-
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to
your parents?
Section A
1. Why don't you do sth. ?= Why not do
sth.?
为什么不
......
呢
?
提建议的句型
(1) What about doing sth. ?=How about
doing
sth.?
….
怎么样?
(2) Why don’t you
do sth.?=
Why not do sth.?
为什么不呢?
(3) Let’s
do sth.
让我们一起做某事吧。
(4)
Shall we/I do sth.?
我们做
…
好吗?
(5) had better
do/not do sth.
最好做
/
不做某事
(6) Will/Would you
please do sth.
请你做
…
好吗?
(7) Would you like to
do sth.?
你想去做某事吗?
(8) Would you mind doing
sth.
?你介意做某事吗?
【回答】
(1).
同意对方的建议时,一般用
Good idea. / That’s good
idea.
好主意
OK/
All right. / Great.
好
/
行
/
太好了
Yes, please. /
I’d love to.
是的
/
我愿意
I agree with
you.
我同意你的看法
No problem.
没问题
Sure./ Of course./
Certainly.
当然可以
Yes, I think so.
对,我也这样想
(2).
对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时,一般用:
I don’t think so.
我认为不是这样
S
orry, I can’t.
对不起,我不能
I’d love to,
but…
我愿意,但恐怕
……
I’m afraid…
恐怕
……
2.(1)too many +
复数名词
许多
too many people
(2)too much
+
不可数名词
许多
too much homework
(3)much too
+
形容词
太
…
much too cold
3. so
conj
.
因此
(
表示因果关系,后面跟表示结果的
句子,不与
because
同时使用)
v.
允许;准许
(1) allow
doing sth
允许做某事
We
don
’
t allow smoking in our
house.
我们不允许在家里抽烟。
(2)allow sb.
(
not<
/p>
)
to do sth. (
不
)
允许某人做某事
My parents don’t allow me
to stay up late.
我父母不允许我熬夜。
Mr. Smith allowed Mike to
drive there.
史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。
(3)be allowed to do sth.
被允许做某事
(4)allow
p>
与
let
的辨析:
allow
指允许,表示默许,听任
,不加阻止
let
指让,
let sb. do sth.
让某人做某事,语意较弱,多用于口语中,
let
不能用于被
动语态。
5.
What’s wrong(
with sb../ sth.)
(某人
/
物)
怎么了?
to sleep
去睡觉
(
强
调
“
入睡,睡着
”
这一动作)
fall asleep
睡觉
(
强调
“
入睡,睡着
”
这一状态)
看起来
(系动词,后跟形容词作宾语)
系动词:后跟
adj.
作表语
一是:
(
be
)
am /is /are
be
quiet=keep quiet
保持安静
二保持:
stay/keep
(表示持续状态)
stay
healthy=keep healthy
保持健康
三变化:
become/get/turn
(表示状态变化)
五起来:
sound/look/smell/taste/feel
(表示感觉)
8. call up (v +
adv)
call on
拜访;号召
9. find sb.. doing sth.
发现某人正在做某事
Mr. Wang found Li Dong
reading a storybook in the class.
类似动词:
hear
,
watch, see, feel
through
浏览
翻阅
仔细看
look for
寻找
look after=take care
of
照看
look like
看起来像
look the
same
看起来一样
look over
检查
,
复习
look through
温习
,
检查
look out
小心
,
从里向外看
look up
向上看
,
查单词
look around
环视
look forward to
期望
adj.
生气的
→ angrily
adv.
生气地
(1)be angry with sb.. =be mad at sb.. <
/p>
对某人生气【
with
后接人】
(2)be angry at/about
sth.
对某事感到生气
【
at
后接事】
(3)be angry to do sth.
做某事感到生气
My father was very ________
__(
对
……
生气
)his computer.
He hit the computer
_______(angry)
gh= though
尽管
,
用来引导让步状语从句。
though / although
不能与
but
连用
althoug
h/however
辨析
(1)although
conj
虽然;即使;纵然,引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。
Although he is very old, yet he is
quite
strong.
他虽然年纪大了,但身体还很健壮。
(2) however
adv
然而
尽管如此
插入语,起连词作用,一般用逗号与句子分开,可放在句首或句中
It’s raining hard, however, I think we
should go out.
雨下的很大,尽管如此,我认为我们还应该出去。
deal
表示重要的事情或状况,多用于非正式交流。
否定
:
It’s not a big
deal
=
It’s no big
deal.
没有什么了不起
;
没什么大不了;不是什么大事(常用于口语中)
It’s a big
deal.
这事挺重要的。
What's the big deal?
有什么了不起的?
14..hope v
希望
(1)hope to do
sth.
I hope to visit Guilin.
(2) hope + that
从句
(表示希望)
I hope that you’ll be better
soon
(3)wish v
希望
wish to do sth.
I wish to visit
Guilin.
wish
sb..to do sth.
希望某人做某事
I wish you to go.
wish +that
从句
表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气
I wish I were you.
15.
work out
解决;成功地发展,后跟
fine,well,
badly
等词,表明产生的结果如何。
(1)
计算出(答案、数量、价格等)
The math problem is too difficult for
me to work out
(2)
制定出(计划等)
p>
,
设计出
I
have worked out a new way of doing it.
(3)
解决;找出
…
的答案
The government has
many problems to work out.
(4)work for
为
……
做事,为
……
尽力,被
……
雇佣者
16. get on with sb.
=get along with sb.
和某人和睦相处;和某人关系良好
get
on well/ badly with
相处的好
/
坏
get
on=get along
进展,进步
How are you
getting on these days?
你近来生活如何?
v
争吵
→argument
n
争论
have an argument with
sb..
与某人辩论
(1)argue with
sb
与某人争吵
argue with sb about /over sth.
为某事与某人争吵
(2)argue
about sth.
争论某事
(3)argue against
争辩;反对
He argued
against the plan
(4) argue for
为
……
辩护
The lawyer
argues for the poor man.
18. hang over
挂在
......
之上;
悬浮在
......
之上
(1)hang out
闲逛;常去某处
He likes reading and he
often hangs out in the bookshop.
(2)
hang on to
紧紧抓住
You’d better hang on to me in the
crowd.
(3) hang up
挂电话;悬挂
After she finished her conversation
/older
elder
adj.
年纪较长的
His elder brother is ill.
(1)elder
表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系,
表示
“
前辈的
”
、
“
年纪较长的
”
,仅用于同一家庭成员的比
较
;older
则不限于此。
older
泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系,是
o
ld
的比较级形式。
My younger son is five and
my elder son is nine
。我的小儿子
5<
/p>
岁,大儿子
9
岁。
Tom is two years older than
I.
汤姆比我年长两岁。
(2)elder
在句中只用作定语,不作表语;
older
两者皆可。
My elder sister does her
homework all by herself.
我的姐姐独自做作业。
His elder son
got married last week.
他的长子是上星期结婚的。
I think his
mother is older.
我认为他的母亲年龄大引起。
<
/p>
(3)elder
只能用来指人;
old
er
既可修饰人,也可修饰物。
My elder brother joined the
army when he was only fifteen.
我哥年仅
15
就参了军。
This dog is
older than any other dogs
here.
这条狗在这里是最老的一条。
I
have a sister older than
myself.
我有位比我大的姐姐。
nice to sb..
对某人友好
be friendly to sb..
be good to sb..
=say no to
v
拒绝
refuse to do
sth.
拒绝去做某事
22. instead
代替,反而,却
(1)
instead
adv
代替,句首或句尾
,
表示前面的事情没做,而做了后面的事情。
Lee
was ill so I went
instead.
李病了,所以我去了。
Instead he watches whatever he wants
until late at night.
(2) instead of
代替
而不是,是介词短语
后接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式
,
放在句中
Instead of going to Qingdao
I’m
going to Dalian this
year.
今年我打算去大连,而不去青岛。
She wrote to
him instead of calling him. =She didn’t call him.
She wrote to him instead.
她没有给他打电话,而是给他写了封信。
23. whatever
pron.
任何;无论什么
= no matter what
Whatever I suggest, he always
disagrees.
无论我提什么建议,他都不同意。
(1) whatever
作连接代词或连接副词引导让步状语
从句,无论,不管
此时
=no
matter what,
位置前后置都可。
(2)whatever
还可引导名词性从句,同时起先行词和关系代词的作用
=anything
that
或
all
that
,有任何一切这
类意思。此时不能用
no
matter what
替换。
(3)no matter+
疑问词结构与疑问词
+ever
在用法上的区别
no
matter+
疑问词结构
,
只能引导
让步状语从句
=
疑问词
+ever
疑问词
+ever
还可引导名词性从句
No matter where
he may be
(
=Wherever he may
be
)
, he will be happy.
(4)
时态
由
no matter what/who/where/wh
en…
引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。
No matter who
you are, you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁,都应该遵守规则。
24. offer
v.
主动提出;自愿给予
侧重主动或愿意给予,主动提出做某事
(1) offer to do sth.
主动提出做某事
(2)offer
sb.. sth.= offer sth. to sb..
主动提供给某人某物
She offered me a cup of
tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
He offered to go instead of
me.
他主动提出代替我去。
ly
adv.
第二;其次
icate
v
交流
沟通
communication n
交流;沟通
communicate with sb..
和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.
27. explain
v
解释;说明
→
explanation n
解释;说明
(1) explain sth. to sb..
向某人解释某事。
(2) explain to sb.
sth.
给某人解释某事
(3) explain + that / what/ why
等从句
Can you explain what this
means?
你能解释一下这个的意思吗?
Please explain it to me.
请你向我解释一下吧。
28. be worried about sth..
担心某事
worry v
担心
→ worried adj.
焦急的
worry about = be worried
about
为
……
担心
v
(1)
归还
=give back
return ... to ... = give back to ...
p>
把
......
还给
......
(2)
回来;返回
= come back
30. be afraid
of sth/sb
害怕某人
/<
/p>
某物
be afraid of doing sth
害怕做某事,侧重主语
“
担心、害怕
”
某事发生
be
afraid to do sth
侧重于
“
不敢做某事
”
be afraid
that---
从句
害怕,多用于客气地提出个人意见或看法
Section B
1.
press v
按;压
→pressure
压力
(1)
不可数名词
(物理学)压力
air pressure
气压
blood pressure
血压
(2)
不可数名词
还可指精神上、外界施加的压力
=
stress
under pressure
在压力下
2. compete v
竞争;对抗
→
competition
n
竞争
(1)compete
with sb.
和某人竞争
(2)compete against/ with
与
……
竞争
(3)compete for
为
…
…
参加比赛
We are
ready for the coming ___________(compete).
e =make ... better
改进
→improvement
n
提高
4. opinion n
意见;想法;看法
(1)
in one’s
opinion
以某人的观点;在某人看来
(2)give
opinions about sth.
给出关于某事的观点
5.
some time
/sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】分开是一段,合起是某时;分开
s
< br>是倍次,合起
s
是有时
(1) some
time
一段时间,做时间状语
It takes sb. some time to
do sth.
做某事花费某人多长时间
(2) sometime adv
在某个时候,
(3) some
times
名词词组,几次,几倍
Mr.
Green went to Sanya some times last summer.
(4)sometimes=at times
有时
(一般现在时的标志词)
pron.
其他的人或事物
There are other ways of
doing it.
做这事还有其他的办法。