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纺织英语第三版课文翻译-Cotton Properties and Uses

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2021-03-02 13:51
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2021年3月2日发(作者:cooties)






Lesson Two


第二课







Cotton Properties and Uses


棉纤维的特性和用途











A relatively high level of moisture absorption and good wicking properties help make


cotton one of the more comfortable fibers. Because of the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose, cotton


has


a


high


attraction


for


water.


As


water


enters


the


fiber,


cotton


swells


and


its


cross


section


becomes


more


rounded. The


high


affinity


for


moisture


and


the


ability


to


swell


when


wet


allow


cotton


to


absorb


about


one-fourth


of


its


weight


in


water.


This


means


that


in


hot


weather


perspiration from the body will be absorbed in cotton fabrics, transported along the yarns to the


outer surface of the cloth and evaporated into the air. Thus, the body will be aided in maintaining


its temperature.


吸湿性和良好的吸湿排汗性能使棉纤维的一个更舒适的一个 比较高的水平。


因为在纤维素的


羟基基团,棉花对水有很强的吸 引力。当水进入纤维棉,膨胀,其截面变得更圆。水分和膨


胀时湿让棉花吸收水的重量约 四分之一的高亲和力的能力。


这意味着,


在炎热的天气里,



体的汗会吸收棉织品,沿运纱布的外表面和蒸发到空气中。因此, 身体会帮助维持其温度。










Unfortunately,


the


hydrophilic


nature


of


cotton


makes


it


susceptible


to


water-borne


stains. Water- soluble colorants such as those in coffee or grape juice will penetrate the fiber along


with the water; when the water evaporates, the colorant is trapped in the fiber. Perhaps the major


disadvantage to cotton goods is their tendency to wrinkle and the difficulty of removing wrinkles.


The rigidity of cotton fiber


reduces the ability of


yarns


to resist wrinkling. When the fibers are


bent


to


a


new


configuration,


the


hydrogen


bonds


which


hold


the


cellulose


chains


together


are


ruptured and the molecules slide in order to minimize the stress within the fiber. The hydrogen


bonds reform in the new positions, so that when the crushing force is removed the fibers stay in


the new positions. It is the rupture and reformation of the hydrogen bonds that helps to maintain


wrinkles, so that cotton goods must be ironed.


不幸的是,


棉花的亲水性使得它容易受到水渍 。


如在咖啡或葡萄汁的水溶性色素会渗入纤维


随着水;当水分蒸 发,着色剂是困在纤维。也许主要的缺点,棉织品是他们的倾向,皱纹和


去除皱纹的困难 。


棉纤维的刚度降低纱线抗起皱能力。


当纤维弯曲的一种新的配 置,


氢债券


持有的纤维素链在一起破裂和分子滑动以减少纤维中 的应力。


在新的位置的氢键的改革,



以当破碎力去除纤维保持在新的位置。


这是氢键,


有助于保持皱 纹的断裂和改革,


使棉织品


要熨。









Cotton is a moderately strong fiber with good abrasion resistance and good dimensional


stability. It is resistant to the acids, alkalies, and organic solvents normally available to consumers.


But


since


it


is


a


natural


material,


it


is


subject


to


attack


by


insects,


molds


and


fungus.


Most


prominent is the tendency for cotton to mildew if allowed to remain damp.


棉花是具有 良好的耐磨性和尺寸稳定性好,中等强度的纤维。这是抵抗酸,碱和有机溶剂,


通常提供 给消费者。


但由于它是一种天然物质,它是受攻击的昆虫,霉菌和真菌。


最突出的


是棉花霉烂的倾向,如果允许存在潮湿。



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