-
The Age of Reason
Neoclassicism
and the Rise of Novel
Features of Neoclassicism:
新古典主义
(the first
half of the 18th century)
?
inspired by the
spirit of
Enlightenment
—
reason
?
ancient classic
works were models of writing
?
representative
writers: Pope, Addison, Steele
?
new genres of
literature appeared to satisfy middle
class readers.
--- Periodicals
(
Tatler
Spectator
)
---
Novels about middle class by middle class for
middle
class
’
education
Daniel Defoe
1660 - 1731
Robinson Crusoe
1719
Crusoe
is
the
typical
representative
of
the
rising
capitalist
class
whose
sole
interest
is
to
expand and exploit.
Marx
On the Capital
Characterization:
representative of the English
bourgeoisie
at the earlier
stage of its
development
positive sides
of the rising middle class
1. love for
labor and capacity for labor,
2. the industrious and thrifty life
style
3. practical and exact,
mindful of his own profit
3. a courage to
explore strange lands, a curiosity
to
know the world
4. the strong desire to
test one
’
s own strength and
establish
one
’
s individual identity
a strong sense of individualism
a pragmatic attitude toward Christian
religion
the new risen middle class
were applying Christianity
in ways that
best suit their materialistic pursuits, to
use religion as superficial
decoration
Swift
(1667
—
1745): essayist,
satirist, novelist
Jonathan Swift: Major Works
Gulliver
’
s
Travels
格列佛游记
A Modest
Proposal
一个小小的建议
A Drapier
’
s
Letters
麻布商的来信
Gulliver
’
s
Travels
?
Gulliver
’
s
adventure in Lilliput ( a country of tiny men)
?
Gulliver
’
s
adventure in
Brobdingnag (a
country of giants)
?
His adventure in the country of the
Flying Island
?
In the country of the Houyhnhnms (a
country of horses
By guided by reason,
Swift is launching the most severe attack on
humanity and the social
reality.
portraying human beings as depraved and
disgusting yahoos and setting them against the
noble horses that are
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：软件版本英文简写含义
下一篇：2. 论美国学者讲稿