-
酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱
acid-base
disorders
酸碱失衡
acid-base balance
酸碱平衡
acute/chronic acidosis
急性
/
慢性酸中毒
acidemia
酸血症
acute/chronic
alkalosis
急性
/
慢性碱中
毒
alkalemia
碱血症
simple acid-
base disorder
单纯性酸碱失衡
mixed acid-base disorder
混合性酸碱失衡
buffer
system
缓冲对系统
anion gap
阴离子间隙
delta gap
阳离子间隙
respiratory acidosis
呼酸
respiratory
alkalosis
呼碱
metabolic acidosis
代酸
metabolic
alkalosis
代碱
hypochloremia
低氯血症
hyperchloremia
高氯血症
hypoxemia
低氧血症
hyperoxemia
高氧血症
hypocalcemia
低钙血症
hypercalcemia
高钙血症
hypokalemia
低钾血症
hyperkalemia
高钾血症
hyponatremia
低钠血症
hypernatremia
高钠血症
magnesium
deficiency
镁缺乏
magnesium excess
镁过多
hypomagnesemia
低镁血症
hypermagnesemia
高镁血症
hypophosphatemia
低磷血症
hyperphosphatemia
高磷血症
hypercapnia
高碳酸血症
posthypercapnic metabolic alkalosis
高碳酸血症后碱中毒
diabetic ketoacidosis
糖尿病酮症酸中毒
uremia
尿毒症
lactic
acidosis
乳酸酸中毒
saline-responsive alkalosis
盐水反应性碱中毒
saline-
resistant alkalosis
盐水抵抗性碱中毒
isotonic dehydration
等渗性缺水
hypotonic dehydration
低渗性缺水
hypertonic
dehydration
高渗性缺水
edema
水肿
water
intoxication
水中毒
休克
shock
休克
hemorrhagic
shock
失血性休克
traumatic shock
创伤性休克
septic shock
脓毒性休克
shock lung
休克肺
shock kidney
休克肾
软组织感染
furuncle
疖
paronychia
甲沟炎
erysipelas
丹毒
acute phlegmon
急性蜂窝织炎
acute
lymphangitis
急性淋巴管炎
acute
lymphadenitis
急性淋巴结
furunculosis
疖病
carbuncle
痈
abscess
脓肿
acute
ulcer
急性溃疡
chronic ulcer
慢性溃疡
fistula
cannulas
瘘管
sinus tract
窦道
felon
脓性指头炎
外科营养
肠外营养
parenteral
nutrition
或
intravenous
nutrition
肠内营养
enteral nutrition
代谢性并发症
metabolic
complications
胆汁淤积
cholestasis
基础能量消耗
basal energy expenditure BEE
误吸
aspiration
腹泻
diarrhea
外科手术
手术刀
scalpel
刀片
blade
刀柄
hilt
手术剪
surgical scissors
止血钳
hemostatic
forceps
直血管钳
straight
clamp
弯血管钳
Kelly
clamp
蚊式止血钳
mosquito
forceps
有齿止血钳
kocher forceps
手术镊
forceps
组织钳
tissue
forceps or allis forceps
持针器
needle holder
缝合针
suture needle
拉钩
retractor
巾钳
towel clip
环钳
ring forceps
不可吸收缝线
nonabsorbable suture
丝线
silk suture
切开
incision
剥离
dissection
止血
hemostasis
结扎
ligation
缝合
suture
剪线
cutting suture
拆线
removing
suture
引流
drainage
骨科
arthro-
关节
articulo-
关节
cranio-
颅
osteo-
骨
burso-
囊
chondro-
软骨
costo-
肋骨
myelo-
骨髓
spondylo-
椎骨
thoraco-
胸的
vertebra-
椎骨
fascio-
筋膜
teno/tendo/tendino-
肌
-kinesia
运
-porosis
多孔
-trophy
发育
-malacia
软化
1
、
中轴骨
AXIAL BONES
bone
n.
骨
rib
n.
肋
vertebrae
n.
椎骨
cervical vertebrae
颈椎
thoracic vertebrae
胸椎
lumbar
vertebrae
腰椎
sternum
n.
胸骨
sacrum
n.
骶骨
coccyx
尾骨
sternal
manubrium
胸骨柄
xiphoid process
剑突
atlas
n.
寰椎
axis
n.
枢椎
sternal angle
胸骨角
thoracic cage
胸廓
2
、颅
SKULL
skull
n.
parietal bone
顶骨
frontal bone
额骨
occipital bone
枕骨
emporal bone
颞骨
sphenoid bone
蝶骨
ethmoid
bone
筛
骨
mandible
n.
下
颌
骨
hyoid
bone
舌
骨
vomer
n.
犁骨
maxilla
n.
上颌骨
palatine bone
腭骨
nasal bone
鼻骨
lacrimal bone
泪骨
zygomatic bone
颧骨
inferior nasal concha
下鼻甲
orbit
n.
眶
coronal suture
冠状缝
sagital suture
矢状缝
lambdoid suture
人字缝
cranial fontanelle
颅囟
2
、
附肢骨
TARSAL BONES AND
EXTREMITAL BONES
clavicle
n.
锁
骨
scapula
n.
肩
胛
humerus
n.
肱
骨
radius
n.
桡骨
ulna
n.
尺骨
carpal bone
腕骨
metacarpal bone
掌骨
phalanges
n.
指骨，趾骨
hip
bone
髋
骨
ilium
n.
髂
骨
ischium
n.
坐
骨
pubis
n.
耻骨
femur
n.
股骨
patella
n.
髌骨
tibia
n.
胫
骨
fibula
n.
腓
骨
tarsal
bone
跗
骨
metatarsal bone
跖骨
4
、关节韧带
flexion
n.
屈
extension
n.
伸展
adduction
n.
收
medial rotation
旋内
lateral rotation
旋外
pronation n
旋前
.
supination n.
旋后
circumduction
n.
环转
vertebral
column
脊柱
temporal-mandibular joint
颞下颌关节
articulation
n.
关节
ligament
n.
韧带
intervertebral disc
椎间盘
shoulder joint
肩关节
elbow joint
肘关节
radiocarpal
joint
桡腕关节
pelvis
n.
骨盆
hip joint
髋关节
knee joint
膝关节
ankle joint
踝关节
arthrography
n.
关节造影
compacta n.
骨密度
epiphysis
n.
骨骺
ossification n.
骨化
synovial joints
滑膜关节
fibrous
纤维连结
syndesmosis
韧带连结
cartilaginous joints
软骨连结
articular surface (cavity)
关节
面
(
腔
)
suture
缝
articular disk
关节盘
articular
labrum
关节唇
articular
capsule
关节囊
extracapsular
ligament
囊外韧带
intracapsular ligament
囊内韧带
yellow
ligament
黄韧带
fibrous layer
(membrane)
纤维层，纤维膜
synovial layer (membrane)
滑膜层，滑膜
ynovial fold
(villi)
滑膜襞
synovial fluid
滑液
circumduction
环转运动
vertebral
joints
椎骨连结
ionterspinous
ligament
棘间韧带
intertransverse
ligament
横突间韧带
Intervertebral
symphysis
椎间联合
interverbral discs
椎间盘
Fibrous rings
纤维环
Pulpiform
nucleus
髓核
Anterior
longitudinal
前纵韧带
Posterior
longitudinal
后纵韧带
Zygapophysial
joint
关节突关节
Lumbosacral joint
腰骶连结
Costovertebral
joints
肋椎关节
Joint of costal
head
肋头关节
Lambdoid suture
人字缝
Costotransverse joint
肋横突关节
Cranial suture
颅缝
Sternocostal
joints
胸肋关节
Coronal (sagittal)
suture
冠矢状缝
Synchondroses of cranium
颅结合
Temporomandibular joint
颞下颌关节
joints of shoulder
girdle
上肢带连结
coracoacromial
ligament
喙间韧带
Coracoclavicular
ligament
喙锁韧带
Acromioclavicular
joint
肩锁关节
Elbow
joint
肘关节
Sternoclavicular
joint
胸锁关节
Shoulder
joint
肩关节
Humeroulnar
joint
肱尺关节
Joints of
hand
手关节
Humeroradial
joint
肱桡关节
Radiocarpal joint ,wrist
joint
桡腕关节，腕关节
Intercarpal
joints
腕骨间关节
Carpometacarpal
joints
腕掌关节
Carpometacarpal joint of
thumb
拇指腕掌关节