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英美文学背诵精华篇

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2021-03-02 13:51
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2021年3月2日发(作者:mystery是什么意思)



Name/CN Name


Writer's Features


Writings / CN Writings


Writing's Features


English Literature


The Renaissance Period



1. age: 1500-1660


2. background: stimulated by the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek classic; England's Golden Age, especially in literature; the Church of England broke away


from the Catholic Church


3. features:



(1)New poetical forms introduced, e.g. blank verse and sonnet;


(2) the English drama based itself on the models of Roman and Greek classics and the precedents from Italy and Spain


(3)the universal tend of humanism in emphasizing man's dignity and his worldly happiness


William Shakespeare


The greatest playwright and the most popular sonnet writer; a


Sonnets


1. 154 poems; English form


威廉


.

< p>
莎士比亞



creation of characters; skillful plot construction; irony; a good use


十四行詩



2. The traditional theme of the play is to praise the


of a language; skilled in various poetic forms; of three quatrains


The Merchant of V


enice


friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to


and a couplet(


三节四行诗加一节偶句


); national unity under a


威尼斯商人



idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and


mighty and just sovereign is a necessity


—“The King?s government


Hamlet


loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and


must be carried on” (


在一个强大英明 的君主统治下的国家,


统一


哈姆雷特



brutality of the Jew. Many people today tend to


是非常必要的


)



(Venus and Adonis


维纳斯和安


regard the play as a satire of the Christians'


(Each hero has his weekness of nature: Hamlet, the melancholic


东尼斯


; The Rape of Lucrece



hypocrisy and their false standards of friendship and


scholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind;


克丽斯受辱记


;romantic


love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and


Othello?s inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force;


tragicomedies


浪漫悲喜


their unreasoning prejudice against Jews (Shylock).



the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power



;Romeo and Juliet;


3. A man of contemplation rather than action; has the


makes himself suffer from treac


hery and infidelity; and Macbeth?s


Shakespeare's greatest tragedies


qualities of a “blood


-and-


thunder” thrill


er and a


lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant


are : Hamlet, Othello, King Lear,


philosophical exploration of life and death


crimes.)


and Macbeth)



literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth,


and should reflect nature and reality


John Milton


A versatile writer; fight for freedom in all aspects as a Christian


Paradise Lost


Satan, after being defeated in his rebel against God,


約翰


.


彌爾頓



humanist


失樂園



tempts Adam and Eve to eat the apples from the


Forbidden Tree, and causes the Fall of Man


The Neoclassical Period





1



1. age: 1660-1798


2. background: The English society of the neoclassical period was a turbulent one. Fast development of England as a nation; the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of


Reason


3. features:



(1)a furtherance of the Renaissance



the Enlightenment Movement, advocated universal education


(2)reason,


(3)reviving the interest in old classical works (neoclassicism)


(4)keep to order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy


(5)had specific rules for almost every genre of literature


Daniel Defoe



A very good story-teller; his sentences are sometimes short, crisp


Robinson Crusoe


Adventure on a deserted island; depicts a hero grows


丹尼爾


.


笛弗



and plain, and sometimes long and rambling, which leave on the


鲁宾逊漂流记



from an inexperienced youth onto a shrewd and


reader an impression of casual narration


hardened man; a song of courage, wisdom, struggle


Smootheasycolloquialmostly vernacular


against the hostile natural environment


Jonathan Swift


Is almost unsurpassed in the writing of simple, direct, precise


Gulliver



s Travels


Four places: Lilliput, Brobdingnag, the flying island;


喬納森


.


斯威特



prose; “proper words in proper places”



格列佛遊記



Houyhnhnm


Clearsimpleconcrete dictionuncomplicated sentence


structureeconomy and conciseness of language


Henry Fielding


First of all the 18th century English novelist to write the


Tom Jones



亨利


.


菲爾丁



epic in prose


湯姆


.< /p>





style; use the third-person narration;



Father of the English


Novel


”; “the just copies of human manners”



Easyunlabouredfamiliarextremely vivid and vigorous logic and


rhythm


The Romantic Period




1. age: 1798-1870


2. background: coming along with the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution


3. features:


(1)contrary with the neoclassicism: emphasize that man have in common, focuses on the special qualities of individual mind


(2)tend to probe into the inner world of the human spirit rather narrate daily happenings of the human world


(3)employ rural scenery, legendary and mythological, stories of ancient times, figures from country and Orientals


(4)produce a number of great poets, the Romantic period is an age of poetry



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