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Passage Four

?

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

?

Efforts to educate people about the risks of substance abuse

（毒品滥用）

seem to deter

some people from using dangerous substances, if such efforts are realistic about what

is genuinely dangerous and what is not. Observed declines in the use of such drugs as

LSD,

PCP,

and

quaaludes

since

the

early

1970s

are

probably

related

to

increased

awareness

of

the

risks

of

their

use,

and

some

of

this

awareness

was

the

result

of

warnings

about

these

drugs

in

“

underground

”

papers

read

by

drug

users.

Such

sources are influential, because they do not give a simple

“

all drugs are terrible for

you

”

message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and

antidrug

education

that

ignores

or

denies

this

is

likely

to

be

ridiculed.

This

is

illustrated

by

the

popularity

among

young

marijuana

users

of

Reefer

Madness,

a

widely

unrealistic

propaganda

film

against

marijuana

made

in

the

1930s.

This

film

made the rounds of college campuses in the 1970s and joined rock music videos on

cable television

’

s MTV in the 1980s. Instead of deterring marijuana use, it became a

cult

（风靡一时的）

film among users, many of whom got high to watch it.

?

Although persuasion can work for some people if it is balanced and reasonable, other

people seem immune to the most reasoned educational efforts. Millions have started

smoking even though the considerable health risks of smoking have been well known

and

publicized

for

years.

Moreover,

the

usefulness

of

education

lies

in

primary

prevention: prevention of abuse among those who presently have no problem. Hence,

Bomier

’

s contention that

“

if the Pepsi generation can be persuaded to drink pop wine,

they can be persuaded not to drink it while driving

”

is probably not correct, since

most

drunken

driving

is

done

by

people

who

already

have

significant

drinking

problems, and hence seem not to be dissuaded even by much stronger measures such

as loss of a driver

’

s license.

?

ing to the passage, up to now, antidrug education____.

?

A) has made all people see the danger of drugs

?

B) has succeeded in dissuading people from using drugs

?

C) has been effective only to a certain degree

?

D) has proved to be a total failure

?

?

film

“

Reefer Madness

”

mentioned in the passage____.

?

A) effectively deterred marijuana use

?

B) was rejected by young marijuana users

?

C) did't picture the danger of marijuana realisticall

D) was welcomed by marijuana users because it told them how to get high

?

?

message

“

all drugs are terrible for you

”

is not influential because____.

?

A) it ignores the fact that drugs vary greatly indanger