杜克大学毕业证-元旦节日记
Key to Unit 12 Geography
Task
1
Key
r the following
questions.
1) Olmsted wanted the park to be
a rural paradise within an urban area, a place for
all “rich and poor, young and old”.
2) East
Side Central Park was opened in 1876
3)
Because this part of Fifth Avenue has many museums
which used to be mansions built soon after the
opening of East Side Central Park by wealthy New
Yorkers.
4) Central Park West is the street
on the western side of the park. It has large and
unusual apartment buildings.
1)tPeople
laughed because they believed that nobody with
money would live in an apartment house, especially
when it was so far from the center of town. ( It
was just like the Dakotas, which are located in
the western part of the United
States.)
in the blanks with what
you hear on the tape.
1) in the middle of,
in the 1850s, landscape architect
2)
explore, renting a bicycle, gardens, a zoo, a
skating rink, old-fashioned, a lake, an outdoor
theater
3) The Metropolitan Museum of Art
4) famous residents
Task
2
Key
ete the following sentences
with what you hear on the tape.
1)ttwelve
miles, several hundred, eight hundred
thousand
2)tover a thousand
3)tfar,
grander, bigger
e whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
1)—3)
FTT
Task 3
Key
Fill
in the following
chart
PlacestDescriptions
The
weather is nice, and warm. And the people are
lovely. I love swimming there.
I like the
purity of soul of the people there. They’re the
nicest, most direct, most unneurotic people that
I’ve ever met anywhere in the
world
Switzerland was grand
The food
was wonderful. The people were wonderful. The sun
was wonderful, and the sea was wonderful. Cyprus
is a lovely place.
I was lucky enough to go
there a couple of years ago. The thing that
impressed me most of all were the people and how
friendly they were.
Task
4
Key
A. Answer the following
questions.
1) The majority of Australians
are of English, Irish, Italian, Greek, Dutch, and
Polish descent. Over the past 50 years, a large
number of Asian and African immigrants have poured
in. Besides, about one percent of the population
is Aborigine.
2) Because much of the land
in Australia, particularly in the Outback, is so
arid that people are unable to live
there.
B. Decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
1)—2)
TT
C. Fill in the blanks with what
you hear on the tape.
1) Make friends with,
Explore, Marvel at, be awed by
2) vast,
amazing, peaceful, unique
3) relax on our
beautiful beaches, thousands of years ago, meet
interesting people
Task
5
Key
A. Write down the information
about the people who had visited America before
Columbus.
TimetPeopletRoutes
Thousands of
years agottCrossed the Bering Strait to Alaska and
then moved though North America and on to South
America
A.D.459ttCrossed the Pacific to
Mexico
Irish explorers tSailed
fro
m Iceland to
America
A.D.986tt
Lived for a time
in Newfoundland in Canada but then returned to
Greenland
B. Answer the following
questions.
1) Columbus thought he had
arrived in the Indies ( the name then used for
Asia) when he arrived in the Bahamas.
2) It
was named after another Italian explorer, Amerigo
Vespucci, who was a friend of Columbus’ and who
later explored the coastline of the New
World.
C. Decide whether the
following statement is true (T) or false (F)
according to the
tape.
T
Task
6
Key
A. Complete the following
sentences with what you hear on the
tape.
1) a few hundred metres off the
coast
2) 64,000 8,000
B.
Answer the following questions.
1) Because
the population of Skye is getting smaller. Its
young people are being tempted by mainland life
and the chance of better jobs and better
pay.
2) His plan is to build a bridge
linking Skye with the mainland. He thinks this
will bring new work to the island, and stop people
from going away from their homes.
3)
Because they think that the bridge will bring in
too many tourists and take away the island’s
independence and character
C.
Choose the best answer to complete the following
sentence.
c
Task
7
Key
A. Fill in the blanks with
what you hear on the tape.
1) parks,
museums and shops, in the centre of, further
out
2) 450
3) in the 16th century,
in 1835
B. Fill in the following ch
art.
NamestLocationstCharacteristics
Close to Buchingham Palace, and to the government
offices in WhitehalltVery attractive, with a long,
narrow lake, which is occupied by ducks and other
water birds
Very close to the PalacetVery
bare
Famous for the Serpentine-the lake,
and for Speaker’s Corner, where people can, and
do, say anything about almost every subject under
the sun
In the southwest of LondontThere
are still deer in there
Next to Hyde
ParktVery popular with both the old and the young.
On warmer days there are always people at the
Round Pond, where they come to sail their model
boats
Famous for its lake and its flowers,
as well as for London Zoo. There is also an open-
air theatre, where the public can see many of
Shakespeare’s plays in the summer
months.
Task 8
Key
A.
Answer the following questions.
1) They are
in the desert in southern Peru near the Nazca
city.
2) The lines were discovered in the
early 1930s.
3) Because the forms were so
big, they were difficult to see from the ground,
only visible from the air. They were not
discovered until aircraft flew over this
region.
B. Fill in the blanks with
what you hear on the tape.
37 miles long,
1mile wide, straight lines, parallel, strange
symbols, on a giant scale, 200B.C.,
600A.D.
Task
9
Key
A. Answer the following
questions.
1) It erupted on August 24th,
79A.D.
2) 2,000
3) In Propeii, there
are lots of shops for clothes and shoes, and all
kinds of food. The city is also full of workshops.
People make many things like tables, chairs and
pots. There are hotels,
restaurants
0
Task
4
Key
A. Answer the following
questions.
1) $$7.56
2) $$0.6 for 8
percent sales tax
3) $$8.16
4)
$$10.16
5) 2 bucks
B. Fill in
the blanks with what you hear on the
tape.
1) tube, $$1.09, bars, $$.85, tube,
$$1.39,bottle, $$.79, box, $$.99, $$.29, stick, $$.98,
tube, $$.89, package, $$.69
2) Here’s your
change
Task 5
Key
A.
Answer the following questions.
1) There
are 10 denominations, namely $$10,000, $$5,000,
$$1,000, $$500, $$100, $$50, $$20, $$10, $$5 and
$$1.
2) They are the same size and the same
green color.
3) The best bet is to forget
the pictures and concentrate on the large numbers
in all four corners on the front and
back.
4) There are five denominations of
coins: $$.01 or 1￠; $$.05 or 5￠; $$.10 or 10￠; $$.25
or 25￠; and $$.50 or 50￠.
5) No, they
aren’t. Because a dime is smaller than either a
nickel or a penny.
B. Fill in the
blanks with what you hear on the tape.
1)
$$1, $$5, $$10, $$20
2) White House, Treasury
Building, Lincoln Memorial, “ONE”, American
insignia
3) cash, bucks, dough, bread,
moolah, greenbacks, a dollar, a single, a buck, a
bill, five dollars, a fiver, a five spot, five
bucks, singles, a ten, ten bucks, ten
spot
4) penny, cent, one cent, nickel, five
cents, dime, ten cents, quarter, two bits, twenty-
five cents, fifty-cent piece
5) change,
small change, silver, silver
Task
6
Key
Answer the following
questions.
1) It means that we
don’t carry most of our weekly or monthly wage
around in our pockets, and we don’t leave it at
home where it might easily be stolen.
2)
Because we don’t want to travel around the city
with hundreds of dollars in cash to pay bills, nor
do we want to waste the time and
carfare.
3) The author recommends an
account that is a savings and a checking account
in one.
4) Because often commercial banks
have many offices in a city or town.
5) You
sign your name on the back of the check, mark it
“for deposit only” and deposit the money in your
account.
6) It is generally about $$4 per
month or 15￠ for every check you write.
7)
You should have received in the mail all your
bills, such as rent, the gas and electricity, the
phone, perhaps a doctor or dentist bill,
etc.
8) You can use a small plastic card to
tell the computer to transfer the same amount of
money from your savings to your checking
account.
9) No, it doesn’t
10) The
computer will oblige as long as you have the
amount you’re asking for in your
account.
Task
7
Key
A. Decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
1)—5)
FFTFT
B. Answer the following
questions.
1) The goods bought by hire
purchase are, in almost every case, goods that
will last—radio and television sets, washing
machines, refrigerators, motor-cars and motor-
cycles, and articles of furniture.
2) It
helps newly-married couples with small incomes to
furnish their homes; increases the demand for
goods, and in this way helps trade and employment;
and by hire purchase, fami
lies can
spend less money, or perhaps no money, in useless
or perhaps harmful ways, for example, on too much
alcoholic drink.
3) There is the danger
that when trade is bad, hire purchase buying may
end suddenly and make trade much worse, with, as a
result, a great increase in
unemployment.
Task
8
Key
A. If Helen Andrews had opened
an account with the bank, the manager would have
completed either Form A or Form B. Choose the
correct form and fill it in according to the
information you hear on the
tape.
Form B
CURRENT ACCOUNT
FORM
HELEN ANDREWS
33 BEDFORD ROAD
LONDON E14
YES √
NO √
B. Answer the following
questions.
1) The money comes from the
premium bonds.
2) She has only had a post
office savings account until now.
3) He
thinks most people have current accounts if they
have not got an awful lot of money and they need
to use it regularly.
4) Because the bank
doesn’t give a cheqeue card until one has had an
account with the bank for six months.
5)
The fact that no one would accept her checks
without a check card makes her reconsider
everything again.
Task
9
Key
A. Complete the following
sentences according to the information given on
the tape.
1) 100 pence
2) 12
pence
3) 1 penny
4) “two shillings”
coin
5) one year
6) 1971
7)
1984
8) 1983, small
B. Fill
in the following chart according to the
information given on the tape.
Currencies
in UK
Since(year)tMade oftLargest
SizetSmallest Size
papert
￡50t
￡5
1970ttt
1981ttt
50pt1/2p(before 19
84)
1971tcoppertt
1p
1971t
1971
<
br>
copper/nickeltt
copper/nickeltt
<
br>1983t
Task
10
An old man died and left his son
a lot of money. But the son was a foolish young
man, and he quickly spent all the money, so that
soon he had nothing left. Of course, when that
happened, all his friends left him. When he was
quite poor and alone, he went to see Nasreddin,
who was a kind, clever old man who often helped
people when they had troubles.
"My money
has finished and my friends have gone," said the
young man. "What will happen to
me
now?"
"Don't worry, young man," answered
Nasreddin. "Everything will soon be all right
again. Wait and you will soon feel much
happier."
The young man was very glad. "Am
I going to get rich again then?" he asked
Nasreddin.
"No, I didn't mean that," said
the old man. "I meant that you would soon get used
to being poor and to having no
friends."
Key to Unit 14
Science and Technology
Task
1
Call students’ attention to the results
of the experiments, and compare them. Suggest them
to take notes about the differences
in the weights, health conditions, and life span
of the mice in different groups, and give
particular attention to the comparatives ( the
comparative and superlative degrees) in the
recording.
Key
A. Choose the best
answer to complete each of the following
sentences.
1)—5) acbab
B.
Complete the following sentences with what you
hear on the tape.
1) animals, mice, rats,
monkeys
2) mice
3) ongoing
4)
healthy diet, amount
5) one, each
day
Task 2
Key
A.
Answer the following questions.
1) People
keep fish in a certain place just as they keep
sheep and cattle.
2) By
education.
3) Waste pollutes the sea, and
plankton dies. Other sea animals that live on
plankton cannot find enough food.
4) They
needed to kill whales for their meat, their bones
and the oil from their fat. But they have other
materials now.
B. Decide whether
the speakers agree with the following ideas, and
put a tick in the corresponding blank.
Scie
ntists
IdeastAdamstBrowntChurch
√t√<
br>
√t√
√t√t
√t√t√
C. Complete the chart for the seafood
pyramid
Smaller
fish
Zoo
Plant
Task
3
Key
A. Choose the best answer to
complete each of the following
sentences
1)—4) babc
B. Fill in the
blanks according to the information you hear on
the tape.
1) Step1: Measure
Step2:
Mix
Step3: Pour
Step 4: Put
on
Step 5: pack
2) late, sick,
vacation, strike, 24 hours, 7days,
365days
C. Answer the following
questions.
1) A worker will program the
robots. She/He will type the orders into a
computer, telling the robots what ingredients to
use, how long to mix them, and which labels to
use.
2) A technician from the robot company
will come within an hour to fix it
3)
No
D. Discuss the following topic
in class.
In your opinion, should the
factory use robots to replace human
workers?
Task
4
Key
A. Fill in the blanks in the
first part of the passage with what you hear on
the tape.
inventions, immediate,
manufactured goods, growth, farms, grew up, coal,
iron, pleasant, over-crowded
B.
Complete the following outline of the second and
third parts.
Part
2
Factory
A. 1. Long
2.
Low
B. common
C.
children
Part 3
women and
children
A. 10 years old, mines
B.
10 working hours/day for women and for boys under
18
C. form unions
C. Listen
to the past part of the passage and answer the
following questions.
1) Socialists demanded
complete changes in the system of Government and
the way people earned their living.
But
other social reformers only wanted to achieve
their goals by peaceful menas, particularly by
passing new laws.
2) The Consequences of
the Industrial Revolution in
Britain
Task
5
Key
A. Decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
1)—8)
TTFTFFTT
B. Discuss the following
questions in pairs
1) Who is
Miranda?
2) Who is Varon?
3) Who is
Garth?
4) What has happened in the story
bef
ore the scene?
5) What
will happen after the
scene?
Task
6
Key
A. Choose the best answer to
complete each of the following
sentences.
1)—3) cbc
B. Take
notes and fill in the following
chart.
SpeakerstDoes she/he believe there
is the monster in Loch Ness?tWhy or why
not?
there are any monsters there, why
hasn’t anyone caught one yet? Why aren’t there any
really clear photos of one?
says he has
seen it.
He didn’t believe in the idea, but
now he is not so believes “there may be something
unusual in Loch Ness:.
He says, “The
underwater world is still full of
mysteries.”
Task
7
Key
A. Decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
1)—5)
FTFFT
B. Answer the following
questions.
1) Dispute over the genetically
modified crops.
2) Biotech foods come from
material that has been genetically modified by
scientists to resist insects or disease.
3)
European consumers feared possible the health
risks of these new foods.
4) First the
foods must be labeled clearly. Second, producers
will have to trace GMOs at all stages of
production.
5) Because the aid contained
biotech grain, which Africans feared could be used
a seed and thereby threaten future exports to the
EU.
Task 8
Key
A.
Choose the best answer to each of the following
questions.
1)—4) babc
B.
Answer the following questions.
1) It is
the largest solar power station in the
world.
2) They built two different types of
power station side by side. They want to find
which is the best system for harnessing the power
of the sun.
3) Water is converted to steam
to drive the turbines in the usual way.
4)
The sun often disappears.
C. Fill
in the following chart.
The First Power
StationtThe Second Power Station
800, 95
percent, tower, computers, sun, 400, pepes, steam,
drivet2,500, football stands, the sun, mirrors,
light, vacuum tube, steam, drive
a)
The first power station uses fewer mirrors than
the second.
b) In the first power station,
mirrors are arranged in a circle round a tower,
while in the second station they are arranged on
stands and reflect the light onto a second set of
parabolic mirrors.
The first power
station uses concealed water pipes; the second
uses pipes that are clearly visible in a vacuum
tube.
Task 9
The
future will not determine itself. The future is
determined by the actions of the present
day.
Edward Cornish, the editor of The
Futurist magazine published by the World Future
Society, says:
"The responsibility we have
for the future begins when we recognize that we
ourselves create the future--that the future is
not something imposed upon us by fate or other
forces beyond our control. We ourselves build the
future both through what we do and what we do not
do."
A novel way of teaching may change the
way universities are run. An engineering teacher
at the American University of Illinois has had
great success without textbooks,
wi
thout exams and without
deadlines. His students won nine of the top ten
engineering awards in a university
competition.
The engineering professor,
Ricardo Uribe, let his engineering students
express themselves, instead of telling them what
to do. His students all focused on the problems
that interested them, not what their teacher told
them. They worked their own hours, not hours set
by the university. They did not have to sit tests,
and they helped each other in open
classes.
Unit 15
News (II)
Task 1
Key
Fill in
the blanks with what you hear on the
tape.
successor, the World Wars, drafted,
existence, General Assembly, members,
Headquarters, decision-making, budget, permanent
members, two-years terms,
maintenance.
Task
2
Key
A. Choose the best answer to
complete each of the following
sentences.
1)—4) bcda
B.
Answer the following questions.
1) Genocide
means the deliberate murder of a whole group or
race of people. By the word, Alacon implied many
ordinary Cubans had become victims of the US
embargo. many people suffered or died, for they
could not get imported food and
medicine.
2) The US representative argued
that the US embargo was a matter of bilateral
trade policy and the UN General Assembly had no
right to adopt a resolution on this
issue.
Task 3
Key
A.
Decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F) according to the
tape.
1)—4) TFTF
B. Fill in
the blanks with what you hear on the
tape.
1) Shelter for the Homeless
2)
a set of stamps/six stamps
3) building
homes
4) a) information
b) the
UN
c) governments, institutions,
worldwide
Task
4
Key
A. Fill in the following chart
.
News
ItemstParticipantstNumber of
DemonstratorstPlace(s)tDemands
1tDemonstrat
ors mainly long-term unemployedtTens of
thousandstParis and several other citiestProtest
the level of unemployment and call for higher
welfare payments
2tSome rural interest
groups e.g. farmers, agriculture workers, hunters
and village dwellerstA quarter of a
milliontCentral LondontDemand more government
action to deal with the problems of the
countryside
B. Decide whether the
following statements are true (T) or false (F)
according to the tape.
News Item
1
1)—2) TF
News Item 2
3)—4)
FF
Task 5
Key
A. Fill
in the following chart
The Olympic Medals
Table
CountriestNumber of Medals
Gol
dtSilvertBronzetTotal
39t25t33t97
32
t28t28t88
28t16t15t59
B.
Decide whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F) according to the
tape.
1)—6) FTFTFF
Task
6
Key
A. Answer the following
questions.
1) A strategic partnership
agreement.
2) It strengthens ties between
the two countries in a variety of areas including
security cooperation, diplomatic activity at
the UN and trade and finance.
3) A package
of arms deals
4) First, they have agreed to
an accord that will allow India to buy more
diamonds from Russia. Second, India will get some
advanced nuclear technology
from
Russia for its nuclear power
projects.
5) India hopes to reduce its
dependence on imported oil.
B.
Complete the following sentences with what you
hear on the tape.
1) tanks, fighter
bombers, aircraft carrier
2) military
hardware, three billion dollars
3) low,
longstanding ties
4) importer, cutter,
producer
Task
7
Key
high, downturn, investment,
reforms, terrorism, slowdown, 7.3percent, 10, 8,
similar, cars, houses, tours, internal, money,
markets, barriers, domestic
Task
8
Key
A. Fill in the following
chart.
YeartEvents
Charles Darwin,
5-year, the Southern Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans
Foreign Ministers, Allied,
occupation zones, govern, 5 years
Manned
mission to the moon/Apollo 8, 6-day
journey
B. Complete the following
sentences with what you hear on the
tape.
1) invaluable, evolution, The Origin
of the Species.
2) biological evolution,
natural selection
3) split, Soviet forces,
Americans
4) manned spacecraft,
orbit
Task
9
Key
Answer the following
questions.
1) He was a suspect in
connection with the “I Love You” computer virus
that has damaged millions of computers
worldwide.
2) They seized the telephone,
computer magazines and wiring.
3)
No.
4) A Swedish teenager who was a
computer whiz
Task
10
Key
A. Match each name in Column
1 with his/her corresponding position in Column
2.
Column 1
Column2
1) Tony Blair a)
the BBC’s former top executive
2) Gavin
Davies b) the Culture
Minister
3) Alex Salmond c)
a Scottish national politician
4) Tessa
Jowell d the Prime
Minister
B. Choose the best answer
to complete each of the following
sentences
1)—4) cbda
C. Fill
in the blanks with what you hear on the
tape.
1) fallen, criticise, sensitive,
confidence
2) probe, question
3)
independent, so, forward, principal, broadcaster,
envied, cherished
D. Answer the
following questions.
1) After the Kelly
affair, the chairman and director general of the
BBC resigned. The British government has the right
to appoint the new leaders for the BBC. Moreover,
although the BBC is funded by the payments from
people who have TVs, The government is beginning a
charter review of the system. Thus some people
fear the BBC could try to please the government
because it relies on the renewal of the charter
for its funding.
2) Alex Salmond questions
the government’s role in appointing senior
executives for the BBC. He doubts whether the
government can be impartial on the matter when the
chairman and director general of the BBC resigned
after the affair.
Tony Blair says the BBC
should be independent and impartial by questioning
and probing the government in every proper
way.
Tessa Jowell insists that the BBC be
constitutionally independent and continue to be
so. For her, what is the most important is that
the BBC, as the major public service broadcaster,
continues moving forward after the
affair.
Task
11.
Key
Newsp
apers
are one of the main sources from which we learn
what is going on--in world politics, science,
local government, the arts, fashion, food,
education and sports. The papers we choose show
our interests and usually the politics which we
believe in. There are nine national daily
newspapers in Britain, of which five are tabloids
and four are quality papers. Do these newspapers
really serve the people they are written for? Many
people question the objectivity of newspapers. How
objective are they? We might be better able to
judge if we understand how a newspaper is
produced. Reporters, of course, are the source
from which the facts must come, but there are many
other people who are involved in and influence
newspapers.