大学课堂英语自我介绍-家乡的景物
Unit
1
Task 1
【答案】
A.
1) She
wanted to see St. Paul
’
s Cathedral.
2) She was so
surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who
looked alike.
3)
They
were
all
wearing
dark
suits
and
bowler
hats,
carrying
umbrellas
and
newspapers.
4)
Because
she
had
often
read
about
them
and
seen
photographs
of
them,
who
all
looked
as if they were wearing a
uniform.
5) No, he
didn
’
t.
6) He used
the English saying
“
It takes all kinds to make a world
”
to prove his
opinion.
B.
If
all
the
seas
were
one
sea,
what
a
great
sea
it
would
be!
And
if
all
the
trees
were
one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if
this tree were to fall in the
sea, what
a great splash there would be!
【原文】
Yesterday
morning
Gretel
went
to
the
City
of
London.
She
wanted
to
see
St.
Paul's
Cathedral.
She was surprised to
see so many Englishmen
who looked alike. They were
all
wearing dark
suits
and
bowler
hats.
They
were
all
carrying umbrellas and
newspapers.
When
she
returned
home
she
asked
Mr
clark
about
these
strange
creatures.
and seen photographs of
them. They all look as if they are wearing a
uniform. Does
the typical English
gentleman still exist?
Mr.
Clark
laughed.
never
thought
about
it,
he
answered.
It's
true
that
many
of the men who work in the City
of London still
wear bowler
hate and I suppose
they are typical Englishmen. But look
at this.
pointed at a photo of a young
man.
there is no such thing as a
'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English
saying
'It
takes
all
kinds
to
make
a
world'?
That's
true
of all
countries-including
England.
“
Oh, just like the poem
‘
If All the Seas Were One Sea
’
,
”
Gretel began to
hum happily. If all the seas
were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If
all
the trees were one tree, what a
great tree that would be! And if this tree were to
fall in the sea, w
hat a great splash that would be!”
Task
2
【答案】
A.
1) people
were much busier
2) colder than
England; minus thirty degrees; last longer
3) much more mountainous; much higher
and much more rocky; more beautiful
4) tend to be more crowded
5) the houses; smaller
B.
1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F
【原文】
John
is
British
but
has
worked
in
Japan.
Etsuko
is
Japanese
from
Osaka,
but
she
is studying in
Britain. In the following passage you are going to
hear, they are
comparing
life
as
they
see
it
in
the
two
countries.
But
before
listening
to
it,
think
of
the two countries and try to answer the following
pre-listening questions.
John:
I
found
that
living
in
Japan,
people
were
busier.
They
seem
to
work
the
whole
day.
Etsuko:
Yes, that’s right. We work from Monday through Saturday, even in summer.
You
know,
summer
in
Japan
is
just
horrible.
It’s
very
,
very
humid
and
hot,
and
you
need to shower
three times a day.
John: So you find it
cooler in England?
Etsuko:
Yes, that’s right.
John: Where I was
living in Japan, in the North, it was much colder
than England,
especially
in
winter,
minus
thirty
degrees
centigrade.
Does
the
winter
in
Osaka
last
longer than the winter in
England?
Etsuko:
No, I don’t think so. December, January, February, March.
John:
Yes. It’s a little bit shorter if anything.
Etsuko: Ever since I came here, I
noticed that the countryside here in England is
very beautiful.
John:
It’s much flatter than in Japan.
Etsuko:
Yes.
Japan
is
a
mountainous
country
and
our
cities
are
full
of
people.
There
are lots of people in a
limited flat area.
John:
Yes,
I
found
Japan
much
more
mountainous
than
Britain,
especially
in
the
north.
The mountains
are much higher and much more rocky. I found it
more beautiful than
Britain, I think.
Etsuko: Yes, if you like mountains.
John: And therefore the towns and
villages tend to be more crowded.
Etsuko:
Yes, that’s
right.
John: Yes. So because the
cities are more crowded, the houses tend to be
smaller,
don’t they?
Etsuko:
Yes,
they
are
very
compact,
and
we
don’t
have
a
lot
of
space.
In
big
cities
we have
a lot of taller buildings now.
John: Is
this a problem because there are more earthquakes
in Japan?
Etsuko:
Yes, that’s right and…
Task 3
【答案】
A.
1)
In
the
US,
people
usually
dance
just
to
enjoy
themselves;
they
don
’
t
invite
other
people to watch
them.
2)
Usually eight people dance together.
3)
Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side of
the
square.
4) He usually makes it
into a song.
5) They wear old-
fashioned clothes.
B.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T
C.
1) eight people
form a square; on each side of the square
2) what they should do; makes it into a
song; sings it
3)
don
’
t have much time to think
4) old-fashioned clothes
【原文】
Rosa: Why don’t
you have folk dances in the United States? Most
countries have
special dances that the
people have done for many years. The dancers wear
clothes from the old days. Everyone
likes to watch them dance.
Steve:
We
have
folk
dances,
too.
A
lot
of
people
belong
to
folk
dancing
groups.
But
when they dance, they usually do it
just to enjoy themselves.
They don’t
invite other people to watch them.
Rosa: Is there a folk dancing group
here?
Steve: I think so. There must be.
There’s one in almost every city, and some big
cities have several.
Rosa:
What are the dances like?
Steve:
Usually
eight
people
dance
together,
four
men
and
four
women.
When
they
start,
they
form
a
square,
with
a
man
and
a
woman
on
each
side
of
the
square.
That’s
why
it’s
called
square
dancing.
Then
there’s
a
man
who
tells
the
dancers
what
they
should
do.
He
usually
makes
it
into
a
song.
He
sings
it
while
they
dance.
Rosa: Oh, that
should make the dances easy!
Steve:
Yes, but they are very fast. They
don’t have much time to think.
I like
to watch them, though. The dancers wear
old-fashioned clothes. That makes
the
dances pretty to watch.
Rosa: I’d
like to watch a group dance.
Steve:
I’ll take you sometime.
Task
4
【答案】
1) It
was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the
beginning of spring.
2) They
burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring
good luck.
3) The custom said
the brides must wear
“
something old, something new, something
borrowed, and
something blue
”
to bring good luck.
4)
Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they
tried to use up
these things before Lent began.
5)
It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.
6)
People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into the
church people
dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.
【原文】
1) On the evening of February 3rd,
people in Japanese families took one dried bean
for each year of their age and threw
the beans on the floor, shouting
in!
Evil spirits out!
of winter and the
beginning of spring.
2) Before
the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old days, many
Chinese families burned
the picture of
their kitchen god to bring good luck. When Lunar
New Year's Day
came, they put ancw
picture of the kitchen god on the wall.
3)
When
American
women
got
married,
they
sometimes
followed
an
old
custom
in
choosing
what
to
wear
on
their
wedding
day.
The
custom
said
the
bride
must
wear
old, something new, something
borrowed, and something blue
good
luck.
4) Before Lent (a time on
the Christian calendar), the people of Ponti,
Italy ate
an
omelet
made
with
1,000
eggs.
People
could
not
eat
meat,
eggs
or
dairy
products
during Lent, so they
tried to use up these things before Lent
began.
5) When winter ended in
Czech, the children made a straw man called
was
a
figure
of
death.
They
burned
it
or
threw
it
in
the
river.
After
they
destroyed
it, they carried
flowers home to show the arrival of spring.
6) January 17th was St. Anthony's Day
in Mexico. It was a day when people brought
their animals to
church. But before the animals
went into the church,
the people
dressed them up in
flowers and ribbons. This ceremony was to protect
people's
animals.
Task 5
【答案】
A.
1) F 2) T 3) F
4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T
B.
Advantages
Lots of
servants to do the work
beautiful clothes to wear
lots of tea parties
life being slower
plenty of time to talk to each
other
Disadvantages
Terrible life for servants
very uncomfortable clothes
boring
and
formal
tea
parties
—
often
no
men being
invited
much more illness
children left with servants all
day
very poor education
no freedom for women
【原文】
Man: Well, I
think life used to be much more fun than it is
now. I mean, look at
the Victorians.
They had lots of servants to do all the work; they
never
had to do any cooking or
cleaning; they just wore those beautiful dresses
and went to tea parties.
Woman:
You
must
be
joking!
Their
clothes
were
terribly
uncomfortable
and
their
tea
parties were very formal and boring.
They used to wear their hats and long
gloves
even
when
they
were
eating
cakes
and
biscuits.
And
men
were
not
usually
invited.
Man: Really? Weren't they?
Woman: And think of the poor servants.
What a terrible life
—
just cleaning and
cooking for other people all the
time!
Man: But you hate
housework!
Woman:
Yes,
I
know,
but
there
are
lots
of
machines
now
to
help
you
with
the
housework.
People don't need servants.
Man:
Maybe
they
don't,
but
life
then
was
much
slower
than
it
is
now-people
nowadays
are always rushing, and
they never have time to stop and enjoy
themselves.
Woman:
Life
then
was
fine
for
the
rich,
but
it
was
dreadful
for
the
poor.
There
was
much
more
illness.
They
didn't
have
the
money
to
pay
doctors,
and
they
often
used to die of illnesses that don't
exist in England now.
Man:
Maybe. But people used to talk to each other, play
the piano or play cards
together.
Nowadays
people
just
sit
in
front
of
the
television
for
hours
and
never talk to
each other.
Woman:
I agree with you
about television; but what about their children? They left
their
Children with the servants all day. Children
hardly ever saw their
parents! And the
clothes they had to wear! Horrible, tight,
uncomfortable,
grown-up clothes.
Children have a much better life now than they
used to,
and schools and education are
much better too.
Man: I hate
school.
Woman: And look at
opportunities for women. In those days, women used
to stay at
home, play the piano,
change their clothes several times a day and
have
tea
parties.
What a life! They didn't have any freedom at all.
I'm very happy
living now. I can work,
have a career, do what I want to.
Man: You mean you can work hard all
your life like a Victorian servant.
Woman: Life isn't all tea parties, you
know.
Task 6
【答案】
A.
1) b 2) a 3) c 4) a
B.
1) family unit;
process; change; used to be; the extended; the
nuclear
2) job
patterns;
progressed; agricultural;
industrial;
forced; job opportunities;
split up
3) traditional; family; expanded; other
living arrangements
C.
1)
mother,
father,
children,
and
some
other
relatives,
such
as
grandparents,
living
in the same house or nearby
2)
only the parents and the children
3)
previously
married
men
and
women
marry
again
and
combine
the
children
from
former
marriages into a new family
【原文】
The American family unit is in the
process of change. There used to be mainly
two types of
families: the extended and the nuclear.
The extended family most often included
mother, father, children, and some
other relatives, such as grandparents, living
in
the
same
house
or
nearby.
Then
as
job
patterns
changed
and
the
economy
progressed
from agricultural to
industrial, people were forced to move to
different parts of
the country for job
opportunities. These moves split up the extended
family. The
nuclear family became more
prevalent; this consisted of only the parents and
the
children. Now besides these two
types of traditional groupings, the word
is being expanded to include a variety
of other living arrangements.
Today's family can be made up of diverse
combinations. With the divorce rate
nearly one in two, there is an increase
in single parent homes: a father or mother
living
with
one
or
more
children.
families
occur
when
previously
married
men
and
women
marry
again
and
combine
the
children
from
former
marriages
into
a
new
family. On the other hand, some couples
are deciding not to have any children at
all, so there is an increase in
childless families. There are also more people who
live alone: single, widowed, divorced.
Now one in five Americans lives alone.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
Study subjects like history or
English
Study engineering
Go to university to get good
jobs
Look for a good job
because they want a good
husband
Look
for
a
good
job
because
they
want
to
be
successful
Work for a lifetime
Work up to ten years
Get married by twenty-seven
Cook the meals
Look
after the children
Go out for a
drink after work
Come home by
four o'clock in the afternoon
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Men
√
√
Women
Both
√
B.
1) c 2) c 3) a
4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c
【原文】
In Japan both
men and women go to university and both men and
women study the
arts such as history or English. But
very few women study science, medicine or
engineering.
In
engineering
classes
of
thirty
or
forty
students,
there
may
be
only
one or two women. Men and
women both go to university in order to get good
jobs:
men want to work for a big
company, be successful, earn a lot of money and
support
a
family;
women,
on
the
other
hand,
want
to
work
for
a
big
company
because
they
have
a better chance
of meeting a successful man and
getting married. This is changing,
however, as
Japanese
women begin to think
about
their own careers. They
have began
to take jobs which
they like rather than jobs in order to find a
husband.
Men work for their
whole lives and usually stay with the same
company. A woman
may work up to ten
years, but after that she usually gets married.
Most women are
married
by
the
age
of
twenty
seven,
then
they
stay
at
home
and
look
after
the
children.
A man does not cook or look after the
children. When he comes home, his meal must
be
ready.
The
woman
may
go
out
in
the
afternoon,
shopping
with
her
friends
or
having
a chat, but she must
go
back
home by
four o'clock to
prepare
the
meal. Then she may
have to wait a long time for her
husband to come home. Often he has to go out for
a drink after work: if he doesn't he
may not rise very high in the company. After
her
children
grow
up,
a
woman
can
go
back
to
work,
but
it
is
not
easy.
If
her
former
company
takes
older
women
back,
she
might
be
lucky.
But
most
women
find
it
difficult
to find a job when
they are older.
Task 8
【答案】
A.
1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c
6) b 7) c 8) b
B.
1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7)
F 8) F 9) T 10) F
【原文】
Matthew: Geth, how do people set about
getting married in England?
Geth:
I
suppose
the
most
common
way
is
still
for
people
to
go
home.
For
example,
people who live in London now will go
back to their homes in the provinces
where they'll meet all their relatives
and their parents, and they'll get
married in a church, with the bride
wearing white, the traditional white.
Then they'll go off and have a booze-up
with their relatives and friends
and a
jolly good time will be had by all. Otherwise you
can get married in
a
registry
office,
which
means
you
turn
up
with
your
bride-to-be
or
bridegroom-to-be with two witnesses
only. The ceremony takes about five
minutes, I suppose. You sign the form
and that's it.
Matthew: There
are many today who say that marriage is a complete
waste of time.
What's your view of
marriage in the twentieth century?
Goth:
Well,
I
live
in
London
as
you
know.
I
think
in
London,
the
tendency
is
to...
for a... boy and girl, man or woman to
live together before marriage and
often
to
live
together
without
any
prospect
of
marriage
at
all.
I
think
this
probably is... is true of London and
the other big cities than elsewhere,
because
after
all
people
in
London
are
living
in
a
big
place
where
home
ties
are
obviously
less
restrictive.
They
can
do
more
or
less
as
they
please
and
I think this
is the pattern.
Matthew: But do
you think it helps for people to live together
before taking their
vows?
Geth: I think in a sense the habit
of living together before marriage may, in
a
strange
sort
of
way,
make
marriage
stronger,
because
after
all
the
people
will
know
each
other
better
when
they
do
get
married
and
it
might
be
suggested
that divorce would be less likely
between such a couple.
Matthew:
Sue,
you've
been
married
for
two
or
three
years
now.
How's
it
working
out?
Sue: I think
it's
a
successful
marriage. It's... I
mean, it's difficult to
say
why,
because
we
basically
suit
each
other
very
much.
We
have
a
good
friendship, apart from anything else,
and, you know, we just go together
very
well because we respect each other's freedom and
individuality, but
on the other hand we
really need each other, you know, it's...
Matthew: What about.., have you thought
of having children?
Sue:
Well, obviously, like most young couples, we have
thought about it, but,
you
know,
we
both
feel
rather,
sort
of,
loath
to
lose
our
freedom
just
yet.
I think we'll probably wait
another few years.
Matthew: Is
it easy in England today to people to get
divorced, or is that quite
difficult?
Chris: I
think technically it's probably fairly easy, I
think, because I'm not
English
but,
I
think
technically
it's
fairly
easy
to
be...
to
get
divorced.
But
it's
not
just
the
technicality
of
it
which
is
the
problem.
Divorce
is...
is a social
stigma which people can probably Cope with to
varying degrees,
but
it's
also
a
lot
easier
for
the
man
because
the
woman,
after
she
is
divorced
is,
in
fact,
frowned
upon
by...
by
a
lot
of
people
in
society.
She
is...
is...
at
a...
a
much
more
difficult
social
position
in
terms
of...
of
meeting
other
men, or
whatever, simply because she is a divorcee.
Task 9
【原文】
Social
customs
and
ways
of
behaving
change.
But
they
do
not
necessarily
always
change
for
the
better.
Things
which
were
considered
impolite
many
years
ago
are
now
acceptable. Just a few years ago, it
was considered impolite behaviour for a man
to smoke on the street. No man who
thought of himself as being a gentleman would
make a fool of himself by smoking when
a lady was in the room.
The
important
thing
to
remember
about
social
customs
is
not
to
do
anything
that
might make other people feel
uncomfortable
—
especially if they are your guests.
There
is
a
story
about
a
rich
nobleman
who
had
a
very
formal
dinner
party.
When
the
food
was
served,
one
of
the
guests
started
to
eat
his
peas
with
a
knife.
Other
guests
were
amused
or
shocked,
but
the
nobleman
calmly
picked
up
his
knife
and
began
eating
in the same way. It would have been bad
manners to make his guest feel foolish or
uncomfortable.
Unit 2
Task
1
【答案】
1)
b 2) a 3) d
【原文】
Texas
was
the
biggest
state
before
Alaska
became
the
forty-ninth
state
in
1959.
One
good
way
to
understand
the
size
of
Texas
is
to
learn
about
its
weather.
Different
parts
of the state have very different kinds of weather.
Laredo is one of the hottest cities in the United States in summer. The best
time to visit Laredo is in winter,
when it is pleasantly warm.
Amarillo
gets
very
cold
in
winter.
Sometimes
there
is
more
snow
in
Amarillo
than
in New York, which is a
northern city. Summers are better, but sometimes
it gets
quite hot. The best time to
visit Amarillo is in the autumn when it is cool.
If anyone asks you about the weather in Texas, ask him, “What part of Texas
do you mean
？”
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1)
T 2) F 3) F
B.
1) d 2) c 3)
c
C.
climate, reputation, extraordinary,
unreliable, dry, wet, clear, dull, hot, cold,
bad, mild
【原文】
Our friend, Nick, whose English gets
better and better, declared solemnly the
other day that he thought that the
British climate was wonderful, but the British
weather
was
terrible.
He
went
on
to
explain
by
pointing
out
that
the
British
climate
was a temperate one.
This meant, he said,
the
weather
would
never
be
extreme
—
at
any
rate
not
for
any
length
of
time
—
never
very hot and never very
cold.
Britain,
according
to
the
statistics,
was
not
very
heavy.
then,
he
asked,
the British climate such a bad
reputation?
of the extraordinary,
unreliable weather. There was no part of the year
at which
you could be certain that the
weather would be dry or wet, clear or dull, hot or
cold. A bad day in July could be as
cold as a mild day in January. Indeed you could
feel
cold
at
almost
any
time
of
the
year.
Nick
blamed
drafty
British
houses
for
this,
but agreed you
could also blame the small amount of sunshine and
a great amount of
dampness. He advised
every student coming to Britain to bring an
umbrella and to
understand the meaning
of that splendid word
Task 3
【答案】
I.
the country;
Trees, grass, lakes and steams
II.
A.
1. concrete, iron, steel
2. take in the heat during the day and
throw off heat into the air at night
B. Warmer winters, car engines;
electrical appliance
Ⅲ
.
A. air pollution may stop sunlight from
reaching the earth
B.
1. Ice near the North and South poles
to melt
2. to be slowly flooded
and people living in these cities to move to
higher land
【原文】
Cities change the climate around you.
In the country, there are trees, grass,
lakes, and streams. In hot weather, the
trees and grass cool the area around them.
Lakes and rivers also cool the area
around them.
But cities are
not cooled in these natural ways. Cities are built
of asphalt,
concrete, iron, and
steel. There are few trees and usually
not much grass. Rain falls onto the streets
and into the sewers.
When the summer sun shines, streets and buildings
take in the heat; after the
sun sets,
the streets and buildings throw off heat into the
street. Once the sun
sets, the
countryside cools off, but a city may stay hot all
night.
Cities
are
hotter
than
the
countryside
in
winter,
too.
Standing
near
a
car
with
its
motor
running,
winter
or
summer,
you
will
feel
the
heat
thrown
off
by
the
engine.
The
heat comes from the gasoline burned by the engine.
This heat warms the air and
the ground
around the car. Thousands of running cars are
almost like thousands of
small fires
burning.
Carefully put your
hand near a light bulb or television set. As you
can see,
electricity creates a lot of
heat. This heat from electricity warms the house
and
the outside air.
The heat given off by cities can
affect the
climate. Some experts even believe
that
cities
can
change
the
climate
of
the
whole
world.
They
think
that
air
pollution
may stop sunlight from
reaching the
earth. If
less sunshine
reaches the
earth,
the
earth may become cooler.
Still
other
experts
think
the
world
will
get
warmer.
If
the
world
did
get
warmer,
great
changes
would
occur.
Ice
near
the
North
and
South
poles
would
melt.
This
would
make the oceans rise. Cities near
oceans
—
like Los Angeles, Boston, and Miami
—
would
slowly
be
flooded.
People
living
in
these
cities
would
have
to
move
to
higher
land.
Task 4
【答案】
A.
1)
b 2) c
B.
night, delight; morning, warning; gray, way, red, head
C.
1) F 2) T 3) F
【原文】
A
red
sky
at
either
dusk
or
dawn
is
one
of
the
spectacular
and
beautiful
weather
predictors
we
have
in
nature.
By
closely
observing
this
phenomenon,
you
can
achieve
short-range
accuracy
of
the
weather
as
good
as,
or
better
than
your
local
weatherman.
In the Bible, Jesus in Matthew 16,
2-
3 is quoted as saying, “When it is evening,
it
will
be
fair
weather:
for
the
sky
is
red.
And
in
the
morning
it
will
be
foul
weather
today: for the sky is red
” when speaking to the Pharisees. An old English weather
proverb based on this passage
is:
Red sky at night, sailors
delight.
Red sky at morning,
sailors take warning.
Or
Evening red
and morning gray,
Sends the
traveler on his way.
Evening
gray, morning red,
Brings
the rain down on his head.
At dusk,
a red sky indicates
that dry weather is on the way.
This is
due to the
sun shining
through dust particles being pushed ahead of a
high pressure system
bringing
in
dry
air.
A
red
sky
in
the
morning
is
due
to
the
sun
again
shining
through
dust.
In
this
case
however,
the
dust
is
being
pushed
on
by
an
approaching
low
reassure
system
bringing in moisture. Don't confuse a red sky in
the morning with a red sun
in
the
morning.
If
the
sun
itself
is
red
and
the
sky
is
a
normal
color,
the
day
will
be fair.
Task 5
【答案】
1)
c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) c
【原文】
Mark: I am an avid fly fisherman and
frequently find myself on the river
in
a
raft
during
lightning
storms.
We
always
have
a
debate
at
these
times
on
where
we
are
safest
—
pulling
into
shore
or
staying
on
the
water.
Since
I
have
heard
one
is
safe
in
a
car
when
lightning
strikes
I
wonder
if
the
raft
floating
on
the
water
is
insulated,
and
therefore
the safest
place to be.
Meteorologist A: We
spoke with some scientists about your question,
and they all
agreed that under no
circumstances should you remain on the water
during
a
lightning
storm.
If
your
raft
is
made
of
rubber,
you
might
feel that
you're .well insulated, but don't kid yourself.
Typical
lightning
flashes
travel
10
to
15
kilometers
and
can
deliver
as
much
as
100,000 amps of current. In comparison, a toaster
uses about 10
amps of current. If
lightning strikes the water near you, it will
have
no
trouble
traveling
through
a
few
extra
centimeters
of
rubber.
Meteorologist B: So, if you're on the
water and a thunderstorm approaches, get to
the
shore
and
seek
shelter
on
land.
Try
a
building
or
car.
If
neither
is
available,
look
for
a
cave,
cliff,
wall,
or
a
group
of
trees.
Never
take shelter under an isolated tree-
it's also a good target for
lightning.
Task 6
【答案】
A.
1)
F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T
B.
Incredible,
one
minute,
one
kilometer,
destroyed,
lifted
up,
carried
away,
killed,
injured
【原文】
Every spring and summer many inland
areas are hit by tornados. A tornado is a
kind
of
storm.
It's
a
revolving,
funnel-shaped
column
of
air
that
moves
through
the
sky
at
very
high
speeds.
A
tornado
looks
like
a
huge,
black
ice
cream
cone
whirling
through the sky. The
speed of a tornado is very fast-it is believed to
be between
200 and 700 kilometers per
hour.
Tornados
form
under
very
special
weather
conditions,
and
these
special
weather
conditions occur most often in inland
areas, such as the central United States. A
tornado forms when a layer of warm, dry
air is on top of a layer of cooler, moist
air.
This
combination
of
dry,
warm
air
above
wet,
cool
air
creates
a
condition
that
causes the lower layer of
air to lift up. As the lower air rises, both
layers of
air
begin
to
rotate,
to
turn
around
and
around.
The
air
begins
to
rotate
faster
and
faster
because
of
centrifugal
force.
The
tornado
has
a
center
called
an
“eye”
and
the air rotates
quickly around this eye.
As
the
air
begins
to
rotate
faster
and
faster,
the
tornado
cloud
begins
to
grow
downward;
that
is,
it
begins
to
form
a
funnel
or
cone,
and
this
cone
goes
down
toward
the
ground.
The
cone
of
air
is
dark
because
it
develops
from
a
dark
rain
cloud.
As
the
cloud
gets
longer,
as
the
cloud
gets
closer
to
the
ground,
it
begins
to
pull
up
dirt
from
the ground.
Then the funnel of
rotating
air
becomes
very
dark
because
of
the
dirt
in
it.
As
the
tornado
funnel
gets
longer, it begins to drag along the
ground.
When the tornado
touches the ground, it does incredible damage. It
usually
touches
the
ground
for
only
about
one
minute,
and
it
usually
travels
along
the
ground
for
only
about
one
kilometer,
but
during
that
one
minute,
buildings
are
destroyed,
trees
are
lifted
up
out
of
the
ground,
small
objects
are
carried
away,
and
sometimes
people are injured or
killed.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
1) b 2) a 3) b
B.
1) It has been nice weather during the
day, but it is going to change at night.
2) Fine weather in southern Europe and
not so nice in northern Europe
For today
Southeast
England---26 degrees Celsius by mid-
afternoon
Southern Scotland---
Maximum temperatures of around 21 degrees
Brighton---15 hours of lovely
sunshine
Midlands---23 degrees
Celsius by early afternoon
Northwest of Scotland---Light showers
around midday
For the
weekend
Spain---34 degrees
Celsius
Greece---32 degrees
Celsius
France---Cloudy with
rain, maximum temperatures of 22 degrees
Northern Ireland---Heavy rain, 17
degrees Celsius
Most of England
---Cloudy but mainly dry with sunny periods, 23
degrees Celsius
【原文】
Radio Announcer: You
’
re listening to Radio Metro. It
’
s two minutes to nine, and
time
for
the
latest
weather
for
cast
from
Dan
Francis
at
the
London
Weather
Centre.
Francis: Hello.
It's been another warm and fine day for most of
us. Temperatures
in
southeast
England
reached
26
degrees
Celsius
by
mid-afternoon,
and
Brighton
had
15 hours of lovely sunshine.
Further north it was a little cooler with maximum
temperatures of around 21 degrees in
southern Scotland, and in the far northwest
of
Scotland
there
were
some
light
showers
around
midday.
But
the
rest
of
the
country,
as
I
said,
has
been
warm
and
dry
with
temperatures
in
the
Midlands
reaching
23
degrees
Celsius by early
afternoon though it was a little cooler along the
west coast and
in Northern Ireland. But
already the weather is beginning to change, I'm
afraid,
and
during
the
night
showers
will
slowly
move
in
from
the
Atlantic
to
reach
south-west
England and the
southern coast of Wales by early morning.
The rest of the country will have a
very mild, dry night with minimum temperatures
no lower
than 15
degrees in the south, a
little
cooler
—
11degrees or so
—
in the
north.
Any
remaining
showers
in
northwest
Scotland
will
pass
quickly
to
leave
a
mild,
dry night there
too.
And now the outlook for
Friday and the weekend. Well, southern Europe
will, once
again,
get
the
best
of
the
weekend
weather,
and
if
your
holiday
starts
this
weekend,
then southern Spain is
the place to go, with temperatures of 34 degrees
along the
Mediterranean
coast.
At
the
eastern
end
of
the
Med,
too,
you
can
expect
uninterrupted
sunshine
and
temperatures
of
up
to
32
degrees
Celsius
in
Greece
and
southeast
Italy,
but
further north the weather's not so settled. Much
of France, Belgium and the
Netherlands
will be cloudy with occasional rain, and maximum
temperatures will be
around 22 degrees
—
very disappointing for this time of the year.
Scotland and
Northern Ireland will have heavy rain for much of
the weekend and
temperatures
will
drop
to
a
cool
17
degrees.
Across
most
of
England
the
weather
will
be cloudy but mainly dry with sunny
periods. And when the sun does come out,
temperatures could rise to a maximum of
23 degrees.
Task 8
【答案】
Natural Phenomena
Air
Causes
Pressure
(Rise
or
Fall)
are
Fall
The
dust
particles
begin
to
settle
to
the
ground
in
thinner
air
and
the
air
clears.
Instead of
traveling upward and outward
into
the
atmosphere
they
are
bent
back
to
the earth and their range
extended.
The methane is trapped
in the bottom of
the swamp because of
the thick air.
Birds prefer to
fly where the air is the
densest
and
they
can
get
greater
lift
with
their wings
Smoke
rises with thicker air.
The
gas
in
our
bodies
expands
in
lower
air
pressure.
Faraway
focused.
objects
Birds
’
calls
Sharper.
become
Fall
Swamp
doesn
’
t smell very
Rise
strong.
Bird fly high.
Rise
Smoke rise high in
the air
Rise
Elderly
people
’
s
joints
Fall
ache.
【原文】
As the air pressure around you either
rises or falls, many changes in nature
occur. Most of these are very obvious
changes while others are of a more subtle
nature.
Mountains
and other far away objects will appear to be much
closer and more
sharply focused as wet
weather approaches and the air pressure drops. The
dust
particles
in
the
air
begin
to
settle
to
the
ground
and
the
air
clears,
allowing
you
to
see
more
details
of
faraway
objects.
As
a
high
pressure
front
approaches
and
the
air
becomes
“thicker,”
more
dust
particles
become
suspended
in
air
and
things
take
on their normal somewhat hazy
appearance.
“Sharp
horns
on
the
moon
threaten
bad
weather.”
This
and
a
bright,
clear
moo
n
are
good
indicators
that
wet
weather
is
on
the
way.
As
the
air
clears
of
dust
particles
ahead
of
a
low
pressure
system,
the
moon
appears
to
come
closer
and
be
more
sharply
focused due
to the lack of dust.
Sound also
becomes sharper and more focused prior to stormy
weather. Instead
of traveling upward
and outward into the atmosphere sound waves are
bent back to
the earth and their range
extended. Bird calls sound sharper, and, at my
house, we
can hear the blowing of the
train horn as it rumbles through the valley
below.
If you find yourself out
in a marsh or swamp and the air really seems to
stink
more than normal, expect rainy
weather. This happens when the pressure drops and
the methane trapped on the bottom of
the swamp is released in greater quantities.
In reverse, as fair weather approaches
and the pressure rises, things won't smell
quite so strong.
Birds and bats have a tendency to fly
much lower to the ground right before a
rain due to the “thinning” of the air.
They prefer to fly where the air is the
most dense and they can get greater
lift with their wings. With high pressure and
dry
air,
the
atmosphere
becomes
denser
and
they
can
easily
fly
at
higher
altitudes.
Smoke
rising
straight
into
the
air
means
fair
weather
and
smoke
hanging
low
means
rain is on the way. This is pretty much
the same as with the birds and methane in
the
swamp.
When
high
pressure
approaches,
smoke
will
rise
whereas
with
low
pressure
it can't rise and tends
to lay low.
Remember
a
grandparent
talking
about
how
their
corns,
bunions,
or
joints
ached
right before a rain?
Again, this is due to the decreasing atmospheric
pressure
allowing the gas in our bodies
to expand.
Task 9
【答案】
A.
Statements 3, 6, 7 are true.
B.
f
—
c< /p>
—
a
—
d
—
b
—
e
C.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F
D.
1)
d 2) b
【原文】
It
was
1974.
Richard
Nixon
was
still
president.
Kidnapped
heiress
Patty
Hearst
was
still
missing.
In
Xenia,
a
pretty
spot
of
25,000
people
amid
fields
of
soybeans
and corn, American Graffiti was held
over at the Cinema. The Xenia Hotel offered
a chicken and dumpling dinner for
$$2.25, but everyone flocked to the A&W drive-in
for burgers and root beer floats.
That's where five of the bodies were found after
the storm.
In
all,
33
people
died
in
Xenia's
tornado,
the
deadliest
of
148
storms
that
raged
through 13 states during the infamous
April 3 to 4,
1974.
In
16
hours
and
10
minutes,
330
people
were
killed
and
nearly
5,550
were
injured
from Illinois to Georgia.
Though
the
Xenia
death
toll
has
been
matched
by
other
killer
storms,
the
degree
of
devastation
makes
the
city's
tornado
among
U.S.
history's
most
destructive.
The
storm still is studied in
colleges by aspiring meteorologists, a textbook
case of
a rare Category F-5, the most
intense of tornadoes.
On
that
fateful
day,
I
was
a
young
boy
of
8
years
old.
We
lived
in
the
Arrowhead
Subdivision.
That
afternoon
I
was
around
the
corner
playing
with
some
neighbor
kids.
I thought
I could hear my father calling me, so I ran back
to the house. Thinking
back now, there
is no way I would have been able to hear him. I
was too far away
for a voice to have
traveled in the afternoon noise. Besides, Dad had
a very bad
case of tonsillitis that
day. Like I was saying, I went back home and got
through
the door just in time to answer
the ringing phone. On the other end of the phone
was my Mother. Mom was working. She
told me she heard a bad storm was on the way.
She told me to make sure the garage
door was shut and to stay inside. After I hung
up the phone, I settled down to watch
The Dennis Show
. To this day
I can vividly
remember
the
electricity
going
out.
I
looked
out
the
large
window
in
the
living
room
and didn't
have a clue as to what I was looking at.
Dad was asleep
on the couch, so I woke him up to look. Dad looked
and said to
get into the bathroom. We
sat on the floor. Dad had his back to the door and
his
feet pushing against the wall
opposite the door. I remember that as soon as we
sat
down, the windows broke. Glass blew
under the door, and the sound was tremendous.
I
know
it
really
didn’t
take
too
long
for
the
tornado
to
go
past,
but
I
do
remember
the
conversation
we
had
in
the
process.
I
could
feel
the
cool
air
rushing
under
the
floor through the crawlspace vents. I
asked if we were flying. He said he wasn't
sure,
but
he
didn't
think
we
were.
He
said
the
house
was
tearing
apart.
I
asked
him
how he knew. He
said he just knew it was.
When
things calmed down, we opened the door. The odd
feeling I had, looking up
the street
from inside what once was my hallway, is still
with me today.
I
think
back
often
to
that
day.
I
think
back
and
wonder
what
would
have
happened
if my Dad
hadn't been sick that day. Like a lot of kids, I
stayed home by myself
after school back
then. I seriously doubt I would be able to tell
you my story, if
I had been alone that
day. I still live in Xenia and
wouldn
’
t trade this town for
any other.
Task
10
【原文】
Undoubtedly,
Tibet
is
one
of
the
harshest
places
for
human
existence.
It
is
cool
in summer but freezing cold in winter.
In Lhasa, the mildest city temperature may
exceed
29C
in
summer
while
plummeting
to
-16C
in
winter!
Sun
radiation
is
extremely
strong
in
Tibet.
The
sunlight
in
Lhasa
is
so
intense
that
the
city
is
called
Sunlight
City. The
thin air can neither block off nor retain heat so
that the temperature
extremes can be
met in daytime and the same night respectively in
Tibet. However
it
is
not
impossible
to
visit
the
holy
snow
land.
April
to
October
is
the
best
time
to
visit
Tibet,
out
of
the
coldest
months,
which
are
from
December
to
February
usually.
The
average
temperature
in
north
Tibet
is
subzero
and
winter
arrives
in
October
until
the
following May or June. July and August are the
best time to visit the area,
enjoying
warm
temperature,
intense
sunshine,
beautiful
scenery
and
festive
events.
May, June and September is the tourist
season in east Tibet. In winter, roads are
all blocked by heavy snow. Landslides
and rock falls frequently occur, which will
make travel difficult.
Unit 3
Task 1
【答案】
A.
1)
Stress
on
the
job
costs
American
companies
as
much
as
$$150
billion
a
year
in
lower
productivity, unnecessary
employee sick leave, and higher medical
costs.
2)
The
most
stressful
professions
are
those
that
involve
danger
and
extreme
pressure
and those that carry a
lot of responsibility without much control.
3) The best way to deal with stress is
through relaxation, but sometimes the only
answer is to fight back or walk
away.
B.
1) Three-quarters
2) psychologists, doctors
3) nervousness, anger, frequent
illness, forgetfulness, mental problems
【原文】
Stress on the
job costs American companies as much as $$150
billion a year in
lower productivity,
unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher
medical costs.
Three-quarters of the
office workers today say they suffer from stress
at work.
Recently, psychologists and
doctors have begun to study the problem more
closely.
They have discovered that the
most stressful professions are those that involve
danger,
extreme
pressure
and
those
that
carry
a
lot
of
responsibility
without
much
control.
The sign of
stress range from nervousness, anger, and frequent
illness to
forgetfulness or even mental
problems. The best
way to deal with stress
is through
relaxation, but
sometimes the only answer is to fight back or walk
away.
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1)
give in so easily to hijackers
’
demands
a) threaten to blow up a plane, commit
some other outage
b)
hold
out
against
this
kind
of
blackmail,
always
have
terrorists,
Start
executing
terrorists
automatically
c)
be prepared to face the consequences of evil
2)
a)
It
’
s
the
lesser
of
two
evils.
Terrorists
have
proven
often
enough
that
they
really
mean business.
b)
Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.
B.
She
implies
that
if
the
first
speaker
was
one
of
the
victims
of
terrorism,
she
would
want the government to give in to the
demands so that she wouldn
’
t die.
【原文】
Margaret:
Governments
give
in
so
easily
to
hijackers’
demands
.
A
hijacker
only
has
to
threaten
to
blow
up
a
plane
or
commit
some
other
outrage,
and
a
government
gives in to his
demands.
Valerie: Naturally.
It’s the less
er of the two evils. What government would risk
innocent
lives just to see if terrorists will really do
what they threaten
to do? Terrorists
have proven often enough that they really mean
business.
Margaret:
Yes,
but
i
f
a
government
doesn’t
hold
out
against
this
kind
of
blackmail,
we will
always have terrorists. Governments are afraid to
punish these
people. They almost always
let them go free. Start executing terrorists
automatically wherever they land, and
terrorism will stop.
Valerie:
And
what
about
the
innocent
lives
that
will
be
lost
in
the
process?
Terrorism
is
based
on
the
simple
idea
that
threatening
the
innocent
will
achieve
its
ends.
Margaret:
You
can
’
t
get
rid
of
evil
without
being
prepared
to
face
the
consequences
of evil.
Valerie: So long as
you
’
re not one of the victims!
Task 3
【答案】
A.
1)
thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy
2) Mexico
3)
ought to, shouldn
’
t
B.
1)
It
is
located
in
a
narrow street
with
five-and six-storey
buildings
eight
kilometers from downtown
Los Angeles.
2) This factory
makes shirts and jeans
3)
She
’
s
already
been
working
for
ten
hours,
but
won
’
t
stop
for
another
two
hours.
4) She can
’
t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.
【原文】
Eight
kilometers
from
downtown
Los
Angeles
there
is
a
narrow
street
with
five-
and six-storey buildings. Inside one of
these buildings there is a small factory
making
shirts and jeans. The women working in the factory sit close together, each
with a small table, each with
their own sewing machine. The women say nothing,
and
work hard. In one of the rooms
there are thirty-five women. There is only a
little
natural
light,
and
this
comes
from
a
small
window
in
the
roof.
The
room
is
hot,
airless,
and
very
noisy.
On
the
left-hand
side
of
the
room
there
is
a
young
girl
sitting
next
to
the
wall.
Every
now
and
again
she
closes
her
eyes,
and
her
fingers
stop
working.
She's already been in
her chair for ten hours, but she'll be here until
the bell
rings
—
and that won't be for another two hours. Her name is Maria, and she comes
from
Mexico.
She
won't
complain
about
her
work.
She
won't
say
that
the
working
hours
ought
to
be
changed;
she
won't
say
that
the
working
conditions
shouldn't
be
permitted.
Task 4
【答案】
A.
Every year the
British government publishes statistics about
social trends. Their
findings show
definite patterns in the British way of
life.
1)
marked differences
a)
one hour more every day, three hours more every week
b)
1
percent,
cleaning
and
ironing,
keep
household
accounts,
do
repairs
or
improvements
c)
30 percent
2)
leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks,
Swimming, British women
B.
Unlike
the
other
couples,
Carla
has
always
kept
her
won
accounts
and
Adrian
has
always
done
his
own
housework.
Neither
of
them
like
watching
television
very
much
and
they
both like
swimming.
【原文】
When Adrian Hutton and Carla Leone get
married they will move into a new house
that they have bought. But what sort of
life will they have? What can they expect
in modern Britain? Every year the
British government publishes statistics about
social trends. Their findings show
definite patterns in the British way of life.
In
most
marriages
there
are
some
marked
differences
between
husbands
and
wives.
Working wives,
for example, sleep (on average) one hour more a
day than working
husbands. Housewives,
on the other hand, sleep only about three hours
more every
week than their working
husbands. And what about housework? The government
survey
showed that only 1% of men do
the household chores
—
like cleaning and ironing.
But they do usually keep
household accounts and it is always men who do
repairs or
improvements in the house.
30% of all marriages end in divorce.
The government survey also looked at
leisure activities. They found that the
two
most
popular
leisure
activities
in
Britain
are
watching
television
(the
average
family
spends
20
hours
a
week
in
front
of
the
TV
set)
and
going
for
walks.
Swimming
is an
especially popular activity among British
women.
Carla and Adrian's life,
though, will probably be different from the
average
marriage. In the first place
Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian
has
always done his own housework.
Neither of them like watching television very much
and they both like swimming.
Task 5
【答案】
A.
Topic: How
a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage
disposal.
Supporting
details:
160
million,
every
year,
10
percent,
10
percent,
the
rest,
public
cooperation
1)
garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and
garden trash
2) electrical
appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys
3) are poisonous, cause pollution,
batteries
4) bottles and glass
containers that can be recycled
5) metal containers that can be
recycled
6) furniture and
bicycled
on
different
days,
on
request,
fertilizer,
to
produce
electricity,
recycled,
cleaned,
repaired, resold
cheaply, give away
B.
1)
The
garbage
will
be
taken
to
a
center
that
looks
like
a
clean
new
office
building
or
hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is
used to sort and process
the
garbage.
2) Official from cities
around the world visit Machida to see whether they
can use
some
of
these
ideas
and
techniques
to
solve
their
own
garbage
disposal
problems.
【原文】
Disposing
of
the
garbage
we
produce
every
day
is
a
major
problem
in
cities
around
the
world.
In
the
United
States,
over
160
million
tons
of
garbage
are
produce
every
year.
Ten
percent
is
recycled,
ten
percent
is
burned,
and
the
rest
is
put
in
landfills.
But finding land for new landfills is
becoming more difficult.
A
city
that
has
solved
this
problem
in
an
unusual
way
is
Machida,
in
Tokyo,
Japan.
They have developed a
totally new approach to garbage disposal. The key
to the
operation
is
public
cooperation.
Families
must
divide
their
garbage
into
six
categories:
1.
garbage that can be easily burned (that is,
combustible garbage) such as
kitchen
and garden trash
?
;
2.
noncombustible
garbage,
such
as
small
electrical
appliances,
plastic
tools,
and
plastic toys
?
;
3.
products that are poisonous or that cause
pollution, such as batteries and
fluorescent
lights
?
;
4.
bottles and glass containers that can be
recycled
?
;
5.
metal containers that can be
recycled
?
;
6.
large items, such as furniture and
bicycles.
The items in
categories1 to 5 are
collected on different days. Large
items are
only collected upon request. Then the
garbage is taken to a center that looks like
a clean new office building or
hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is
used to sort and process the garbage.
Almost everything can be reused: garden or
kitchen
trash
becomes
fertilizer;
combustible
garbage
is
burned
to
produce
electrical;
metal
containers
and
bottles
are
recycled;
and
old
furniture,
clothing,
and
other
useful
items
are
cleaned,
repaired,
and
resold
cheaply
or
given
away.
The
work provides employment for
handicapped person and gives them a chance to
learn
new skills.
Nowadays, officials from cities around
the world visit Machida to see whether
they
can
use
some
of
these
ideas
and
techniques
to
solve
their
own
garbage
disposal
problems.
Task 6
【答案】
1) They were talking about Mrs.
Carter.
2) She was a tall,
handsome woman who used to come into the shop at
least twice a
week.
3)
She
lived
alone
in
a
large
house
on
an
old
farm---about
three
miles
from
the
shop.
4)
He
was
absolutely
certain,
otherwise
he
would
never
call
the
police.
His
evidence
was
this:
First,
he
saw
her
do
it;
second,
he
found
the
things
in
her
bag;
third,
she had done it before.
5) Because two young people saw her.
The shopkeeper believed that if they
didn
’
t
punish her, young
people would think that stealing
didn
’
t matter.
6)
The judge thought that it was difficult case from
a humanitarian point of view.
The
excuses her found for her were: First, the woman
was old and she lived
alone---she was
lonely. Second, she wasn
’
t poor--- she was well-known for her
generosity
to charities and she didn
’
t need to steal. Te items were only worth
a pound
or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she
didn
’
t know that she had
done it.
【原文】
Shopkeeper: I
knew Mrs. Carter very well. She was a tall,
handsome woman who used
to come into
the shop at least twice a week. She lived alone in
a large
house on an old farm
—
about three miles from here. People ask me if I
am
certain
she
did it.
The
answer
is yes. I
was
absolutely
certain,
otherwise I
would never
have called
the police.
In the first
place, I saw
her
do
it.
I
watched
her
put
the
things
into
her
bag
and
I
watched
her
walk
out
of
the
store.
In
the
second
place,
we
found
the
things
in
her
bag,
and
finally,
she
had
done
it
before.
It
wasn't
the
first
time.
I
think
she
was
in
such
a
confused
state
that
she
didn’t
know
what
she
was
doing,
but
two
other people say
her
—
two young people. We had to punish her, otherwise
young people
would think that stealing didn’t matter.
Judge:
It
was
a
difficult
case
from
a
humanitarian
point
of
view.
The
woman
was
old
and she lived alone
—
she was lonely. She was
n’t poor
—
she was well-known
for her
generosity to
charities and
she didn’t
need to
steal. The items were
only
worth a pound or two. She pleaded not guilty and
said she didn’t know
that
she
had
done
it.
From
the
legal
point
of
view
the
case
was
straightforward.
The woman
stole; she was caught and reported. There were
witnesses. She had
to be punished or
else no one could be punished for stealing.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
not all modern cities are alike; modern city.
1) a single
high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as
far as you can see
2)
the
low-density
multi-center
city,
a
large
collection
of
a
number
of
small
centers,
shopping centers, factories,
businesses, skyscrapers
B.
1) He thinks that
the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more
sensible.
2) He considers it
highly likely that the kind of city we know now
will completely
disappear.
【原文】
Interviewer:
Would you say then that all modem cities are
pretty much alike?
Urban
Planner: Quite definitely not. There seem to be
two types of modem city. In
type
one
there
is
a
single
high-density
centre,
and
that's
where
you'll
find
the
skyscrapers.
This
is
surrounded
by
motorways.
And
all
around
this centre, low-density suburbs
stretch as far as you can see. This
is
like Houston, or Calgary, or Toronto. Interviewer:
And the second
type?
Urban Planner: The other type is like
Los Angeles
—
the low-density multi- centre
city. As I'm sure you know Los
Angeles is really a large collection
of
a
number
of
small
centres,
each
with
its
shopping
centres,
factories,
businesses,
and
skyscrapers
scattered
everywhere.
In
a
way
it's
almost
one enormous
suburb.
Interviewer: Do you.
think one type is better than the other?
Urban Planner:
I think the Los Angeles model is more
sensible.
Interviewer: And so
do you think Los Angeles is the city of the
future?
Urban Planner: Well, it
is arguable that the next step after Los Angeles
is the
complete
disappearance
of
the
city,
with
no
real
centre,
where
well-designed forms of urban life-modem
factories and office blocks
which are
clean and quiet, and beautiful forms of rural life
—
the
trees and parks of
suburbs, live side by side.
Interviewer: So are you saying that the city as we
know it will disappear...
Task
8
【答案】
A.
1) He thinks that
this country
’
s problems all come from inflation, which is the
result of
the Democrat
’
s careless spending.
2) No, she
doesn
’
t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem
is unemployment.
If
the
government
cuts
spending
too
much,
people
will
fall
into
a
vicious
circle
of more unemployment and fewer
taxpayers to share the burden.
3)
She
agrees
with Barbara.
She
believes
that
unemployment
is
a
big
problem,
especially
in
the
big
industrial
cities.
And
the
government
isn
’
t
doing
very
much
to
help the big industries out.
4)
He believes in the free market system rather than
government regulation or
protection. He
thinks that without a lot of government
interference everything
will be
okay.
5) No, they think
it
’
s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it
’
s bad
for the underprivileged.
B.
more and more
money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and
higher prices
【原文】
Ned: ... you
know, I think this
country's problems all come from inflation. That's
the
main
cause
of
our
troubles
right
now.
And
what's
causing
the
inflation?
It's
the
reckless
spending
of
the
Democrats!
Every
year
they
spend
more
and
more money, and that money has to come
from somewhere. So we pay it in the
form of higher taxes and higher prices
on the goods we buy.
Barbara:
Well, I'm not sure that I agree with you. It seems
to me that inflation
is
only
one
of
our
problems.
What
about
unemployment?
If
people
don't
have
jobs
because
the
government
cuts
spending
too
much,
they
can't
buy
things;
and
then
you
have
a
vicious
circle
of
more
unemployment
and
fewer
taxpayers
to share the
burden.
Ellen:
You
know,
I
think
Barbara
may
have
something
there.
Unemployment
is
a
big
problem, especially
in the big industrial cities. The auto industry is
fighting for its life right now, and
the government isn't doing very much
to
help it.
Ned: Well, it's true
that the auto industry is in a mess, but I don't
think the
answer is in government
regulation or protection. I believe in the free
market
system
—
let
the
system
work
without
a
lot
of
government
interference,
and everything will be
okay.
Ellen: So the strong
will win, and the weak will be defeated. Is that
what you
mean?
Ned: Well, that's the way it goes. The survival of
the fittest.
Barbara: And too
bad about the weak, the poor, the
unprotected...
Ned:
Now
you're
getting
emotional.
You
have
to
remain
objective
about
these
things.
Let me give
you an example of what I'm talking about...
Task 9
【答案】
A.
1) The
problem is whether or not the inner city
—
the core of most urban areas
—
will manage to survive
at all.
2) They moved to the
suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and
privacy.
3)
As
a
result,
suburbs
began
to
sprawl
out
across
the
countryside.
Many
cities
began
to fall into
disrepair. And many downtown areas existed for
business only.
4)
The
result
was
that
urban
centers
declined
even
further
and
the
suburbs
expanded
still
more.
5) Because from the
decision of the Taylors and many other young
couples, we can
see
that
some
people
may
be
tired
of
spending
long
hours
commuting,
and
they
may
have
begun
to
miss
the
advantages
of
culture
and
companionship
provided
by
city
life.
B.
1) F 2) T 3) F
4) F 5) T 6) T
C.
1) middle-class, tax money,
neighborhoods
2) Crime, public
transportation
3) housing
construction costs, was allowed to,
constructed
【原文】
A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor
thought it might be time to move out of
their New York City apartment to the
suburbs. They had one young son and another
child on the way. But after months of
looking, they became discourage and decided
to
buy
an
old
townhouse
right
in
the
middle
of
Brooklyn,
which
is
a
part
of
New
York
City.
To their delight, they discovered that they
weren’t the only young couple
to
have
made
such
a
decision.
In
fact,
their
entire
area
in
Brooklyn
had
been
settled
by young families. And
as a result, the neighborhood, which
had been declining
for
years, was
now being restored.
Brooklyn isn’t the only city in the
United States to experience this kind of
renewal. So are Philadelphia and . And
Charleston, South Carolina, has so
successfully rebuilt its old
cent
ral area that it now ranks as one of America’s
most
charming
cities.
The
restoration
of
the
old
port
city
of
Savannah,
Georgia,
is
also
living
proof
that
downtown
areas
do
not
need
to
die.
But
encouraging
as
these
developments may be, they are among the
few bright spots in a mass of difficulties
that today’s cities face. Indeed, their
woes are so many that it is fair to ask
whether or not the inner city the core
of most urban areas will manage to survive
at all.
In
the
1940s,
urban
Americans
began
a
mass
move
to
the
suburbs
in
search
of
fresh
air, elbow room,
and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across
the countryside.
Since most of those
making the move were middle-class, they took with
them the tax
money the cities
needed
to maintain
the neighborhoods in which they had
lived.
The
people left in the cities
were often those who were too old or too poor to
move.
Thus, many cities began to fall
into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public
transportation was neglected.( In the
past sixty years San Francisco is the only
city in
the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.)
Meanwhile,
housing
construction
costs
continued
to
rise
higher
and
higher.
Middle-class
housing
was allowed to decay, and little new
housing was constructed.
Eventually,
many
downtown
areas
existed
for
business
only.
During
the
day
they
would
be
filled
with
people
working
in
offices,
and
at
night
they
would
be
deserted.
Given
these
circumstances,
some
business
executives
began
asking,
“Why
bother
with
going downtown at all? Why not move the
offices to the suburbs so that we can live
and work in the same area?” Gradually,
some of the larger companies began moving
out
of
the
cities,
with
the
result
that
urban
centers
declined
even
further
and
the
suburbs
expanded
still
more.
This
movement
of
business
to
the
suburbs
is
not
confined
to
the
United
States.
Businesses
have
also
been
moving
to
the
suburbs
in
Stockholm,
Sweden, in Bonn,
Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well.
But
it
may
well
be
that
this
movement
to
the
suburbs
has
reached
its
peak.
Some
people may be tired of spending long
hours commuting, and they may have begun to
miss
the
advantages
of
culture
and
companionship
provided
by
city
life.
Perhaps
the
decision made by the Taylors is a sign
that people will return to the cities and
begin to restore them. It begins to
look as if suburban sprawl may not have been
the
answer
to
man’s
need
to
create
an
ideal
environment
in
which
to
live
and
work.
Task
10
【答案】
A.
1) 54, 20, 1980,
?70,000.
2) 30,
1980
3) a newspaper article, to
research the market
4) another
few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft
5) third, Canada, America, 20 percent,
?1 million
6) 20, 70, 3
B.
1) F 2)
T 3) F 4)F 5)T
C.
1)
He
was
deeply
involved
in
the
present
job
and
rather
enjoyed
himself.
He
thought
the
shop
was
his
own
little
baby
and
thought
it
was
fun
to
serve
behind
the
counter.
However, he also thought that there was
a lot more hard work than he was used
to;
he
was
working
over
the
weekend
doing
his
books.
He
called
his
old
jo
b
“boring
trips to Manchester to
sell vast quantities of PVC”.
2) He thought that there
are far more job satisfaction; and believed that
he was
making money, rather than making
money for other people.
3)
He
was
about
to
diversify
into
commercial
distribution
of
imported
and
domestically produced wine
and wines he’s produced himself.
【原文】
William Rudd,
54, worked for ICI petrochemicals for 20 years
until 1980 when
he
took
early
retirement
with
&70,000.
He
opened
his
own
delicatessen
and
butcher's
shop in Kensington and
has just bought a second London shop.
I knew about a year before I left
that I was going to go, so I looked around
for
office
jobs.
I
had
one
of
those
frustrating
periods
where
I
nearly
got
some
jobs
but then I didn't. Actually
it was a dinner party conversation which got me
into
the shop. A woman I knew said she
was going to open a delicatessen and thought it
sounded
fun.
So
!
said,
I'll
come
in
with
you.
I'd
always
thought
retailing
would be amusing, after a lifetime of
industrial selling.
We
found
that
the
lease
of
the
building
stipulated
we
had
to
keep
it
as
a
butcher's
and
I
added
fish
and
cheese
and
things
like
that.
I
ended
up
spending
far
more
than
I'd
ever intended.
I didn't
really do much research, except
for fish, about
which I knew nothing.
I
was clearly going to be the person standing behind
the counter filleting, so I
talked
to
one
person
who
showed
me
a
little,
supplied
me,
and
kept
me
under
his
wing
for a little while. But it's quite easy
to learn about fish; once you get used to
gutting salmon you're on your way. Meat
is more difficult; the skill is in the
butchery, so I employ people for that.
I had to learn about equipment by trial and
error.
I started
in July
—
the worst time of the year for a shop like this
—
and the
overdraft
kept
going
up.
That
was
rather
frightening
because
there
was
no
one
between
me and the bank manager. My reaction
early on was that it was bound to come right.
At the same time I was deeply involved
and rather enjoying myself. It was my own
little
baby
and
it
was
fun
to
serve
behind
the
counter
—
completely
different
from
boring
trips
to
Manchester
to
sell
vast
quantities
of
PVC.
There
was
a
lot
more
hard
work
than I was used to; I was working over the weekend
doing my books.
I
remember
my
accountant
saying
to
me
when
I
was
starting
up,
are
you
going
to do for mental
stimulation?
in the sheer terror of
losing
money: I couldn't have
conceived of doing this 20 years ago. It was a
great leap
in the dark. I don't
know if I'm brave or foolish, or a bit
of both I suppose. But I do know that if I'd
listened to anyone I would never have
done it.
Les
Shield, 30, a boiler technician, was made
redundant from British Steel at
Consett
in 1980. 145'th Mike Heywood, a Consett transport
manager made redundant
at the same
time, he started British Brewing Products,
manufacturing
beer kits and
now diversifi2ing into wine
production.
I read a
newspaper article about a company which had done
quite well in home
brew,
and
I
started
to
research
the
market
18
months
before
the
closure
at
Consett.
By
the
time
the
steelworks
were
due
to
close
I
had
a
business
plan
ready.
We
bought
some
products
which
we
had
made
for
us
and
went
out
into
the
wilds
of
Yorkshire
and
Lancashire and sold them as a test. It
took two months before we got any repeat
business and that was a nail-biting
period. It took another few months to fend
premises and to get financial
assistance from BSC industry and the bank. We went
into production in April 1981
manufacturing home-brewing kits in a 1,500 sq ft
factory.
Let's
face it, in this area, there wasn't a lot of
choice. You could sit and
vegetate
and
spend
your
redundancy
money,
you
could
move
away
and
find
new
employment,
or you could use your redundancy money
to sink or swim.
We're swimming.
We're actually doing very well. I like being self-
employed;
there's
far
more
job
satisfaction.
You
know
that
at
the
end
of
the
day
you're
getting
the full value, personally, of the work
you do. That's what you're in business for
—
to
make
money,
rather
than
make
money
for
other
people.
It
was
obviously
a
strain
when I spent 5 days a week training,
but after 18 months, we were able to afford
our first salesman.
I think my wife was happy for me to do what I've
done. She accepted that there
would
be
a
certain
amount
of
stress
during
the
early
days,
but
she
probably
realized
that if
I was successful the rewards would be there at the
end of the day.
We're now in
our third factory since we started. We export our
products to the
Republic
of
Ireland,
Canada
and
America;
exports
account
for
20
percent
of
production.
Our turnover will
exceed &1 million for the first time this
year.
We're
about
to
diversify
into
commercial
distribution
of
imported
and
domestically
produced
wine
and
wines
we're
producing
ourselves.
We
employ
20
people
at the moment
but that will rise to 70 in the next 3
months.
Task 11
【原文】
I could hear the
guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the
platform and up
to
the
train.
Luckily
someone
saw
me
coming,
a
door
opened,
and
I
jumped
on
while
the train was moving out of the
station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard
work!” I was sure the other passengers
could hear my heart beating; it was so
loud, and I was in a cold sweat.
After
a
while,
I
recovered,
and
had
a
look
at
the
other
passengers.
The
compartment
was
full,
but
I
was
the
only
one
standing.
The
people
in
the
carriage
turned their eyes away as they noticed
me looking at them; all except one, a
beautiful woman sitting in the corner.
I saw her watching me in the mirror.
Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She
had seen me running for the train: maybe
this was my lucky day after all. I
prepared to say hello.
She
spoke
first,
however.
“Would
you
like
my
seat?”
she
asked.
“You
look
rather
ill.” That was the day on which I
realized I was getting middle
-aged.
Unit 4
Task 1
【答案】
1) They were
orphans and had nobody to support them.
2)
Each
boy
was
given
only
one
bowl
of
gruel
for
supper
and
no
more
—
far
from
enough.
3)
They
boys
were
so
hungry
that
they
could
not
bear
it
any
more.
They
decided
that
tone of them must ask the
master for more gruel. Olive Twist was chosen by
casting
lots.
4)
He
never
thought
that
any
boy
would
dare
to
ask
for
more
food
than
the
given
portion.
Therefore, he was both
surprised and angry on hearing
Oliver
’
s request.
5) He was struck on the head by the
master and pushed out of the room. And for a
week Olive remained prisoner in the
cellar.
【原文】
Oliver Twist had no parents and lived
in the workhouse.
The
room
in
which
the
boys
had
their
food
was
a
large
stone
hall.
Each
boy
was
given
one
bowl
of
gruel
and
no
more.
The
bowls
never
needed
washing.
The
boys
polished
them with their spoons.
But still the boys were hungry.
Oliver
Twist
and
the
other
boys
suffered
from
slow
starvation
for
three
months.
At
last
they
got
so
wild
with
hunger
that
one
of
the
boys,
who
was
tall
for
his
age,
said:
wild
hungry
eyes
and
the
boys
believed
him.
The
boys
gathered
and
thought
of
a
plan.
gruel,
the master and ask for more.
So they
cast lots.
The lot fell
to Oliver Twist. He
had
to go up to the
master
and ask for more
gruel.
The
evening came. The boys took their places and
quickly ate up their gruel.
Then they
looked at Oliver. He rose from his place, bowl and
spoon in hand, went
up to the master
and said,
healthy man, but he turned
pale.
Oliver repeated:
The
master struck Oliver on the head and pushed him
out of the room.
For a week
Oliver remained a prisoner in the cellar.
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1) F 2) F 3) T
B.
1) d 2) b
【原文】
Mark
Twain
was
a
famous
American
writer.
There
were
many
stories
about
him.
One
day
Mark Twain was fishing. A stranger came
along.
I'm
the
game
warden
of
this
county,
said
the
stranger.
is
not
allowed here.
Mark Twain paused a minute. Then
he asked:
Task 3
【答案】
A.
Name:
Lewis Carroll
Occupation:
mathematics; Oxford University
Literary works:
Alice
’
s Adventures in Wonderland
; 1865;
Through the Looking-Glass
;
1871
B.
These
stories are about a dream world in which Alice
meets strange creatures and
has
interesting adventures.
【原文】
Which would
you rather be? A mathematician or
a
writer? Perhaps
you will never
be
faced
with
this
kind
of
choice.
Lewis
Carroll
was
both
a
mathematician
and
a
writer.
He was a lecturer in
mathematics at Oxford University. But he is better known as
the
author
of
two
of
the
most
famous
children
’
s
books
that
have
ever
been
written:
Alice
’
s
Adventures
in
Wonderland
and
Through
the
Looking- Glass
.
The
author
’
s
real
name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, but
he preferred to use the pen-name
“
Lewis
Carroll
”
when he wrote
Alice
’
s Adventures in Wonderland
and this is the name we
remember him by.
Alice
’
s Adventures in Wonderland
was published in 1865, when
its author was
33
years
old;
it
was
followed
by
Through
the
Looking-Glass
in
1871.
Both
books
were
written
for
a
real
girl
called
Alice,
but
they
have
been
read
by
millions
of
children
since
they
were
first
published.
These
stories
are
about
a
dream
world
in
which
Alice
meets strange creatures and has
interesting adventures . I
’
m sure you know this
already, but if you
don
’
t, you had better read the stories yourselves.
Task
4
【答案】
the
Greeks, closed the gates of the city and stayed
behind the walls, the Greeks,
a
huge
wooden
horse,
hide
inside
it,
the
horse,
they
stopped,
hid
their
ships,
Greek
prisoner, the horse, The Greek
soldiers, the wooden horse
【原文】
Many, many years
ago there was a war between the Greeks and the
Trojans. The
Greek ships sailed up to the city of
Troy. When the Trojans saw the Greek ships,
they
closed
the
gates
of
their
city
and
stayed
behind
the
walls.
The
Greeks
attacked
the
city
many
times,
but
could
not
take
it.
Then
one
of
the
Greeks
thought
of
a
plan.
The Greeks made a big wooden horse and
had some soldiers hide inside the horse. In
the
morning
the
Greeks
burned
their
camps
and
sailed
away.
Only
the
big
wooden
horse
remained in front of the
city gate.
But the Greek
ships did not sail far. The Greeks stopped at a
place near Troy,
where
the
Trojans
could
not
see
them,
and
hid
their
ships.
At
first
the
Trojans
wanted
to burn
the wooden horse, but a Greek prisoner said,
it into Troy. It will help you.
The
horse
was
very
big,
and
the
Trojans
could
not
bring
it
in
through
the
gate.
They had to
make a hole in the wall. Then they brought the
wooden horse into the
city.
The
next
day
was
a
holiday
in
Troy.
At
night
all
the
Trojan
soldiers
fell
asleep
after a heavy festive drinking.
The Greek ships came back to Troy
in the night. When everything was quiet, the
Greek soldiers came out of the wooden
horse and opened the gates of the city. The
Greek army came into the city, killed
many Trojans and took the city.
Task 5
【答案】
A.
1) c 2) a
B.
1)
All
the
animals
thought
that
he
was
the
king
of
beasts.
Actually
he
was
a
coward.
He was afraid of human
beings and other big animals. He roared only to
scare them
away and never really hurt
them.
2)
Dorothy
and
her
dog
wanted
to
get
back
to
Kansas.
The
Scarecrow
wanted
some
brains
and the Tinman wanted a heart. The Lion
wanted to have courage.
【原文】
The following
story has been taken from The Wonderful Wizard of
Oz written by
L.
Frank
Baum
in
1900.
The
book
is
a
modern
fairy
tale
and
is
one
of
the
great
favorites
of American
children.
One
day
a
tornado
carried
away
Dorothy
and
her
dog
Toto
from
their
home
in
Kansa
sand
landed
them
in
the
wonderful
land
of
Oz.
Here
they
made
friends
with
two
strange
fellows, a
scarecrow and a tin man. The four were now on
their way to the Emerald
City where the
Great Oz lived.
Just as the
Tinman spoke there came from the forest a terrible
roar, and the
next moment a great Lion
rushed into the road. With one blow of his paw he
knocked
the Scarecrow to the edge of
the road, and then he hit the Tinman with his
sharp
claws. But, to the Lion's
surprise, he could make no mark on the tin, though
the
Tinman fell over in the road and
lay still.
Little Toto, now
that he had an enemy to face, ran barking towards
the Lion.
The
great
beast
had
opened
his
mouth
to
bite
the
dog.
Dorothy
feared
that
Toto
would
be killed. She
forgot all danger and rushed forward. She slapped
the Lion upon his
nose as hard as she could, and cried
out:
bite a poor
little dog!
Dorothy had hit it.
But how can I
help it?
Scarecrow?
Scarecrow and set him upon his feet,
while she patted him into shape again.
me to see him turn around so. Is the
other one stuffed also?
said
the Lion.
it made a cold shiver min
down my back. What is that little animal you are
so kind
to?
said the
girl.
one
thinks
of
biting
such
a
small,
little
thing
except
a
coward
like
me,
continued
the Lion
sadly.
makes
you
a
coward?
asked
Dorothy.
She
looked
at
the
great
beast
in
wonder,
for he was as big as a
small horse.
don't
know,
replied
the
Lion.
suppose
I
was
born
that
way.
All
the
other
animals in the
forest expect me to be brave, for the Lion is
everywhere thought to
be the King of
Beasts. I learned that if I roared very loudly
every living thing
was afraid and got
out of my way. Whenever I've met a man I've been
very much
frightened;
but
I
just
roared
at
him,
and
he
has
always
min
away
as
fast
as
he
could
go. If the elephants, tigers and bears
ever tried to fight me, I would run away
—
I'm such a coward; but
just as soon as they hear me roar, they all try to
get away
from me, and of course I let
them go.
Scarecrow.
his tail.
there is danger,
my heart begins to
beat
fast.
you
have,
continued
the
Tinman,
should
be
glad,
for
it
proves
you
have
a heart. For my part, I have no heart;
so I can't have heart disease.
am
going
to
the
great
Oz
to
ask
him
to
give
me
some,
remarked
the
Scarecrow,
without courage.
the other wild beasts. I
think they must be more cowardly than you if they
allow
you to scare them so
easily.
long as I
know myself to be a coward I shall be
unhappy.
So once more the
little company set off upon the journey. The Lion
walked at
Dorothy's side. Toto did not
like the Lion at first, because he could not
forget
how nearly he had been crushed
between the Lion's great jaws; but after a time he
became
more
at
ease,
and
before
long
Toro
and
the
Cowardly
Lion
became
good
friends.
Task 6
【答案】
A.
1) Civil War
2)
first, equality
3) battlefields,
bloodiest
4) ordinary
B.
1) d 2) c
【原文】
Walt Whitman is
often called the poet of American democracy. He
lived during
the American Civil War,
and he admired President Abraham Lincoln very
much.
Whitman was the first
American poet who wrote about tree equality among
all
people. In a poem called
and he found no difference. He
wrote:
In the same poem Whitman spoke up for women. He
wrote:
He also wrote:
faces of men and women I see God.
and
city is
that which has
the greatest
men and women.
Whitman
understood
war
and
the
results
of
war.
He
worked
in
a
hospital,
taking
care of wounded men. In a description
of northern soldiers who had returned from
prisons in the south he wrote:
or any collection of wounded, even the
bloodiest.
war will never get in the
books.
Whitman
was
the
first
important
American
poet
to
write
about
ordinary
people,
using ordinary language.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
1)
A
red,
red
rose
that’
s
newly
spring
in
June
and
the
melody
that
’
s
sweetly
played
in
tune.
2) He will love her till
all the seas are dried and the rocks melt in the
sun. his
love will last as long as the
sands of life run(there is life on earth).
3) Yes, he is, and he will come back no
matter how far it is.
B.
June---tune I---dry sun---run
while ---mile
【原文】
O, my love is like a red, red rose,
That is newly sprung in June.
O, my love is like the melody,
That is sweetly played in tune.
As fair are you, my lovely
lass,
So deep in love am I,
And I will love you still, my Dear,
Till all the seas go dry.
Till all the seas go dry, my Dear,
And the rocks melt with the sun!
O I will love you still, my Dear,
While the sands of life shall
run.
And fare you
well, my only Love,
And fare you well a
while!
And I will come again, my Love,
Although it were ten thousand
mile!
Task 8
【答案】
1) Tall stories,
that is, unlikely ones.
2)
Because he wanted to be a member of a certain
club.
3) He went there because
he was told that a lion came there each evening to
drink
water.
4)
Sixteen times.
5) He killed sixteen lions.
【原文】
A
famous
French
writer
who
wrote
many
books
about
England
and
the
English
people
once wrote
about the Englishman's fondness for improbable or
tall stories. In one
of
his
books
about
the
First
World
War,
an
English
priest
tells
the
following
story:
He
had
wanted
to
become
a
member
of
a
certain
club
in
Africa.
In
order
to
become
a member, each person had
to shoot at least one lion. The priest had never
shot an
animal in his life. So, armed
with a rifle and accompanied by a young African
boy,
the priest set out one evening for
a pool in the jungle where he was told a lion
came
each
evening
to
drink.
He
waited
patiently
for
a
few
hours
until
shortly
before
midnight when he heard a
rustling noise. Sure enough a few yards away the
head of
a lion appeared above a bush
that separated the priest and the pool. He aimed
and
fired. The head of the lion
immediately fell behind the bush but a moment
later
reappeared. So the priest aimed
and fired again. The head of the lion immediately
fell
behind
the
bush
but
a
moment
later
reappeared.
The
priest
fired
again:
the
same
result. He
remained calm because he knew he had brought
sixteen bullets with him.
After
his
fourth
attempt
his
aim
seemed
to
become
more
and
more
inaccurate.
In
fact,
after
his
fifteenth
attempt
the
African
boy
had
to
warn
him,
is
your
last
chance.
If you miss
this time, we are in trouble.
The
priest
then
realized
how
serious
the
situation
was,
so
he
took
a
deep
breath,
aimed
very
carefully
and
fired.
They
waited
a
moment,
then
slowly
counted
up
to
twenty:
the head of the lion did not reappear.
The priest was certain that at last he had
shot his lion. They rushed forward
together to the spot behind the bush. And what
do you think they found? Sixteen
lions.
Task 9
【答案】
I.
a young prince who lived on land
A. rose to the surface of the sea and
waited for the prince to come to her
B. never came
II.
a witch
A. changed her
fish
’
s tail into a pair of human legs
B. she gave the witch her
tongue
III.
the prince
’
s palace
A.
her feet hurt terribly
B.
didn
’
t love her
Ⅳ.
a young princess
A. drive back into the sea
B. a spirit of the air and lived
forever
【原文】
Copenhagen
is
the
capital
of
Denmark.
In
Copenhagen
harbor,
you
can
see
a
statue
of the Little Mermaid. I wonder if you
know her story. It's a sad one.
That Little Mermaid fell in love with a young
prince who lived on the land.
Every
night she used to rise up to the surface of the
sea and sit staring at his
palace, waiting for him to come to her.
But he never came.
Finally
she visited a witch. The witch changed her fish's
tail into a pair of
human
legs
so
that
she
could
go
and
live
on
land.
But
in
return,
the
Little
Mermaid
had to give her tongue to the witch, so
that she could never sing or speak again.
She loved the prince so much that she
gave it happily.
She
went
and
lived
in
the
prince's
palace,
and
every
night,
she
danced
for
him,
although
her
strange
new
feet
caused
her
terrible
pain.
But
she
didn't
mind
the
pain.
She waited and waited for the prince to
fall in love with her.
But,
although the prince liked the Little Mermaid very
much, he didn't love
her. He fell in
love with a young princess and they got married.
On their wedding
night, the Little
Mermaid sadly dived back into the sea. She had no
tail now, only
legs, and she thought
that she would die. She didn't die, though.
Because of her
kind heart, she became a
spirit of the air and lived forever.
Task 10
【答案】
A.
1) b 2) c
3) b 4) a 5) a
B.
No. 1[e] No. 2 [b] No. 3 [a] No.4
[d] No.5 [c]
【原文】
1)
A
wolf
thought
that
by
disguising
himself
as
a
sheep
he
could
get
enough
to
eat.
So he put on a
sheepskin and joined the flock without being
discovered. At sunset
the
shepherd
shut
him
with
the
sheep
in
the
fold.
Then
he
felt
hungry,
so
he
picked
up his knife and killed one of the
sheep for his supper. But it was the wolf that
he killed.
2)
A
bird
in
a
cage
at
a
window
used
to
sing
during
the
night.
A
bat
which
heard
her came up
and asked why she never sang by day, but only by
night. She explained
that there was a
good reason: she was caught while she was singing
in the daytime,
and this had taught her
a lesson.
after,
3) Monkeys are said to have a strange habit. When
twins are born to them, the
mother
will
take
care
of
only
one
of
the
twins.
She
will
hold
it
tightly
to
her
breast
and
neglect
the
other.
But
the
one
taken
care
of
will
die
because
it
cannot
breathe
freely,
while the neglected one will grow up strong and
healthy.
4)
A
gnat
alighted
on
a
bull's
horn.
After
it
had
stayed
there
a
long
time
and
felt
like
moving
on,
it
asked
the
bull
if
he
would
like
it
to
go
now.
didn't
notice
when
you came,
5)
A
reed
and
an
olive
tree
were
quarrelling
one
day.
They
wanted
to
see
which
one
was the stronger. Finally the olive tree said to
the reed,
are easily bent by the
wind.
arose. The reed was tossed about
and bent by the winds, but it was not hurt. The
olive tree stood bravely against the
storm and was broken by its force.
Task 11
【答案】
I.
A. struck a rock and began to break
up.
B. sank too
C. had survived
II.
A. he was tied
very firmly by a large number of fine
ropes.
B. about forty little men
shot at him with their arrows, which hurt like
needles.
C. the little men gave
him all the bread, meat and wine they had.
III.
was
seven
feet
by
three
feet,
equipped
with
twenty-two
wheels
and
pulled
by
fifteen
hundred little
horses
【原文】
Gulliver was travelling by ship. The
ship struck a rock and began to break up.
Some of the sailors and Gulliver got
away in a boat, but that sank too. In the end
Gulliver was the only person who
survived-who didn't drown. He kept on swimming,
and just managed to reach land. By that
time it was already evening. Gulliver kept
on walking, but by then
he was so exhausted that he lay down
on the grass, and fell
sound asleep.
He
slept
until
the
following
morning.
When
he
woke
up,
he
could
not
move.
His
arms
and
legs
were
tied
to
the
ground,
very
firmly,
and
so
was
his
hair.
There
were
a
large number of very fine, thin ropes across his
body, he discovered, and these
prevented him from moving.
Gulliver could just manage to
look down his body
—
that was all he could do
—
and there he saw, advancing up his body, about forty little men. These little
men were only about six
inches high. They were dressed as soldiers, and
each one
carried
a
bow
and
arrow.
Gulliver
shouted
out,
and
when
he
did
this,
all
the
soldiers
ran away,
though they gradually came back again.
Gulliver decided to try to escape.
He managed to break some of the ropes, and
he was also able to free his head. But
when he began to move, the soldiers shot at
him
with
their
arrows.
These
arrows
were
small
but
sharp
like
needles,
and
they
hurt
Gulliver.
He
decided
to
keep
still
and
when
he
did
so,
the
soldiers
stopped
shooting
at him
with their arrows.
By
this
time
Gulliver
was
feeling
very
hungry,
so
he
put
his
finger
to
his
mouth,
to
show
the
little
people
that
he
needed
food.
They
understood
this,
and
they
brought
him bread and meat. Gulliver ate all
the bread and meat, and then indicated that
he was thirsty. Again he was
understood, and the people brought him wine. In
fact
Gulliver drank all the wine that
was available
—
all they had.
After
that
one
of
the
king's
officers
came
up
to
Gulliver.
He
spoke
to
him,
and
indicated
that
he
had
to
go
to
the
city,
to
the
capital
of
the
island.
This
was
what
the
king
had
ordered.
Guliver
asked
to
be
set
free,
but
the
officer
refused.
Gulliver
again
thought
of
trying
to
escape,
but
he
remembered
those
arrows
which
the
soldiers
had
shot
at
him,
and
he
decided
to
do
nothing.
In
any
case
he
soon
fell
asleep,
because
of all the wine he had
drunk.
While
he
was
asleep,
the
people
on
the
island
made
arrangements
—
got
everything