-
清华大学博士考试英语试题及答案
清华大学博士考试英语试题及答案
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension
(20%)(略)Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (10%)
Directions:
There are 20
incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four
choices marked
A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes
the sentence and
then mark the
corresponding letter on the ANSWET SHEET with a
single line through
the
center.21.
The__________of
the
spring
water
attracts
a
lot
of
visitors
from
other
parts of the
country.A. clash
B. clarify
C. clarity
D. clatter22. Business in
this area has
been__________because
prices are too high.A. prosperous
B.
secretive
C.
slack
D.
shrill23. He told a story about his sister who was
in a
sad__________when she was ill and
had no money.A. plight
B.
polarization
C. plague
D. pigment24.
He added a__________to
his letter by
saying that he would arrive before 8 pm.A.
presidency
B.
prestige
C.
postscript
D.
preliminary25.
Some
linguists
believe
that the__________age for children
learning a foreign language is 5 to 8.A.
optimistic
B.
optional
C.
optimal
D.
oppressed26.
It all started
in
1950,
when people
began to build their houses on
the__________of
their cities.A.
paradises
B. omissions
C. orchards
D.
outskirts27.
The
meeting
was__________over
by
the
mayor
of
the
city.A.
presumed
B. proposed
C. presented
D. presided28. The
crowd__________into the hall and some
had to stand outside.A. outgrew
B.
overthrew
C. overpassed
D. overflew29. It was clear
that the
storm__________his arrival by
two hours.A. retarded
B.
retired
C.
refrained
D. retreated30. This
problem should be discussed first, for
it takes__________over all the other
issues.A. precedence
B. prosperity
C.
presumption
D. probability31. Her sadness was
obvious, but she believed
that her
feeling of depression was__________.A. torrent
B. transient
C. tensile
D. textured32. Nobody knew how he came
up with
this__________idea about the
trip.A. weary
B.
twilight
C.
unanimous
D. weird33. The flower under the sun
would__________quickly
without any
protection.A. wink
B. withhold
C.
wither
D.
widower34. The__________of gifted children into
accelerated classes will start
next
week according to their academic performance.A.
segregation
B.
specification
C. spectrum
D. subscription35.
He__________himself bitterly for his
miserable behavior that evening. A. repealed
B. resented
C.
relayed
D.
reproached36. Any
earthquake that takes
place in any area is certainly regarded as a kind
of a
__________event.A. cholesterol
B.
charcoal
C.
catastrophic
D. chronic37.
He cut the string and held up the
two__________to tie the box.A. segments
B.
sediments
C. seizures
D. secretes38.
All the music instruments in the
orchestra will be__________before it
starts.A. civilized
B.
chattered
C. chambered
D. chorded39.
When the air in a certain space is squeezed to
occupy a smaller space, the air is said
to be__________.A. commenced
B.
compressed
C.
compromised
D.
compensated40.
She
made
two
copies
of this poem and posted
them__________to different publishers.A.
sensationally
B. simultaneously
C. strenuously
D. simplyPart
Ⅲ
Reading
Comprehension (40%)
Directions: There are 4 reading
passages in this part. Each
passage is
followed by some questions of unfinished
statements. For each of them
there are
four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should
decide on the best choice
and then mark
the corresponding letter on the Answer ons 41 to
45 are
based on the following
passage:Each year, millions of people in
Bangladesh drink
ground water that has
been polluted by naturally high levels of arsenic
poison.
Finding
safe
drinking
water
in
that
country
can
be
a
problem.
However,
International
Development
Enterprises has
a low-cost
answer.
This non-
governmental organization
has developed
technology to harvest around the world have been
harvesting
rainwater
for
centuries.
It
is
a
safe,
dependable
source
of
drinking
water.
Unlike
ground
water,
rainwater
contains
no
minerals
or
salts
and
is
free
of
chemical
treatments. Best of all, it is
rainwater harvesting system created by
International
Development
Enterprises
uses
pipes
to
collect
water
from
the
tops
of
buildings.
The
pipes
stretch
from
the
tops
of
buildings
to
a
two-meter
tall
storage
tank
made
of
metal.
At
the
top
of
the
tank
is
a
so-call
ed
“first
-
flush”device
made
of
wire
screen.
This
barrier
prevents
dirt
and
leaves
in
the
water
from
falling
inside
the
tank.A
fitted
cover
sits
over
the
“first
-
flush”
device.
It
protects
the
water
inside the tank from
evaporating. The cover also prevents mosquito
insects from
laying eggs in the the
tank is a low coat plastic bag that collects
the water. The bag sits inside another
plastic bag similar to those used to hold
grains.
The
two
bags
are
supported
inside
the
metal
tank.
All
total,
the
water
storage
system can hold up to three-thousand-
five-hundred liters of water. International
Development Enterprises says the inner
bags may need to be replaced every two to
three
years.
However,
if
the
bags
are
not
damaged
by
sunlight,
they
could
last
even
ational Development Enterprises says
the water harvesting system
should
be
built
on
a
raised
structure
to
prevent
insects
from
eating
into
it
at
the
bottom. The total cost to build this
rainwater harvesting system is about forty
dollars. However, International
Development Enterprises expects the price to drop
over
time.
The
group
says
one
tank
can
provide
a
family
of
five
with
enough
rainwater
to survive a five-
month dry season.41. People in Bangladesh can
use__________as a
safe source of
drinking water.A. ground water
B. rainwater
C.
drinking
water
D.
fresh
water42.
Which
of
the
following
contributes
to
the
low-cost
of
using
rainwater?
A.
Rainwater
is
free
of
chemical
treatments.B.
People
have
been
harvesting
rainwater
for
centuries.C.
The
water
harvesting
system
is
built
on
a
platform.D.
Rainwater
can
be
collected
using
pipes.43.
Which
of
the
following
actually prevents dirt and leaves from
falling inside the tank?A. a barrier
B.
a
wire
screen
C.
a
first-flush
D.
a
storage
tank44.
The
bags used to hold water
are likely to be damaged by__________.A. mosquito
insects
B.
a fitted cover
C. a first-flush device
D. sunlight45. What should
be done to prevent insects from eating
into the water harvesting system at the
bottom?A.
The
two
bags
holding
the
water
should
be
put
inside
the
metal
tank.B.
The
inner
bags
need
to
be
replaced
every
two
years.C.
The
water
harvesting
system
should
be
built on a platform.D. A cover should be used to
prevent insects from eating
ons 46 to
50 are based on the following passage:Where one
stage of child
development
has
been
left
out,
or
not
sufficiently
experienced,
the
child
may
have
to go back and capture
the experience of it. A good home makes this
possible, for
example by providing the
opportunity for the child to play with a clockwork
car or
toy
railway
train
up
to
any
age
if
he
still
needs
to
do
so.
This
principle,
in
fact,
underlies all psychological treatment
of children in difficulties with their
development,
and
is
the
basis
of
work
in
child
beginnings
of
discipline
are
in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught
by gradual stages to wait for
food,
to
sleep
and
wake
at
regular
intervals
and
so
on.
If
the
child
feels
the
world
around him is a warm
and friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and
accustoms
himself
to
conforming
to
its
demands.
Learning
to
wait
for
things,
particularly
for
food,
is
a
very
important
element
in
upbringing,
and
is
achieved
successfully
only
if
too
great
demands
are
not
made
before
the
child
can
understand
parent
watches
eagerly
the
child's
acquisition
of
each
new
skill―the
first
spoken
words,
the
first independent steps, or the beginning of
reading and writing. It is often
tempting to hurry the child beyond his
natural learning rate, but this can set up
dangerous feeling of
failure
and states of anxiety in the child. This might
happen
at any stage. A baby
might be forced
to use a
toilet
too
early, a young
child might
be encouraged to
learn to read before he knows the meaning of the
words he reads.
On
the
other
hand,
though,
if
a
child
is
left
alone
too
much,
or
without
any
learning
opportunities, he
loses his natural zest for life and his desire to
find out new
things for ng together is
a fruit source of relationship between
children
and
parents.
By
playing
together,
parents
learn
more
about
their
children
and children learn
more from their parents. Toys and games which both
parents and
children can share are an
important means of achieving this co-operation.
Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and
crossword are good s vary
greatly in
their degree of strictness or indulgence towards
their children. Some
may be especially
strict in money matters, others are severe over
times of coming
home at night,
punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In
general, the
controls
imposed
represent
the
needs
of
the
parents
and
the
values
of
the
community
as
much as the child's own happiness and well-
being.46. The principle underlying
all
treatment of developmental difficulties in
children__________.
A. is to send
them
to
clinicsB.
offers
recapture
of
earlier
experiencesC.
is
in
the
provision
of
clockwork toys and
trainsD. is to capture them before they are
sufficiently
experienced47. The child
in the nursery__________.A. quickly learns to wait
for
foodB. doesn't initially sleep and
wake at regular intervalsC. always accepts the
rhythm of the world around themD.
always feels the world around him is warm and
friendly48. The encouragement of
children to achieve new skills__________.A. can
never
be
taken
too
farB.
should
be
left
to
school
teachersC.
will
always
assist
their
developmentD. should be balanced
between two extremes49. Jigsaw puzzles
are__________.A. too difficult for
childrenB. a kind of building-block toyC. not
very entertaining for adultsD. suitable
exercises for
parent-child
cooperation50.
Parental controls and
discipline__________.A. serve a dual purposeB.
should be
avoided as much as possibleC.
reflect the values of the communityD. are designed
to promote the child's
happinessQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the
following
passage:More than half of all
Jews married in U. S. since 1990 have wed people
who
aren't
Jewish.
Nearly
480,
000
American
children
under
the
age
of
ten
have
one
Jewish
and
one
non-Jewish
parent.
And,
if
a
survey
compiled
by
researchers
at
the
University
of
California at Los Angeles is any indication, it's
almost certain that most of
these
children
will
not
identify
themselves
as
“Jewish”
when
they
get
survey asked college freshmen, who are
usually around age 18, about their own and
their
parents'
religious
identities.
Ninety-three
percent
of
those
with
two
Jewish
parents
said
they
thought
of
themselves
as
Jewish.
But
when
the
father
wasn't
Jewish,
the number dropped
to 38 percent, and when the mother wasn't Jew,
just 15 percent
of the students said
they were Jewish, too.“I think what was surprising
was just
how
low
the
Jewish
identification
was
in
these
mixed
marriage
families.”
Linda
Sax
is a
professor of education at UCLA. She directed the
survey which was conducted
over the
course of more
than a decade and
wasn't actually about religious
identity
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇:城南旧事的读后感600字5篇
下一篇:《城南旧事》阅读心得体会