放在不定代词的后面
anything important :
重要的事情
It is
nothing,
他什么都不是
.
two more.../...more
可以放在被修饰词前面或后面
9
You will enjoy your stay. It will ______ you.
at
9....d...
enjoy
的典型用法
:
主语从宾语身上得到享受
laugh at
（
sb.
）
:
嘲笑某人
amuse
（
sb.
< br>）
:
让某人笑出来
please
（
sb.
）
:
让某人高兴
;
取悦
可以直接加人的动词
:
shock,surprise,amuse,please,worry
共同特征
:
和人的感觉相连
be worried about :
为
...
担心
I am worried about my
house.
My house worries me.
我的房子让我担心
.
§
Lesson 17
Always young
青春常驻
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
appear v.
登场
,
扮演
appear :
显示
,
露面
反义词
:
disappear
（都是不及物动词）
The plane disappeared.
The
plane appeared.
The actor appeared.
appear as :
扮演
...
角色
He appeared as
a prince.
（王子）
on
the stage;
在舞台上
appear on the stage
as....
（扮演的确切表达）
My aunt appeared on the stage as a
young girl.
I work as a
teacher.
（最常用的介绍某人做什么工作的）
She worked as a nurse.
appear :
露面
,
显得（系动词）后面直接加形容词
He appears
nervous.
他显得很紧张（看起来）
He appears happy.
I appears
tired.
★
stage n.
舞台
on the stage :
在舞台上
in the stage
:
在某一阶段（时期）
★
bright adj.
鲜艳的
bright red :
鲜红色
bright yellow
:
明黄色
bright blue
:
宝蓝色
★
stocking n.
（女用）长筒袜
（棉的
,
绒的
,
并不是现在的丝袜）
★
sock n.
短袜
【
Text
】
Lesson 17 Always young
青春常驻
23
First listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why doesn't Aunt Jennifer tell anyone
how old she is?
My aunt Jennifer is an
actress. She must be at least thirty-five years
old. In
spite
of
this,
she
often
appears
on
the
stage
as
a
young
girl.
Jennifer
will
have
to
take
part
in
a
new
play
soon.
This
time,
she
will
be
a
girl
of
seventeen. In the play, she must appear
in a bright red dress and long black
stockings.
Last
year
in
another
play,
she
had
to
wear
short
socks
and
a
bright, orange-coloured dress. If
anyone ever asks her how old she is, she
always answers, 'Darling, it must be
terrible to be grown up!'
参考译文
我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员
,
她至少也
有
35
岁了
.
尽管如此
,
她却常在舞
台上扮演小姑娘
.
詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出
.
这一次
,
她将
扮演一个
17
岁的少女
.
演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长
筒袜
.
去年在演另一个剧时
,
她不得
不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣
服
.
一旦有人问起她有多大年纪
,
她总是回答
:
“亲爱的
,
长成大人真
可怕啊
!
”
【课文讲解】
actress :
女演员
:
以
-ress
结尾的
,
是女性
actor :
男演员
:
以
-or,-er
结尾的
,
是男性
waiter :
男服务员
waitress :
女服务员
prince :
王子
princess :
公主
god:
神（
God:
上帝
,
注意
“
G
”
大写）
goddess :
女神
lion :
公狮子
lioness :
母狮子
doctor :
男医生
woman doctor :
女医生
thirty-five
years old :
三十五岁
must be
must +
动词原形
:
“不得不
,
必须
:
（对现在的）推测”
least
……
little
的最高级
“至少
,
最少”
at most
……
“最多”
She is fifteen years old.
她五岁了
She must be
fifteen years old.
她很可
能五岁
She must be at most fifteen years old.
她最多五岁
She must be
at least fifteen years old.
她至少五岁
She must be
a model.
in spite of :
尽管
（
“<
/p>
of
”
为介词
,
后面一定会加名词或代词）
in
spite of this :
尽管如此
In spite of this,I still like
school.
“
school
”
前不加
“
the
”
表示上学
,
加
“
the
”
只表示学校
join:
参加了某一种团体
take part in
:
参加某一种活动
attend :
出席
join the army
:
参军
join the
party :
入党
join
us:
（口）加入我们（这个团体）中来
24
join sb./sth.
take part in
the race :
参加比赛
take part in a play
take
part in the party
attend the meeting :
参加会议
,
出席会议
attend the
party :
出席宴会
attend the class :
上课
Thank you for
your attending.
谢谢大家的出席（到来）
Thank you for your
listening.
谢谢大家的听讲
This time :
这一次
a girl of seventeen
两种年龄的表达
:
She is eighteen years old.
She is a girl of eighteen.
must do : 1
、必须做
＝
have to;
2
、推测
in
……（介词）穿着
...
样的衣服
（
+
颜色、衣服）
用介词短语取代动词
,
避免了一句话中出现两个动词
The
boy in green.
in a bright red dress :
鲜红色的连衣裙
long
black stocking :
长的黑色长筒袜
last year in another
play
（表示扮演过很多的角色）
had to :
必须（不能加介词
,
+
动词原形）
bright,orange-coloured dress :
鲜艳的桔黄色衣服
ever==at
any time :
任何时候（时间副词）
it must be :
一定（推测）
must
+
原形……对现在的推测
it
……形式主语
,
用不定式做真正的主语
grown
up :
（形容词短语）成年人
grow up :
（人）成长
be grown-up :
作为一个成年人
must be
thirty-five years old
当有人问你年龄时
,
你可以这样回答
:
It is a secret/It is
privacy.
I forget it. / twenty-nine
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Must
的用法
:
Must+
原形……
（
1
）＝
have to
“不得不
,
必须”
（
2
）
（对现在的）推测
在过去时的句子中
,
要用
have to
来表示
“必须”
have to
……可以有任意时态
She will have to...
She had
to...
She has to...
She
has/I have had to...
have
to
……作为实义动词
,
否定式为
don't have to
will not have to
didn't have
to
对现在的推测
: must
do
对过去的推测
: must
have done
在
I
thinks...
的从句中
,
一定要用事实说话
.
（不能说成
“
I think
he must
be a fool.
”
）
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
3
She must be at least thirty-five years old. In my
opinion she ______ .
（
3
）
...b...
in one's opinion=I think
“就某人看来”
,
后面一定是事实
in one's opinion
常常取代
I think, I
think
太强调个人观点
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
（
a
）
As: As a young girl...
（介词）
作为
As I l
earned,...
（
as
作代词用
）
“正如”
As I am
busy==because
“由于”
As I was leaving the
house...==when
“当
...
< br>时”
Do as you are
told.
（
the thing that
< br>）叫你怎么做就怎么做（按你被告知
的那样去做）
: as
……方式状语从句的引导词
I work as...
“作为
...
工作”
（
b
）
Dress,Suit,Costume:
dress :
“裙子
,
晚礼服
,
连衣裙”
（女式）
suit :
“套装”
（男式）
costume :
“演出服
,
民族服装
,
某一年代所穿的服装”
（
c
）
Grow,Gro
w up :
grow :
“长”
grow up :
“生长
,
成长”
（指人）
Exercises B.
Choose the correct words in the following
sentences:
选择正确的词
:
1 Trees take a
long time to
（
grow
）
（
grow
up
）
.
2 My father
bought a new
（
suit
）
（
costume
）
recently
3 She hired a
（<
/p>
suit
）
（
c
ostume
）
for the fancy-dress
party.
4 Do you like my sister's new
（
dress
）
（<
/p>
costume
）
?
< br>（
1
）
...grow...
（
2
）
...
suit...
（
3
）
...costume...
fancy-dress-party :
化妆舞会
hire :
雇
,
租
（
4
）
...dress...
Must:
推测
;
必须＝
have to
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
1
The story about Jennifer suggests that ______ .
is not too old to appear on stage as a
young girl
25
is too young to appear on stage as a
young girl
is the right age to appear
on stage as a young girl
is too old to
appear on stage as a young girl
（
1
）
...d...
suggest :
暗示
right age :
适合的年龄
too...to... :
太
..
.
以至于不能
2 One of
these statements is true. Which one?
know exactly how old Jennifer is.
do
not know exactly how old Jennifer is.
er is thirty-five years old.
er is over thirty-five years old.
（
2
）
...b...
She must be...
推测
exactly:
（副词）
确切地
exact
words:
确切的话
:
What
’
s his exact
words?
7 She had to wear
short socks. It was ______ for her to wear them.
n ary ant ible
（
7
）
...
it is + a.+to do...
形式主语
“某人做某件事情
...
”
It is
troublesome to learn English. / It is easy to do
sth.
It is
troublesome for us to learn English.
（
for
sb.
）为逻辑主语
have to do =sth is
necessary
（
adj, necessarily
adv
）
You have to
go home.=It is necessary for you to go home.
8
She
often
appears
as a
young girl.
She ______ on
the
stage
as
a
young
girl.
presented
（
8<
/p>
）
.....
appear :
扮演
,
本意为
“出现
,
显示”
seems :
看起来
,
似乎
be on show :
展览
,
演出
show :
显示
,
给
...
看
be presented :
出席
√（过去的习惯用法）
be present :
出席（反义
: be absent
:
缺席）
11 Men
usually wear ______ .
instead of
stockings ngs instead of socks
socks
or stockings r socks nor stockings
（
11
）
...a...
instead of :
代替
sock :
短袜
either...or... :
或者
...
或者
stocking
:
长筒袜（女用）
neither...nor... :
即不
...
也不
...
in
stead of
后面的词
,
往往是没做或不做的事情
12
She is grown up. She is ______ .
old
adolescent c.a teenage adult
（
< br>12
）
....d...
grown ] adj.
长大的
,
成年的
,
长满某物的
grown up :a
dj
成年的
,
成熟的
< br>
n
成年人
grow up;
成长
adolescent adj
.
青春期的（
13-16
岁）
,
青春的
n.
青少年
adolescent criminal :
青春期犯罪
teenager :
十几岁的人
（
10-20
岁）男女青少年
adult :
成年人
§
Lesson 18 He
often does this!
他经常干这种事
!
这一课省略不讲
,
自己看
.
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
pub n.
小酒店
★
landlord n.
店主
★
bill n.
帐单
【
Text
】
Lesson 18 He often does this!
他经常干这种事
!
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
What had happened to the writer's bag?
After I had had lunch at a village pub,
I looked for my bag. I had left it on a
chair beside the door and now it wasn't
there! As I was looking for it, the
landlord came in.
'Did you
have a good meal?
'Yes, thank you,' I
answered, 'but I can't pay the bill. I haven't got
my bag.'
The
landlord
smiled
and
immediately
went
out.
In
a
few
minutes
he
returned with my bag and gave it back
to me.
'I'm very sorry,' he said. 'My
dog had taken in into the garden. He often does
this!'
参考译文
我在一家乡村小酒店吃过午饭后
,
就找我的提包
.
我曾把它放在门边的
椅子上
,
可这会儿不见了
!
当我正在寻找时
,
酒店老板走了进来
.
“您吃得好吗
?
”
他问
.
“很好
,
谢谢
.
“我回答
,
“但我付不了帐
,
我的提包没有了
.
“
酒店老板笑了笑
,
马上走了出去
.
一会儿工夫他拿着我的提包回来了
,
把它还给了我
.
“实在抱歉
,
“他说
,
“我的狗把它弄到花园里去了
,
他常
干这种事
!
”
have
的用法
:
have
dinner,have a cigarette,have coffee,have a
holiday,have a good time
have a
swim,have a rest
have a pen,have a
headache
1
、
have
做
“有
,
患病”
概念时
,
可作为实义动词
,
也可作为非实义动
词
.
疑问句和否定句构成
:
26
实义动词
:
通过助动词
: I
don
’
t have a pen/a headache.
非实义动词
:
直接加
not: I
haven
’
t a pen /a headache. <
/p>
2
、
have
只
能作为非实义动词
,
如果一个词是以完成时态出现的
I
have arrived./I haven’t arrived.
3
、
have
只能作为实义
动词
I
have a holiday./I don't have a holiday.
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Exercises C
In which of these sentences
can we put the verb got after have?
三种情况
:
那些时候
have
可以用
have
got
取代
①
I have a pen. I
have got a pen.
“有”
②
I
have a headache. I have got a headache.
“得病”
③
have to== have
got to
以上三种情况
have ==have got
在下面哪几句话中可用
have
got
来代替
have?
1 He
had a drink before dinner.
⑴
...
不换
...
2 Mrs.
Sullivan has a lot of money.
⑵
...
换
...
有钱
3 He had to
leave early.
⑶
...
换
...
4 We have had a long
conversation.
⑷
...
不换
...
进行
5 My mother has a headache.
⑸
...
换
...
患病
6 They had a
good time at the party.
⑹
...
不换
... have a good/long time
:
过
的愉快（固定短语）
7 This sock has a hole in it.
⑺
...
换
...
8 She has to be patient with him.
⑻
...
换
...
has to
（
patient
n.
病人
,
患者
adj.
忍耐的
,
耐心的）
9 I have a
bath every day.
⑼
...
< br>不换
... have a swim,have a bath
10 This room has four windows.
< br>⑽
...
换
...
11 He has a farm.
⑾
...
换
...
12
We
had
a
letter
from
Jill
yesterday.
⑿
...
不
换
...
have
a
letter
from==receive a letter from
收到
§
Lesson 19 Sold out
票已售完
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
hurry v.
匆忙
in a hurry
（
n.
）
:
匆忙
If you are not in a hurry.
如果你不急（时间、动作上的）
If
you are not busy.
如果你不忙（行为上的）
in no
hurry
（
n.
）
< br>
:
不匆忙
I am in no
hurry.
我不急
hurry
up
（
v.
）
:
快点
go to :
去
hurry to :
匆匆忙忙地去
He goes to
school.=He hurries to school.
come in :
进来
hurry in :
匆匆忙忙地进来
go out :
出去
hurry out :
匆匆忙忙地出去
★
ticket office
售票处
★
pity n.
令人遗憾的事
pity
（
n.
）
What a pity!
真遗憾
!
It is a pity.
It
is a pity to be grown up.
（
i
t
做形式主语）
It is a
pity to steal a bicycle.
I am sorry
（
a.
）
.
我感到很遗憾
.
I am sorry to hear
that.
听到这个消息我很遗憾
注意
sorry
与
pity
词性上的区别
★
exclaim v.
大声说
shout :
大声喊＝
cry,call out
★
return v.
退回
return to :
回来
return to
China/Beijing
回到中国
/
北京
return to you
退
回你
return money :
还钱
＝
pay back,repay
★
sadly adv.
悲哀地
,
丧气地
涵盖了所有悲哀
【
Text
】
Lesson 19 Sold out
票已售完
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
When will the writer see the play?
'The play may begin at any moment,' I
said.
'It may have begun already,'
Susan answered.
I hurried to the ticket
office. 'May I have two tickets please?' I asked.
'I'm sorry, we've sold out,' the girl
said.
'What a pity!' Susan exclaimed.
Just then, a man hurried to the ticket
office.
'Can I return these two
tickets?' he asked.
'Certainly,' the
girl said.
I went back to the ticket
office at once.
'Could I have those two
tickets please?' I asked.
'Certainly,'
the girl said, 'but they're for next Wednesday's
performance. Do
you still want them?'
'I might as well have them,' I said
sadly.
参考译文
“剧马上就要开演了
,
“我说
.
“也许已经开演了呢
,
“苏珊回答说
.
我匆匆赶到售票处
,
问
:
“我
可以买两张票吗
?
”
“对不起
,
票已售完
.
“那位姑娘说
.
“真可惜
!
”
苏珊大声说
.
正在这时
,
一个男子匆匆奔向售票处
.
27
“
我可以退掉这两张票吗
?
”
他问
.
“当然可以
,
“那姑娘说
.
我马上又回到售票处
.
“我可以买那两张票吗
?
”
我问
.
“当然可以
,
不过这两张票是下星期三的
,
您是否
还要呢
?
”
“我还是买下的好
,
“我垂头丧气地说
.
【课文讲解】
at any
moment :
在任何时候
,
随时
at the moment
:
＝
now
at that
moment :
＝
just then
就在那时
I will help
you at any time.
我随时都会帮你
may+
动词原形
“可能”
may
（
must,can't
）
have
done
……对过去的推测
must
,can't,may+
动词原形
,
表示对现在、未来的推测
must
:
一定
,
很可能
She must be a model.
may :
有可能
She may be a
model.
can't :
不可能
She can't be
a model.
She must
（
may,can't
）
have
been a model.
I must have watched
TV
.
I may have watched
TV
.
I can't have watched
TV
.
I hurried to the ticket
office.
匆忙地
May I
do...?
我可以吗
?
（用
“
may
”
表示
“我可以吗
?
”
,
只能与第
一人称相连）
have
是最活跃的词
,
可以指任何的意思
.
have coffee :
喝咖啡
have ticket :
买票
（习惯用法）
I'll have/take sth.
< br>我买
...
（一般不用
“
buy
”
,
习惯用法）
sell out :
卖完了
what a pity!
真令人遗憾
!
Can
（
May
）
I...?
我可以
...
吗
?
Can you...?
你可以
...
吗
?
（第二人称不能用
“
may
”
来表示
“你可以
....
吗
?
”
< br>
,
只能用
“
can
you....?
”
）
Could
I...?
我现在可以
...
吗
?
（在问句中更委婉的说法
,
比
can
I
更礼貌
些）
they
指
tickets
for next Wednesday's performance
用名词所有格来取代时间
:
“
...
时间的”
用介词
for,
起修饰作用
ticket
for+
事情
ticket
to+
地点
May I have a ticket to Tianjing?
May I have a ticket for the sports
meeting?
May I have a ticket ?
（英文中的问句
,
常常起礼貌作用）
May I
have your name?
比
“
What
’
s your
name?
”
更有礼貌些
still :
还……可以和任意时态连用
still,
yet
……都和完成时态连用（原先认为）
want them
注意连读
might as well,may as
well+
动词原形
,
“还是
...
好”
（无可奈何）
had better
:
“最好”
+
动词原形（积极心态）
I might as well
take the umbrella with me.
共有的概念
“推测”
十七课
:
对现在的推测
十九课
:
对现在和过去的推测
不在于
must,may,can't
是什么时态
,
而在于后面加的是原形还是
have
done.
加原形是对现在的推测
,
加
have
done
对过去的推测
.
may :
⑴推测
“可能”
⑵
“可以”
May I do
sth.?
我可以做某事吗
?
⑶
may,might
（
can,could
）
对语气的强弱
I.
除了
“
mi
ght
”
“
could
”
是
“
may
”
“
can
”
的过去式的概念外
II.
在表达
“可以
...
吗
?
”
时
,
可以用
“
might
”
“
could
”
< br>
替换
“
may
”
“
can
”
,
而区别在于语气上更委婉些
III.
在表示
“推测”
句型中
,
并不用
“
m
ight
”
“
could
”
来表示对
过去的推测
,
只能是
“推测”
的可能性比
“
may
”
“
can
”
更小些
的意思
, must->may
->might->can
’
t
（推测
的可能性语气下降）
may as well=might
as well
“还是
...
好”<
/p>
上述所讲是对现在和未来的推测
,
对过去的推测要用虚拟语气
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
2
The writer ______ .
very pleased to
get tickets for next Wednesday's performance
't buy tickets for next Wednesday's
performance
't want tickets for next
Wednesday's performance
't too pleased
to get tickets for next Wednesday's performance
2.
（
d
）
be pleased to do
对做什么事感到很开心
文中用了
“
might as
well
”
be pleased to. .
高兴
be too pleased
to
太高兴
be not too pleased to
too...
to...
太怎么样以至于没做（
too old to
learn
太老而不能学）
not
too...to...
太怎么样以至于还是做了（
not
too old to learn
不是太老还
可以学）
3 The play may begin at any moment. It
______ .
begun 't begin for a long
time
't begun yet a long time ago
3.
（
c
）
may+
动词原形
;
对现在或未来动作的推测
28
a. has begun
已经完成
,
说明已经做了
b.
won
’
t begin for a long time
好久都不会开始
c. began
a long time ago
过去做了
7 I might as well have them. I am
______ to have them.
pleased glad
very glad ted
7.
（
c
）
9 ‘What a
pity!’ Susan exclaimed. Susan was ______
.
d
9.
< br>（
c
）
§
Lesson 20 One
man in a boat
独坐孤舟
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
catch v.
抓到
catch
fish,catch thief
catch cold :
染上感冒
catch a bus
:
赶车
catch one's
breath :
摒住呼吸
catch sight of = see :
看见
catch fire :
着火
catch one's
eyes :
吸引某人注意力
★
★
boot n.
靴子
a pair of
boots
★
waste n.
浪费
You are
wasting time.
a waste of
It
is a waste of time/money/food.
★
realize v.
意识到
I realized
that I was wrong.
实现
,
realize one's dream
【
Text
】
Lesson 20 One man in a boat
独坐孤舟
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why is fishing the writer's favourite
sport?
Fishing
is
my
favourite
sport.
I
often
fish
for
hours
without
catching
anything. But this does not worry me.
Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead
of
catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I
am even less lucky. I
never
catch
anything
--
not
even
old
boots.
After
having
spent
whole
mornings on the river,
I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give
up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a
waste of time.' But they don't realize one
important thing. I'm not really
interested in fishing. I am only interested in
sitting in a boat and doing nothing at
all!
参考译文
钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动
.
我经常一钓数小时却一无所获
,
但我从
不为此烦恼
.
有些垂钓者就是不走运
,
他们往往鱼钓不到
,
却钓上来些
钓鱼人
,
渔民
旧靴子和垃圾
.
我的运气甚至还不及他们
.
我什么东西也未钓到过
--
就连旧靴子也没有
.
我总是在河上呆上整整一上午
,
然后空着袋子回家
.
“你可别再钓鱼
了
!
”
我的朋友们说
,
“这是浪费时间
.
“然而他们没
有认识到重要的一点
,
我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣
,
我感兴趣的只是独
坐孤舟
,
无所事事
!
【课文讲解】
fish
一般情况下作为不可数名词用
There are a lot of
fishes
（表示种类）
in the sea.
fish
（
v.
）
:
钓鱼
,
捕鱼
主语通常由名词和代词充当
,
以及动词
+ing,
如
eating,reading
等等
for+
时间……表示一段时间
for hours=for some hours
wit
hout
（
prep.
）
介词后面一定要加宾语
,
介词后面的动词一定要加
“
-ing
”
动词
+ing :
1.
做主语
;
2.
做宾语
anything
用在否定句中
without
作为状语而出现
,
表示结果状语
He went
out without saying any words.
Without
asking for money,the boy went to school.
without
后面的动作是主语来做的
（
v.
）
worry sb.
作动词一定要加人作宾语
,
翻译时从后往前翻
The house worried me. / My daughter
worried me.
（
adj.
）
be worried about
主语为宾语而感到担心
I was never worried about this. = This
does not worry me.
instead of
后面的词一定是没有做的
,
可以放在主句后面
without
强调没有做某件事
,
instead
of
强调这件事没做
成而做成了另外
一件事
instead
of:
我原准备做……但是后来做了……
I went to school instead of staying at
home.
我没呆在家里而是去上学了
I bought books instead of buying
dresses.
less+
原形
: A is less ... than B
（译为不如）
more
beautiful / less beautiful
spend+
时间
+
在某地
:
在某地度过……时间
after
（
conj.
）
+
从句
,
从句主语必须是主句的主语才能换成下面一种形
式
after
（
prep.
）
+
名词
/
动
词的
ing
形式
After I go to school,I learned a lot of
knowledge.
（
用一般式表示一个事实
,
不用
“
went
to
”
）
After going to school,I learned a lot
of knowledge.
With an empty bag
注意连读
with:
带着（状语）
without;
没带
I always go
home without angthing.
什么都没带回家
give up
doing sth :
放弃做某事
/stop doing
give up smoking.
be
interested in
主语对什么感兴趣
在船上
in a boat
29
not at
all
在否定句中起强调作用
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
细读下面的例句
,
特别注意用斜体印
出的以
-ing
结尾的词
.
a
动名词作主语
Eating is
always a pleasure.
吃总是一件愉快的事情
.
Watching television is my favourite
pastime.
看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱
好
.
Reading in bed is something
I always enjoy.
我总喜欢躺在床上看书
b
动名词作宾语
I am very keen on cycling.
我非常喜欢骑自行车
.
She is afraid of staying in that house
alone.
她害怕单独住在那间屋子里
.
He is capable of doing
anything.
他能胜任任何事情
.
c Note how these sentences
have been joined.
注意在以下例句中如何用动名词将两个短句连到一起
.
He sat there. He did not
say anything.
他坐在那儿
,
他什么话也不说
.
He sat there without saying anything.
他默默无语地坐在那里
.
He turned off the radio. He left
the room.
他关掉了收音机
,
他离开了房
间
.
Before
leaving
the
room,
he
turned
off
the
radio.
离开房间之前
,
他关掉
了收音机
.
He looked at this watch. He
hurried to the station.
他看了一下手表
.
他匆
忙赶到火车站
.
After looking at his watch,
he hurried to the station.
他看了一下手表之后
,
就匆忙赶往火车站
.
Or: After having looked at his watch,
he hurried to the station.
I
must
apologize.
I
interrupted
you.
我得表示道歉
.
我打断了你的说话
（工作）
.
I must apologize for
interrupting you.
由于打断了你的说话（工作）
,
我
得表示道歉
.
Or: I must apologize for
having interrupted you.
I must
apologize. I did not let you know earlier.
我得表示道歉
.
我没有早
一点让你知道
.
I must apologize for not
letting you know earlier.
由于没有早点让你知道
,
我得表示道歉
.
Or: I must apologize for not having let
you know earlier.
He congratulated me.
I won the competition.
他向我道贺
.
我赢得了这次
比赛
.
He congratulated me on
winning the competition.
在我赢得这次比赛之际
,
他向我祝贺
.
Or: He congratulated me on having won
the competition.
动词
+ing
（非谓语动词）可以做主语和宾语
b. be
keen on,be fond of,be interested
in,enjoy+
动词
ing :
喜欢做某事
be afraid
of
be up to ,be capable of
（
capable
adj.
有能力的
,
能干的
,
有可能的
,
可以
...
的）
without,
instead of
c. I apologize.
我道歉
（
apologize
vi.
道歉
,
辩白）
apologize for
（
not
）
doing sth.
为什么事情而道歉
thank
you for listening/attending
for
interrupting you
只强调这件事
（
doing
）
for
having
interrupted
you
强调这个动作先做了
,
强调时间
（
having
done
）
以上两者为时间概念不同
not doing
没做某事
congratulate sb. on doing sth.
（
congratulate
vt.
祝贺
,
庆贺
,
恭喜）
Exercises
C
（用括号中的词来连接下列句子
,
如需要可对原句进行必要
的改动）
went out of the restaurant.
（
without
）
He did not pay the bill.
t
without prep.+ doing
He went
out of the restaurant without paying the bill.
bought a pair of boots.
（
instead
of
）
She did not
get a pair of shoes.
d of
She bought a pair of boots instead of
getting a pair of shoes.
＝
She bought a pair of boots
instead of a pair of shoes.
was
afraid.
（
of
）
She did not spend the night alone.
She was afraid
of spending the night alone.
4.
< br>（
After
）
She heard the news. She fainted.
after+
从句
; after
prep.+doing
After hearing the news,she
fainted.
（
faint
n.
昏晕
,
昏倒
adj.
虚落地
,
衰弱
的
,
软弱的
,
无力的
,
微弱的
,
暗淡的
,
模糊的
vi.
昏晕
,
昏倒
,
变得微
弱
,
变得没气力）
carefully.
（
before
）
Answer my question.
Think carefully before
answering my question.
在回答我的问题之前
,
请仔细考虑
.
6.
（
On
）
I saw the plane coming towards me. I
dashed for cover
as soon as :
一
...
就
... : as soon as I
entered...
the moment
+
从句
: the moment
I had entered
以上两个主语不一定是同一个人
on
（
prep.
< br>）
+doing
两个动作必须是同一个人（即主句主语）
On seeing the plane coming towards me,
I dashed for cover.
（冲进掩护体
少量（搀加物）
,
冲撞
,
破折号
,
锐气
,
精力
,
干劲
vi.
猛掷
,
冲撞
vt.
泼溅
,
使猛撞
,
搀和
,
使破灭
,
使沮丧
,
匆忙完成）
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
30
细读以下例句
:
a Interested
and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.
Fishing is not interesting. I am not
really interested in fishing.
（
11.
7-8
）
钓鱼没意思
.
我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣
.
The match was very exciting. The crowd
got very excited.
比赛非常激动
人心
.
观众非常激动
.
b It's and Its. It's a waste of time.
（
11.
6-7
）
It's
（
= it
is
）
cold today.
It's raining too.
今天天气冷
.
而且正在下雨
.
The cat drank its milk.
猫喝了它的牛奶
.
This engine has lost its power.
这台发动机已失去了动力
.
c Realize and Understand. They don't
realize ...
（
1.
7
）
I realized he
was mad.
我意识到他疯了
.
He didn't realize that he
had made a mistake.
他没有意识到他犯了一个错
误
.
I don't understand English.
我不懂英语
.
Exercises
（选择正确的词填空）
1.I
（
realized
）
（
underst
ood
）
he was not
telling me the truth.
I
realized...
意识到
poem is difficult.
（
It's
）
（
Its
）
impossible for you to
（
understand
）
（
realize
）
（
its
）
（
it's
）
meaning.
...It's
impossible...to understand its meaning / for sb
逻辑主语
its
形容词性物主代词
poem n.
诗
,
象诗一样
,
美丽的东西
it's = it
is; it
作形式主语
was
some
（
excited
）
（
exciting
）
news on the radio.
3....exciting news...
excited
感动的
exciting
令人激动的
on the
radio
在广播上
Eg. :
I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on
the line
（在线）
.
is not an
（
inter
esting
）
（
< br>interested
）
person.
....an interesting
person
interested
感兴趣的
interesting
有趣的
is an
explorer. He leads an
（
excit
ed
）
（
e
xciting
）
life.
...an exciting life explorer
n.
探险家
,
探测者
,
探测器
lead a life <
/p>
过着
...
日子
lead a happy life
Eg.; He
leads a poor life.
excited
感到激动的
exciting
令人激动的
如果
-ed,-ing
做形容词即作定语时
,
和被修饰词有关
,
如题中
,
令人激
动的生活而非生活感到激动
6.I am not
（
inter
esting
）
（
< br>interested
）
in
other people's affairs.
....not
interested in ... affairs.
interested
感兴趣的
interesting
有趣的
be interested
in
对……感兴趣
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
2
The writer enjoys ______ .
ng fish g
nothing ng in the river
2.
...enjoys...C
catching fish
抓鱼
fishing
钓鱼
doing
nothing
什么都不做
swimming in the river
在河里游泳
enjoying
doing sth / enjoy + n.
I enjoy books.
I enjoy reading books.
6 His
bag is empty. He has ______ .
a.a empty
bag empty bag bag empty bag
6. ...He
has...B
an empty bag
one empty bag
an
指一个
,
强调名词
one
一个
,
强调
one,
强调数量
I have a garden.
I have one
garden.
强调
empty bag
I sent a letter.
I wrote one
word.
7 I am only interested in doing
nothing. That's ______ I'm interested in.
one only
7.
...That's...C
（
that's/the
）
only
一般加名词
that+
从句
,
从句往往以特殊疑问词引导
that's why
that's when
that's all
那就是一切
（
That
’
s all said.
）
That's all
（
I
heard
）
.
That's
all I can remember.
the one
指东西
,
不指事情
11 He always
goes ______ with an empty bag.
home
house the house
11. ...D
go home
习惯用法
,
最佳答案
go to the
house
语法正确
没有规则与语法相提并论时
,
语法为大
.
当语法与习惯用法相提并论时
,
习惯用法为大
.
Where are you
going?
（更习惯这么说）
Where are you going to?
§
Lesson 21 Mad
or not?
是不是疯了
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
mad adj.
发疯
sb is mad.
mad
常用于
“为
...
而疯狂”
（着迷）
①
be mad about
I'm mad about
English.
crazy
为……而疯狂的
②
be crazy about
③
go insane
（
insane
adj.
患精神病的
,
精神病患者的
,
极愚蠢的）
‘
right here waiting for
you
’
歌词中
I slowly go
insane./go crazy/go mad/go ?
go+adj.
变得
...
They are
going bananas. =go crazy=go mad
（变疯了）与
“
go
”
相连
★
reason n.
原因
as+
句子
because+
句子
for this reason
由于这个理由、原因
For
this reason,I was late.
★
sum
n.
量
a great many
+
可数名词复数
a large
...
a great number of +
可数名词复数
plenty of
足够的
a sum
of
一笔（加不可数名词）
注意连读
a large sum
of
大量的
（
large
指数量的大）
a large
sum of money
★
determined
adj.
坚定的
,
下决心的
determine
v.
下定决心
make up
one's mind
decide to do sth.
decision : make a decision :
make a decision to do sth.
be determined to do
sth.
下定决心做某事
【
Text
】
Lesson 21 Mad or not?
是不是疯了
?
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why do people think the writer is mad?
Aeroplanes
are
slowly
driving
me
mad.
I
live
near
an
airport
and
passing
planes can beheard night and day. The
airport was built years ago, but for
some reason it could not be used then.
Last year, however, it came into use.
Over
a
hundred
people
must
have
been
driven
away
from
their
homes
by
31
the noise.
I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think
this house will
be
knocked
down
by
a
passing
plane.
I
have
been
offered
a
large
sum
of
money to go away, but I
am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must
be mad and they are probably right.
参考译文
飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯
.
我住在一个机场附近
,
过往飞机日夜不绝于耳
.
机场是许多年前建的
,
但由于某种原因当时未能启用
.
然而去年机场开
始使用了
.
有
100
多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去<
/p>
,
我是少数留下
来的人中的一个
.
有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒
.
他们
曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走
,
但我决定留在这儿
.
大家都说我肯定是
疯了
,
也许他们说的是对的
.
【课文讲解】
Mad or
not? = mad or not mad
（省略）
?
or not
在疑问词的后面
,
表示是还不是
,
选择概念
Why do
people think the writer is mad?
drive
sb. mad
逼某人发疯
drive v.
驾驶
,
开车
You are driving me mad.
The
teacher is slowly driving me mad.
night
and day
日日夜夜
passing planes
过往飞机
; pass g
作定语
;
正在经过的（路过）
sleeping baby
正在睡觉的小孩
waiting
car
正在等待的车
be built
years ago = many
years ago
for some reason
由于某个理由
some +
可数名词单数
:
some
表示某一个
some+
不可数名词
:
一些
some water
some+
可数名词复数
:
一些
some books
some+
可数名词单数
:
某一
some book
however
用于句首
,
句中
,
用逗号隔开
come into
use : into prep.;
use
n.
投入使用
;
主动概念
,
没有被动式
be used
被动表示
被使用
use n. vt.
注意
n
与
vt
的读音不同
over a
hundred ...
一百多
must have done
过去发生
,
推测
must have been
done
被动
drive
逼
away from
从某地离开
/away
离开某地
their
homes
他们的家
;
house
房子
/home
家
by the noise
被噪音
over a
hundred people
主语
must have been done
谓语
away
from
从某地离开
; out
of somewhere
从某地出来
32
one of ...
之一
left : leave
过去分词
,
表示被留下来的
left
作定语放在被修饰词的后面
,
剩下的……东西
I have a
bag left.
There is ten cents left in my
pocket. Cent n.
（货币单位）分
,
分币
will be done
被动语态的将来时态
knock
down
撞到
offer : given, give sb. sth./give
sb.
双宾语
双宾语的被动语态
:
主语有两种可能
;
以
sb.
做主语或以
sth.
做
主语
被动语态的标志
be done
1
、
give sb. sth.
被动
sb. be given
sth.
2
、
give sth.
to sb.
被动
sth. be
given to sb.
用离动词最近的宾语做主语
原文句型结构
sb. be
offered sth.
to
不定式表示目的
go away :leave
be determined
to do sth.
下定决心做某事
Everybody says...
从句
I must be mad
they are probably
right.
他们也许是对的
probably adv.
很可能
文章重点
1.
复杂句型结构
:
over
a
hundred
people
must
have
been
driven
away
from their homes by the noise.
2.
双宾语的被动语态
:
I
have
been
offered
a
large
sum
of
money
to
go
away.
（表目的）
3. drive sb.; away from somewhere;
drive sb. mad
4. passing plane;
-ing
作定语
,
表示正在
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
drive v.
开车
,
驾驶
（
drove, driven,
driving
）
drive
to
开车去往某地
I drove to Tianjing yesterday
drive sb. mad
逼疯
drive sb. away from
把某人赶走
drive sb.
out of
把某人赶出去
drive sb. back
撵回去
home & house
home
带有感情色彩的
house
就是房子
Exercise B
用
house
（
s
）
或
home
填空
.
1 It was raining heavily
and I was glad to get ______ .
2 The
government plans to build thousands of ______ next
year.
3 He is very rich. He owns a
______ in the country.
4 Most people
like to spend their Christmas holidays at ______ .
1...get home
到家
（
home adv./house
n. get to
表示到达）
2...of houses...
3...a
house... 4...at home
（
at
home
固定短语
,
在家）
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
4
It couldn't be used then. It wasn't ______ to use
it.
d ible le
形式主语
it+be
动词
+
形容词
+to do
翻译时先译
“
to
”
后面的句子
D
正确
be
able to
强调主语能够做某事
,
主语必须是人
it+be
动词
+
表语
, be
allowed
不能充当表语
.
如将
“
it
”
改为
“
pe
ople
（人）
”
< br>就
A,B
都正确
5 Over a hundred people must have been
driven away. ______ they were.
a.I
think b.I'm sure n course
have been
done :
对过去的一种被动语态的推测
must have done :
对过去的一种推测
I'm sure
我肯定
:I
’
m sure she is teacher.
（
sure
adj.
对
....
有把握
,
确信某
事
,
稳当的
,
可靠的
adv.
的确
,
当然）
I think
我认为
Of course
当然
/ certain adj
词性不对
,
句子前不应放形容词
9 I
have been offered a large ______ of money.
9.a large sum of money
a large number of :
不能加不可数名词
A
正确
amount of
an amount of+
不可数
:
一大笔
plenty of :
前面是不加
“
a/an
”
,
切记
!
10 I am determined to stay here. I
______ stay here.
will to to going
to
going to;
打算、计划
want to :
来自心里的一种想
,
喜好
喜欢
I want to
§
Lesson 22 A glass envelope
玻璃信封
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
dream v.
做梦
,
梦想
have a dream
dream a dream
have a good
dream
sweet
Have a
good/sweat dream!
祝你做个好梦
!
33
She is
daydreaming.
白日梦
daydream :
思想开小差
dream of doing something :
梦想
think of :
想、考虑
dream of :
梦想
I dreamed of
flying in the sky.
I
dreamed of finding the gold. / I dream of be a
good teacher.
dream on
继续做梦
,
痴心妄想（做你的梦去吧
!
别痴心妄想了
!
）
dream boat :
梦中情人
,
梦寐以求的（物
,
人）
Do you have
dream boat ?
你有梦中情人吗
?
另
: dream that
+
从句
★
age n.
年龄
teengager :
十几岁的人
青春期（一般指成年以前
由
13
至
15
的发育期）
★
channel n.
海峡
★
throw v.
扔
,
抛
threw thrown
throw away
扔掉
【
Text
】
Lesson 22 A glass envelope
玻璃信封
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
How did Jane receive a letter from a
stranger?
My
daughter,
Jane,
never
dreamed
of
receiving
a
letter
from
a
girl
of
her
own age in Holland. Last year, we were
travelling across the Channel and
Jane
put a piece of paper with her name and address on
it into a bottle. She
threw the bottle
into the sea. She never thought of it again, but
ten months
later, she received a letter
from
a girl in Holland. Both girls
write to each
other
regularly
now.
However,
they
have
decided
to
use
the
post
office.
Letters will cost a
little more, but they will certainly travel
faster.
参考译文
我的女儿简从未想过会接到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信
.
去年
,
当我们横
渡英吉利海峡时
,
简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子
,
又将瓶子扔进了大海
.
此后她就再没去想那只瓶子
.
但
10
个月以后
,
她
收到了荷兰一位姑娘的来信
.
现在这两位姑娘定期通信了
.
然而她们还
是决定利用邮局
.
这样会稍微多花点钱
,
但肯定是快得多了
.
【课文讲解】
同位语
My
daughter
Jane
of one's own age : He is boy of my own
age.
with
放在名词后面做定语
I have
a bag with books in
it.
（
“
in
it
”
不能省略）
with
放在句子后面做状语用
think
of :
考虑
dream of :
梦想
write to :
给某人写信
write
（
a
letter
）
to me
each
other
:
相互－往往强调两者之间的相互
（
注意连读）
one another :
强调三或三者以上的相互
will
cost will travel
一旦用
cost,
主语一定是物
something
cost somebody
more :
即可做形容词
,
又可做代词
: give me
more
再给我一点
文中的
“
more
”
为代词
= more money
a little
可以修饰比较级
:
稍微
much more :
多得多
It's a little
hotter. It's much hotter.
It's
expensive. That is more expensive.
That
is a little more expensive.
That is
much more expensive.
But they will
certainly travel faster.
也可
: but they will certainly travel much
faster.
much faster
快的多
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Verbs
followed by of, from, in and on
后面可跟
of, from, in
和
on
的动词
We can put of, from, in, or on after
certain verbs:
of, from, in,
on
可以用在某些动词的后面
:
Jane never dreamed of
receiving a letter…
（
11.
1-2
）
She never
thought of it again.
（
11.
4-5
）
She received
a letter from a girl in Holland.
（
11.
5-6
）
Use this
list for reference:
以下搭配表可供参考
:
a
OF:
accuse,
approve,
assure,
beware,
boast
（
or
about
）
,
complain
（
or
about
）
, consist,
convince
（
or
about
）
, cure, despair,
dream
（
or
about
）
,
expect
（
or
from
）
,
hear
（
or
from
）
, be/get rid, smell,
suspect, think
（
or
about
）
,
tired.,
warn
（
or
against
）
.
后接
of
的动词
:
控告
;
赞成
;
让……放心
;
谨防
;
夸耀
;
埋怨
;
由……
组成
;
使信服
;
治愈
;
丧失……希望
;
幻想
;
期望
;
听到……消息
;
摆脱
;
闻到
;
对……猜疑
;
思考
;
对……感到厌烦
;
警告……有危险
.
b FROM: borrow,
defend
（
or
against
）
,
demand
（
or
of
）
, differ, dismiss,
draw
（
SD
64
）
, emerge, escape,
excuse
（
or
for
）
, hinder, prevent,
prohibit, protect
（
or
against
）
, receive, separate,
suffer.
后接
from
的动词
:
从……借
;
保护……使免于
;
向……要求
;
有别于
;
解雇
;
从……中得出
（参见第
64
课难点）
;
从……出现
;
从……逃出
;
允
许不……
;
阻止
;
妨碍
;
不准许
;
向……提抗议
;
接到
;
把……分开
;
受
难
.
c IN: believe, delight, employ
（
ed
）
,
encourage, engaged., experienced., fail,
help
（
or
with
）
, include, indulge,
instruct, interest
（
ed
）
, invest, involved.,
persist, share.
尽到
;
帮助
;
包括
;
沉醉
;
教导
;
对……感兴趣
;
投资
;
卷入
;
坚持
;
分
享
.
d ON: act, based.,
call
（
SD
34
）
, comment, concentrate,
congratulate, consult
（
or
about
）
, count, decide,
depend, economize, embark, experiment, insist,
lean
（
or
against
）
, live, operate,
perform
（
or
in
）
, pride
（
oneself
）
, rely,
vote
（
on a motion; for
someone
）
,
write
（
or
about
）
.
后接
on
的动词
:
遵守
;
在……基础上
;
拜访（参见第
34
课难点）
;
评
论
;
集中于
;
祝贺
;
商量
;
依赖
;
决定
;
依靠
;
节约
;
从事
;
尝试
;
坚持
;
倚靠于……
;
靠……为生
;
起作用
;
扮演
;
为……感到自豪
;
依靠
;
对……表决（投……的票）
;
写……的事
.
Exercise
练习
Supply the missing
words
（
of, from, in or
on
）
without referring to the
above
lists as far as possible:
用
of, from, in
或
on
填空
,
尽可能不核对以上搭配表
:
1 I withdrew a lot of money
______ the bank yesterday.
2 I refuse
to comment ______ his work.
3 The
waiter's tip is included ______ the bill.
4 He congratulated me ______ having got
engaged.
5 This warm coat will protect
you ______ the cold.
6 Did anything
emerge ______ your discussion?
7 I
dreamt ______ you last night.
8 You can
never rely ______ him to be punctual.
9
Nothing will prevent him ______ succeeding.
10 Are you interested ______ music?
11 I suppose I can count ______ you for
help ______ this matter?
12 Beware
______ the dog.
13 He persisted ______
asking questions.
14 I insist ______
your telling me the truth.
15 It took
me a long time to get rid ______ him.
16 Do you mean to say you have never
heard ______ Beethoven?
17 I separated
them ______ each other because they were fighting.
18 They can only cure him ______ his
illness if they operate ______ him.
19
You can depend ______ me.
20 I haven't
accused him ______ anything, but I suspect him
______ having
taken it.
21
Whatever made you think ______ such a thing?
22 We expect a great deal ______ you,
Smith.
23 My hands smell ______ soap.
24 They differ ______ each other so
much.
25 He invested a lot of money
______ shipping.
26 The film was based
______ a novel by Dickens.
27 Don't
lean ______ that shelf! You'll regret it.
28 She often suffers ______ colds.
后接
in
的动词
:
信仰
;
喜欢
;
从事
;
鼓励
;
正做
;
在……有经验
;
没有
29 We have embarked ______
a new scheme.
34
30 I believe ______ taking
my time.
31 Jones was dismissed ______
the firm.
32 They began by
experimenting ______ rats.
33 Please
concentrate ______ what you are doing.
34 She prides herself ______ her clean
house.
35 The climber failed ______ his
attempt to reach the summit.
36 Many
people escaped ______ prisons during the last five
years.
37 We must economize ______
fuel.
38 He's never done any work. He
lives ______ his mother.
39 He was
employed ______ a factory before he joined the
army.
40 And what does this horrible
drink consist ______ ?
41 I shall
certainly act ______ your advice.
42
Don't write ______ the desk!
43 You
should not boast ______ your success.
44 You must encourage him ______ his
efforts.
45 He should be instructed
______ his duties.
46 Two or three
people were involved ______ the accident.
47 Children should be prohibited ______
smoking.
48 I can assure you ______ my
support.
49 Do you approve ______
hunting?
50 I despair ______ ever
teaching him anything!
51 Has this play
ever been performed ______ the stage?
52 I warned him ______ the danger, but
he wouldn't listen to me.
53 How much
have you borrowed ______ me already?
54
He delights ______ annoying me.
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
3
Jane never dreamed ______ a letter.
receive receiving receive she would receive
of/dream that...
（
d
）
8 We were travelling across the
Channel. We went on a ______ across the
Channel.
8.
go on a trip
进行旅行
（
c
）
9 Jane wrote her name and address on a
______ of paper.
9.
（
d
）
a lump of paper :
一团纸
a tube of
paper :
一桶（管）纸
a
bar of :
一条
,
一块
a piece of
paper/a sheet of paper
一张纸
sheet
（
音与
（一）片
,
（一）张
,
薄片
,
被单
,
被褥）
注意读
的区别
35
10 Both girls often write
to each other now. They write ______ .
ntly onally mes and again
1
0.
（
a
）
often = frequently
occasionally
（偶尔）
= sometimes
（有时）
= now and
again
（时而
,
不
时）
7
The girls write ______ regularly now.
one another one to the other to other other
7.
（
a
）
one
another
（三者）
=
each other
（两者）
互相
They love each
other.
§
Lesson
23 A new house
新居
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
complete v.
完成
（喜欢与建筑工程连用）
finish
complete the building
finish/complete homework
finish/complete doing
sth.
某事做完了
I
finish reading a book.
complete
< br>（
adj.
）
:
完全的
,
完整的
《鲁迅全集》中的
“全集”
就用
“
co
mplete
”
★
modern adj.
新式的
,
与以往不同的（真正会译为
:
现代的）
现代的
modern history/art :
现代史
/
现代艺术
modernization
n.
现代化
★
strange
adj.
奇怪的
,
陌生的（表示因为对一个东
西不熟悉而觉得奇
怪）
stranger :
陌生人
strange :
奇怪的
,
陌生的
be strange to
sth.
引申为
:
对……不习惯
,
对……陌生
★
district
n.
地区
行政划分的区域
,
城市内的
,
如北京的海淀区
:
Haidian District
area
地段
region
地区
地带
n.
区域
,
地方
,
（世界上某个特定的）地区
,
（艺术
,
科学等的）领域
,
（大气
,
海水等的）层）
【
Text
】
Lesson 23 A new house
新居
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why is the new house special?
I had a letter from my sister
yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter,
she
said that she would come to England
next year. If she comes, she will get a
surprise. We are now living in a
beautiful new house in the country. Work
on it had begun before my sister left.
The house was completed five months
ago. In my letter, I told her that she
could stay with us. The house has many
large
rooms
and
there
is
a lovely
garden.
It
is
a
very
modern
house,
so
it
looks
strange
to
some
people.
It
must
be
the
only
modern
house
in
the
district.
参考译文
昨天我收到了姐姐的一封信
,
她住在尼日利亚
.
在信中她说她明年将到
英国来
.
如果她来了
,
她会感到非常惊奇了
.
我们现在住在
乡间的一栋
漂亮的新住宅里
.
这栋房子在我姐姐离开之前就已动工了
,
是在
5
个月
以前竣工的
.
我在信中告诉她
,
她可以和我们住在一起
.
这栋房子里有
许多房间
,
还有一个漂亮的花园
.
它是一栋非常现代化的住宅
,
因此在
有些人看来很古怪
.
它肯定是这个地区唯一的一栋现代化住宅
.
【课文讲解】
get a surprise :
感到惊奇
to one's
surprise
shock : I get a shock.
a beautiful new house
离一个名词最近的词跟该词的关系最密切
,
冠词肯定是放在最前面的
spare
old cloth
Eg: a big red flag
大红旗
（
flag
n.
旗
,
标记
v.
标记）
work
后面要加名词的话一定要加
on
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
Exercise
（用
it
或
there
填空）
1 ______ is a
pity that he could not come.
2 ______
is a bus that leaves in ten minutes.
3
______ were some men digging up the road outside
my house.
4 Look at those clouds. I
think ______ will be a thunderstorm.
5
______ is unusual for him to be late.
6
______ has been very cold this year.
7
______ has been no news of him.
8 I am
sure ______ will be fine tomorrow.
9
After dinner ______ will be a long discussion on
politics.
10 When will ______ be
convenient for you to come?
1. It is a
pity that...
2. there
3.
there
:
There+be+
sb.+doing+
地点
:
某地有某人正在做某事（典型句
型）
digging up:
挖出
,
找出
4.
there
:
在表示天气的时候
,
后面如果是动词或形容词
,
用
it,
如果是
名词
,
用
there be.
It is
raining
（动词）
/It is
cold
（形容词）
There
be +
名词
: There is
a rain.
那儿有一场雨
thunderstorm
n.
雷暴
,
大雷雨
5. it
形式主语
6. it
7. there
8. it
9.
there on politics
关于政治
（
politics
n.
政治
,
政治学
,
政纲
,
政见）
36
要求背诵
: When will
it be convenient for you?
什么时候对你来说最方
便
?
§
Lesson 24 If
could be worse
不幸中之万幸
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
manager n.
经理（用能力
,
办事的）
boss :
有钱
manager :
干事
head :
表示
①重要
,
②关系亲密的人物
★
upset adj.
不安（事发后）
nervous :
（事发前）
★
sympathetic adj.
表示同情的
★
complain v.
抱怨
complain
of/about to sb.
（对某人
/
< br>向某人抱怨）
I compianed of my
salary to my boss.
★
wicked
adj.
很坏的
,
邪恶的
可用
“
evil
”
替代
★
contain v.
包含
,
内装（强调用容器装）
container :
集装箱
contain :
用容器装
The cup contains water./ The bag
contains books.
include :
★
honesty n.
诚实
honest
< br>（
adj.
）
honestly
（
adv.
）
【
Text
】
Lesson 24 It could be worse
不幸中之万幸
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Had the writer's money been stolen?
I entered the hotel manager's office
and sat down. I had just lost $$50 and I
felt very upset. 'I left the money in
my room,' I said, 'and it's not there now.'
The manager was sympathetic, but he
could do nothing. 'Everyone's losing
money these days,' he said. He started
to complain about this wicked world
but
was
interrupted
by
a
knock
at
the
door.
A
girl
came
in
and
put
an
envelope on his desk. It
contained $$50. 'I found this outside this
gentleman's
room,' she said. 'Well,' I
said to the manager, 'there is still some honesty
in
this world!'
参考译文
我走进饭店经理的办公室
,
坐了下来
.
我刚刚丢了
50
英镑
,
感到非常烦
恼
.
“我把钱放在房间里
,
“我说
,
“可现在没有了
.
“经理深表同情
,
但
却无能为力
.
“现在大家都在丢钱
,
“他说
.
他开始抱怨起这个邪恶的
世道来
,
却被一阵敲门声打断了
.
一个姑娘走了进来
,
把一个信封放在
了他桌上
.
它里面装着
50
英镑
.
“这是我在这位先生的房门外捡到的
,
“她说
.
“是啊
,
“我对那位经理说
,
“这世界上还是
有诚实可言的
!
”
【课文讲解】
The hotel manger’s office
telephone number
电话号码
,
名词可以修饰名词
the
village fair :
乡村集市
（
the fair of the village/the
fair in the village
）
feel+
（
adj.
）
: upset
不安（事发后）
; nervous :
（事发前
,
过程中）
not any=no
I could do nothing to help you.
我没有办法帮你
,
我无能为力
I could do
nothing for you.
Can you help me?
Sorry,I could do nothing for you.
Certainly.
Of couse.
It’s my pleasure.
用进行时态取代一般现在时
,
在英文是一种修辞方法
,
表示不满
,
一种
感情
.
start to do/start doing :
两者无区别
a knock at
the door
（敲门声）
/
knock at the door
（敲门
,
指动作）
A girl came
in and put an envelope on the desk.
A
girl came in with an envelope and put it on the
desk.
outside
（
pre
p.
）
（
adv.
）
文中为介词
阁下
,
先生
,
有身分的人
,
绅士
< br>,
男
厕所
,
男盥洗室
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
4
He could do nothing. He couldn't do ______ .
ing g ng hing
4...c...
I can do nothing for you.
nothing=not any thing; not any=no
something,
肯定句
nothing
和
not
不可能同时并存
everything
6 Where did she find the money? ______
the room.
e of t
6.
outside adv&prep. He is outside./He is
outside the school.
out
of
:
从
...
到外面去
,
一定要和有实在意义的动词连用
,
get/go/come
out of
out :
在
...
外面
, adv
不会加名词
10 He lost his money. His money was
______ .
g away earing
10.
lose :
丢失
; sb
lose sth
人丢失东西
miss :
怀念
,
错过
,
丢失（
missing
adj.
）
My keys are
lost/missing.
I lose my book/My book
was lost/is missing./be missed.
人丢了只能用
missing : My child is
missing.
37
missing boy
失踪的孩子
go away
离开（人走）
,
something was gone
go :
走
be
gone:
不见了
,
《
Gone with
wind
》
:
《
飘》
（
随风而逝）
, My book is
gone.
我的书不见了
disap
pear:
不见了（瞬间）
,
不及物动词
,
没有被动语态
,
也很少用进行
时态
be disappearing
慢慢的不见了
His money
disppeared.
lose sth./sth. be lost
sth is missing
sth is gone.
sth/sb. disappear/disappeared :
“
dispear
”
是不及物动词
,
无被动语态
.
Unit 2
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
word order
in compound statements
并列句的语序
a Do you
remember the six parts of a simple statement?
b We can join simple statements
together to make compound statements
and
but :
但是
so :
因此
yet :
然而
, adv. Have you finished
yet?
（
“
yet
”
原来的理解
:
放在句末
或句中
,
与否定句
,
疑问句相连
,
并且与现在完成时用得比较多）
yet=but
放在两个句子间
,
起转折作用
or:
或者
,
否则
, Hurry up ,you will be
late/Hurry up,or you will be late.
both
...and...
不但
...
而且<
/p>
either...or...
要么<
/p>
...
要么
... ,either
you or I
neither...nor..., neither you
nor I
not only...but...as well :
不但
...
而且
...
（
“
as
well
”
可省略）
not
only...but also...
§
Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?
英国人讲的是英语吗
?
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
railway n.
铁路
railroad :
铁路
railway/railroad station :
火车站
★
porter n.
搬运工
★
several
几个
some:
一些
,
即可以修饰可数
,
又可以修饰不可数
several:
只能修饰可数＝
a
number of
（一些）
a
great number of :
大量的
some time:
一段时间
some time age
一段时间以前
sometime:
某时
: I will
defeat you sometime.
（总有一天我将打败你）
sometimes:
有时
,
偶尔
some times :
（不存在这种说法）
several
times :
许多次
★
foreigner n.
外国人
★
wonder v.
感到奇怪
wonder
n.
奇观
: It's a wonder./seven
wonders
（七大奇观）
wonderful adj
极好的
wonder
①
wonder at sth.
对
..
.
事情感奇怪
: I wonder at this.
②
want to know
想要知道
: I wonder
间接引语的疑问句
:
一般疑问句用
if/whether
引导
,
特殊疑问句用特殊
疑问词引导
wonder+if :
是否
: I
wonder if you have any spare time.
wonder+
特殊疑问词
: I
wonder what time it is.
所有的从句都用陈述句的句序
,
陈述句句序
:
主语在动词前面
I wonder
why you are late.
I wonder where you
are going.
I wondered where you were
going.
Could you tell me how to get to?
I wondered how to get there.
no wonder :
难怪
wonder n. :
奇观
wonderful :
极好的
wonder v.
感到奇怪
,
wonder at
wonder : want to know :
想知道
I wonder if
you have friend.
I wonder how many
friends you have.
【
Text
】
Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?
英国人讲的是英语吗
?
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Why does the writer not understand the
porter?
I arrived in London at last.
The railway
station was big, black and
dark. I
did
not
know
the
way
to
my
hotel,
so
I
asked
a
porter.
I
not
only
spoke
English very carefully, but very
clearly as well. The porter, however, could
not
understand
me.
I
repeated
my
question
several
times
and
at
last
he
understood. he answered me, but he
spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a
foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke
slowly, but I could not understand him. My
teacher never spoke English like that!
The porter and I looked at each other
and smiled. Then he said something and
I understood it. 'You'll soon learn
English!'
he
said.
I
wonder.
In
England,
each
person
speaks
a
different
language. The
English understand each other, but I don't
understand them!
Do they speak English?
参考译文
我终于到了伦敦
.
火车站很大
,
又黑又暗
.
我不知道去饭店的路该怎么
走
,
于是向一个搬运工打听
.
我的英语讲得不但非常认真
,
而且咬字也
非常清楚
.
然而搬运工却不明白我的话
.
我把问话重复了很多遍
.
他终
于听懂了
.
他回答了
,
但他讲得既不慢也不清楚
.
“我是个外国人
,
“我
和搬运工相视一笑
.
接着
,
他说了点什么
,
这回我听懂了
.
“您会很快学
会英语的
!
”
他说
.
我感到奇怪
.
在英国
,
人们各自说着一种不同的语言
.
英国人之间相互听得懂
,
可我却不懂
他们的话
!
他们说的是英语吗
?
【课文讲解】
arrive in
:
到达
, reach,get
When will you arrive?
arrive
vi.
不及物动词
reach
vt.
后面一定要加宾语
arrive at :
小地点
,
arrive in;
大地点
When will you
reach
（
arrive
in
）
BeiJing?
get to+
宾语
:
到达
When will you get to BeiJing?
How can I get there?
get
home:
到家
, get there :
到那
home/there
都是副词
,
副词跟动词连用的时候不需要加介词
,
“
arrive
”
也一样
,
但一般不用“
reach
home/there
”
,
如一定要这样写则把
“
home
”
看作名词
,
“
there
”
当代词看
,
不作副词看
I arrived
at last.
我终于到了
并列的表达方式中前面都是用逗号隔开
,
最后两个用
and
连接
balck :
颜色（建筑物）
.The room is black.
dark : without
light.
没有光线
: It
is dark.
the way to :
通往
...
路
Can you tell me the way to...
I don't know the way to...Can you tell
me how to get there?
I don't know the
way to the school and where is it?
I
know the way.
know sth.
well:
很熟悉
I know
the boy well.
so :
连词
,
把并列句连到一起
如果有两个谓语动词
,
加连词
,
成为并列
not
only...but...as well :
不但
...
而且
...
并列连词
,
什么东西并列连接什么
I can
speak Chinese. I can speak English.
I
can speak not only Chinese but English as well.
I not only sing but dance as well.
Not only you but also I will go
there.
主语并列（一般不这么用）
not
only,
喜欢放在动词的前面
一般遇到实义动词和非实义动词的时候
,
习惯放在两者之间
I can
not only speak Chinese but English as
well.
（更习惯的说法）
I
not only like my mother but my father as well.
however,
可以直接放在句首
,
也可以放在句子中间
several
times
不用
some times
neither...nor...
即不
...
也不
...
说
.
于是他说得慢了
,
可我还是听不懂
.
我的老师从来不那
样讲英语
!
我
I speak
neither Janpanese nor English.
38
like that:
作状语
,
象那样
each other :
互相
soon,
强调时间上的快
I wonder :
感到奇怪
<
/p>
each
（
every
< br>）
person :
每个人
speak English
not only very carefully but very clearly.
To learn English well is to study hard.
但在口语中
: To learn
English well is study hard.
（没
to
）
提高口语和听力的方式
:
1.
在读书的时候不能
very
clearly,
注意读音规则
2.
carefully
随遇而安
,
以<
/p>
understand
为准
,
学会重复
3.
多听多说
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
5
He didn't speak slowly and he didn't speak clearly
______ .
r
5. ... b
not
和
neither
不会连用
一句话中不允许出现两个否定句
to
o
是跟肯定句连的、
either
是跟
否定句连的
8 I repeated my
question several times. I repeated it ______
times.
b.a number of a few
8. ...b
several = some = a
number of
much
后面不加可数名词
没有
only a
few
这个短语
quite a
few
相当多的
9 At
last he understood. He understood ______ .
the end least the finish
9. ...a
at last
最后、最终
in the end
lastly
最新的、最近的一段时间
at
least
至少
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
Exercises C
join these sentences with the words in brackets
用括号中的斜体字连接以下句子
:
1 I knocked at the door. He
did not open it.
（
but
）
2 He went on holiday. I went on
holiday.
（
Both...and
< br>）
3 He must be mad. He
must be very wise.
（
either..
.or
）
1.I knocked
at the door,but he did not open it.
一定要加
“
but
”
,
一句话只能有一个主语和谓语
,
要有两个就必须要
有连词
on holiday
去度假
Both he and I went on holiday.
39
must be either mad or very wise.
英明的
,
明智的
,
慎虑的
,
聪明的
,
博学的
,
明白的
,
贤明的
,
狡猾的
vi.
知道
vt.
告诉
,
劝导
n.
方法
,
方式
【
Co
mposition
】作文
用括号中的词连接下列句子
:
1 My sister went shopping.
I went shopping.
（
Both...and
）
2 We got very
tired. We got very hungry.
（
not only...but...as
well
）
3
It
was
three
o'clock.
We
could
not
get
lunch.
We
had
a
cup
of
tea.
（
and...so
）
my sister and I went shopping.
go shoping
购物
not only got very tired, but very
hungry as well.
was three o'clock and
we couldn't get lunch,so we had a cup of tea.
It was......that
强调结构
,
这句话是强调时间
【语法精粹】
P5
_______
the trip until the rain stopped.
A.
continued B. didn't continue
√
C. hadn't
continued D. would continue
until
是前面和后面用一般过去是和过去完成时都对
但是我们在一般情况下两个都用一般过去时
local peasants gave the solders
clothes and food without which they
__A___ of hunger and
cold.
（
without
在这里表示条件
,
你知道吗
?
）
A. would die B. will die C. would be
dead D. would have died
这是关于虚拟语气的题
was
not
until
then
that
I
came
to
know
that
the
earth
____around
the
sun.
A. moved B. has moved
C. will move D. moves.
√
只要是真理都用一般现在时
It
was that
是强调结构
,
首先将
“
It
was...that
”
去掉
,
再将
“
not
”
移
到
“
that
”
后面的句子中
.
分析句子时后半句改为
: I
didn't come to know that the earth around the
sun until then.
until then
是在那个时候之前
His
father did not leave until he returned home.
变成强调句形式
: It was
not until he returned home that his father left.
I don't get up until lunch time.
变成强调句形式
: It is
not until lunch time that I get up.
4.
When all those
present
（到场者）
____he begin his
lecture.
（重点题）
A.
sit B. set C. seated D. were seated
√
seat
做动词的时候两种情况
sb 2.
somebody be seated
somebody sit down
sit vi.
seat vt.
I had had time, I would have written to you. But
in fact I___not.
A. have have C. had
D. had had
这是虚拟语气题
√
not only...but...as well
不但<
/p>
...
而且
...
并列句的连词
neither...nor...
既不
...
也不
...
either
...or...
或者
...
或者<
/p>
...
both...and...
两者都
Ⅱ
复数主语
:
1.
当主语由
and
或
both...and
连接
,
通常采用复数谓语动词
.
Both the girl and the boy
are his friends.
Both you and I are
good students.
Ⅲ
单
,
复数的灵活运用
:
1.
当主语由
neither...nor,either...or,not
only...but
also
或
or
连接时
,
谓语
动词与
nor,or,but
also
后面的词一致
,
在英语语法中
,
这被称之为
“就
近原则”
离动词最近的名词是单数
,
整个主语就视为单数
离动词最近的名词是复数
,
整个主语就视为复数
Neither
you nor I am a good student.
Neither he
nor I am going to the airport.
Both he
and I are going to the airport.
Not
only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad.
【
Key
structures
】
关键句型
He finished
lunch and went into the garden.
and
连接的是两个谓语动词
however
用在句号的后面
,
单独成句
,
于前边的句子只有意思上的承接
,
没有语法上的承接
,
语法上的承接表转折只能用
but
Both he and I teach English.
He teaches both English and French.
Either you or I must tell him.
Neither he nor I speak English.
Not only wash the dishes but sweep the
floor as well.
【
Letter
Writing
】书信写作
St.
是
Steet
的缩略
逗号在地址里表示前者属于后者
grade one
一年级
class one
一班
I am in class 1,Grade 1.
在日期里
,
月和日之间不需要逗号
,
但在年代之前要有逗号
日期是以序数词出现的
月份一定要是英语字母
February the fourth
40
the fourth of
February
Haidian
District,
（海淀区）
BeiJing,
China.
（最
后一个地点要打上句号）
【
Summary
Writing
】摘要写作
1.
You can write the answer in three whole sentences.
第二单元重点就是把句子用连词连成并列的部分
I arrived at the railway station in
London,and I asked the porter the
way to my hotel, but He didn't
understand me.
§
Lesson 26 The best art critics
最佳艺术评论家
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
两个同样的音连在一起时
,
前面的音声去不读
.
如
: upside down.
★
art n.
艺术
art student
艺术系的学生
English
student
学英语的学生
student of England :
英国学生
artist
艺术家
artiste
艺人
注意读音的不同
art
gallery
艺术画廊
（
gallery
n.
长廊
,
游廊
;
画廊）
black art
巫术
★
critic n.
评论家
criticise v.
批评
,
批判（主要指批判
,
但不完全是责备的意思）
批评
,
批判
critical adj.
挑剔的
critically adv.
爱挑剔的
He
criticised my painting.
You are
critical.
★
paint v.
画
draw a picture
用线条画
paint a
picture
强调油画
painting
oil painting
油画
Chinese
painting
中国国画
Beijing opera
国戏
,
京剧
★
pretend v.
假装
pretend to do
something
When his mother came in,the
baby pretended to go to sleep.
pretend
that...
★
pattern
n.
图案
pattern
drills
pattern
模式
,
典范
★
curtain n.
窗帘
,
幕布
★
material n.
材料
listening
material
听力材料
★
appreciate v.
鉴赏
＝
understand and enjoy
enjoy
欣赏
enjoy the
music
I like
poems.
I
love...
I
enjoy...
得到乐趣
I appreciate...
程度一个比一个深
appreciate something
appreciate doing sth
我很喜欢做某事
I
appreciate your help.
我很感激你的帮助
★
notice v.
注意到
pay attention
to
思想上的注意
notice
:
细节上的注意
,
往往是别人没注意的东西
,
你注意到了
,
细节
上的东西
I notice the boy.
I notice the beauty
spot.
（美人痣）
★
whether conj.
是否
If
在表示
“是否”
的时候可以被
whether
所取代
If
在表示
“如果”
的时候不可以用
whether
取代
If it will
rain...
（不是条件状语从句
,
故可以用将来时
will
）
Whether it will rain...
Whether it will rain or
not...
（可以加
“
not
”
）
I wondered if
it will rain.
（不加
“
not
”
）
Whether he is
mad or not. / whether his mad.
★
hang v.
悬挂
,
吊
hang hanged hanged
绞死
,
吊死
hang hung hung
悬挂
The thief was
hanged.
The coat was hung.
★
critically adv.
批评地
★
upside
down
上下颠倒地
两个同样的发音连在一起时
,
前边的音
省去不读
【
Text
】
Lesson 26 The best art critics
最佳艺术评论家
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Who is the student's best critic?
I am an art student and I paint a lot
of pictures. Many people pretend that
they understand modern art. They always
tell you what a picture is 'about'.
Of
course,
many
pictures
are
not
'about'
anything.
They
are
just
pretty
patterns. We like
them in the same way that we like pretty curtain
material. I
think
that
young
children
often
appreciate
modern
pictures
better
than
anyone else. They notice more. My
sister is only seven, but she always tells
me whether my pictures are good or not.
She came into my room yesterday.
'What
are you doing?' she asked.
41
'I'm hanging
this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's
a new one. Do you
like it?'
She looked at it critically for a
moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it
upside down?'
I looked at it
again. She was right! It was!
参考译文
我是个学艺术的学生
,
画了很多画
.
有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子
,
总是告诉你一幅画的
“意思”
是什么
.
当然
,
有很多画是什么
“意思”
也没有的
.
它们就是些好看的图案
,
我们喜爱它
们就像我们喜欢漂亮的
窗帘布一样
.
我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画
,
他们
观察到的东西更多
.
我的妹妹只有
7
岁
,
但她总能说出我的画是好还是
坏
.
昨天她到我房里来了
.
【课文讲解】
I am an
art student
注意连读
,
They always tell you what a
picture is about.
tell you
后是
what
引导的宾语从句
just
仅仅
,
表强调
We like
them...
them
指
pictures
pretty curtain
material
漂亮的窗帘布
In the same way that
In a
way
以某种方式
The son walked in the same way that his
father walked.
I love you in the same
way that I love my father.
I love you
just in the same way that I love money.
make an appointment
（
n
）
change an appointment
When
will it be conveniet for you?
I like
something.
I like something very much.
I like something better.
I
like something best.
I like water best.
I like water better.
I like
water very much.
else
①
跟在
anyone,anything
等不定代词的后面
②
疑问代词如
who
else,what else
They can
appreciate modern arts best.
better
than anyone else
比其他任何人（表示最高级的含义）
The teacher is the tallest.
The
teacher
is
taller
than
anyone
else.
（
“
else
”
不能少
,
把主语从
“
anyone
”
中排除
,
比中文更严密）
The book
is more expensive than anything else.
They notice more.
Whether
...or not= if
The windows in the wall
/picture on the wall
注意介词的不同
Isn
’
t it upside
down?
＝
It
’
s
upside down.
是否定疑问句
,
没有否定的
意思
,
起强调作用
,
表达一种情绪
It isn't a
fine day.
It is bad weather.
Is it bad weather?
Isn't it
bad weather?
作用
Aren't you
lucky?
你真幸运
否定疑问句起肯定
Isn't it
a boy?
【
Composition
】作文
Rewrite these
sentences using the correct verbs and joining
words:
改写以下句子
,
选用正确的动词和连词
:
I
（
looked
at
）
（<
/p>
watched
）
the
picture
（
but
）
（
and
）
I
could
not
（
understand
）
（
realize
）
it. It was in black and white and
was
（
called
）
（
named
）
‘Trees and snow’. I could see
（
neither
）
（
not
only
）
trees
（
or
）
（
nor
）
snow.
I looked at the
picture.
不用
watch
是
因为它不是移动的
call
是称之为
;
name
是给它取一个名字
It was in black and white.
黑白色
【
Letter
writing
】书信写作
信头上是没有名字的
门牌号码应该放在最前边
【
Key
structures
】关键句型
a
ppear
的反义词
disappear
resemble
相似
,
类似
和人的情绪相连
,
跟人的状态相连
,
跟人的思维活动相
连的动词都不用
进行时态
.
Appear,appreciate,believe,feel,forget,hear
,like,look,like,notice,remember,res
embl
e,see, think
（
that
）
, understand
等等
【
Speech
marks
】
引号
引号在英文当中第一次出现是单引号
,
第二次出现是双引号
,
英文当中
的书名号用
引号来替代
注意事项
:
a The speech marks are
above the line. They go outside all other marks
like
commas
（
,
）
full
stops
（
.
）
and question marks
（
?
）
.
引号位于一行之上
,
它们应在句尾其
他标点符号—如逗号、句号、问号
—之外
.
b The speaker's first word
begins with a capital letter.
引语的第一个词以大写字母开头
.
c Words like‘said’ and‘asked’ are
followed by a comma. We put a full stop
after them only when they come at the
end of a sentence.
42
在
said,
asked
等词后面用逗号
,
只有当它们位于句尾时
,
才在它们的后
面用句号
.
d
When
words
like‘said’or‘asked’interrupt
the
speaker,
t
he
second
half
of
the
sentence begins with a small letter.
当
said,
asked
等词置于引语之间时
,
句子的后半部分以小写字母开始
.
e We begin a new paragraph each time a
new speaker is introduced.
当一个新的说话人开始讲话时
,
要另起一个段落
.
【
Summary
writing
】摘要写作
5.
Do young children appreciate modern paintings
better than others or not?
Do they
notice more or not?
（
not
only...but
）
Young
children appreciate modern paintings better than
others.
They notice more.
not only ...but ...as well.
as well
放在句子结尾
,
且可以省略
Young
children
是共同的部分
Young children not only appreciate
modern paintings better than others,
but notice more.
not
only...but...
连接的是两组谓语动词
7. Had he hung it upside down, or had
he hung it the right way up? Did she
notice this immediately or not?
< br>（
and
）
or
否则
,
或者
upside down
与
the right way up
意思相反
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
4
What is it about? Tell me ______ .
is
it about it is about about it is about is it
考特殊疑问句的间接引语是什么
陈述
句的间接引语以
that
引导
What time is it?
How old are
you?
变成以
He asked
me .
形式
He asked
me what time it was.
He asked me how
old I was.
疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意
⑴
特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导
⑵
时态
.
主句的谓语动词是过去时时
,
其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时
态
.
⑶
疑问句变成间接引语时
,
要变成陈述句语序
.
陈述句语序
:
主语在动词前边
.
⑷
人称的变化
Is it nine
o'clock? /He asked me.
if/whether
是否
He asked me
if/whether it was nine o'clock.
tell me
要求间接引语
Tell me
what it is about.
注意使用陈述句语序
.
What about
中
about
是介词
,
后接名词或动词的
ing
形式
,
不接句子
What about
it?
Tell
me
后要求陈述句语序
5 She
tells me ______ my pictures are good or not.
r
5.
没有一个答案是对的
主句为一般现在时
,
从句可以为任意形式
or
not
是否
,
that
表示肯定
直接引语变间接引语的连接词有３种
:
⑴陈述句中的
that;
⑵一般疑问句中的
if/whether;
⑶特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词
if
不可以与
or not
连用
unless conj
除外
,
如果不（不能用于间接引语连接）
You will fail unless you work
harder.
你如果不更加努力工作
,
你将失败
.
6 Do you
like my picture? It's ______ .
a.a new
new one d.a new one
6.D
A
缺名词
B
缺名词或位置错误
C
缺冠词
one
可以作代词
,
还可以作数词
10 Young
children often appreciate modern pictures. They
______ them.
te tand and enjoy
根据句子意思
,
选
D.
9 This
curtain material is very good ______ .
s nce
9.
B
clothes
衣服
cloth
布
11 They notice
more. They ______ more.
e care
11.
在此句中
,
notice=observe
12 It's upside down. It
isn't ______ .
up right way down
right way up
12. D
not the
right way down = the right way up
§
Lesson 27 A wet
night
雨夜
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
tent n.
帐篷
★
field n.
田地
,
田野
airfield
飞机场（介词用
o
n
）
in the field
在田野里
in one's
field
在
...
领域
He is an expert in his field.
football field
足球场地
★
smell v.
（
smelled or
smelt
）
闻起来
smell
作半联系动词
,
接表语
,
接形容词
The food
smelt good.
（不能说成
“
smell
well
”
,
“
well
”
是副词
,
身
体好才用
“
well
”
）
感官动词
You look fine.
You look
better.
You look beautiful.
taste
尝起来
The food smelt good,and it tasted
better.
sound
听起来
look taste sound smell feel
feel;
⑴感到
I feel ill.
（心理感到）
⑵用手的感受
, The blackbroad felt
cold.
★
wonderful adj.
极好的
口语中用得更多的是
: Great
!
（与物相连）
Excellent !
（与人相连）
adj.
卓越的
,
极好的
She is an
excellent teacher.
Outstanding
!
（人）
好得站了出来
Brilliant!
（
adj.
灿烂的
,
闪耀的
,
有才气的）
Fantastic!
★
campfire n.
营火
,
篝火
fire
可数也不可数
（一堆堆的火—可数
,
炉子里的火—不可数）
★
creep v.
（
crept;crept
）
爬行
（蹑手蹑脚的）
也是平行的爬
climb the
tree. climb up or down
（上下爬）
crawl : The baby is crawling on the
floor.
（平行地爬）
creep out
蹑手蹑脚（别人不注意
,
偷偷摸摸的）
climb /
crawl / creep
★
sleeping bag
睡袋
passing plane
正在路过的飞机
动词加
ing
变成形容词作定语有二个意思
:
⑴
正在
... : sleeping dog
⑵
用来做
... : sleeping bag
listening material
walking
stick
拐杖
★
comfortable adj.
舒适的
,
安逸的
★
soundly adv.
香甜地
sleep soundly
睡得很甜
43
go to bed
上床
/go to sleep
睡觉
/fall
asleep
坠入梦乡
/sleep
well
睡得很好
/sleep deeply
睡得很沉
fall
为半联系动词
fast :
fall fast asleep
睡得好香
“
fast
asleep
”
熟睡
★
leap v.
跳跃
,
跳起
jump : jump up and
down
原地跳跃
leap :
跳跃
,
有距离（如从沟的这边跳到另一边
,
位置变化）
skip :
课文行的跳过去
,
单词
,
文章
: Let us skip it?
Look
before you leap.
三思而后行
leap year/month
闰年
/
月
★
heavily adv.
大量地
rain/snow
heavily
一般与雨雪连用
smoke heavily
烟瘾重
He smokes heavily.
★
stream n.
小溪
★
form v.
形成
★
wind v.
蜿蜒
（
wo
und;wound
）
wind
one's way
蜿蜒而行
The road winds its way.
注意与名词
wind
风
的读音不同
.
★
right adv.
正好
强调作用
right
做副词时强调后边的形容词
,
副词
,
介词短语
,
不强调动词
可用
just
来替换
just
like
正好
/just as
正如
后边加代词时只能用
just.
如
: just you
就是你了
.
不能用
“
r
ight
”
代
替
Right here.
就在这儿
“
Right here waiting for
you
”
:
《在此等候》―歌名
I
found
my
lost
watch
right
in
the
graden.
我就在花园里
找到了我丢失的
手表
【
Text
】
Lesson 27 A wet night
雨夜
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
What happened to the boys in the night?
Late in the afternoon, the boys put up
their tent in the middle of a field. As
soon as this was done, they cooked a
meal over an open fire. They were all
hungry and the food smelled good. After
a wonderful meal, they told stories
and
sang songs by the campfire. But some time later it
began to rain. The
boys
felt
tired
so
they
put
out
the
fire
and
crept
into
their
tent.
Their
sleeping bags were
warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly.
In the
middle of
the
night,
two
boys
woke
up
and
began
shouting.
The
tent
was
full of water! They all leapt out of
their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It
The stream wound its way across the
field and then flowed right under their
tent!
参考译文
傍晚时分
,
孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷
.
这件事刚刚做完
,
他们就在
篝火上烧起了饭
.
他们全都饿了
,
饭菜散发出阵阵香味
.
他们美美地吃
了一顿饭后
,
就围在营火旁讲起了故事
,
唱起了歌
.
但过了一阵子
.
天
下起雨来
,
于是他们扑灭了篝火
,
钻进了帐篷
.
睡袋既暖和又舒服
,
所
以
,
他们都睡得很香
.
午夜前后
,
有两个孩子醒了
,
大声叫了起来
.
原
< br>来帐篷里到处都是水
!
他们全都跳出睡袋
,
跑到外面
.
雨下得很大
,
他们
发现地上已经形成了一条小溪
.
那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野
,
然后正好从
他们的帐篷底下流过去
.
【课文讲解】
注意句型
:
在
...
之后
wet
发义词是
dry
汉语与英文只有意义的对等
,
没有字的对等
wet....
湿淋淋的
My idea is
the same as yours.
我的想法与你一样的
I agree with
you.
（口语）
I think
so.
（口语）
You are
wet.
英文中表示
“湿”
的词
:
wet/damp
不舒服
/moist
（湿的程度减少）
moist :
稍湿
（给人感觉舒服
,
如湿润）
: moist cake
松软的蛋糕
（
moist
adj.
潮湿的
n.
潮湿）
damp :
让人感觉不太舒服
dreamy
eyes:
梦幻般的眼睛
moist
eyes
水灵灵的眼睛
humid
指气候比较潮湿
a rainy
night...
多雨的夜晚
（
My idea is the same as
yours./I’m agree with you./I think
so.
）
late in the
afternoon.
傍晚
early in the morning
清早
put up
搭建
/
强调搭
如搭个草棚等
build
建
/
强调精心设计并且建造
make a desk
build a car
（一般不用
“
make a
car
”
）
in the middle of
在
...
中间
（相对两边）
in the
center of
在
...
中心
（相对四面）腹地
in the
middle of the river
河中心
midnight
午夜
the mid-autumn
day
中秋节
在陆地的腹地用
“
< br>center
”
as soon as
一
...
就
...
/
当
...
was raining
heavily
and
they
found
that
a
stream
had
formed
in
the
field.
open fire
在野外生的火
,
篝火
44
over
垂直的上面
cook a meal
做一顿饭
表示
“在
.
..
之后”
的句式
after+
从句
/doing
with a bag
带着包
in sweater
穿着毛衣
（
sweater
n.
厚运动衫
,
毛线衫）
After I
arrived => After my arrival
When
the
plane
arrived
=>
after
the
arrival
of
the
plane
（
P37
summary
writing
）
After his arrival, we have a party.
After the arrival of the flowers,I took
them and went to my girlfriend's
tell
story
讲故事
by
在
...
旁边
near/beside/at/by
①
at the door
门边
,
（紧挨着的）
sit at the
table
桌边
②
by the river
河边
（不会紧挨着的
,
但也不会很远）
③
next to
He sits next to me./who is
the next?
表示紧邻着的
④
beside = next
to
the next door to my house
⑤
near
在附近
beside/next
to
与
...
相邻
at the door
紧挨着
near the village
next to
/beside the village
at the table
by the river
next door
在隔壁
some time
later
一段时间之后
some
time ago
一段时间以前
a
few hours earlier j
几小时前
some time earlier.
put out
人为的熄灭火
be out
火自动熄灭
I put out
the fire.
The fire is out.
crept into
in
the middle of the night=midnight
at
midnight
在午夜
wake
up
醒来
主语自己醒
wake sb up
唤醒
begin
doing/start doing/begin to do/start to do
leap out of
跳出来
用被动态
When I'm
getting close to the door,the door
opened.
（自动门）
The
door opened.
强调门自动开
The door was
opened.
门被打开
,
强调人为的
river
formed
河流是自动形成
The bus stopped
自动的
The bus was
stopped
人为的
wound
one's way
蜿蜒而行
flow
流淌
flow/flowed/flowed
fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown
blow/blew/blown
right
正好
,
恰好
,
强调后边的介词短语
【
Letter
writing
】书信写作
先写最小单位
给国外的人写信是才写国名
【
Composition
】作文
用正确的动词和连词改写以下句子
:
I am very tall
（<
/p>
so
）
（
but
）
I must be careful. Doorways
are often low
（
and
）
（
but
）
I usually
（
beat
）
（
knock
）
m
y head against them. My head always
（
hurts
）
（
pa
ins
）
. I have never
（
met
）
（
recognized
）
a tall
architect. Have
you?
Doorways
门栏
so/and/knock/hurts/met
knock/beat
knock
大声地撞
beet
持续的撞击
/
打
against
（
prep
）相对作用的力
（在政治上叫
“反对”
）
hurt/pain
身体的某一部位
+hurts
某一部疼痛
my hand
hurts.
Pain
表示疼痛的名词
I have a
pain.
My hand hurts.
I have
a pain in my hand.
Meet
遇见
/ recognize
认出
（原来熟悉再次认出的概念）
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
动词加介词或副词起改变
put
的含义的作用
put up with
容忍
put up
①
搭建
②
安排住宿
put
out...
扑灭
put on
穿上
put away
把
...
收好
Your room is untidy,put your things
away.
如果强调某东西自动形成
,
则可以用主动态
,
如果强调某东西是人为的
,
put
off
推延
45
put down /
write down
记下
Exe
rcise
（选用正确的带
put
的动
词短语）
1 Mrs. Bowers told her
children to ______ their toys ______ and go to
bed.
2 You can stay here tonight. We
can ______ you ______ in the spare room.
rare illness
疑难杂症
scarce
adj
:
少有的
,
表示某个时间段或某个地方少有
:
Watermelon
is
scarce in winter.
scarce adj.
缺乏的
,
不足的
,
稀有的
,
不充足的
/ watermelon
n.
西瓜
3 I'm not
ready yet. I haven't ______ my shoes ______ .
4 ‘Open your exercise books and ______
the following, ’ the teacher said.
5 Father is ______ the fire he lit in
the garden.
6 When they have ______
that new building, it will spoil the view.
7 I have ______ my trip to Japan until
next month.
8 I am getting a divorce. I
can't ______ him any longer.
...away
...up
安排住宿
...on
...down
记下
= write down
g...out
up
搭建
spoil
毁坏
off
推延
up with get a divorce
离婚
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
6
They sang songs by the campfire. They sang songs
______ the campfire.
s
6.b
beside
在
...
旁边
besides
除
...
之外
my closest friends
close to
表示离
...
很近（必须要有
“
to
”
）
close to me
离我很近
at the door;
at the window; at the table
9 The boys
had put out the campfire. The fire wasn't ______ .
ed on fire
9.d
be on
上演
,
亮着的（一般指灯亮着的）
What's on in the cinema today?
The lights were on last night.
switch n.
开关
v.
用开关
The light was switched on.
强调通过开关打开的
on fire
起火
: The house is
on fire .
房子起火了
alight :
以
a
开头的形容词为表语形容词
The fire
was out.
火熄灭了
§
Lesson 28 No
parking
禁止停车
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
rare adj.
罕见的
rare animal
稀有动物
（
animal
n.
动物）
rare bird
珍稀鸟类
rare :
指世界上都少有
coconut n.
椰子
steak n.
（供煎
,
烤等的）肉
,
鱼
,
肉片
,
鱼片
,
肉排
,
牛排
well done :
全熟
medium
:
半生半熟的
（
medium
n.
媒体
,
方法
,
媒介
adj.
中间的
,
中等
的
,
半生熟的）
rare :
几乎是生的
★
ancient adj.
古代的
,
古老的
ancient Egypt
古埃及
antique
古代的
,
古玩
,
古董
,
古老而有价值的
:
antique
furniture
古董
家具
★
myth n.
神话故事
fairy
神仙故事
★
effect n.
结果
,
效果
have an effect
有效果
have no
effect
没有效果
have
effect on
对
...
有效果
The advice has no effect on
me.
★
trouble n.
麻烦
woman/man
troubles
女人
/
男人真麻烦
child troubles
孩子真麻烦
never
trouble troubles until troubles trouble you.
永远不要自寻烦恼
Let
sleeping dog lie.
不要自找麻烦
（
let sb
do
）
ask for
trouble
He is asking for
trouble.
I'm sorry to put you in
trouble.
我很抱歉给你带来麻烦（口语）
have trouble in doing sth
I
have trouble
（
in
）
parking the car.
I have a
lot of trouble parking the car.
★
Medusa n.
美杜莎（古希
腊神话中
3
位蛇发女怪这一）
★
Gorgon
n.
（古希腊神话中的）
3
位蛇发女怪这一（凡见其貌者
都会
变成石头）
【
Text
】
Lesson 28 No parking
禁止停车
First listen
and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
What is Jasper White's problem?
Jasper White is one of those rare
people who believes in ancient myths. he
has just bought a new house in the
city, but ever since he moved in, he has
had trouble with cars and their owners.
When he returns home at night, he
always finds that someone has parked a
car outside his gate. Because of this,
46
he has not been able to
get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper
has
put up 'No Parking' signs outside
his gate, but these have not had any effect.
Now
he
has put
an
ugly
stone
head
over
the
gate.
It
is
one
of
the
ugliest
faces I have ever
seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that
it was
Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes
that she will turn cars and their owners to
stone. But none of them has been turned
to stone yet!
参考译文
贾斯珀
.
怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一
.
他刚在城里买下一所新
房子
,
但自从搬进去后
,
就和汽车及车主们发生了磨擦
.
当他夜里回到
家时
,
总是发现有人把车停在他家大门外
.
为此
,
他甚至一次也没能把
自己的车开进车库
.
贾斯珀曾把几块
“禁止停车”
的牌子挂在大门外
边
,
但没有任何效果
.
现在他把一个丑陋的石雕头像放在了大门上边
,
这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一
.
我
问他那是什么
?
他告诉我那是蛇发
女怪
美杜莎
.
贾斯珀希望她把汽车和车主们都变成石头
.
但到目前为止
还没有一个变成石头呢
!
【课文讲解】
one of
其中之一
one of the
students
believe in
信任
;
信仰
（
并不只是相信的意思
,
有任何时候都
“
相信”
彻
彻底底的相信即信任）
关系代词
:
who,whom,which,that
关系代词后面要加从句
先行词是主句和从句共同有的一个词
I have a book that/which he
likes.
（
“
book
”
为先行词
“
that/which
”
为
关系代词）
关系代词有两个功能
:
一是承上
,
一是启下
（如上句中的
“
book
”
作
从句的宾语）
The boy is my brother.
The
boy is standing at the door.
The boy
who is standing at the door is my brother.
I can do anything I can to help you.
I can do anything that I can do.
我愿意做我力所能及的事情来帮助你
Jasper White is one of those rare
people who believe in ancient myths.
who
在这是关系词
,
起承上启下的作用
believe
用在
people
之后应该用复数对待
who
在从句中指代的是单数
,
就用单数对待
,
在从句中指代的是复数
就用复数对待
如果在定语从句中出现了
one
of
作为先行词
,
它后边的关系代词
指代的
是后面的复数名词
如果在
one
of
前面还有一修饰词
（
the
）
only,
那么后边的关系代词将
指代
one
这个词
,
才作单数看
He is the
only one of those rare people who believes in
ancient myths.
one of
直接作主语的时候
,
它是做单数看待的
One of
the answers is ture.
47
One of those people is
good.
ever since=since
have
trouble doing
做
...
有麻烦
have trouble with sb.
和某人相处有麻烦
I have
trouble with my roommate.
in the
morning
每天早晨
in
the afternoon
每天下午
at
night
每天晚上
park a car
停车
because of
由于
because
的后面加句子
because of
的后面加词或动词
“
-ing
”
be able to
的主语一般都是人
,
表示有能力去做
get his
car into his garage.
I drove the car
into the wall.
I drove the car into the
tree.
drive the car into
把车子撞上某地
get sth
into
把
...
弄进
even once :
甚至一次
,even
起强调
put up
张贴
put up the
pictures on the wall
在墙上贴画
not any = no
on
接触在上面
over
悬挂在上面
one
of
后面加可数名词的复数
I
have ever seen
做定语从句
,
修饰前边的
faces
如果关系词在从句中做宾语
,
关系词可以省略
,
所以
I
前
的
which
被省
略
< br>
This is the most difficult thing I
have ever done.
This is the most
terrible news I have ever heard.
有两个结构一定是最高级
+
范围
（
of all the
students
）
+
地点
He
is the tallest in the room.
3.I have
ever
从句
hope
的后面加
that
从句
turn sth to
把前者变成后者
turn the
prince to a frog
（
prince
n.
王子
frog
n.
青蛙
vi.
捕蛙）
He was turned to a frog
turn
cars and their owners to stone
none
of,neither of
做主语时做单数看待
先行词
:
放在定语从句前面
,
而且是两句话共同含有的词
,
还是被定
语从句修饰的词
定语从句
:
句子做定语
,
一般放在被修饰词后面
四个关系代词
:
who;whom;which;that
who
在从句当中做主语或做宾语
whom
只能在从句当中做宾语
which
指物
,
即可以做主语
,
又可以做宾语
that
即可以指物
,
又可以指人
,
即可以做主语
,
又可以做宾语
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
whose
后面一定要加一个名词
,
然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语
The boy whose sister is standing at the
door is my brother.
妹妹站在门口
的男孩是我弟弟
The pilot whose plane landed in a field
was not hurt.
把飞机降落在田里的
飞行员没有受
伤
land
着陆
He is the
right person I am looking for.
Pilot
n.
飞行员
,
领航员
,
引水员
vt.
驾驶（飞机等）
,
领航
,
引水
v.
驾驶
【
Structure
】
（
58
页）
3. Our
neighbour, _____name is Charles Alison,will sail
tomorrow.
（
a
）
whose
√
（
b
）
whose his
（
c
）
his
（
d
）
of whom
whose
在这儿等于
his
his
是物主代词
,
whose
是关系代词
关系代词可以引导定语从句
,
物主代词不可以引导定语从句
做主语
,
宾语的关系代词有
who,
whom,which,that
只有
whose
做定语
boat,_____is
Topsail, is famouse.
（
a
）
whose the name
（
b
）
the whose name
（
c
）
of whom the name
（
d
）
the name of which
√
冠词和形容词性物主代词不能并存
不会说
of sth the name
而会说
the name of sth
介词后边加的是介词宾语
that
不能直接出现在介词后边
whose name
也对
复习
28
课的语法
定语从句
关系代词可以有四个概念
:
1.
代人的
,
做主语或宾语
who
只做宾语的
whom
2.
代物的
,
做主语或宾语
which
3.
代人的也可以代物的
做主语或宾语
that
其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定（不一定指人）
The boat whose name is...
翻译练习
:
我有一个房子
,
房子的窗户都破了
.
I have a house whose windows are
broken.
介词后不可以用
that
48
I
have a book I am interested in.
I have a book that I am interested in.
Exersise
（在需要的地方填上
who, which, that
或
whose
）
1 The only games
______ I play are football and tennis.
2 He is the only student ______
understands English well.
3 He is a
writer ______ books are seldom read.
4
This is the hotel at ______ we are staying.
5 Is this the money ______ you lost?
6 That is the horse ______ won the
race.
7 He is the sort of person ______
everyone admires.
The only game...I
play are football and tennis.
1.
不填
如果要填只能是
that,
在从句中作宾语可省略
先行词如果用
only,
序数词
,
形容词最高级修饰
,
其后边的关系词只用
that
is
the only student...understand English well.
that
is writer...books are
seldom read.
whose
is the
hotel at...we are staying
which
句中的
“
at
”
原来在
“
s
taying
”
的后边
This is the
hotel which we are staying at.
介词后加物的话
,
只加
which,
加人的话
,
用
whom,
都不可用
that,who
也
不能
She is the gril. I stayed with her.
She is the girl who/whom/that I stayed
with.
（句中
“
who/whom/that
”
可
省略）
She is the girl with whom I stayed.
That is the house.I live in the house.
That is the house in which I live.
this the money...you lost?
不填
is the
horse...won the race.
从句中少主语
: which
选
which ,
不能用
that
句子中用词避免重复
,
句首已有了一个
“
that
”
,
故选
“
which
”
而
不是
“
that
”
谁是那个正在帮助你的人
?
Who is the man that is helping you?
不用
“
who
”
,
避免重复
7. He is the sort of person...everyone
admires.
他就是每个人都很羡慕的那
种人
person
是先行词
,
在从句中做宾语
不填
admire
v.
赞美
,
钦佩
,
羡慕
总结
:
在做翻译或阅读时
,
先找句子的主干
,
剩下的是各修饰成分
考定语从句时
,
备选答案更加难以选出
,
要仔细分辨
,
再复习一下这七
道题
【
Multiple choice
questions
】多项选择题
is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I've
never seen ______
ugly one ugliest
one ugliest one uglier one
这是我所见过的最干净的街道了
.
This is the cleanest street I have ever
seen.
答案
:
D
此句是用比较级来表达最高级的概念
better than anything else
最好
The teacher is
the tallest in the room.
The teacher is
taller than anyone else in the room.
I
have never seen a taller one.
I have
never bought a more expensive one.
7
______ of them has been turned to stone.
one one one
课文中为
none of
No
是形容词
,
后加名词
no
one
=nobody
（
“
nobody
”
指的是人
,
它将
“
cars
”
排除了是不对
的）
不定代词后不用
of
可以用的有
: neither
of/none of/both of/all of
none of =not
one of
9 He is a rare person. You
______ meet such people.
mes
9. C
rarely=seldom
几乎不
rarely
adv.
很少地
,
罕有地
/ seldom
adv.
很少
,
不常
10 Not all car
owners are good ______ .
tors s s
选
D.
not all
不是所有的
Not all students are good.
Not all children are naughty.
部分否定概念
12 The
signs haven't had any effect. They haven't ______
anyone.
ed ed ed in d
12. A
have effect
有效果
影响
effect .n.
affect .v.
【
Compo
sition
】作文
My wife
（
drives
）
（
leads
）
a car. She has
（
driven
）
（
ridden
）
a
car
deserve
）
（
are not
worth
）
their bad
reputation. Yet, on the road, she often
（
criticizes
）
（
judges
）
other women drivers.
drives/driven/and/do not
deserve/criticizes
reputation
n.
名誉
,
名声
judge
n.
法官
,
审判员
,
裁判员
,
鉴赏家
,
鉴定人
,
（
J-
）
最高的审判者
vt.
审理
,
鉴定
,
判断
,
判决
,
断定
,
认为
vi.
下判断
,
作评价
§
Lesson 29 Taxi!
出租汽车
【
New words and
expressions
】
生词和短语
★
taxi n.
出租汽车
taxi driver
出租车司机
take a
taxi/take a bus/take a lift
Whose plane
landed in the field
★
Pilatus
Porter
★
land v.
着陆
（不及物）
whose plane
landed in the field.
★
plough
v.
耕地
plough .n.
梨
farm
农田
plough
n.
犁
v.
耕
,
犁
,
犁耕
,
费力穿过
,
艰苦前进
,
在考试中淘汰
★
lonely adj.
偏僻的
,
人迹罕见的（地方）
lonely
（人）
孤独的
,
孤僻的
/cold fish
She
felt lonely
感到
,
主观
She is alone.
事实
,
客观
alone
adj.
单独的
,
独一无二的
,
孤独的
,
独自的
adv.
独自地
‘
Home
alone
’
:
《独自在家》――小鬼当家中的一部
★
Welsh adj.
★
roof n.
楼顶
（从外面看）
ceiling
天花板
（从里面看）
raise the
roof v.
喧闹
,
大声抱怨
hit the
ceiling [
美口语
]
勃然大怒
,
暴跳如雷
,
怒发冲冠
★
block n.
块
,
一座大楼
★
flat n.
公寓房
a block of
flats
公寓楼
（英国）
office block
办公楼
写字楼
apartment
公寓（美国）
a block of
apartments
★
desert v.
废弃
desert the
house = let the room empty
desert .n.
沙漠
,
不毛之地
,
注意名词和动词的读音不同
【
Text
】
Lesson 29 Taxi!
出租汽车
!
First
listen and then answer the
question.
听录音
,
然后回答以下问题
.
Does Captain Fawcett think any trip is
too dangerous?
for
many
years
（
and
）
（
but
）
she
says
that
women
drivers
（
do
not
Captain
Ben
Fawcett
has
bought
an
unusual
taxi
and
has
begun
a
new
49
'taxi'
is
a
small
Swiss
aeroplane
called
a
'Pilatus
Porter'.
This
wonderful
plane
can
carry
seven
passengers.
The
most
surprising
thing
about it, however, is
that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even
on a
ploughed
field.
Captain
Fawcett's
first
passenger
was
a
doctor
who
flew
from
Birmingham
to
a
lonely
village
in
the
Welsh
mountains.
Since
then,
Captain
Fawcett
has
flown
passengers
to
many
unusual
places.
Once
he
landed on the roof of a block of flats
and on another occasion, he landed in
a
deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just
refused a strange request from
a
businessman.
The
man
wanted
to
fly
to
Rockall,
a
lonely
island
in
the
Atlantic
Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him
because the trip was
too dangerous.
参考译文
本
.
弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车
,
并开始了一项新的业务
.
这辆
“出租汽车”
是一架小型瑞士飞机
,
叫
“皮勒特斯
.
波特”
号
.
这
架奇
妙的飞机可以载
7
名乘客
.
然而
,
最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地
方降落
:
雪地上
,
水面上
,
甚至刚耕过的田里
.
弗西特机长的第一名乘
客是位医生
,
他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄
.
从那时开始
,
弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方
.
一次
,
他把飞机降落
在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上
;
还有一次
,
降落在了一个废弃的停车场上
.
弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求
.
这个人想要飞往大西洋
上的一个孤岛
--
罗卡尔岛
,
弗西特机长之所以不送他去
,
是因为那段
飞行太危险了
.
【课文讲解】
read the text
captain
船长
/
机长
called
call sb
sth
The instrument was called a
clavichord.
be called
被称为
called
在此句中为过去分词
过去分词做定语时是作为被动状态来翻译的
,
ing
表示正在
I have an
instrument. The instrument is called a clavichord.
I have an instrument called a
clavichord.
I have a cat called Lucy.
-ing; -ed
是非谓语动词
a ploughed field
被耕过的田
a deserted
car park
被废弃的车场
Written English
书面语
spoken
English
口语
（
colloquialism n.
俗话
,
白话
,
口语
colloquial
language
口语）
短语做定语是要后置
a race
across the Atlantic
单个的词做定语时可放前边
however
可放在句子前边
50
that
从句在此处是表语从句
<
/p>
1.
宾语从句中的
that
省略
2.
定语从句中的关
系词在从句中做宾语时可以省略
.
句型
: The most
surprising thing is that...
To my
surprise,...
surprising
可以由其它词替换
The most
exciting thing is that...
The most
exciting thing is that we can win the football
match.
The
happiest
thing
is
that
I
can
visit/see/
（
stay
with
）
mother
during
the
Spring
Festival.
（春节）
（
Festival
n.
节日
,
喜庆日
,
音乐节
,
戏剧节
,
喜庆
,
欢宴
,
欢乐
adj.
节
日的
,
快乐的）
Captain
Fawcett
’
s first passenger...
（
the first ... : the
不能和所有格及形
容词物主代词并存）
from ... to ...
从
. .
到
. .
since then/so far/up to now
since then
强调起点
so far/up to now
强调终点
fly sb to...
开飞机送某人去
My friend
drove me to Tianjin.
drive sb to
...
开车送某人去
once
一次
on another
occasion
还有一次
Once
I
met
him
on
the
street
and
on
another
occasion
I
met
him
in
the
library.
once...and on another occasion.
一次
......
还有一次
request from
来自某人的请求
request
for sth.
要求得到
take sb to school
送某人上学
too
在副词或形容词前表示否定含义
very
强调程度深
too
强调程度大到了人们不愿去做
You are very kind.
very
expensive
买得起
too
expensive
买不起
dangerous adj.
危险的
【
Composition
】作文
The plane
（
not
only
）
（
neither
）
（
flew
）
（
threw
）
close to the river,
（
but
）
（
or
）
also flew under a bridge.
（
Then
）
（
However
）
< br>
it
（
climbed
）
（
ran
）
into the air. The people on the bridge
（
waved
）
（
shook
）
< br>
to the
pilot
（
and
）
（
yet
）
he did not
（
notic
e
）
（
look
after
）
them.
not
only/flew/but/Then/climb
ed
（
ran
也对
,
但没有
climb
表达更确切
）
/waved/yet/notice
【
Special
Difficulties
】
难点
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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