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英
3
Unit 8 Leisure, Work and Animals
休闲活动与宠物
---
Looking at leisure activities and animals as pets
or
for work
学习有关休闲活动及宠物与人的关系的内容
学习目标
1.
表示数量
a large
proportion of…
很大比例的
a small proportion of…
很小比例的
the
majority of…
多数的
a
minority of…
少数的
half the…
一半的
a
third of…
三分之一的
a quarter
of…
四分之一的
over…
多于
more
than…
under…
少于
less
than…
2.
spend time
doing
（
in
）
doing sth
spend
time/money
on sth
Jack spends under a third of his free
time doing
housework.
Jack
spends a large portion of his time sleeping.
3.
现在完成时和现在完成进行时
现
在
完
成
时
---
强调动作的结果，表示动作已经结束
现在完成进行时
---
强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，并
且还要继续下去
have /has +been doing
She
has sorted
out all the books and pictures.
（已经）
She’
s been reorganizing
the shop.
（一直）
Where
has
he
been livin
g?
Who
have
they
been working
for?
He
hasn’t been
working
here for very long.
注：状态动词可用于现在完成时，但不可用于现在完成进
行时
（
love, like,
hate, be, think
认为
/feel
/hear/want
）
I’
ve
always
liked
animals.
4.
for
和
since
表示时间
for +
时间段（
①从过去到现在②过去③将来的一段时间）
sinc
e +
时间点
（从过去某一时间点起到现在）
< br>（短语
/
句子）
Franco: I
lived
in Sicily
for
18 years. I
came to London
when I was 18. I’
ve
lived
in England now
for
almost 30
years.
He's been here
for
ten minutes.
He was here
for
ten minutes.
I’m staying in Beijing on
busines
s
for two
weeks
next
month.
I’ve been
living here
for
three months
/
since
last March.
Since
it started
raining, I’
ve stayed
in the
house.
注
: for
和
since
与
延续
性动词搭配
非延续性动词肯定式不可与其搭配
（否定式可以）
He
has come
here
for two days.
(
×
)
He
has been
here for two days.
(
√
)
She
hasn’t
come
here for two days.
(
√
)
I’
ve not seen
him
since last week.
5.
词语比较
/
习语
/
句型
/
答案
1.
used to do
过去常常做
…
be used to sth /doing
习惯于
…
2.
because of +
名词
because +
句子
3.
the number of
…
…
数字
/<
/p>
目（作主语时
,
谓语用单数）
a number
of
…
一些<
/p>
…
（作主语时
,
谓语用复数）
（
in
）
doing sth
4.
spend time /money
on sth
5.
compare A to B
把
A
与
B
相比
;
把
A
比作
B
compare A with B
把
A
与
B
相
比
6.
the
majority of…
多数的
a
minority of…
少数的
Actt.1
< br>业余活动
/
描述发展趋势
/
表达数量
p.126
After hours
7.
Government
figures (in a recent survey) show
that
…
8.
after hours
工
/
业余时间
9.
for an average
of three hours a day
平均每天三个小时
10.
in /during
the last /past 30 years
30
年来
/
在过去
30
年间
（常与完成时搭配）
In
the
last
more than 20 years
great changes
have taken
place
in China.
11.
because of +
名词
because +
句子
12.
washing machine
洗衣机
microwave =
microwave oven
微波炉
vacuum
cleaner
真空吸尘器
13.
etc =
etcetera
/it`set
r
?
/
等等
14.
the number
of
…
…
数字
/
目
（作
主语时
,
谓语用单数）
a number
of
…
一些<
/p>
…
（作主语时
,
谓语用复数）
15.
stereo
/ `st
i
?
ri
?
u/
立体声的→立体声唱机
16.
leasure
activity /time
休闲活动
/
时间
（
in
）
doing sth
17.
spend time
/money
on sth
18.
55-64 year-
olds = 55-64 year-old people
19.
compare A to B
把
A
与
B
相比
;
把
A
比作
B
compare A with B
把
A
与
B
相
比
20.
复习表示发展趋势
动词
This figure has
fallen
dramatically
The number of
TVs
…
has also
risen sharply
…
listening to tapes and
records
decreases
with age
gardening for pleasure
rises
sharply
名词
because of
the increase in
labour-
saving devices
KEY
1.
They
do
less
because
of
the
increase
in
labour-saving
devices.
2.
TVs, stereos, videos, CD and DVD
players, etc.
3.
More people watch TV
.
4.
Older people.
Animals at home
21.
range from
…
to
…
在一定范围
/
幅度内有所变化
22.
tropical fish
热带鱼
23.
changes (in
life style and the family
structure)
have made
24.
分数表示法
:
分子用基数词
,
分母用序数词
,
分子与分
母常用连字符（
< br>-
）连接
,
如果分子大于
1,
分母用复数
1/3
→
a /one third
2/3
→
two-thirds
3
2
/
5
→
three and two-fifths
一些习惯用法
:
?
→
a
/one half
?
→
a /one quarter // one-fourth
?
→
three-quarters
2 ?
→
two and a
quarter
1 ?
→
one and a half
7 ?
→
seven and three
quarters
较复杂的分数
:
23/9
→
twenty-
three over nine
76/92
→
seven-six over
ninety-two
25.
数量
表达方式
:
（
see
< br>学习目标
1
）
KEY
1.
Just under half of households have a
pet.
2.
Dogs
used
to
be
the
most
popular
pets.
/Cats
are
the
most popular pets.
3.
Cats need less care than dogs.
4.
Most dog
owners have
（
only
）
one dog.
5.
More than /Over a third of cat owners
have two or more
cats.
6.
More than
/Over half of dogs in the UK are pedigree.
Actt.2
表达数量
p.129
1.
A large proportion /The majority of
households
have a
microwave
oven.
2.
More
than half of managers have a dishwasher.
3.
Just
under
a
quarter
of
unskilled
workers’
households
have a dishwasher.
4.
The
majority
/
A
large
proportion
of
men
have
done
sport in the last week.
5.
A
minority
of
women
have
done
DIY
in
the
last
four
weeks.
Actt.3
表达数量
p.129
Part A
1.
Jack
spends
under
a
third
of
his
free
time
doing
housework.
2.
Jack
spends
a
small
proportion
of
his
free
time
seeing
friends.
3.
Jack spends a large proportion of his
time sleeping.
4.
Jack spends the majority of his free
time watching TV
.
5.
Jack spends
over a quarter of his free time studying.
Part B
写作
---
应用表达数量的词语描述时间安排
?
Actt. 4
Extt.1
分数表达
p.130
1.
What’s the ownership of video
recorders?
About four-fifths of households own a
video recorder.
2.
What’s the ownership of pets?
About half the households
own a pet.
3.
What’s the ownership of personal
computers?
Under a third of households
own a personal computer.
4.
What’s the ownership of microwave
ovens?
Over three-
quarters of households own a microwave
oven.
5.
What’s the ownership of dishwashers?
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