米兰有哪些大学-米兰有哪些大学
芇
NNCE
Book3
课后翻译参考答案
芆
Unit1
英译中原文：
Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging
world
community
and
whose
actions
contribute
to
building
this
community's
values
and
practices.
Global
citizenship believes that humankind is essentially
on and each individual has the power to
change
our
interdependent
world,
global
citizenship
encourages
usto
recognize
our
responsibilities
toward
each
other
and
learn
from
each
other.
Global
citizens
care
about
education, disease,
poverty, and environmental issues around the
world.
Today,
the forces of
global engagement are helping
some people identify themselves as global citizens
who have a
sense
of
belonging
to
a
world
community.
This
growing
global
identity
in
large
part
is
made
possible by the forces of modern
information, communications and transportation
technologies.
Global citizenship aims
to empower people to lead their own action. Along
with the knowledge
and values that they
have gained from learning about global issues,
people need to be equipped
with the
necessary skills to give themselves the ability
and confidence to be pro-active in making
a positive difference in the world.
莀
Keys
：世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区< /p>
的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。
世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整 体，
任何个人都
有改变事物的能力。
在我们这样一个相互 依赖的世界中，
世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼
此的责任，
世界公民关心全球的教育、
疾病、
贫穷和 环境问题。
在当今，
全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，<
/p>
让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。
这种不
断发展的世界公民
意识在很大程度上来讲，
要归功于现代信息、
通信和交通技术的力量世界
公民意识致力于给予人们力量，
让他们付诸行动，
世界公民除了要 从世界问题中学习知识和
价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推
动世界的发展。
蚈
汉译英原文：如今，很多年轻人不再选择
稳定
< /p>
的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自
己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青
年创业（
young entrepreneurship
）是未来国家经济活力
的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，
对
于国家更是一件好事，
创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。
尤其是在当前，
国家鼓励大
众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中
小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。
<
/p>
螄
Keys
：
Nowadays, many young people no longer choose
start
their
own
businesses
and
realize
their
self-value
through
their
own
wisdom
and
efforts.
Young entrepreneurship
is the source of national economic vitality in the
future. The success of
entrepreneurs
not only creates fortune, increases job
opportunities, improves people's life, but it
is
also
good
for
the
country
in
the
long
term.
Entrepreneurs
are
a
driving
force
in
upgrading
China's
economy. Especially for the time being, our
country is encouraging people to start their
own businesses and make innovations and
giving policy support for medium and small
businesses.
This further arouses young
people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.
蚃
Unit 2
袄
英译中原文：
The American Dream is a national ethos(
精神特质
)of the United States. The term
is used in many ways,
but it essentially is an idea that suggests that
anyone in the US can succeed
through
hard
work
and
has
the
potential
to
lead
a
happy,
successful
life.
Many
people
have
expanded
upon
or
refined
the
definition
to
include
things
such
as
freedom,
fulfillment
and
meaningful relationships.
The idea of an American Dream is older than the
US, dating back to the
1600s, when
people began to have all sorts of hopes and
aspirations for what was a new and
largely
unexplored
continent
to
European
immigrants.
And
the
meaning
of
the
Dream
has
changed over the course of
history, including both personal components and a
global vision. But
not
everybody
thinks
the
American
Dream
is
a
positive
thing.
Some
people
believe
that
the
structure of society in the US prevents
such an idealistic goal for everyone. Critics
often point to
examples of inequality
rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that
suggest that the American
Dream is not
attainable for everyone.
葿
Keys
：美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各 种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在
美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，
都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的
概念加以拓展和提炼，
自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。
美国梦的
思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到
17
世纪，当时的欧洲移民 面对这一新发现的、未经
开发的广裹大陆，
开始纷纷怀揣希望，
追逐梦想。
随着历史的发展，
美国梦的含义也已改变，
既包含了个人元素，
也包含了全局视野。
但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态 度。
一些人认
为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目
标。
批评者常常举以实例，
揭露
植根于阶级、种族、宗教
和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。
蒆
汉译英原文：
实现 中华民族伟大复兴
（
rejuvenation
）
是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，
我们称之为“中国梦”
，其基本内 涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让
每一个积极进取的中国人形成世
世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。
人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇
气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。
每个中国人都是中国梦的参
与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。
蒂
Keys
：
Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has
been
the
greatest
Chinese
expectation
since
modem
times.
It
basically
means
achieving
prosperity
for
the
country,
renewal
of
the
nation
and
happiness
for
the
people,
thus
ensuring
that
every
enterprising
Chinese
carries,
generation
after
generation,
the firm
conviction
that
a
better
life
is
accomplished
through
persistent
effort.
People
should
achieve
their
prosperity
through
diligence,
courage,
creativity
and
determination
instead
of
aid
from
society
or
other
people. Each individual is a
participant and a designer in the cause of
realizing the Chinese Dream,
for it is
a dream not only for the entire nation but also
for every Chinese.
蕿
Unit 3
膆
英译中原文：
Leonardo
da
Vinci,
one
of
the
greatest
minds
of
the
Italian
Renaissance,
is
perhaps
the
most
diversely
talented
person
ever
to
have
lived.
A
painter,
sculptor,
architect,
mathematician, engineer, and inventor,
he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments.
His
natural
genius,
which
crossed
multiple
disciplines,
won
him
the
title
of
Master
聿
Leonardo
is renowned primarily as a his works, the Mona
Lisa is the best known
and The Last
Supper the most reproduced religious painting of
all time. What make Leonardo's
drawings
unique are mainly his innovative techniques and
acute scientific mind. Perhaps only 15
of
his
paintingshave
survived,
partly
because
his
constant
experimentation
with
new
techniquesmade
his
total
output
quite
small.
Although
not
a
prolific(
多产的
)painter,
Leonardo
was
a
mostproductive
draftsman,
keeping
journals
full
of
sketches,
drawings,
and
diagrams.
These
notebooks,
often
referred
to
as
da
Vinci's
manuscripts,
recorded
his
inventions,
observations, and
theories about everything that captured his
attention. Leonard's genius made
him
a
pioneer
in
almost
every
field
of
study
he
undertook.
His
paintings,
together
with
his
notebooks, havecontributed
significantly to the history of art.
羄
Keys
：
莱奥纳多·
达·
芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思 想家之一，
也许也是迄
今最
多才多艺的
人。
他是画家、
雕刻家、
建筑家、
数学家、
工程师和发明家，
因成就广泛而闻名。
他的天赋跨越多个领域，
为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师的称号”
。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而着
名。在
其所有作品中，
《蒙娜丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教
画作。
莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。
他的画作大约
只有
15
幅流传了下来，其部分原因 是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多
虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高
产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。
这此笔记通常被称为达
.
芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事
物提出的理论。
莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。
他的画 作，
连同他
的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
汉译英原文：水墨画（
ink and wash painting< /p>
）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中
国国画的代表。
它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，
其间经历
了不断的发展、
提高和完善。
水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的 毛笔、
宣纸和
墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，
使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水
墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，
从而达到独特的审美效果。
水墨画在中
国绘画史上具有很高的
地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。
虿
Keys
：
Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative
of
Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the
Song and Yuan dynasties. With a
history of over one thousand years, it has
experienced constant
development,
improvement and perfection. The tools and
materials used to create ink and wash
painting, i.e, brushes, rice paper, and
ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and
closely related
to the features of the
paintings. For example, the mixing of water and
ink creates different shades
of
dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The
integration and infiltration of water, ink, and
rice
paper
enables
such
paintings
to
convey
rich
images,
and
hence
to
achieve
unique
aesthetic
effects. Ink and wash
painting holds a high status in the history of
Chinese painting, and it is even
regarded as the criterion to evaluate
the artistic level of Oriental paintings.
薇
Unit 4
蚆
英译中原文：
Venice
is
the
world's
famous
island
city
in
northern
Italy.
Founded in
the
5th
century,
Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th
century. In the Middle Ages and the
膁
Renaissance,
Venice
was
a
major
center
for
commerce
and
trade,
and
became
an
extremely
wealthy European city,
a leader in political and economic affairs. After
several hundred years in
power,
Venice
began
to
decline
in
the
15th
century.
Nowadays,
it
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
world's
most
beautiful
cities
and
one
of
the
most
important
tourist
destinations
in
the
world.
Venice has a rich and
diverse architectural style, the most famous of
which is the Gothic style.
Venice
is
also
known
for
several
important
artistic
movements
in
history,
especially
the
Renaissance
period.
The
influence
of
Venice
on
the
development
of
architecture
and
arts
has
been considerable. Today, it
is still playing an important role in contemporary
arts and popular
cultures. In 1987,
Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site. In
March 1980, Venice became a
sister city
of China's Suzhou City.
芄
Keys
：威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼 斯建立于公元
5
世纪，在公元
10
世纪时
成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商贸中心，
是当
时欧洲极为富裕的城市，
在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。
几百年的兴盛之后，< /p>
威尼斯
在
15
世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯 被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一，也是全世界最重要
的旅游胜地之一。
威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，
其中最出名的是哥特式风格。
威尼斯还因历
史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名，
特别是文艺复兴时期。
威尼斯 对建筑和艺术的发展影响
巨大。至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作
用。
1987
年，威尼斯被列
入《世界遗产名录》
。
1980
年
3
月，威尼斯与中国苏州结 为“友好城市”
。
汉译英原文：丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。丽江古城坐
落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座
风景秀丽的历史文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城
之一。丽江古城始建于南宋，
距今约有
800
年的历史。
丽江不仅历史悠久，
而且民族众多，
少数民族人口占全区人口的半
数以上。
随着丽江旅游业的发展，
到丽江古城观光游览的 中外游客日益增多。
1997
年
12
月，
丽江古城申报世界文化遗产获得成功，
填补了中国在世界文化遗产中无历史文化名 城的空白。
羈
Keys
：
Lijiang
is
a
mountainous
city
in
northwest
Yunnan
Province.
The
old
town
of
Lijiang,
located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow
Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for
its
history and culture.
It
’
s also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The
construction work of the old town was
started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800
years
from now. Not only does Lijiang
boast a long history, but also it boasts many
ethnic minorities
who
make
up
over
a
half
of
the
total
population
in
the
region.
With
the
booming
of
Lijiang
tourism, the old town of Lijiang is
receiving a growing number of tourists from home
and abroad.
In December 1997, the old
town succeeded in applying to be named a World
Cultural Heritage
Site, filling the gap
of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in
China on the World Cultural
Heritage
List.
肃
Unit 5
肃
英译中原文：
The
English
ceremony
of
afternoon
tea
dates
back
to
the
1840s.
The
tradition
evolved out of the rituals and routines
that surrounded tea drinking in Britain before
that time.
Tea was first introduced to
England in the late 1650s, but for a long time, it
was only consumed
by the royal family
and the aristocracy due to its high cost. The
habit of having afternoon tea did
not
become established until almost 200 years later.
In those days, the British ate only two daily
蝿