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2017
届十四校高三第一阶段教学调研英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension (...)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passages
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For the
blanks with
a
given word,
fill
in
each
blank with
the
proper
form of
the
given word; for the
other blanks , use one word that best fits each
blank.
From classics to
movies
He
can
recite
Shakespeare?s
Hamlet
from
memory.
His
favorite
ancient
myth
is
The
Odyssey.
Tom
Hiddleston, 32, could have been a
popular professor teaching English Literature at
(21) ______university,
but the well-
educated British man chose to do something that he
loves even more: acting.
He?s
well
-known
around
the
world
as
the
villain
Loki
from
the
Hollywood
films
Thor
(2011),
The
Avengers (2012) and now Thor : The Dark
World, which will come out in China on Nov ston?s
role
ad
Thor?s
evil
brother
has
led
his
fans
---
“Hiddlestoners”
---
(22)
______(refer)
to
him
as
“the
most
charming villain” in cinema.
(23)
______his
charm,
Hiddleston
had
a
tough
time
(24)
______(persuade)
his
scientist
father
that
acting
was
a
worthwhile
job.
As
a
student
at
Eton,
a
private
school
for
upper-class
kids
in
England,
Hiddleton performed in a lot of school
plays. At 18, he appeared on stage at the
Edinburgh International
Festival. “It
was the first time that people I knew and loved
and respected came up to me after the show and
said: ?You could really do this (25)
______you wanted to ?”, Hiddleston told the Daily
Mail.
He said
that as
a teenager he didn?t have much
self
-
esteem, but acting gave
him confidence. “It was
when they
started saying I could do it (26) ______I really
committed to it as a possibility,” he continued.
However ,his father did not approve,
believing his polite and bright son should be
using his brains for (27)
______else.
“You?ve been educated, so why do you want to spend
your life pretending to be someone else
when you could be your own man?” the
father told the son.
So, instead of going to drama school,
Hiddleston went to Cambridge, (28)______he studied
classics.
There, he continued to appear
in student plays and even landed some roles on TV
and in local theaters. He
managed
to
balance
his
acting
and
his
studies
so
well
that
he
(29)
______(graduate)
with
a
first-class
degree.
But
Hiddleston?s international breakthrough came when
he auditioned for the 2011 film Thor. He was
desperate to play the title superhero,
but the director decided that he was (30)
______(suitable) for the part
of
villain, Loki.
In the end,
his dark and powerful performance won over his
father. It also earned him some important
fans in the film industry: Steven
Spielberg and Woody Allen. The two world-famous
directors asked him to
star in their
award-winning films War Horse(2011) and Midnight
in Paris(2011), respectively.
Section B
Directions
:
complete the following passage by
using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used
once. Note that there is one word
more than you need.
B.
underrepresented
C. shared
D.
participation
E. pursuit
F. launched
G. confirmed
H. female
I. barriers
J. agreements
K. advancing
Gender equality has powerful potential
to improve the economy, security and the overall
well-being of
a population.
“If the world closed the gender gap in
workforce ___31____global [Gross Domestic Product]
would
increase by 28 trillion dollars
by 2025. That?s about a quarter of the word?s
current GDP, and almost half of
the
word?s current debt,” said US.
Ambassador
-at-L
arge for
Global Women?s Issues Catherine Russell in a
recent speech. She also noted that
“studies have found that countries with less
gender inequality are more
secure, and
peace ___32____last longer when women are at the
negotiating table.”
Nonetheless, no country in the word can
___33____that it has achieved full gender
equality.
“Around
the
world,
women
are
vastly
___34____in
politics
and
the
workforce,
particularly
in
leadership positions and
other high-
paying jobs, ” said
Ambassador Russel. At the sa
me
time,women make
up the majority of the
poor. “I?ve heard people say that poverty has a
___35____face, and that makes sense
when you consider that women control
just one-
fifth of global wealth,” said
Ambassador Russel.
World leaders are beginning to
recognize that everyone benefits from
___36____gender equality, she
said.
This is why gender equality is part of n policy. A
key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating
and empowering girls. In the past 18
months, the United States ___37____its global
strategy to empower
adolescent girls,
as well as Let Girls lean, which is a Presidential
initiative that focuses on educating girls.
We are also working with
numerous countries to remove ___38____that keep
women from inheriting
or owning
property, entering the formal job market or
accessing banking services.
“Gender
equality
sometimes
looks
like
an
impossible
task
---
a
___39____without
an
end,
”
said
Ambassador
Russel.
“But
we
can
make
progress,
and
that
progress
is
worth
making.
Little
by
little,
discussion, step bu
step, we can improve the lives of women and girls,
men and boys all around the World.
And
in doing so, we can reach our ___40____goals of
peace, prosperity, and security.”
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A (15%
）
Directions:
For each blank in
the following passage there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in
each blank with the word or phrase that best fits
the context.
“Achievement
Gap” Closing Slightly for Y
oung
Students in U.S
Within
many
education
systems,
wealthier
students
often
test
better
than
poorer
students,
which,
to
education experts this is often called
the
Sean Reardon is a professor
of poverty and___41__ in education at Stanford. He
studied children and
how they prepare
for kindergarten classes. He also looked at how
their preparation has changed since the
found __42___that from 1998 to 2010
the achievement gap closed a little.
One
way to reduce the gap is to offer pre-kindergarten
__43___ to very young children.
Education experts and some politicians
have long ___44___for pre-kindergarten classes for
all young
children. In fact, it has
been a ___45___ heard on the political campaign
trail -- universal pre-kindergarten
classes for all 3- and 4-year-olds.
Such
classes
are
already
being
offered
in
some
areas
around
the
United
States,
including
the
U.S.
capital, Washington,
D.C. __46__, education reformers may want to look
to Washington as a role model.
Vincent
Gray
is
a
former
mayor
of
the
District
of
Columbia.
When
Gray
was
chairman
of
the
D.C.
____47_ gave parents of all children
in Washington the choice to begin school at either
age 3
or 4. the pre-K programs are not
a _48_____ in the city. Parents can still choose
what is best for their family.
But many
parents are choosing education.
However, there are theories that say a
child does not need schooling at the age of 3 and
4. If we are
looking at test results,
Finland __49___ the United States and most other
countries in mathematics, reading
and
science. Yet Finnish children do not start school
until age 7.
Perhaps
there
is
not
a
one-size-fits-all
answer.
Perhaps
different
children
need
school
at
different
lly, wealthier
parents have more __50___ resources to help their
children. Educated parents --
wealthy
or not -- may know how to use the resources that
are available to them. For example, they may
take their children to free events at a
public library or recreation center. Washington,
D.C. also has many
museums with free
_51___.
Perhaps children who grow
up with these types of activities don't need to
start attending school at age
3.
However,
children
who
are
growing
up
in
what
Vincent
Gray
calls
socio-economically
___52___
situations may not
have access to such activities. For some families,
he says, starting school at age 3 can be
a game changer.
Pre-
kindergarten classes do more than __53___ the
child. They also bring parents and caregivers into
the schools. This point of contact,
explains Gray, is a valuable time to educate
families.
A
federal
study
found
that,
__54___,
parent
involvement
increased
with
such
contacts.
But
it
increased
even
more
among
___55___
parents.
It
shows
schools
offer
a
place
where
conversations
with
these parents can
happen.
41 A. efficiency
B. inequality
C. convenience
D. independence
42 A.
critically
B. terribly
C. firmly
D.
surprisingly
43 A. projects
B. actions
C. programs
D. materials
44
A. desired
B. pushed
C.
demanded
D. promoted
45
A. promise
B. potential
C. possibility
D. proportion
46
A. In fact
B. For example
C. As a result
D. On the contrary
47 A. figure
B.
measure
C. feature
D.
portrait
48 A. freedom
B. option
C. requirement
D. need
49 A. beats
B. wins
C. conquers
D. overcomes
50 A. economical
B political
C. natural
D. financial
51 A.
permission
B.
admission
C. expression
D. impression
52 A. rich
B. secure
C.
challenging
D.
dangerous
53 A. support
B.
entertain
C.
excite
D.
educate
54 A. generally
B.
especially
C.
definitely
D.
rarely
55 A. well-paid
B.
highly-cultivated C. well-educated
D. low-income
Section B
Directions:
Read
the
following
four
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the one that
fits
best according to the information given in the
passage you have read.
(A)
Science not always so serious
Did you know that if you attach a
weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks
like a dinosaur?
No, you
did not know (or care to know) these things, but
now you do! Thanks to this year?s winners of
the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its
25
th
year, the Ig Nobel is
the
goofy
younger cousin of
the honored Nobel
Prize. It applauds
achievements in the fields of medicine, biology,
physics, economics, literature, etc. Every
September at Harvard University, awards
are presented in 10 categories that change year to
year, depending
on
—
according to the
organization
—
what makes the judges “laugh, then
think”.
The ceremony
officially begins when audience members launch
paper airplanes at an assigned human
target
on
the
stage,
then
speakers
only
have
60
seconds
to
present
their
research.
In
previous
years,
the
one-minute rule was
imposed by a young girl
—
nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo
—
who would go up to the
platform and
repeat the words: “Please stop, I?m bored,” in a
sharp to
ne until the speaker left the
stage.
Fortunately for candidates
though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held
afterwards on Saturday to give
presenters more time to explain the
crazy things they?re working on.
The research can seem more like the
brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable
adults. Justin
Schmidt won the
physiology and entomology Ig for creating the
“Schmidt Sting Pain Index,” which rates
the pain people feel after getting
stung
（蛰）
by various insects.
Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts
of his body until they stung him. Five
stings a day for 38 days later, Smith concluded
that the most painful
sting locations
were the nostril
（鼻孔）
and the
upper lip. Ouch.
As silly as they
sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific
applicability. A group of scientists from
12 different countries won in the
medicine category for accurately diagnosing
patients with appendicitis
（
阑
尾炎）
based on an unusual
measurement: speed
bumps
（减速带）
. They found that
patients are more likely
to have
appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car
rides.
All these weird experiments have
just one thing in common. They?re
improbable
.
It
can be tempting to
assume that
“improbable” implies
more than
that—
implies bad or good, worthless or
valuable, trivial or
important.
Something improbable can be any of those, or none
of them, or all of them, in different ways.
And
what
you
don?t
expect
can
be
a
powerful
force
for
not
only
entertaining
science,
but
also
for
the
boundary-
pushing science we call innovation.
56. The underl
ined word
“goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means
__________.
A.
timid
B. funny
C.
glorious
D. warm-hearted
57.
According to the passage, what can we know about
the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel?
A. It is held at a fixed place.
B. Candidates should know
how to fold paper planes.
C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the
hostesses.
D. Ig Informal
Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish
their speeches.
58. The example in
Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel
__________.
A. celebrates
the diligent work of researchers
B. offers another opportunity to those
who miss the Nobel Prizes
C. serves as a platform for the
creative and practical achievements
D. amuses the audience
59.
Among the four candidates below, who is most
likely to win an Ig Nobel?
A. A chemist who invents a chemical
method to partially un-boil an egg.
B. A novelist who criticizes social
injustice severely.
C. A
physicist who studies the origin of the universe.
D. An economist who
achieves a breakthrough in the study of
international trade.
(B)
All
abroad: try these out
Here are new card
games popular in the Western geek circle that
offer much brain work. Give them a
try
if you fancying testing your limits.
Mysterium
In
this
game,
the
players
are
to
solve
a
murder
mystery
in
order
to
put
rest
the
soul
of
a
wrongly-accused man who dies in prison.
Mysterium
allows
one
player
to
be
the
ghost
itself,
who
offers
hints
to
other
players
in
the
way
of
“dream cards”. The dream cards will
then lead players to the cards with details
a
bout the murder weapon,
location
and
suspects.
Figuring
out
the
connections
between
these
elements
will
help
them
find
the
murderer.
Playing the ghost
can be fun, as Tony Mastrangeli, a game reviewer,
puts it, “For me, some of the most
fun
comes from playi
ng the ghost role. I
like steering the ship and handing out
cards.”
Codenames
Codenames starts players out with
cards. Each card bears a word on the front and a
secret identity on
the
reverse.
Players
are
divided
into
two
teams,
red
team
and
blue
team.
Each
team
has
a
leader,
or
“spymaster”,
who
owns
a
map
of
each
hidden
identity.
It?s
then
their
job
to
give
out
clues
so
the
team
members
can find their own spies.
Spymasters
can only indicate the word on the card following a
strict format: a single word followed by
a number. For example, if the cards
bearing “cactus (
仙人掌
)” and
“heat” both belong to the red team, the
clue can be “desert, two”. The red team
members will then start discussing the clues and
try to find the two
cards that relate
to “desert”.
Pandemic:
Legacy
In this game, you and your
friends play a team of doctors and scientists, who
can help to prevent four
deadly
diseases
from
wiping
out
humanity.
This
is
a
cooperative
game,
which
means
you
and
your
teammates either live together or die
together.
By
drawing
an
instruction
card,
teammates
will
be
able
to
move,
treat
diseases
or
build
a
research
station. If they draw one of the five
“epidemic” (
流行病
) cards, the
city will suffer a disease outbreak. If
handled wrong, outbreaks might lead to
a chain reaction and cause things to crash down.
Pandemic: Legacy requires you to look
at the bigger picture before making any decisions.
Finding the
balance between treating
diseases and seeking more permanent cures is a
constant challenge.
60. Playing the
ghost in Mysterium offers you a lot of fun because
__________.
A. you can
bring the poor man back to life
B. you can solve the murder mystery by
yourself
C. you can
dominate the whole game
D.
you can select your partners
61.
In
Codenames,
what
clue
may
the
Spymaster
give
for
the
cards
bearing
“agency”,
“climate”
and
“fountain”?
A. “architecture, 3”
B. “tourism, 3”
C. “location, 3”
D. “geology, 3”
62. Which of the following is NOT true
about Pandemic: Legacy?
A.
It?s a role
-play game.
B. Its players need to beat one
another.
C. It provides fun
and mental challenge.
D. It
calls for carefulness and comprehensive thinking
to win the challenge.
(C)
The MacArthur Foundation late last
month announced its latest crop of “genius
grants”, and once ag
ain you
thought maybe, just maybe, this was
your year.
And
why
not?
These
days,
we?re
all
geniuses.
We
might
be
“marketing
geniuses”
or
“cooking
geniuses” or “TV geniuses”. We have so
weakened “genius” that it?s fast joining the
company of “natural”
an
d
“mindful” (
留心
), words left
inactive through overuse and misuse.
Admittedly, the word is tough to nail
down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw
intelligence.
But many of humanity?s
greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with
only modest I
Qs.
Sometimes we think of the genius as
someone extremely knowledgeable, but that
definition also falls
short.
During
Albert
Einstein?s
time,
other
scientists
knew
more
physics
than
Einstein
did,
but
history
doesn?t remember them. That?s because
they didn?t make use of that knowledge the way
Einstein did. They
weren?t able to, as
he put it, “regard old questions from a new
angle”.
The genius is
not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who,
working with the material available to
all
of
us,
is
able
to
make
surprising
and
useful
connections.
True
genius
involves
not
merely
an
extra
advance, but a
conceptual leap. As philosopher Arthur
Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one
else can hit; genius hits the target no
one else can see.
We?v
e lost sight of this
truth, and too often grant the title of genius on
talented people hitting visible
targets. A good example is the much-
boasted announcement earlier this year that
scientists had, for the first
time,
recorded
the
sound
of
two
black
holes
bumping,
a
billion
light-years
away.
It
was
a
remarkable
discovery, no doubt, but it did not
represent a dramatic shift in how we understand
the universe. It merely
confirmed
Einstein?s general theory of
relativity.