流感词汇+四字格+诗文翻译汇总

flu strain

流感病毒株

anti-viral medications

抗病毒药物

make a vaccine against

研制出一种抗??的疫苗

ease flu symptoms

减轻流感症状

ep idemiologists

流行病学专家

pneumonias

肺炎

incubation period

潜伏期

outbreak

爆发

mutate into a more dangerous strain

突变成更危险病毒株

face mask

面罩

test positive/negative

检测呈阳性< /p>

/

阴性

develop a fever

出现发烧

/

发热症状

precautionary measures

预防措施

avoid contacts with

避免与??接触

quarantee

医学隔离

step up surveillance

加强检测

flu jitters

流感恐慌

contain

遏制

stem the spread of the virus

制止病毒的扩散

public health emergency of international concern

国际关注的

突发 公共卫生事件

阅读文章：

The pandemic threat

Apr 30th 2009 From The Economist print edition

It’s

deadly

serious;

so

even

if

the

current

threat

fades,

the

world

needs

to

be

better armed. IT IS

said

that

no battle-plan

survives

contact

with

the

enemy.

This

was

certainly

true

of

the

plan drawn up over the past few years to combat an influenza

pandemic.

The

generals

of

global

health

assumed

that

the

enemy

would be avian flu, probably passed from hens to humans, and

that

it

would

strike

first

in

southern

China

or

South-East

Asia.

In

fact,

the

flu

started

in

an

unknown

pig,

and

the

attack

came

in Mexico, not Asia.

The hens, though, deserve some credit. The world has not had

a pandemic (a global epidemic) of influenza since 1968. Four

decades

are

long

enough

to

forget

that

something

is

dangerous,

and people might have done so had they not spent the past ten

years

considering

the

possibility

that

a

form.

of

bird

flu

which

emerged in Hong Kong in 1997 might be one mutation away from

going worldwide.

The

new

epidemic

was

raised

on

April

29th

to

just

one

notch

below

the

level

of

a

certified

pandemic

by

the

World

Health

Organisation. In an effort to halt the spread of the disease,

Mexico’s

president,

Felipe

Calderón,

has

announced

that

non-essential services should close down between May 1st and

5th,

and

people

should

stay

at

home.

Part

of

the

reason

for

worry

is

that,

unlike

ordinary

flu,

which

mostly

carries

off

the

old,

the victims of this disease are mostly young and otherwise

healthy.

Still, this epidemic has not actually killed many people yet.

That there have been a mere handful of confirmed deaths is

probably the result of a lack of proper tests. But even if all

the possibles are counted in, a couple of hundred fatalities

cannot compare with the 30,000 deaths caused in America each

year by seasonal influenza. So how scared should we be?

Damned if you do, damne

d if you don’tAs far as this epidemic

is concerned, it’s too early to tell. One unknown is

how

widespread

the

virus

is

in

Mexico.

If

it

is

ubiquitous,

and

had

not been noticed earlier because it emerged during the normal

flu

season,

then

this

epidemic

may

turn

out

to

be

insignificant,

at least to start with. No flu death is welcome, but in this

case the new disease might not increase the immediate burden

greatly. But if the new strain is relatively rare, or what is

being seen now is a more dangerous mutation of what had once

been

a

mild

virus,

then

the

proportion

of

infected

people

dying

may already be high. The death-toll, then, will rise sharply

as the disease spreads.

Either

way,

the

authorities

were

right

to

hit

red

alert.

Influenza

pandemics

seem

to

strike

every

few

decades

and

to

kill

by

the

million

—

at

least

1m

in

1968;

perhaps

100m

in

the

“Spanish”

flu

of

1918

-19.

And

even

those

that

start

mild

can

turn dangerous. That is because new viral diseases generally

happen when a virus mutates in a way that allows it to jump

species,

and

then

continues

to

evolve

to

exploit

its

new

host.

If that evolution makes the virus more virulent, so much the

worse

for

the

host.

HIV,

the

AIDS- causing

virus,

lived

happily

and

benignly

in

chimpanzees

before

it

became

a

scourge

of

people.

In

Mexico,

the

early

indications

are

that

two

pig

viruses

that

can

infect

people

but

rarely

pass

from

person

to

person

recombined with each other to create a virus which does so

easily.

Changes

in

virulence

have

certainly

happened

before

in

influenza epidemics, which have struck in successive waves of

different severity. The message is that it makes sense to put

money and effort into containing the new infection even if it

does

turn

out

to

be

relatively

harmless

today.

The

more

people

who

have

the

virus,

the

more

virus

particles

there

are

for

that

one, fatal mutation to appear in.

Resistance

is

another

reason

to

try

to

contain

an

epidemic

early.

New

antiviral

drugs

that

were

not

around

during

past

epidemics

seem

to

be

effective

against

the

current

outbreak.

But

natural

selection

is

a

powerful

force,

and

if

the

spread

of

the

disease

means they have to be used widely, a resistant strain of the

virus could easily evolve.

Don’t

wait

till

winterNow

is

the

time

to

prepare

for

the

worst.

Flu

—

including

pandemic

flu

—

tends

to

be

seasonal.

The

infection

will

probably

tail

off

in

the

north

over

the

next

few

months

and

head

south

as

winter

gets

a

grip

on

the

Earth’s

less

populated hemisphere. It would make sense, therefore, to put