关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

博士英语考试要点总结(完美版) 整合

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-03-01 10:31
tags:

-

2021年3月1日发(作者:抹是什么意思)


博士英语考试要点总结


(


完美版


)


整合






博士英语复习资料





分数组成:卷面


80



+


出勤


10



+


口试


10






卷面:一


.


听力选择(放

< p>
2


遍)



1



*10=10







. < /p>


给出后缀,要求写出它的意思,并以此后缀造词并


写出中文意思: 分


*10=5






三、单复数的变化






.


选择 正确的解释并将所选选项翻译成中文(神经系


统、消化系统、心血管系统、呼吸系统、药





理)< /p>


:本题出自各章课后习题


Multiple choice


部分:


1



*10= 10







. 2


段英翻中(医学科普)



5



*2=10< /p>






2


段中翻英(一般为中医)


:内容包括证、病 机、症状、


治则的翻译


,


书中以肺为例 ,考试中可




以变为脾等脏。详见《博士生医学英语教材》中的


IX


、< /p>


X



XI



10



*2=20







.


给一段中文科普文章,


翻译成


80


字左右的英文摘要

< br>





.


作文:


Economic Growth and Environment(80



) A4


纸手写、不能从网上下,夹在卷子里:


10








一.复数形式(教科书

< p>
P42~43






Ampulla



Ampullae


尾突(另有一意思为壶腹)





Corona



Coronae


冠状



Vertebra



Vertebrae


脊椎





Bronchus



Bronchi


支气管





Capillus



Capili


毛发





Fungus



Fungi


真菌





Omphalos



Omphali






Genus



Genera






Stercus



Stercora






Gonad



Gonades


性腺





Testis



Testes


睾丸




< /p>


Diagnosis



Diagnose s


诊断





Psychosis



Psychos es


精神病





Epididymis


< p>
Epididymides


附睾





Thorax



Thoraces


胸部




< /p>


Appendix



Appendice s


阑尾





Pollex



Pollices


拇指





Meninx



Meninges


脑脊膜





Caries



Caries


龋齿





Derma



Dermata


真皮,皮肤





Sarcoma



Sarcomata


肉瘤





Stoma



Stomata






Flagellum



Flagella


鞭毛





Labium



Labia






Protozoon



Protozoa


原生动物



















p17~p20



及课后练习题


I


的所有单词。


笔者按后缀


相关性顺序排列单词,旨在提供一种相对好记的方法,可 结


合书内表格记忆。



形容词性后缀:





心脏的(


-ac



pertaining


to














支气管的












先天的




















髂的













舌下的













扁桃体的
















目的



HEPA














肝的














传染的



食道的












喉的



睫状的















粘液






纤维性的


(-ous:


containing)









分泌脂质的


(-ous:


secreting)




囊样的(


-oid: resembling












腺样的





名词性后缀:





肉瘤


(-oma: tumor)








HEPA














(-itis:


inflammation)













胃炎












心包炎





喉炎
















切牙< /p>



-or



re fers to a doer, person or


thing




ASPIRA










抽吸


(< /p>


-or



that which















-ium


:< /p>


a


part


related


to


a


whole



















贫血



-ia: condition


















恐惧症











营养


不良








脾肿大













栓塞(


-ism: condition, usually




the


result


of


a


prior


condition


















脓毒病


( -sis



condition)










(-osis:


abnormal


condition)









皮肤病





动脉硬化(


-sclerosis:


a


hardening






骨软化



-malacia




softening





动脉狭窄(


-stenosis: a narrowing














杀菌剂(


-e




that which


















解毒剂




验眼镜


(-e:



instrument)



验眼镜


(-scope:



instrument


for


viewing)






膀胱镜


(-scopy:



examination)




温度计(


-meter


< br>


instruments


for


measuring










盆测量(


-metry




measurement










关节刀


(-tome:



instrument for cutting)








关节痛



-algia:



pain



















泄泻< /p>



-rrhea



flow




discharge




胃出血



-rrhagia




excessive flow






足医学


(-iatry



branch


of


medicine)












老年学














眼病(


-pathy:


disease










药理学(


-logy:


process


of


studying















泌尿科医生(


-logist:


one


who


specializes in



















牙医


(同上)















科医生






肝破裂(


-rrhrxis:


rupture




疝缝合术


(-rrhaphy:


suturing)







肝固定术


(-pexy:


fixing


by


suturing)





骨成


形术(


-plasty: surgical repair






颅骨切开术(


-tomy

< p>



incision









阑尾切除术



-ectomy




cutting off









扁桃体切除术









胃造口




-stomy




making an opening into or a connection between











吻合术


(


同上


)













白细胞(


-cyte: cell




细胞缺乏症



-penia




deficiency












-blast




a


cell


that


is


primitive















溶血(


-lysis:


dissolution










支气管灌洗术(

< br>-clysis




washing






制菌


(-stasis: halting)





肾下垂



-ptosis: a falling







盂扩张(


-ectasia: dilatation




-plegia




stroke






心电图描



(-graphy



process


of


recording)









甲状腺肿


(-cele:


hernia)




羊膜穿刺术


(-centesis


< br>surgical puncture to withdraw fluid)




关于各大系统相关单词总结:本部 分需结合书中题目记


忆,笔者这里只做正确选项的标注翻译



The Nervous System



Exercise III


VII



:




dendrites


树突





axon


轴突






convergence


收敛性





microglia


小胶质细胞






Exercise VII






1.


c




apraxia





2.


d




apoplexy





3.


b



embolism


栓塞



4. a




coma




昏迷





5.


b




grand



mal




癫痫大发作



6.


c




hydrocephalus



脑积水



7. d




hypertension



高血压





8.


b




myasthenia


gravis


重症肌无力



9.


c




multiple


sclerosis



多发性硬化



10.


b




shingles




带状疱疹



11.


a




spina bifida


脊柱裂





12.


b




subdural


hematoma








13.


c




ischemia



缺血





14.


a




gliomas




神经胶质瘤



15.


c




metastasis








CARDIOV


ASCULAR



SYSTEM(Exercise


VI):9



10


< br>掉



1. a




heart block


心脏传导阻滞



2. c




pericarditis


心包




3. d




tachycardia


心动过速





4. b




myocardial infarction


心梗



5. d




hypertension



血压



6.


b




aneurysm




动脉瘤



7.


b




murmur




杂音



8.


b




atherosclerosis


动脉粥样硬化



9.



10.




11.


a



pernicious


anemia


恶性贫血



12.


a



infectious


mononucleosis


传单



13. c



varicose veins



静脉曲张





14.


b



sickle


cell


anemia










15.


c



hemophilia




血友病



16. c



leukemia


白血病





THE


RESPIRATORY


SYSTEM


(Exercise


V):


1.


b



dyspnea



呼吸困难





2. c



Cheyne- Stokes


潮式呼吸



3. b



pertussis



百日咳





4. d



hyaline membrane disease


新生儿呼吸窘迫综合









5.


a



atelectasis


肺不张



6.


c



tuberbulosis


肺结核



7.


a



silicosis




矽肺



8.


c



emphysema


肺气肿



9.


b



pleurisy




胸膜炎



10. a



aspiration



抽胸水





THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (Exercise VI) 1. b



cold sore


< p>






2.


d



leukoplakia







3.


c



intussusception


肠套叠



4. b



diverticula



憩室



5. a



melena




黑便





6.


b



serum


hepatitis


乙肝



7.


a



cirrhosis


肝硬化



8.


c



neoplasm


肝囊肿



9. b



ascites



腹水




< /p>


三.选择(注:此处为避免混淆,只记录正确答案,剩


余选项忽略 不计)



神经系统





1.


The


afferent


processes


of


nerve


cells


are


the:


dendrites


树突




[?dendrait]




2.


Those


processes


that


conduct


impulses


away


from


neurons are the: axons


轴突



[??ks?n]




3.


The


transmission


of


impulses


by


many


neurons


to


a


single neuron is known as: convergence


会聚



4. Which of the


following


supportive


nerve


cells


act


as


phagocytes:


microglia


小胶质细胞





phagocyte



[?f?


ɡ?usait]


吞噬细胞





5.


Which


of


the


following


is


not


considered


part


of


the


central


nervous


system?


nerves


originating


from


the


brain


and


the


spinal


cord


脑和脊髓发出的神经



6.


The


inability


to


perform certain body movements is known as: apraxia


失用症





Apraxia [??pr?ksi?]


失用


;


精神性运动不能





7.


The


medical


word


for


stroke


is:


apoplexy


脑卒中



[??p?pleksi] -plexy



发作


,






8.


A


blood


clot


that


leaves


its


original


site


and


blocks


an


artery is called: embolism


栓塞





9. An abnormal deep sleep is called: coma


昏迷



[?k?um?]




10. The more serious form of epileptic seizure is referred to


as: grand mal


癫痫大发作





epileptic seizure [.epi’leptik]



[‘si:??] n.


癫痫发作





11.


The


medical


word


for


an


excessive


amount


of


cerebrospinal


fluid


in


the


ventricles


of


the


brain


is:


hydrocephalus


脑积水





Cerebrospinal




[.seribr?u’


spain?l] adj


脑脊髓的的





12. A sympathectomy is performed to relive: hypertension


高血压





sympathectomy



[?simp??θekt?mi]


交感神经阻断术



13.


A


general


feeling


of


muscular


weakness


and


fatigue


resulting


from a lack of acetylcholine:




myasthenia


gravis



< br>肌





myasthenia



[mai?s?θi?ni?]


肌无力




gravis


< br>重的


,


剧烈的


acetylch oline



[??si?t?l?k?ulin]


乙酰胆碱





14. A condition in which the myelin coverings of the brain


and


spinal


cord


are


destroyed


and


the


gray


and


white


matters


become hard: multiple sclerosis


多发性硬化





spinal cord




n.


脊髓





15.


A


viral


infection


characterized


by


blisterlike


sores


on


the skin: shingles [??i?g?l]


带状疱疹





Blisterlike


像水泡样





16.


A


congenital


defect


characterized


by


a


protruding


sac


containing


cerebrospinal


fluid:


spina


bifida


脊柱裂



congenital


defect



先天性缺陷


protrude



[pr??tru:d]


vi.


突出



sac



[s?k]




cerebrospinal fluid



脑脊液





17.


A


blood


clot


originating


in


one


of


the


membranes


covering


the


brain:


subdural


hematoma


硬膜下血肿



subdural



n.


硬膜下的



hematoma



[?hi?m??t?um?]


血肿





18. The medical word indicating the obstruction of a blood


vessel: ischemia


缺血





19. Malignant tumors originating from the supportive nerve


cells:


gliomas


神经胶质瘤


[


ɡlai??um?]


malignant


tumors




性肿瘤





20.


The


medical


word


indicating


the


spread


of


malignant


tumors to other areas of the body: metastasis


转移





[m??t?st?sis]




心血管系统





1. The obstruction of electrical impulses


moving from the


atria to the ventricles is called: heart block


心传导阻滞





atria




,


前房




ventricle



[?ventrikl]


脑室


;






2. Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is known


as: pericarditis


心包炎



[?perik


ɑ??daitis]





3.


A


type


of


arrhythmia:


A


V


block,



< br>传






tachycardia


心动过速




tachy-



,


快速



4.


Necrosis


of


an


area


of


heart


tissue


due


to


insufficient


blood


supply:


myocardial


infraction







necrosis



[ne?kr?usis]






myocardial



[?mai?u?k


ɑ?di


?l]


心肌的




myo-






5. The medical term for high blood pressure: hypertension


高血压





6.


The


ballooning


of


a


blood


vessel:


aneurysm


动脉瘤














aneurysm



[??nj?r?z(?)m]


动脉瘤





7. Abnormal heart sound resulting from incompetent heart


valves: murmur


心脏杂音





heart valve



心脏瓣膜





8. Abnormal condition in which fatty plaques adhere to the


walls


of


a


blood


vessel:


atherosclerosis




















fatty plaque


脂肪斑块





11.


The


type


of


anemia


brought


on


by


absence


of


an


intrinsic


factor


necessary


for


the


absorption


of


vitamin


B12:


pernicious


anemia


















pernicious



[p???ni??s]


恶性的





12.


A


viral


infection


characterized


by


enlarged


lymph


glands, sore throat, fever, and fatigue: infectious mononucleosis


传染性单核细胞增多症





enlarged


lymph


gland









mononucleosis



[?m?n?unju?kli??usis ]


单核白细胞增多症





13. Abnormal enlarging and twisting of leg veins: varicose


veins


静脉曲张




varicose



[?v?rik?us]


曲张的





14. A type of anemia in which the erythrocytes change their


shape


at


low


oxygen


levels:


sickle


cell


anemia


镰形红细胞贫










































erythrocyte



[i?riθr?usait]


红细 胞


;


红血细胞





15.


Hereditary


bleeding


disease


affecting


only


male


offspring: hemophilia


血友病





hereditary



[hi?redit?ri] a.


遗传的,遗传性的;



offspring



[??f?spri?] n.


子女,子孙,后代





16.


A


form


of


cancer


in


which


there


is


an


uncontrolled


increase of white blood cells: leukemia


白血病



呼吸系统





1.


Labored


breathing:


dyspnea

















-pnea



呼吸






apnea



呼吸暂停



2.


Hyperpnea


followed


by


apnea: Cheyne-Stokes



-


施呼吸(潮式呼吸)





3. An infectious disease that produces a proximal whooping


type of coughs: pertussis




pertussis


[p?’t?sis]



百日咳




proximal









接近的


,


邻 近的





4. A respiratory disease affecting the newborn in which the


alveoli are covered with a thick


membrane: hyaline


membrane


disease


肺透明膜病(新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征)





hyaline



透明的


,


玻 璃样的





5.


Collapse


of


lungs:


atelectasis

















atel-






发育不全








-ectasis



扩张


,


膨胀





6. An infectious disease of the lungs in which the bacteria


become encapsulated: tuberculosis


结核


TB




[tju:.b?:kju’l?usis]





7.


An


example


of


a


pneumoconiosis:


silicosis




pneumo-



肺回戏


,


空 气


coni



(


conus)


圆锥


,

< p>
锥体


-osis







8.


A


condition


in


which


lung


tissues


swell


and


lose


their


elasticity:


emphysema



[.emfi’si:m?]



肺气肿



elasticity





emphy



肺气肿



9.


Inflammation


of


the


serous


membrane


covering the lungs and thoracic cavity: pleurisy


胸膜炎



serous



[?si?r?s]


血清的









thoracic cavity



胸腔





9. Process of removing fluid from pleural cavity: aspiration


抽吸


pleural cavity



胸膜腔



[‘pl


ur?]


消化系统





1. A virus, herpes simplex, causes a blister to erupt on the


mucous membrane lining of the mouth: cold sore




唇疱疹





blister



n.


水疱


,




mucous membrane



n.


粘膜





2. Inflamed patches of mucous membrane that can become


malignant: leukoplakia [lu:k?


’pleiki?]


粘膜白斑





3. The invagination of one portion of intestine into another:


intussusceptions [.int?ss?’sep??n]


肠套叠





invagination




内陷







intestine



n.







intestinal



肠的


,


在肠 内的





4. Pouches that form on the intestinal wall: diverticula


肠憩



















pouch



n.


小袋





5. Bloody stools: melena



[m?’li:n?]


黑便





6.


A


form


of


liver


disease


caused


by


a


blood


transfusion


with


contaminated


blood:


serum


hepatitis



< p>
















serum



血清





7.


Scarred


condition


of


the


liver


that


results


in


impeded


circulation


of


blood:


cirrhosis


[si’r?usis]


肝硬化



impede



vt.


阻碍,妨碍,阻止





8. The development of new but abnormal tissue: neoplasm


肿瘤



[‘ni:?upl?z?m]





plasm



,


原生质


,

形成物质





9. The buildup of excessive fluid in


the peritoneal cavity:


ascites


腹水


[?’saitiz]





peritoneal [,perit?’ni:?l] n.


腹膜的



peritoneal cavity



腹膜





buildup



积累


,


聚集


,


增长


,


增加





药理:





Antitussives are drugs that suppress coughing.[.?nti’t?siv] n.





, < /p>





adj.






tussive



adj.






Antispasmodic


drugs


are


used


to


relieve


bronchial


spasms.



[?ntisp? z’mɑdik]


解痉药





spasm


n.


痉挛;突发一阵


spasmodic



痉挛


(


性< /p>


)



,


间歇





antispasmodic



adj.


止痉挛的


n.


镇痉药





中枢系统药物





Stimulants






stimulant



[?stimjul?nt]





increase


CNS


activity



















Depressants




depressant



[di’pr


es?nt]







decrease


CNS


activity
















Analgesics




analgesic



[??n?l?d?i:zik]



a


substance


that


reduces


pain










止痛药




Hypnotics





hypnotic



[hip’n?tik]






drugs


that


produce


sleep













hyp-



?











Sedatives





sedative



[?sed?tiv]









has


a


calming,tranquilizing


effect







镇静药




Barbiturates



barbiturates



[b


ɑ:’bitju?rits]













巴比妥类

































a powerful drug


that


makes


you


feel


calm


and


relaxed


or


puts


you


to


sleep.


Anesthetics



ane


sthetic



[??nis?θetik]





causes


a


loss


of


awareness


and


sensation


麻醉药




?Tranquilizers


tranquilizer



[‘tr??kwilaiz?]





reduce


mental


tension














安定








中医< /p>


翻译




用词< /p>



:


急性





acute


febrile


disease


外感病



external


disease


温病




warm


disease


病因



cause of disease




辨证论治



syndrome differentiation and treatment IX




先天之精



innate


essence


后天之精



acquired


essence





foods and fluids






/



/




kidney


qi/yin/yang






warming


influence




运化



transportation and transformation




精主生长、生殖



jing


governing/dominating


growth


and


reproduction




助神



aiding the mind/shen


安神



anchor the shen


气生血



qi produce blood


气摄血



qi hold the blood




气为血之帅,血为气之母



qi is the commander of blood,


and


blood


is


the


mother


of


qi


血虚



deficient


blood


血滞


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-03-01 10:31,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/687709.html

博士英语考试要点总结(完美版) 整合的相关文章