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Creating a reference list or bibliography


A numbered list of references must be provided at the end of the


paper. The


list


should be


arranged


in the order of


citation in the


text of the assignment or essay, not in alphabetical order. List


only one reference per reference number. Footnotes or other


information


that


are


not


part


of


the


referencing


format


should


not


be included in the reference list.


The


following


examples


demonstrate


the


format


for


a


variety


of


types


of references. Included are some examples of citing electronic


documents.


Such


items


come


in


many


forms,


so


only


some


examples


have


been listed here.


Print Documents


Books


Note:


Every (important) word in the title of a book or conference


must be capitalised. Only the first word of a subtitle should be


capitalised. Capitalise the


Punctuation goes inside the quotation marks.


Standard format



[#]


A.


A.


Author/editor,


Title:


Subtitle



(in


italics


)


,


Edition


(if


not the first)


, Vol.


(if a multivolume work)


. Place of


publication: Publisher, Year, page number(s)


(if


appropriate)


.



Single author



[1]


W.-K.


Chen,


Linear


Networks


and


Systems


.


Belmont,


CA:


Wadsworth,


1993, pp. 123-135.


[2] S. M. Hemmington,


Soft Science


. Saskatoon: University of


Saskatchewan Press, 1997.


Edited work



[3] D. Sarunyagate, Ed.,


Lasers


. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.


Later edition



[4]


K.


Schwalbe,


Information


Technology


Project


Management


,


3rd


ed.


Boston: Course Technology, 2004.


[5] M. N. DeMers,


Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems


,


3rd ed. New York : John Wiley, 2005.


More than one author



[6] T. Jordan and P. A. Taylor,


Hacktivism and Cyberwars: Rebels


with a cause?


London: Routledge, 2004.


[7] U. J. Gelinas, Jr., S. G. Sutton, and J. Fedorowicz,


Business


processes and information technology


. Cincinnati:


South-Western/Thomson Learning, 2004.


Three or more authors



Note:


The names of all authors should be given in the references


unless


the


number


of


authors


is


greater


than


six.


If


there


are


more


than six authors, you may use


et al.


after the name of the first


author.


[8]


R.


Hayes,


G.


Pisano,


D.


Upton,


and


S.


Wheelwright,


Operations,


Strategy, and Technology: Pursuing the competitive edge


.


Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2005.


Series



[9] M. Bell, et al.,


Universities Online: A survey of online


education


and


services


in


Australia


,


Occasional


Paper


Series


02-A. Canberra: Department of Education, Science and


Training, 2002.


Corporate author (ie: a company or organisation)



[10] World Bank,


Information and Communication Technologies: A


World


Bank


group


strategy


.


Washington,


DC


:


World


Bank,


2002.


Conference (complete conference proceedings)



[11] T. J. van Weert and R. K. Munro, Eds.,


Informatics and the


Digital


Society:


Social,


ethical


and


cognitive


issues:


IFIP


TC3/WG3.1&3.2 Open Conference on Social, Ethical and


Cognitive Issues of Informatics and ICT, July 22-26, 2002,


Dortmund, Germany


. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.


Government publication



[12] Australia. Attorney-Generals Department.


Digital Agenda


Review


, 4 Vols. Canberra: Attorney- General's Department,


2003.


Manual



[13] Bell Telephone Laboratories Technical Staff,


Transmission


System for Communications


, Bell Telephone Laboratories,


1995.


Catalogue



[14]


Catalog


No.


MWM-1,


Microwave


Components


,


M.


W.


Microwave


Corp.,


Brooklyn, NY.


Application notes



[15] Hewlett-Packard, Appl. Note 935, pp. 25-29.


Note:



Titles


of


unpublished


works


are


not


italicised


or


capitalised.


Capitalise only the first word of a paper or thesis.


Technical report



[16] K. E. Elliott and C.M. Greene,


Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, France, Tech. Rep.


916-1010-BB, 1997.


Patent / Standard



[17] K. Kimura and A. Lipeles,


S. Patent 14,860,040, December 14, 1996.


Papers presented at conferences (unpublished)



[18] H. A. Nimr,


controllers,


Fuzzy Systems, Cairo, Egypt, 1996.


Thesis or dissertation



[19] H. Zhang,


University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 1997.


[20] M. W. Dixon,


routing problem in communication networks,


dissertation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia,


1999.



Parts of a Book


Note:


These examples are for chapters or parts of edited works in


which


the


chapters


or


parts


have


individual


title


and


author/s,


but


are included in collections or textbooks edited by others. If the


editors of a work are also the authors of all of the included


chapters


then


it


should


be


cited


as


a


whole


book


using


the


examples


given above (Books).


Capitalise only the first word of a paper or book chapter.


[#] A. A. Author of Part,


Title:


Subtitle of book


, Edition, Vol., A. Editor Ed. Place of


publication: Publisher, Year, pp. inclusive page numbers.


Single chapter from an edited work



[1]


A.


Rezi


and


M.


Allam,



in


array


processing


by


means


of transformations,


Control and Dynamic Systems


, Vol.


69, Multidemsional Systems, C. T. Leondes, Ed. San Diego:


Academic Press, 1995, pp. 133-180.


[2] G. O. Young,


Plastics


, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York:


McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.


Conference


or


seminar


paper


(one


paper


from


a


published


conference


proceedings)



[3] N. Osifchin and G. Vau,


modernization of telecommunications in Central and Eastern


European and former Soviet Union (CEE/FSU) countries,


Second International Telecommunications Energy Special


Conference


, 1997, pp. 9-16.


[4]


S.


Al


Kuran,



prospects


for


GaAs


MESFET


technology


in


dc- ac


voltage conversion,


Proceedings of the Fourth Annual


Portable Design Conference


, 1997, pp. 137-142.


Article in an encyclopaedia, signed



[5] O. B. R. Strimpel,


McGraw-Hill


Encyclopedia


of


Science


and


Technology


,


8th


ed.,


Vol.


4.


New


York: McGraw-Hill, 1997, pp. 279-283.


Study Guides and Unit Readers



Note:


You should not cite from Unit Readers, Study Guides, or


lecture notes, but where possible you should go to the original


source


of


the


information.


If


you


do


need


to


cite


articles


from


the


Unit Reader, treat the Reader articles as if they were book or


journal articles. In the reference list or bibliography use the


bibliographical details as quoted in the Reader and refer to the


page


numbers


from


the


Reader,


not


the


original


page


numbers


(unless


you have independently consulted the original).


[6] L. Vertelney, M. Arent, and H. Lieberman,


search


of


an


interface:


Reflections


on


a


design


problem,


in


The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design


, B. Laurel, Ed.


Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1990. Reprinted in


Human-Computer Interaction (ICT 235) Readings and Lecture


Notes


,


Vol.


1.


Murdoch:


Murdoch


University,


2005,


pp.


32-37.



Journal Articles


Note:


Capitalise only the first word of an article title, except


for proper nouns or acronyms. Every (important) word in the title


of


a


journal


must


be


capitalised.


Do


not


capitalise


the



in


volume


for a journal article.


You must


either


spell out


the entire


name of


each journal that you


reference or use accepted abbreviations. You must consistently do


one or the other. Staff at the Reference Desk can suggest sources


of accepted journal abbreviations.


You may spell out words such as volume or December, but you must


either


spell


out


all


such


occurrences


or


abbreviate


all.


You


do


not


need to abbreviate March, April, May, June or July.


To indicate a page range use pp. 111-222. If you refer to only one


page, use only p. 111.


Standard format



[#]


A.


A.


Author


of


article.



of


article,


Title


of


Journal


,


vol. #, no. #, pp. page number/s, Month year.


Journal articles



[1] E. P. Wigner,


Phys.


Rev.,


vol. 134, pp. A635-A646, Dec. 1965.


[2] J. U. Duncombe,


of


feasability,


IEEE


Trans.


Electron.


Devices


,


vol.


ED-11,


pp. 34-39, Jan. 1959.


[3] G. Liu, K. Y. Lee, and H. F. Jordan,


networks and shufflenets for optical communications,


IEEE


Trans. Comp.


, vol. 46, pp. 695-701, June 1997.


OR


[4]


J.


R.


Beveridge


and


E.


M.


Riseman,



easy


is


matching


2D


line


models using local search?


IEEE Transactions on Pattern


Analysis


and


Machine


Intelligence


,


vol.


19,


pp.


564-579,


June


1997.


[5]


I.


S.


Qamber,



graph


development


method,


Microelectronics


Reliability


, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1387-1395, Dec. 1993.


[6] E. H. Miller,


IEEE Transactions


on Antennas and Propagation


, to be published.



Electronic documents


Note:


When you


cite an


electronic source try to describe it in the


same way you would describe a similar printed publication. If


possible,


give


sufficient


information


for


your


readers


to


retrieve


the source themselves.


If only the first page number is given, a plus sign indicates


following pages, eg. 26+. If page numbers are not given, use


paragraph or other section numbers if you need to be specific.


An electronic source may not always contain clear author or


publisher details.


The


access


information


will


usually


be


just


the


URL


of


the


source.


As


well


as


a


publication/revision


date


(if


there


is


one),


the


date


of


access


is


included


since


an


electronic


source


may


change


between


the time you cite it and the time it is accessed by a reader.


E-Books


Standard format



[#]


A.


Author.


Title


of


E-book


.


Place:


Publisher,


Date


of


original


publication. [Format] Available: Source.


[1] L. Bass, P. Clements, and R. Kazman.


Software Architecture in


Practice


,


2nd


ed.


Reading,


MA:


Addison


Wesley,


2003.


[E-book]


Available: Safari e-book.


[2]


T.


Eckes,


The


Developmental


Social


Psychology


of


Gender


.


Mahwah


NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000. [E-book] Available: netLibrary


e-book.


Article in online encyclopaedia



[3] D. Ince,


A Dictionary of the Internet


.


Oxford:


Oxford


University


Press,


2001.


[Online].


Available:


Oxford Reference Online, .


[Accessed: May 24, 2005].


[4]


W.


D.


Nance,



information


system,


in


The


Blackwell


Encyclopedic Dictionary of Management Information Systems


,


G.B. Davis, Ed. Malden MA: Blackwell, 1999, pp. 138-144.


[E-book]. Available: NetLibrary e-book.



E-Journals


Standard format



[#] A. Author,


Title of Journal


, vol., no.,


p.


page


numbers,


month


year.


[Format].


Available:


Database


Name



(if


appropriate)


,


internet


address.


[Accessed


date


of


access].



Journal article abstract accessed from online database



[1] M. T. Kimour and D. Meslati,


in real-time embedded systems,


Information and Software


Technology


, vol. 47, no. 8, p. 533, June 2005. [Abstract].


Available: ProQuest, /proquest/.


[Accessed May 12, 2005].

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