-
If great achievers share anything, said
Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed.
tendency to think that they are endowed
with something super-normal,
comes
out
of
the
research
is
that
there
are
great
people
who
have
no
amazing
intellectual
processes.
It's
a
difference
in
degree.
Greatness
is
built
upon
tremendous
amounts
of
study,
practice and
devotion.
He cited Winston Churchill,
Britain's prime minister during World War II, as
an example of a
risk-taker who would
never give up. Thrust into office when his
country's morale was at its lowest,
Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the
British people. In a speech following the Allied
evacuation at
Dunkirk in 1940, he
inspired the nation when he said,
the
end … We shall never surrender.
西蒙顿说，
如果成就巨大者具有什么共性的话，
那就是一种坚持不懈地追求成功的 动力。
“往往有人认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，
”
他解释道。
“但研究表明，
有些伟人并没有
惊人的智力<
/p>
,
有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基
础之上的。
”
他举了二战时期的英国首相温 斯顿·
丘吉尔作为永不放弃敢于冒险的典范。
丘
吉尔在全
国士气最为低落的时候被推上了台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在
1940
年盟军 敦
刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，
“我们决不 会退缩、永不失败。
我们一定要坚持到底
......
我 们永远不会屈服。
”
1
、美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不
< br>太
重
要
的
。
ans
tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.
Such charact
eristics as their family
and educational backgrounds are considered less
i
mportant.
2
、他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主
,
并最终递交了辞职书 的原因。
uncompromising personality
explains why he could no longer put up
with his employer and eventually
submitted his resignation.
3
、
如果你真想学好英语，
你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，
否则你就不会有任何进步。
对
于
其
他
课
程
也
可
以
< p>这么
说
you really want to
learn English well, you must put in a lot of time
and
energy, or you'll go nowhere. The
same can be said of other subjects.
<
/p>
4
、
有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，
但是达斯汀·
霍夫曼
(Dustin Hoffman)
尽
管身材矮小
(short
statu re)
，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。
actors' fame is built on their innate beauty, but
despite his short s
tature, Dustin
Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting
that set hi
m apart.
5
、他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任
(predecessor)
有明显的不同：他有干劲和激
情
，
想
出
了
很
多
新
点
子
，
并
把
工
作
重
点
放
在
如
何
鼓
舞
我
们
的
士
气
上
。
he took charge, we
discovered that there were striking differences
between him and his predecessor
. He had the drive and passion, came up
with many new ideas, and focused his
work on how to raise our morale.
6
、当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入了史册。尽管障碍重重，他
以
不
懈
的
努
力
为
我
国
的
现
代
化
作
出
了
永
久
性
的
贡
献
。
Deng
Xiaoping made history when he declared China's
reform and opening
-
up
policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made
lasting contributions to
our country's
modernization with his unrelenting efforts.
7
、
为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面 ？承认除了智商外，
还
有
很
多
< p>别的
因
素
与
一
个
人
的
成
就
有
着< /p>
很
大
的
关
系
。
could someone with a genius IQ be left
behind by a hardworking pe
rson with an
average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides
one's IQ,
many other factors have much
to do with one's achievements.
8
这位教师真了不起，
她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。
这并不是因为她有天赋，
而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。
teacher is really remarkable in first
motivating her students so she
can
really teach them something. It's not that she is
talented, it's that she
focuses
completely or drawing their full attention in
class.
Some
persons
refrain
from
expressing
their
gratitude
because
they
feel
it
will
not
be
welcome.
A
patient
of
mine,
a
few
weeks
after
his
discharge
from
the
hospital,
came
back
to
thank
his
nurse.
didn't
come
back
sooner,
he
explained,
I
imagined
you
must
be
bored to death
with people thanking you.
the
contrary,
she
replied,
am
delighted
you
came.
Few
realize
how
much
we
need
encouragement and how much we are helped by those
who give it.
Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For on the smiles, the
thanks we give, our little gestures of
appreciation, our neighbors build up their
philosophy of life.
有些人不愿表达感激之情，
因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。
我的一个病人在出院的后几个星期
回到医院
感谢他的护士。
“我没有早点回来，
”他解释说，
“因为我猜想你 们对别人的感激一
定厌烦得要命。
”
“ 正好相反，
”她回答说，
“我很高兴你来。很少有人明白我们多么需要鼓
励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。
”
我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。
因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所
依据的正是这些微笑，
正是我们所表示的感谢
以及表示感激的小小的举动
。
1
他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。
He glared at John and was annoyed by
his refusal to cooperate.
2
约翰真诚的 讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。
John's
sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people
who rendered him generous help when
he
was in difficulty.
3
他可说是一个集邮家。他曾 经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。
He is
something of a stamp collector. The fact that once
he saved up for two years to buy a rare
stamp is proof of it.
4
The beauty of these roses could not be
overstated. They took/caught all the visitors
fancy in
one way or
another.
5
起先，他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路 。然而仔细计算其费用后，他在作
出最后决定前又不得不重新考虑了。
At first he took it for granted that
they should build more highways in this area. Then
a careful
calculation of the
expenditure compelled him to think twice before he
made the final decision.
6
每次收到我的 礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感谢。
Each
time
he
receives
a
gift
from
me,
no
matter
how
small,
my
friend
Bill
never
fails
to
acknowledge it.
7
那位新闻记者决定找到那对老夫妻信中提及的年轻人。
那封信赞颂了年轻人为改善他们的
生活条件而付出的努力。
The journalist has decided to trace the
young man referred to in the old couple's letter,
which is a
tribute to the young man's
effort at improving their living conditions.
8
虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘其产品的推销员，但他克制着没有将他们拒之门 外。
Though
he
was
fed
up
with
the
salesmen
who
knocked
at
his
door
and
boasted
about
their
products every day, he refrained from
slamming the door in their face
The
normal
Western
approach
to
a
problem
is
to
fight
it.
The
saying,
the going
gets tough, the tough get
going,
matter what the problem is, or
the techniques available for solving it, the frame
work produced
by our Western way of
thinking is fight. Dr. de Bono calls this vertical
thinking: the traditional,
sequential,
Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from
one step to the next, like toy blocks
being built one on top of the other.
The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one
of the steps is
not reached, or one of
the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the
whole structure collapses.
Impasse is
reached, and frustration, tension, feeling of
fight take over.
Lateral
thinking,
Dr.
de
Bono
says,
is
a
new
technique
of
thinking
about
things
—
a
technique
that
avoids
this
fight
altogether,
and
solves
the
problem
in
an
entirely
unexpected
fashion.
Lateral thinking
sounds simple. And it is. Once you have solved a
problem laterally, you
wonder
how
you
could
ever
have
been
hung
up
on
it.
The
key
is
making
that
vital
shift
in
emphasis, that
sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking
it head-on.
Dr. A. A. Bridger,
psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private
practice in New York,
explains how
lateral thinking works with his patients,
smoking, for instance,
they
wind up telling themselves, 'No, I will not smoke;
no, I shall not smoke; no, I will not; no, I
cannot…'
a fight and what happens is you end up
smoking more.
whole new point of view
—
that you are your body's keeper, and your body is something through
which you experience life. If you stop
to think about it, there's really something
helpless about
your body. It can do
nothing for itself. It has no choice, it is like a
baby's body. You begin then a
whole new
way of looking at it
—
'I am going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect
and protection, by not
smoking.'
一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。
“事情越 困难，硬汉子就越向前”这句话便代表了
这种解决问题的积极进取的态度。不管是什么问
题，或者可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，
我们西方人的思维方式产生的基本思路总是搏
斗。
德·
博诺博士称之为纵向思维；
即传统的、
< br>按顺序的、
亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，
坚定地从一步移到下一步，
就象玩具积木一块搭在另
一块上。
当然，
它们的缺 陷是，
如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，
或者一块积木没有放对，
那么整个结构就会坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张、和搏斗的情绪就会笼罩心头。
横向思维，德·博诺博士说，是对事物进行思考的一种新方法
--- ---
一种完全避免这种拼
搏，用完全出人意料的方式解决问题的方法。