-
信号处理仿真
(MATLAB)
实验指导书
青岛大
学自动化工程学院电子工程系
2011
年
4
月
MATLAB
实验一
一、实验目的：
1.
Be familiar with MATLAB
Environment
2.
Be familiar with array and matrix
二、实验内容：
1.
Be familiar with Matlab
6.5
Startup Matlab 6.5,
browse the major tools of the Matlab desktop
?
The Command
Windows
?
The
Command History Windows
?
Launch Pad
?
The Edit/Debug Window
?
Figure Windows
?
Workspace
Browser and Array Editer
?
Help Browser
?
Current Directory Browser
PART
I:
下列选择练习，不需提交实验报告
1
．
Give the answer of the following
questions for the array
2
?
.
1
3
.
5
?
1
.
1
0
.
< br>0
?
6
?
0
.
0
1
.
1
?
?
3
.
4
6
.
6
2
.
8
?
a
r
r
a
1
y
?
?
?
2
.
1
0
< br>.
1
?
1
.
3
0
?
.
3
0
.
4
?
?
?
1
.
4
5
.
1
0
.
0
< br>1
.
1
?
?
0
.
0
1
）
What is the size of array1?
2
）
What is the
value of array1(4,1)?
3
）
What is the
size and value of array1(:,1:2)?
4
）
What is the size and value of array1([1
3], end)?
2
．
Give the answer of the following
commad
1)
a=1:2:5;
2) b=[a
’
a
’
a
’
];
3) c=b(1:2:3,1:2:3);
4) d=a+b(2,:)
5)
w=[zeros(1,3) ones(3,1
)’
3:5
’
]
3
．
Give the answer of the sub-
arrays
2
< br>?
.
1
3
.
5
?
1
.
1
0
.
0
?
6
?
0
.
0
1
.
1
?
?
3
< br>.
4
6
.
6
2
.
8
?
a
r
r
a
1
y
?
?
?
2
.
1
0
< br>.
1
?
1
.
3
0
?
.
3
0
.
4
?
?
?
1
.
4
5
.
1
0
.
0
< br>1
.
1
?
?
0
.
0
1
) array1(3,:);
2)
array1(:,3);
3)
array1(1:2:3,[3 3 4])
4)
array1([1 1],:)
1
4
．
Give the answer of the following
operations
?
2
a
?
?
?
?
1
?
2
?
?
1
,
< br>b
?
?
2
?
?
?
0
?
?
1
?
?
1
?
?
?
,
d
?
?
,
c
2
?
< br>2
?
?
?
)
e
y
(
e
2
1) a+b
2) a*d
3)
a.*d
4) a*c
5)
a.*c
6)ab
7)
a.b
8)a.^b
EXERCISE II:
TEXT BOOK (4
TH
EDITION) PAGE 17-18:
1.1, 1.4, 1.7
2
MATLAB
实验二
一、实验目的：
1. Be
familiar with array and matrix
2. Be
familiar with MATLAB operations and simple plot
function
PART
I:
下列选择练习，不需提交实验报告
1
．
Edit & Run the
m-file
% test step response function
wn=6;
kosi=[0.1:0.1:1.0 2];
figure(1);
hold
on
for kos=kosi
num=wn^2;
den=[1,2*kos*wn,wn.^2]; step(num,den)
end
hold off;
2
．
Edit & Run the
m-file
% test plot function
x=0:pi/20:3*pi;
y1=sin(x);
y2=2*cos(2*x);
plot(x,y1,'rv:',x,y2,'bo--');
title('Plot
the
Line of y=sin(2x) and its derivative');
xlabel('X
axis');
ylabel('Y
legend('f(x)','d/dx f(x)');
grid on;
3
．
Edit & Run the m-file
% test subplot
and loglog function
x=0:0.1:10;
y=x.^2-10.*x+26;
subplot(2,2,1);
plot(x,y);
grid
on;
subplot(2,2,2);
semilogx(x,y);
grid on;
subplot(2,2,3);
semilogy(x,y);
grid on;
subplot(2,2,4);
loglog(x,y);
grid on;
4
．
Edit & Run the
m-file
% test max and plot
function
volts=120;
rs=50;
rl=1:0.1:100;
amps=volts./(rs+rl);
pl=(amps.^2).*rl;
[maxvol,index]=max(pl);
plot(rl,pl,rl(index),pl(index),'rh');
grid on;
PART
II:
下列选择练习，需提交实验报告
EXERCISE II:
TEXT BOOK (4
TH
EDITION) PAGE 69-73:
2.9
, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14
，
2.17 , 2.18
3
axis');
MATLAB
实验三
一、实验目的：
1.
Learn to design branch
statements program
2.
Be familiar with relational
and logical operators
3.
Practice 2D plotting
二、实验内容：
PART I:
(
选择练习，不需提交实验报告
)
1. Hold command exercise
?
x=-pi:pi/20:pi;
?
y1=sin(x);
y2=cos(x);
plot(x,y1, 'b-');
hold on;
?
plot(x,y2, 'k--');
hold off;
?
legend ('sinx', 'cosx')
2.
Figure command exercise
figure(1);
subplot(2,1,1);
x=-pi:pi/20:pi;
y=sin(x);
plot(x,y);
grid
on;
title('Subplot 1 Title');
subplot(2,1,2);
x=-pi:pi/20:pi;
y=cos(x);
plot(x,y); grid on;
title('Subplot 2 Title');
3
．
Polar Plots exercise
g=0.5;
theta=0:pi/20:2*pi;
gain=2*g*(1+cos(theta));
polar(theta,gain,'r-');
title('fontsize{20} bfGain versus angle
theta');
4.
Assume that a,b,c, and d are defined, and evaluate
the following expression.
a=20; b=-2;
c=0; d=1;
(1) a>b; (2) b>d; (3)
a>b&c>d; (4) a==b;
(5)
a&b>c; 6) ~~b;
a=2;
b=[1
–
2;-0 10];
c=[0 1;2 0];
d=[-2 1 2;0 1 0];
(7)
~(a>b)
(8)
a>c&b>c
(9)
c<=d
a=2;
b=3;
c=10;
d=0;
(10) a*b^2>a*c
(11) d|b>a
(12)
(d|b)>a
a=20;
b=-
2;
c=0;
d=’Test’;
(13)
isinf(a/b)
(14) isinf(a/c)
(15)
a>b&ischar(d)
(16) isempty(c)
1
, where x is a number <1.
1
?
x
5.
Write a Matlab program to
solve the function
y
(
< br>x
)
?
ln
4
Use an if structure to
verify that the value passed to the program is
legal. If the value of x is legal,
caculate y(x). If not ,write a suitable
error message and quit.
PART
II:
(
需提交实验报告
)
1. Write out m.
file and plot the figures with grids
Assume that the complex function f(t)
is defined by the equation
f(t)=(0.5-0.25i)t-1.0
Plot
the amplitude and phase of function for
0
?
t
?
4
.
2. Write the Matlab
statements required to calculate y(t) from the
equation
?
?
3
t
2
?
5
t
?
0
y
(
t
)
?
?
2
?
5<
/p>
3
t
t
?
0
?
for
value
of
t
between
–
9
and
9
in
steps
of
0.5.
Use
loops
and
branches
to
perform
this
calculation.
EXERCISE II:
TEXT BOOK
(4
TH
EDITION) PAGE 121-124:
3.1
，
3.3 ,
3.5,
3.6,
3.7,
3.11,
3.14
5
MATLAB
实验四
一、实验目的：
1.
Learn to design loop
statements program
2.
Be familiar with relational
and logical operators
3.
Practice 2D plotting
二、实验内容：
PART I:
(
选择练习，不需提交实验报告
)
4.
Compare the 3
approaches follows (Loops and Vectorization)
%A. Perform calculation by For Loop
with pre-initialize array
tic;
?
square=zeros(1,10000)
%pre-initialize array
?
for ii=1:10000
?
square(ii)=ii^2;
?
square_root(ii)=ii^(1/2);
?
cube_root(ii)=ii^(1/3);
?
end
?
toc;
t1=toc
%B. Perform
calculation by For Loop without
pre-initialize array
?
tic;
?
for
ii=1:10000
?
square(ii)=ii^2;
?
square_root(ii)=ii^(1/2);
?
cube_root(ii)=ii^(1/3);
?
end
?
toc;
t2=toc
%C. Perform calculation with vectors
?
tic;
ii=1:10000
?
square(ii)=ii.^2;
square_root(ii)=ii.^(1/2);
cube_root(ii)=ii.^(1/3);
?
end
?
toc;
?
t3=toc
EXERCISE
II:
TEXT BOOK
(4
TH
EDITION) PAGE 165-171:
4.7
，
4.16
，
4.18
，
4.19
，
4.20
，
6
4.27
MATLAB
实验五
一、实验目的：
1.
Learn to
write MATLAB functions
2.
Be familiar with complex data and
character data
3.
Practice 2D plotting
二、实验内容：
1. Write three Matlab functions to
calculate the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and
tangent functions:
e
< br>x
?
e
?
x
s
i
n
h
(
2
e
x
?
e
?
x
)
,
c
< br>o
s
h
(
2
e
x
?
e
?
x
h
)
?
,
t
x
a
n
?
x
(
e
?
< br>e
)
then
plot
the
shapes
of
hyperbolic
sine,
cosine,
and
tangent
functions
on
one
figure,
?
5
?
x
?
5
.
2.
Write a program use the function
f
(
x
)
?
x
3
?
5
x
2
?
5
x
?
2
and plot the line,
and search for the minimum and maximum
in 200 steps over the range of
?
1
?
x
?
3
,
mark
the minimum and maximum on the line
figure.
3.
Write
a
function
to
calculate
the
distance
between
two
points
(
x
1
,
y
1
)
and
(
x
2
,
y
2
)
,
that
the
points
should be given by
‘
input
’
function.
4.
Write
a
function
complex_to
that
accept
a
complex
number
var
,
and
returns
two
output
arguments containing
the magnitude
mag
and angle
theta
of the complex number.
The output
angle should be in degrees.
Write another function
polar_to_complex
that
accepts two input arguments containing the
magnitude
mag
and
angle
theta
of the complex
number in degrees, and returns the complex
number
var
.
4.
Write a
program that accepts a series of strings from a
user with the input function, sorts
the
strings into ascending order, and prints them out.
EXERCISE II:
TEXT BOOK (4
TH
EDITION) PAGE
213-223
：
5.10
，
5.11
，
5.19
，
5.25
，
5.26
，
5.33
7
MATLAB
实验六
一、实验目的：
1.
Learn to write MATLAB
functions
2.
Be
familiar with complex data and character data
5.
Practice 2D
plotting
二、实验内容：
1. Write three Matlab
functions to calculate the hyperbolic sine,
cosine, and
tangent functions:
e
< br>x
?
e
?
x
s
i
n
h
(
2
e
x
?
e
?
x
)
,
c
< br>o
s
h
(
2
e
x
?
e
?
x
h
)
?
,
t
x
a
n
?
x
(
e
?
< br>e
)
then
plot
the
shapes
of
hyperbolic
sine,
cosine,
and
tangent
functions
on
one
figure,
?
5
?
x
?
5
.
2.
Write a program use the function
f
(
x
)
?
x
3
?
5
x
2
?
5
x
?
2
and plot the line,
and search for the minimum and maximum
in 200 steps over the range of
?
1
?
x
?
3
,
mark
the minimum and maximum on the line
figure.
3.
Write
a
function
to
calculate
the
distance
between
two
points
(
x
1
,
y
1
)
and
(
x
2
,
y
2
)
,
that
the
points
should be given by
‘
input
’
function.
4.
Write
a
function
complex_to
that
accept
a
complex
number
var
,
and
returns
two
output
arguments containing
the magnitude
mag
and angle
theta
of the complex number.
The output
angle should be in degrees.
Write another function
polar_to_complex
that
accepts two input arguments containing the
magnitude
mag
and
angle
theta
of the complex
number in degrees, and returns the complex
number
var
.
5.
Write a
program that accepts a series of strings from a
user with the input function, sorts the
strings into ascending order, and
prints them out.
EXERCISE II:
TEXT BOOK
(4
TH
EDITION) PAGE 265-267:
6.2
，
6.10
，
6.11
8
MATLAB
实验七
一、实验目的：
1.
Practice 2D plotting and 3D plotting
2.
Learn to use fplot function
3. Be
familiar with cell arrays and structure
arrays
二、实验内容：
1.
Give
the
3D
plot
figure
of
x
(
t
)
?
e
?
0.3
t
sin(3
t
)
,
y
(
t
)
?
e
?
0.1
t
cos
(
t
)
use
plot3
function,
0
?
x
?
20
, and
grid on, linewidth is 3.0.
2. Plot the function
y
?
e
?
x
< br>sin
x
,
0
?
x
?
2
, step 0.1. Create the following plot types: (a) stem
plot;
(b)
stair plot;
(c) bar plot;
(d) compass plot.
3. Plot the
function
f
(
x
)
?
1/
x
over the range
0.1
?
x
?
10.0
using
function fplot, and
grid on.
4.
Create a cell arrays:
5. Create a structure
arrays and to calculate the mean billing of three
patients:
9
MATLAB
实验八
一、实验目的：
Be familiar with Input/Output
functions
二、实验内容：
1.
Write
a
m-file.
The
m-file
creates
an
array
containing
1
?
50
random
values,
sorts
the
array
into
ascending
order,
opens
a
user-specified
file
for
writing
only,
then
writes
the
array to disk in 32-bit floating-point
format , and close the file. It then opens the
file and
read the data back into
5
?
10
array.
2.
Edit
a
file
as
data4_
that
contains
4
?
4
square
matrix,
then
import
the
array
use
uiimport
function, and
calculate the inverse of the square matrix .
3.
Write a
program to read a set of integers from an input
data file, and locate the largest and
smallest values within the data file.
Print out the largest and smallest values,
together with
the lines on which they
were found in one figure.
10
MATLAB
实验九
一、实验目的：
1.
Be familiar
with sound file
2.
Learn about create sound and use
speaker.
3.
Making Music with MATLAB
二、实验内容：
Before
we
actually
start
making
music,
let's
revise
a
few
AC
waveform
basics.
Consider
the
sine
wave
shown in the figure below:
The sine wave shown here can be
described mathematically as:
v = A
sin
2
?
f t
where A is
the Amplitude (varying units), f is the frequency
(Hertz) and t is the time (seconds).
T
is known as the time period (seconds) and T=1/f
Based on the equation,
when
t=0; v = A
sin
2
?
f(0) = 0
when
t=T/4; v = A
sin
2
?
f (T/4) = A
sin
2
?
f(1/4f) = A
sin
(
?????????
when
t=T/2; v = A
sin
2
?
f (T/2) = A
sin
2
?
f(1/2f) = A
sin
(
???????
and so
on.
Sound waves are created
when a waveform as shown here is used to vibrate
molecules in a material medium
at audio
frequencies (300 Hz <= f <= 3 kHz).
If
you wish to create a waveform such as the one
shown in the figure, you would need to evaluate
the function,
v = A
sin
2
?
f t, at discrete times, t
(shown as the time instants of the red dots),
typically at equal time intervals.
These time intervals must be
to obtain a
This time
interval is called the
specifying it
only at discrete points in time is called
sampling. (you should already know much of this
stuff from
the previous Clinic on Data
Acquisition Basics).
11
The sampling interval, shown here is
T
s
; corresponding to that
there exists a
s
.
As an example, the MATLAB code to
create a sine wave of amplitude A = 1, at audio
frequency of 466.16
Hz (corresponds to
A# in the Equal Tempered Chromatic Scale) would
be:
>>
v =
sin(2*pi*466.16*[0:0.000125:1.0]);
The vector,
v
,
now contains samples of the sine wave, starting at
t=0 s, to t=1.0 s, in samples spaced 0.000125 s
apart (the sampling interval
T
s
). This corresponds to a
sampling frequency of 8 KHz, which is standard for
voice
grade audio channel.
Now, you can either plot this sine
wave; or you can hear it!!!
To plot,
simply do
>>
plot(v);
To hear
v
, you need to convert the
data contained in
v
to some
standard audio format that can be played using a
Sound
Card
and
Speakers
on
your
PC.
One
such
standard
audio
format
is
called
the
format.
Matlab
provides
a
function
called
wavwrite
to
convert
a
vector
into
wav
format
and
save
it
on
disk.
Do
>>
help
wavwrite
for more details.
Now, to create a wav file, do
>>
wavwrite(v, '')
;
(you can give any file name between the
' ' s)
Now, you can
the
Sound Recorder
program.
Start
this
by
pointing
to
Start
-
Programs
-
Accessories
-
Multimedia
-
Sound
Recorder. Open the wav
file using the File Menu and press Play. If you
have installed a sound card and a pair of
speakers on your PC, you should be able
to hear a short note.
Now that you can
make a single note, you can put notes together and
make music!!!
Let's look at the
following piece of music:
A A E E F# F#
E E
D D C#C# B B A A
E E D D
C# C# B B (repeat once)
(repeat first
two lines once)
The American Standard
Pitch for each of this notes is:
A:
440.00 Hz
B: 493.88 Hz
C#:
554.37 Hz
D: 587.33 Hz
E:
659.26 Hz
F#: 739.99 Hz
Assuming each note lasts for 0.5
seconds, the MA
TLAB m-file for creating
a wav file for this piece of music
would be:
clear;
a=sin(2*pi*440*(0:0.000125:0.5));
b=sin(2*pi*493.88*(0:0.000125:0.5
));
cs=sin(2*pi*554.37*(0:0.
000125:0.5));
d=sin(2*pi*587
.33*(0:0.000125:0.5));
e=sin
(2*pi*659.26*(0:0.000125:0.5));
fs=sin(2*pi*739.99*(0:0.000125:0.5));
line1=[a,a,e,e,fs,fs,e,e,];
line2=[d,d,cs,cs,b,b,a,a,];
line3=[e,e,d,d,cs,cs,b,b];
<
/p>
song=[line1,line2,line3,line3,line1,line
2];
wavwrite(song,'');
12
HINT
:
Before
you
code
the
entire
song,
just
code
the
first
line,
create
a
wav
file,
play
it
and
make
sure
everything works.
MATLAB
实验十
-
十六
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