商务学概论CHAPTER NINE

Keuka College

Bachelor of Science in Management

Homework Written Assignment.

Student name:

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CHAPTER NINE

1.

From a marketing management perspective, what is the

meaning of a total product offer? What are the important

elements in the total product offer of your college or

university?

(1)

T

otal Product Offer --

Everything consumers evaluate when deciding whether to

buy something.

(2)

P

roducts are evaluated on many different dimensions, both tangible and

intangible.

(3)

M

arketers must think like a

nd talk to consumers to find out what’s important.

(4)

F

or example, in school teaching equipment tender on the tuition fees on student

enrollment

2.

Consumer goods and services are generally classified into four

specific categories. What are the four categories, and how do

they differ? Illustrate by giving

examples of products that are

often included in each category.

(1)

①

Four categories:

Manufacturers’ Brands –

Brand names of manufacturers

that distribute products nationally.

Eg: Xerox, Kodak, Sony and Chevrolet.

②

Dealer (Private-Label) Brands --

Products that carry a retailer’s or

distributor’s brand name instead of a manufacturer’s

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Eg: Kenmore and Diehard.

③

Generic Goods

--Non-branded products that sell at a discount compared to

manufacturers’ or dealers’ brands.

Eg: Generic tissues, Generic cigarettes and Generic peaches.

④

Knockoff Brands

--Illegal copies of national brands.

Eg: Palo and Bolex.

3. Discuss the role of packaging in a firm's total product offer.

Answer: Packaging has always been an important aspect of the product

offer:

①

To attract buyers’ attention

②

Protect the goods inside and be tamperproof

③

Describe and provide information about the product

④

Explain the product’s benefits

⑤

Provide warranty information and warnings

⑥

Give an indication of price, value, and uses

is a brand? What is a brand name? What is meant by

brand equity?

Brand --

Name, symbol, or design that identifies the goods or services and

distinguishes them from competitors’ offerings.

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Brand name

–

part of the brand consisting of a word,letter or group of words or

letters comprising a nme that differentiates a seller’s goods or services

from

those of competitors.

Brand Equity

–

The combination of factors (awareness, loyalty, perceived

quality, images, and emotions) that people associate with a brand name.

CHAPTER TEN

1.

Explain the differences between managerial and financial

accounting, and give examples of the types of problems and

issues examined by each of these areas of accounting.

Managerial accounting provides information and analysis to the managers inside

the organization and helps them make better informed decisions.

Managerial

accounting is concerned with measuring and reporting cost of production,

marketing, and other functions such as preparing budgets; making sure business

units stay within their budgets and designing strategies to minimize taxes.

Financial accounting differs from managerial accounting in that financial

accounting generates information for people primarily outside the organization.

2.

Discuss the role of an independent auditor. Provide

information about the types of accounting activities they

perform and the recent laws that have emerged to help guide

them as they do their job.

Idependent audit

—

An evaluation and unbiased opinion about the accuracy of a

company’s financial statements.

1.)Tax accounting is trained in tax law and is responsible for preparing ta

x

returns or developing tax governments often change tax policies

according to specific needs or objectives, the job of the tax accountant is

certainly challenging. The role of the tax accountant becomes increasingly

important to the organization or entrepreneur.

2.)Government and not-for-profit accounting involves working for organizations

whose purpose is not generating a profit but serving ratepayers,taxpayers, and

others according to a duly approved ments require an accounting

systern that satisfies the needs of theirinformation users .

Not-for-profit organizations also require accounting professionals.

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3.

Describe each of the six parts of the accounting cycle.

Answer: (1) Analyzing and categorizing documents ( like sales slips, travel

records).

(2) Putting the information into journals.

(3) Transfer that journal entries into ledgers.

(4) Take a trial balance.

(5) Prepare the financial statements, including a balance sheet, income

statement and statement of cash flows.

(6) Analyzes the statements and evaluates the financial condition of

the firm.

4.

What is the difference between a journal and a ledger? How

are journals and ledgers incorporated into the accounting

cycle?

Journal -

Bookkeepe

rs divide a firm’s transactions into meaningful categories

and post them into a record book or computer program

Ledger -- A specialized accounting book or program where all information is in

one place

.

In the accounting cycle, the third step is transfer that journal entries into

ledgers, so the journals and ledgers can incorporated into the accounting

cycle.

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