赛尔网络山东财经大学-我们去看海
Unit
3
Task
1
【答案】
A.
1) Stress
on the job costs American companies as much as
$$150 billion a year in
lower
productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and
higher medical costs.
2) The most
stressful professions are those that involve
danger and extreme
pressure and those
that carry a lot of responsibility without much
control.
3) The best way to deal with
stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the
only answer is to fight back or walk
away.
B.
1) Three-
quarters
2) psychologists,
doctors
3) nervousness, anger,
frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems
【原文】
Stress on the
job costs American companies as much as $$150
billion a year in
lower productivity,
unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher
medical costs.
Three-quarters of the
office workers today say they suffer from stress
at work.
Recently, psychologists and
doctors have begun to study the problem more
closely. They have discovered that the
most stressful professions are those that
involve danger, extreme pressure and
those that carry a lot of responsibility
without much control.
1
/
19
The sign of stress
range from nervousness, anger, and frequent
illness to
forgetfulness or even mental
problems. The best way to deal with stress is
through relaxation, but sometimes the
only answer is to fight back or walk
away.
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1)
give in so easily to hijackers’ demands
a) threaten
to blow up a plane, commit some other outage
b) hold out against this kind of
blackmail, always have terrorists, Start
executing terrorists automatically
c)
be prepared to face the consequences of evil
2)
a) It’s the lesser of two evils.
Terrorists have proven often enough that they
really mean business.
b)
Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.
B.
She implies that if the first speaker
was one of the victims of terrorism, she
would want the government to give in to
the demands so that she wouldn’t die.
【原文】
Margaret:
Governments give in so easily to hijackers’
demands. A hijacker only
has to
threaten to blow up a plane or commit some other
outrage, and a
government gives in to
his demands.
2
/
19
Valerie: Naturally. It’s the lesser of
the two evils. What government would risk
innocent lives just to see if
terrorists will really do what they threaten to
do?
Terrorists have proven often enough
that they really mean business.
Margaret: Yes, but if a government
doesn’t hold out against this kind of
blackmail, we will always have
terrorists. Governments are afraid to punish
these people. They almost always let
them go free. Start executing terrorists
automatically wherever they land, and
terrorism will stop.
Valerie: And what
about the innocent lives that will be lost in the
process?
Terrorism is based on the
simple idea that threatening the innocent will
achieve
its ends.
Margaret:
You can
’t get rid of evil without being prepared to face the
consequences of
evil.
Valerie: So long as you’re not
one of the victims!
Task
3
【答案】
A.
1)
thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy
2) Mexico
3) ought to, shouldn’t
B.
1)
It is located in a narrow street with five- and six-storey buildings eight
kilometers from downtown Los Angeles.
2) This factory makes shirts and jeans
3
/
19
3)
She’s already been working for ten hours, but
won’t stop for another two
hours.
4) She can’t complai
n about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.
【原文】
Eight kilometers
from downtown Los Angeles there is a narrow street
with five-
and six-storey buildings.
Inside one of these buildings there is a small
factory
making shirts and jeans. The
women working in the factory sit close together,
each with a small table, each with
their own sewing machine. The women say
nothing, and work hard. In one of the
rooms there are thirty-five women. There
is only a little natural light, and
this comes from a small window in the roof. The
room is hot, airless, and very noisy.
On the left-hand side of the room there is
a young girl sitting next to the wall.
Every now and again she closes her eyes,
and her fingers stop working. She's
already been in her chair for ten hours, but
she'll be here until the bell rings
—
and that won't be for another two hours. Her
name is Maria, and she comes
from Mexico. She won't complain about her work.
She won't say that the working hours
ought to be changed; she won't say that
the working conditions shouldn't be
permitted.
Task
4
【答案】
A.
Every year the
British government publishes statistics about
social trends. Their
findings show
definite patterns in the British way of life.
1)
marked differences
a)
one hour more every day, three hours more every week
4
/
19
b)
1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or
improvements
c)
30 percent
2)
leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks,
Swimming, British women
B.
Unlike the
other couples, Carla has always kept her won
accounts and Adrian
has always done his
own housework. Neither of them like watching
television
very much and they both like
swimming.
【原文】
When
Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get married they
will move into a new
house that they
have bought. But what sort of life will they have?
What can they
expect in modern Britain?
Every year the British government publishes
statistics
about social trends. Their
findings show definite patterns in the British way
of
life.
In most
marriages there are some marked differences
between husbands and
wives. Working
wives, for example, sleep (on average) one hour
more a day
than working husbands.
Housewives, on the other hand, sleep only about
three
hours more every week than their
working husbands. And what about
housework? The government survey showed
that only 1% of men do the
household
chores
—
like cleaning and ironing. But they do usually keep
household
accounts and it is always men who do repairs or
improvements in the
house. 30% of all
marriages end in divorce.
The
government survey also looked at leisure
activities. They found that the two
most popular leisure activities in
Britain are watching television (the average
5
/
19
family
spends 20 hours a week in front of the TV set) and
going for walks.
Swimming is an
especially popular activity among British women.
Carla and Adrian's life, though, will
probably be different from the average
marriage. In the first place Carla has
always kept her own accounts and Adrian
has always done his own housework.
Neither of them like watching television
very much and they both like swimming.
Task
5
【答案】
A.
Topic: How a city in Japan
solve the problem of garbage disposal.
Supporting details: 160 million, every
year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest,
public cooperation
1)
garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and
garden trash
2) electrical appliances,
plastic tools, plastic toys
3) are
poisonous, cause pollution, batteries
4) bottles and glass containers that
can be recycled
5) metal containers
that can be recycled
6) furniture and
bicycled
on different days, on request,
fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled,
cleaned,
repaired, resold cheaply, give
away
B.
6
/
19
1) The garbage will be taken
to a center that looks like a clean new office
building or hospital. Inside the
center, special equipment is used to sort and
process the garbage.
2)
Official from cities around the world visit
Machida to see whether they can use
some of these ideas and techniques to
solve their own garbage disposal
problems.
【原文】
Disposing of the garbage we produce
every day is a major problem in cities
around the world. In the United States,
over 160 million tons of garbage are
produce every year. Ten percent is
recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest
is put in landfills. But finding land
for new landfills is becoming more difficult.
A city that has solved this problem in
an unusual way is Machida, in Tokyo,
Japan. They have developed a totally
new approach to garbage disposal. The
key to the operation is public
cooperation. Families must divide their garbage
into six categories:
1.
garbage that can be easily burned (that is,
combustible garbage) such as
kitchen
and garden trash?;
2. noncombustible
garbage, such as small electrical appliances,
plastic tools,
and plastic toys?;
3. products that are poisonous or that
cause pollution, such as batteries and
fluorescent lights?;
4.
bottles and glass containers that can be
recycled?;
5. metal containers that can
be recycled?;
6. large items, such as
furniture and bicycles.
7
/
19
The items in categories1 to 5
are collected on different days. Large items are
only collected upon request. Then the
garbage is taken to a center that looks
like a clean new office building or
hospital. Inside the center, special equipment
is used to sort and process the
garbage. Almost everything can be reused:
garden or kitchen trash becomes
fertilizer; combustible garbage is burned to
produce electrical; metal containers
and bottles are recycled; and old furniture,
clothing, and other useful items are
cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or
given away. The work provides
employment for handicapped person and gives
them a chance to learn new skills.
Nowadays, officials from cities around
the world visit Machida to see whether
they can use some of these ideas and
techniques to solve their own garbage
disposal problems.
Task
6
【答案】
1) They were talking about Mrs. Carter.
2) She was a tall, handsome woman who
used to come into the shop at least
twice a week.
3) She lived
alone in a large house on an old farm---about
three miles from the
shop.
4) He was absolutely certain, otherwise
he would never call the police. His
evidence was this: First, he saw her do
it; second, he found the things in her bag;
third, she had done it before.
5) Because two young people saw her.
The shopkeeper believed that if they
didn’t punish her, young people would
think that stealing didn’t matter.
8
/
19
6) The
judge thought that it was difficult case from a
humanitarian point of view.
The excuses
her found for her were: First, the woman was old
and she lived
alone---
she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor
---she was well-known for her
generosity to
charities and she didn’t need to steal. Te items
were only worth a
pound or two. Third,
she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that
she ha
d
done it.
【原文】
Shopkeeper: I
knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall,
handsome woman
who used to come into
the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in
a large
house on an old farm
—
about three miles from here. People ask me if I am
certain she did
it. The answer is yes. I was absolutely certain,
otherwise I would
never have called the
police. In the first place, I saw her do it. I
watched her put
the things into her bag
and I watched her walk out of the store. In the
second
place, we found the things in
her bag, and finally, she had done it before. It
wasn't the first time. I think she was
in such a confused state that she didn’t
know what she was doing, but two other
people say her
—
two young people.
We had to punish her, otherwise young
people
would think that stealing didn’t
matter.
Judge: It was a
difficult case from a humanitarian point of view.
The woman was
old and she lived alone
—
she was lonely. She wasn’t poor —
she was
well-
known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to
steal. The
items were
only worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty
and said she
didn’t know that she had
done it. From the legal point of view the case was
straightforward. The woman stole; she
was caught and reported. There were
witnesses. She had to be punished or
else no one could be punished for stealing.
Task
7
9
/
19