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法律英语词汇
一、
律师部分
案件受理费
court acceptance fee
案情重大、复杂
important and complicated case
案由
cause of action
案子
case
包揽诉讼
monopolize lawsuits
被告
de
fendant(
用于民事、行政案件
); the
accused (
用于刑事案件
)
被上诉人
appellee
被诉人
respondent; defendant
本案律师
councel pro hac vice
本地律师
local counsel
毕业证
diploma; graduation
certificate
辩护词
defense; pleadings
辩护律师
defense lawyer
辩护要点
point of defense
辩护意见
submission
财产租赁
property tenancy
裁定书
order; ruling;
determination
（指终审裁定）
裁决书
award
（用于仲裁）
裁决书
verdict
（用于陪审团）
采信的证据
admitted evidence; established evidence
草拟股权转让协议
drafting
agreement of assignment of equity interests
查阅法条
source legal provisions
产权转让
conveyancing
出差
go on errand; go on a
business trip
出国深造
further study abroad
出具律师意见书
providing legal opinion
出示的证据
exhibit
1
出庭
appear in court
传票
summons; subpoena
答辩状
answer; reply
代理词
representation
代理房地产买卖与转让
agency for sale and transfer of real
estate
代理公证、
商标、
专利
、
版权、
房地产、
工商登记
agency for notarization,
trademark,
patent, copyright, and
registration of real estate and incorporations
代理仲裁
agency for arbitration
代写文书
drafting of legal instruments
待决案件
pending case
当事人陈述
statement of the parties
第三人
third party
吊销执业证
revocation of lawyer
license
调查笔录
investigative record
调查取证
investigation and gathering for
evidence
调解
mediation
调解书
mediation
二审案件
case of trial of second instance
发送电子邮件
send e-mail
法律顾问
legal consultants
法律意见书
legal opinions
法律援助
legal aid
法律咨询
legal counseling
法庭
division; tribunal
法学博士学位
LL.D (Doctor of Laws)
法学会
law society
法学课程
legal courses
法学硕士学位
LL.M (Master of Laws)
法学系
faculty of law; department of law
法学学士学位
LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)
2
J.D
( juris
doctor
缩写，美国法学学士
)
法学院
law school
法院公告
court announcement
反诉状
counterclaim
房地产律师
real estate lawyer; real property
lawyer
非合伙律师
associate lawyer
非诉讼业务
non-litigation practice
高级合伙人
senior partner
高级律师
senior lawyer
各类协议和合同
agreements and contracts
公安局
Public Security Bureau
公司上市
company listing
公诉案件
public-prosecuting case
公证书
notarial certificate
国办律师事务所
state-run law office
国际贸易
international trade
国际诉讼
international litigation
国内诉讼
domestic litigation
合伙律师
partner lawyer
合伙制律师事务所
law office in partner-ship; cooperating
law ofice
合同审查、草拟、修改
contract review, drafting
and revision
会见当事人
interview a client
会见犯罪嫌疑人
interview a criminal suspect
兼职律师
part-time lawyer
监狱
prison; jail
鉴定结论
expert conclusion
缴纳会费
membership dues
举证责任
burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书
decision
勘验笔录
record of request
3
看守所
detention house
抗诉书
protest
控告人
accuser; complainant
跨国诉讼
transnational litigation
劳动争议
labor disputes
劳动争议仲裁委员会
arbitration committee for labor
disputes
劳改场
reform-through-labor farm; prison farm
利害关系人
interested party; party in interest
律管处处长
director of lawyer control department
律师
lawyer attorney; attorney at law
律师惩戒
lawyer discipline
律师法
Lawyer Law
律师费
lawyer fee
律师函
lawyer
’
s letter
律师见证
lawyer attestation/authentication
律师见证书
lawyer
certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗
lawyer
’
s docile;
file
律师刊物
lawyer
’
s journal
律师联系电话
contact phone number of a lawyer
律师事务所
law office; law firm
律师收费
billing by lawyer
律师网站
lawyer website
律师协会
National Bar (Lawyer) Association
律师协会会员
member of Lawyer Association
律师协会秘书长
secretary general of Bar (Lawyer)
Association
律师协会章程
Articles of Lawyer
Assocition
律师业务室
lawyer
’
s office
律师执业证
lawyer license
律师助理
assistant lawyer
律师资格考试
bar exam; lawyer qualification exam
4
律师资格证
lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件
civil case
民事调解
civil mediation
民事诉讼
civil litigation
派出所
local police station; police substation
判决
ju
dgement(
用于民事、行政案件
);
determination(
用于
终审
);
sentence(
用于刑事案
);
verdict(
由陪审团作出
)
旁证
circumstantial evidence
企业章程
articles of association; articles of
incorporation; bylaw
企业重组
corporate restructure
起诉状
information; indictment
取消律师资格
disbar
全国律师代表大会
National Lawyer Congress
缺席宣判
pronounce judgement or determination by
default
人民法院
People
’
s Court
人民检察院
People
’
s
Procuratorate
认定事实
determine facts
上诉案件
case of trial of second instance;
appellate case
上诉人
appellant
上诉状
petition for appeal
涉外律师
lawyers specially handling foreign-
related matters
申请复议
administrative
reconsideration petition
申请加入律师协会
application for admission to Law
Association
申请人
petitioner; claimant
申诉案件
appeal case
申诉人（仲裁）
claimant; plaintiff
申诉书
appeal for revision, petition for
revision
实习律师
apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation
period
5
实习律师证
certificate of apprentice lawyer
视听证据
audio-visual reference material
适用法律
apply law to facts
受害人
victim
书证
documentary evidence
司法部
Ministry of Justice
司法建议书
judicial advise
司法局
Judicial Bureau
司法局副局长
deputy director of Judicial Bureau
司法局局长
director of Judicial Bureau
司法统一考试
uniform judicial exam
送达
service of process
诉讼
litigation; action; lawsuit
诉讼当事人
litigation party; litigious party
诉讼业务
litigation practice
诉状
complaint; bill of complaint; statement
of claim
推销法律服务
promote/market legal service
外国律师事务所
foreign law office
委托代理合同
authorized representation contract
委托代理人
agent ad litem; entrusted agent
委托授权书
power of attorney
物证
material evidence
嫌疑人
criminal suspect
项目融资
project financing
项目谈判
project negotiating
刑事案件
criminal case
刑事诉讼
criminal litigation
行政诉讼
administrative litigation
休庭
adjourn the court; recess
宣判
pronounce judgement; determination
6
宣誓书
affidavit
业务进修
attendance in advanced
studies
一审案件
case of trial of first instance
与国外律师事务所交流
communicate with foreign law firms
原告
plaintiff
证券律师
securities lawyer
证人证言
testimony of witness; affidavit
执行笔录
execution record
执业登记
registration for practice
执业范围
scope of practice; sphere of practice;
practice area
执业申请
practice application
执业证年检
annual inspection of lawyer license
仲裁
arbitration
仲裁案件
arbitration case
仲裁机构
arbitration agency
专门律师
specialized lawyer
专职律师
professional lawyer; full-time lawyer
撰写法律文章
write legal thesis
资信调查
credit standing investigation
自诉案件
private prosecuting case
二、
诉讼法律
案件
case
案件发回
remand/rimit a case (to a
low court)
案件名称
title of a case
案卷材料
materials in the case
案情陈述书
statement of case
案外人
person other than involved in the case
案值
total value involved in the case
败诉方
losing party
办案人员
personnel handling a case
7
保全措施申请书
application for protective measures
报案
report a case (to security authorities)
被告
defendant; the accused
被告人最后陈述
final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩
rejoinder
被害人
victim
被害人的诉讼代理人
victim
’
s agent ad
litem
被上诉人
respondent; the appellee
被申请人
respondent
被申请执行人
party against whom
execution is filed
被执行人
person subject to
enforcement
本诉
principal action
必要共同诉讼人
party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖
jurisdiction by accord
辩护
defense
辩护律师
defense attorney/lawyer
辩护人
defender
辩护证据
exculpatory evidence;
defense evidence
辩论阶段
stage of court debate
驳回反诉
dismiss a counterclaim; reject a
counterclaim
驳回请求
deny/dismiss a motion
驳
回
上
诉
、
维
持
原
判
reject/dismiss
the
appeal
and
sustain
the
original
judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼
dismiss an action/suit
驳回通知书
notice of dismissal
驳回自诉
dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书
ruling of dismissing private-
prosecuting case
补充答辩
supplementary answer
补充判决
supplementary judgement
补充侦查
supplementary investigation
8
不公开审理
trial in camera
不立案决定书
written decision of no case-filing
不批准逮捕决定书
written decision of disapproving an
arrest
不起诉
nol pros
不予受理起诉通知书
notice of dismissal of accusation by
the court
财产保全申请书
application for attachment;
application for property preservation
裁定
order; determination
(
指最终裁定
)
裁定管辖
jurisdiction by order
裁定书
order; ruling
裁决书
award
采信的证据
admitted evidence
查封
seal up
撤回上诉
withdraw appeal
撤诉
withdraw a lawsuit
撤销立案
revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审
rescind
the
original
judgement
and
remand
the
case
ro
the
original
court for retrial
出示的证据
exhibit
除权判决
invalidating judgement (for negotiable
instruments)
传唤
summon; call
传闻证据
hearsay
答辩
answer; reply
答辩陈述书
statement of defence
答辩状
answer; reply
大法官
associate justices; justice
大检察官
deputy chief procurator
代理控告
agency for accusation
代理申诉
agency for appeal
代理审判员
acting judge
代为申请取保候审
agency
for
application
of
the
bail
pending
trial
with
restricted
9
liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼
accusatory procedure
当事人陈述
statement of the parties
当庭宣判
pronouncement of judgement or sentence
in court
地区管辖
territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院
inter-mediate
People
’
s Procuratorate
第三人
third party
调查笔录
record of investigation
定期宣判
pronouncement of judgement or sentence
later on a fixed date
定罪证据
incriminating evidence;
inculpatory evidence
冻结
freeze
督促程序
procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭
sole-judge bench
独任仲裁员
sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施
compulsory
measures
against
impairment
of
civil
action
对席判决
judgement inter parties
二审
trial of second instance
二审案件
case of trial of second insurance
罚款
impose a fine
法定证据
statutory legal evidence
法定证据制度
system of legal evidence
法官
judges
法警
bailiff; court police
法律文书
legal instruments/papers
法律援助
legal aid
法律咨询
legal consulting
法庭辩论
court debate
法庭调查
court investigation
法庭审理笔录
court record
10
法庭审理方式
mode of court trial
法庭庭长
chief judge of a tribunal
法院
court
法院公告
court announcement
反诉
counterclaim
反诉答辩状
answer with counterclaim
反诉状
counterclaim
犯罪嫌疑人
criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件
a collateral civil action
附带民事诉讼被告
defendant of collateral civil action
复查
reexamination; recheck
复验
reinspect
高级法官
senior judge
高级检察官
senior procurator
高级人民法院
Higher People
’
s
Court
告诉案件
case of complaint
告诉才处理的案件
case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭
complaint and petition division
工读学校
work-study school for delinquent
children
公安部
Ministry of Public Security
公安分局
public security sub-bureau
公安厅
public
security
bureau
at
the
levels
of
provinces,
autonomous
regions
and
cities under direct jurisdiction of
central government
公开审理
trial in public
公开审判制度
open trial system
公示催告程序
procedure of public summons for
exhortation
公诉案件
public-prosecuting case
公诉词
statement of public prosecution
公证机关
public notary office
共同管辖
concurrent jurisdiction
11
管辖
jurisdiction
国际司法协助
international judicial assistance
海事法院
maritime court
合议庭
collegial panel
合议庭评议笔录
record of deliberating by the
collegiate bench
和解
composition; compromise
核对诉讼当事人身份
check identity of litigious parties
恢复执行
resumption of execution
回避
withdrawal
混合式诉讼
mixed action
基层人民法院
basic People
’
s
Court
羁押期限
term in custody
级别管辖
subject matter jurisdiction of courts
at different levels
监视居住
living at home under
surveillance
监狱
prison
检察官
procurator
检察权
prosecutorial power
检察委员会
procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院
procuratorate
检察院派出机构
outpost tribunal of procuratorate
简易程序
summary procedure
鉴定结论
expert conclusion
经济审判庭
economic tribunal
径行判决
direct adjudication without sessions;
judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼
inquisitional proceedings
拘传
summon by force; summon by warrant
拘留所
detention house
举报
information/report of an offence
举证责任
burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书
decision
12
军事法院
military procuratorate
开庭审理
open a court session
开庭通知
notice of court session
勘验笔录
record of inquest
看守所
detention house
可执行财产
executable property
控告式诉讼
accusatory proceedings
控诉证据
incriminating evidence
控诉职能
accusation function
扣押
distrain on; attachment
扣押物
distress/distraint
宽限期
period of grace
劳动争议仲裁申请书
petition for labor dispute arbitration
劳改场
reform-through-labor farm
劳教所
reeducation-through-labor office
类
推
判决
的核
准程
序
procedure
for
examination
and
approval
of
analogical
sentence
累积证据
cumulative evidence
立案报告
place a case on file
立案管辖
functional jurisdiction
立案决定书
written decision of case-filing
立案侦查
report of placing a case on file
利害关系人
interested party
临时裁决书
interim award
律师见证书
lawyer
’
s written
attestation; lawyer
’
s
written authentication
律师事务所
law office; law firm
律师提前介入
prior intervention by lawyer
免于刑事处分
exemption from criminal penalty
民事案件
civil case
民事审判庭
civil tribunal
13
民事诉讼
civil action
民事诉讼法
Civil Procedural Law
扭送
seize and deliver a suspect to the
police
派出法庭
detached tribunal
派出所
police station
判决
judgement; determination
判决书
judgement; determination; verdict
(
指陪审团作出的
)
旁证
circumstantial evidence
陪审员
juror
批准逮捕
approval of arrest
破案
clear up a criminal case; solve a
criminal case
破产
bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序
general/ordinary procedure
普通管辖
general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序
procedure
of
bankruptcy
and
liquidation
of
a
business
corporation
起诉
filing of a lawsuit
起诉
sue; litigate; prosecute; institution
of proceedings
起诉状
indictment; information
区县检察院
grassroots
People
’
s Procuratorate
取保候审
the bail pending trial with restricted
liberty of moving
缺席判决
default judgement
人民调解委员会
People
’
s
Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件
cases concerning
determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、
限制民事行为能力案件
cases
concerning determination
of a citizen
as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉
appeal
上诉人
appellant
上诉状
petition for appeal
少管所
juvenile prison
14
社会治安综合治理
comprehensive treatment of
social security
涉外案件
cases involving foreign
interests
涉外民事诉讼
foreign civil proceedings
涉外刑事诉讼
foreign criminal proceedings
申请人
applicant; petitioner
申请书
petition; application for arbitration
申请执行人
execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书
claimant
’
s
affidavit of authenticity
申诉书
appeal for revision; petition for
revision
神示证据制度
system of divinity evidence
神示制度
ordeal system
审查案件
case review
审查并决定逮捕
examine and decide arrest
审查起诉阶段
stage of review and prosecution
审理通知书
notice of hearing
审判长
presiding judge
审判长宣布开庭
presiding judge announce court in
session
审判管辖
adjudgement/trial jurisdiction
审判监督程序
procedure for trial supervision
审判委员会
judicial committee
审判员
judge
审问式诉讼
inquisitional proceedings
生效判决裁定
legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方
winning party
省市自治区检察院
higher People
’
s
Procuratorate
失踪和死亡宣告
declaration of
disappearance and death
实（质）体证据
substantial evidence
实物证据
tangible evidence
实在证据
real evidence
示意证据
demonstrative evidence
15
视听证据
audio-visual evidence
收容所
collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官
chief justice
首席检察官
chief procurator
受害人的近亲属
victim
’
s
immediate family
受理
acceptance
受理刑事案件审批表
registration form of acceptance of
criminal case
受送达人
the addressee
书记员
court clerk
书记员宣读法庭纪律
court clerk reads court rules
书证
documentary evidence
司法部
Ministry of Justice
司法机关
judicial organizatons
司法警察
judicial police
司法局
judicial bureau
司法厅
judicial
bureau
at
the
levels
of
provinces,
autonomous
regions,
and
cities
under
direct jurisdiction of central government
司法协助
judicial assistance
死缓的复核
judicial review of death sentence with
a retrieve
死刑复核程序
procedure for judicial
review of death sentence
死刑复核权
competence for judicial review of death
sentence
送达
service of process
送达传票
service of summons/subpoena
送达诉状
service of bill of complaint
搜查
search
诉
sue; suit; action; lawsuit
诉前财产保全
property attachment prior to lawsuit
诉讼
litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
诉讼保全
attachment
诉讼参加人
litigious participants
16
诉讼代理人
agent ad litem
诉状
complaint; bill of
complaint; state of claim
特别程序
special procedures
提起公诉
institute a public prosecution
铁路法院
railway court
铁路检察院
railroad transport procuratorate
庭审程序
procedure of court trial
通缉
wanted for arrest
投案
appearance
退回补充侦查
return of a case for
supplementary investigation
委托辩护
entrusted defense
未成年人法庭
juvenile court
无行政职务的法官
associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭
refuse to appear in court without due
cause
无罪判决
acquittal, finding of
“
not guilty
”
物证
material evidence
先予执行申请书
application for advanced execution
先予执行
advanced execution
刑事案件
criminal case
刑事拘留
criminal detention
刑事强制拘留
criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭
criminal tribunal
刑事诉讼
criminal proceedings
刑事诉讼法
Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状
self-incriminating criminal complaint
行政案件
administrative case
行政审判庭
administrative tribunal
行政诉讼
administrative proceedings
行政诉讼法
Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件
cases
concerning
the
declaration
of
disappearance
and
17
death
宣判笔录
record of rendition of
judgement
选民资格案件
cases concerning qualifications of
voters
询问证人
inquire/question a witness
训诫
reprimand
讯问笔录
record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人
interrogate criminal suspect
言词证据
verbal evidence
要求传唤证人申请书
application for subpoena
一裁终局
arbitration award shall be final and
binding
一审
trial of first instance
一审案件
case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书
notice of respondence to action
有罪判决
sentence; finding of
“
guilty
”
予审
preliminary examinantion; pretrial
原告
plaintiff
院长
court president
阅卷笔录
record of file review (by lawyers)
再审案件
case of retrial
再审申请书
petition for retrial
责令具结悔过
order to sign a statement of repentance
债权人会议
creditors
’
meeting
侦查阶段
investigation stage
侦查终结
conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见
consulting final opinion of the
plaintiff and defendant
证据
evidence
证据保全
preserve evidence
证据保全申请书
application for evidence preservation
证人证言
testimony of witness; affidavit
支付令
payment order/warrant
18
知识产权庭
intellectual property
tribunal
执行程序
procedure execution
执行逮捕
execution of arrest
执行和解
conciliation of execution
执行回转
recovery of execution
执行庭
executive tribunal
执行异议
objection to execution
执行员
executor
执行中止
discontinuance of execution
执行终结
conclusion of execution
指定辩护
appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明
statement of appointing arbitrator
中级人民法院
intermediate
People
’
s Court
中途退庭
retreat during court session without
permission
仲裁
arbitration
仲裁被诉人
respondent; defendant
仲裁裁决
award
仲裁申请书
arbitration
仲裁申诉人
claimant; plaintiff
仲裁庭
arbitration tribunal
仲裁委员会
arbitration committee
仲裁协议
arbitration agreement; clauses of
arbitration
仲裁员
arbitrator
主诉检察官
principal procurator
助理检察官
assistant procurator
助理审判员
assistant judge
专门法院
special court
专门管辖
specific jurisdiction
专属管辖
exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任
investigate for criminal responsibility
19
自首
confession to justice
自诉案件
private-prosecuting case
自行辩护
self-defense
自由心证制度
doctrine of discretional evaluation of
evidence
自侦案件
self-investigating case
最高人民法院
the Supreme
People
’
s Court
最高人民检察院
the Supreme
People
’
s Procuratorate
最后裁决书
final award
三、
民事法律
法律渊源
source of law
制定法
statute
判例法
case law; precedent
普通法
common law
特别法
special law
固有法
native law; indigenous law
继受法
adopted law
实体法
substantial law
程序法
procedural law
原则法
fundamental law
例外法
exception law
司法解释
judicial interpretation
习惯法
customary law
公序良俗
public order and moral
自然法
natural law
罗马法
Roman Law
私法
private law
公法
public law
市民法
jus civile
万民法
jus gentium
民法法系
civil law system
20
英美法系
system of Anglo-American
law
大陆法系
civil law system
普通法
common law
大陆法
continental law
罗马法系
Roman law system
英吉利法
English law
衡平法
equity; law of equity
日尔曼法
Germantic law
教会法
ecclesiastical law
寺院法
canon law
伊斯兰法
Islamic law
民法法律规范
norm of civil law
授权规范
authorization norm
禁止规范
forbidding norm
义务性规范
obligatory norm
命令性规范
commanding norm
民法基本原则
fundamental principles of civil law
平等原则
principle of equality
自愿原则
principle of free will
公平原则
principle of justice
等价有偿原则
principle of equal value exchange
诚实信用原则
principle of good faith
行为
act
作为
act
不作为
omission
合法行为
lawful act
违法行为
unlawful act
民事权利权利能力
civil right
绝对权
absolute right
相对权
relative right
21
优先权
right of priority
先买权
preemption
原权
antecedent right
救济权
right of relief
支配权
right of dominion
请求权
right of claim
物上请求权
right of claim for real thing
形成权
right of formation
撤销权
right of claiming cancellation
否认权
right of claiming cancellation
解除权
right of renouncement
代位权
subrogated right
选择权
right of choice
承认权
right of admission
终止权
right of termination
抗辩权
right of defense
一时性抗辩权
momentary right of defense
永久性抗辩权
permanent counter-argument right
不安抗辩权
unstable counter-argument right
同时履行抗辩权
defense right of simultaneous
performance
既得权
tested right
期待权
expectant right
专属权
exclusive right
非专属权
non-exclusive right
人身权利
personal right
人权
human right
人格权
right of personality
生命健康权
right of life and health
姓名权
right of name
名称权
right of name
22
肖像权
right of portraiture
自由权
right of freedom
名誉权
right reputation
隐私权
right of privacy
私生活秘密权
right of privacy
贞操权
virginity right
身份权
right of status
亲权
parental power; parental right
亲属权
right of relative
探视权
visitation right
配偶权
right of spouse
荣誉权
right of honor
权利的保护
protection of right
公力救济
public protection
私力救济
self-protection
权利本位
standard of right
社会本位
standard of society
无责任行为
irresponsible right
正当防卫
justifiable right; ligitimate defence
防卫行为
act of defence
自为行为
self-conducting act
紧急避险
act of rescue; necessity
自助行为
act of self-help
不可抗力
force majeure
意外事件
accident
行为能力
capacity for act
意思能力
capacity of will
民事行为
civil act
意思表示
declaration of intention
意思表示一致
meeting of minds; consensus
23
完全行为能力
perfect capacity for act
限制行为能力
restrictive capacity for
act
准禁治产人
quasi-interdicted person
保佐
protection
自治产人
minor who is capable of
administering his own capacity
无行为能力
incapacity for act
禁治产人
interdicted
person
自然人
natural person
公民
citizen
住所
domicile
居所
residence
经常居住地
frequently dwelling place
户籍
census register
监护
guardianship
个体工商户
individual business
农村承包经营户
leaseholding rural household
合伙
partnership
合伙人
partner
合伙协议
partnership agreement
合伙财产
property of partnership
合伙债务
debt of partnership
入伙
join partnership
退伙
withdrawal from partnership
合伙企业
partnership business establishment
个人合伙
partnership
法人合伙
partnership of legal person
特别合伙
special partnership
普通合伙
general partnership
有限合伙
limited partnership
民事合伙
civil partnership
24
隐名合伙
sleeping partnership;
dormant partnership
私营企业
private enterprise;
proprietorship
法人
legal person
企业法人
legal body of enterprise
企业集团
group of enterprise
关联企业
affiliate enterprise
个人独资企业
individual business establishment
国有独资企业
solely state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业
Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise
中外合作企业
Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
社团法人
legal body of mass organization
财团法人
legal body of financial group
联营
joint venture
法人型联营
association of legal persons
合伙型联营
coordinated management in partnership
协作型联营
cooperation-type coordinated management
合作社
cooperative
民事法律行为
civil legal act
单方民事法律行为
unilateral civil legal act
双方民事法律行为
bilateral civil legal act
多方民事法律行为
joint act civil legal act
有偿民事法律行为
civil legal act with consideration
无偿民事法律行为
civil
legal
act
without
consideration;
civil
legal
act
without
award
实践性民事法律行为
practical civil legal act
诺成性民事法律行为
consental civil legal act
要式民事法律行为
formal civil legal act
不要式民事法律行为
informal civil legal act
要因民事法律行为
causative civil legal act
不要因民事法律行为
noncausative civil legal act
25
主民事法律行为
principal civil legal act
从民事法律行为
accessory civil legal act
附条件民事法律行为
conditional civil legal act
附期限民事法律行为
civil legal act with term
生前民事法律行为
civil legal act before death
死后民事法律行为
civil legal act after death
准民事法律行为
quasi-civil legal act
无效行为
ineffective act
可撤销民事行为
revocable civil act
违法行为
illegal act; unlawful act
侵权行为
tort
欺诈
fraud
胁迫
duress
乘人之危
taking advantage of
others
’
precarious position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的
legal form concealing illegal intention
恶意串通
malicious collaboration
重大误解
gross misunderstanding
显失公平
obvious unjust
误传
misrepresentation
代理
agency
本人
principal
被代理人
principal
受托人
trustee
代理人
agent
本代理人
original agent
法定代理人
statutory agent; legal agent
委托代理人
agent by mandate
指定代理人
designated agent
复代理人
subagent
再代理人
subagent
26
转代理人
subagent
代理权
right of agency
授权行为
act of authorization
授权委托书
power of attorney
代理行为
act of agency
委托代理
agency by mandate
本代理
original agency
复代理
subagency
次代理
subagency
有权代理
authorized agency
表见代理
agency by estoppel; apparent agency
律师代理
agency by lawyer
普通代理
general agency
全权代理
general agency
全权代理委托书
general power of attorney
共同代理
joint agency
独家代理
sole agency
居间
brokerage
居间人
broker
行纪
commission; broker house
信托
trust
时效
time limit; prescription;
limitation
时效中止
suspension of prescription/limitation
时效中断
interruption of limitation/prescription
时效延长
extension of limitation
取得时效
acquisitive prescription
时效终止
lapse of time; termination of
prescription
期日
date
期间
term
涉外民事关系
civil relations with foreign elements
27
冲突规范
rule of conflict
准据法
applicable law; governing law
反致
renvoi; remission
转致
transmission
识别
identification
公共秩序保留
reserve of public order
法律规避
evasion of law
国籍
nationality
国有化
nationalization
法律责任
legal liability
民事责任
civil liability/responsibility
行政责任
administrative liability/responsibility
刑事责任
criminal liability/responsibility
违约责任
liability of breach of contract;
responsibility of default
有限责任
limited liability
无限责任
unlimited liability
按份责任
shared/several liability
连带责任
joint and several liability
过失责任
liability for negligence; negligent
liability
过错责任
fault liability; liability for fault
单独过错
sole fault
共同过错
joint fault
混合过错
mixed fault
被害人过错
victim
’
s fault
第三人过错
third party
’
s
fault
推定过错
presumptive fault
恶意
bad faith; malice
故意
deliberate intention; intention;
willfulness
过失
negligence
重大过失
gross negligence
28