大学成绩翻译-大学成绩翻译
Unit
1
Ways
of
Lear ning
Ⅱ
.
Words
and
Expressions
1.(L.
7)
atta ch:
vt.
fasten
or
join
(one
thing
to
another)
*
She
attached
an
ante nna
to
the
radio.
天线
(=A
tag
was
attached
to
each
article.)
Pattern:
attach
sth.
to
sth.
< br>be
attached
to
sth.
2.
(L.
21)
initial:
adj.< /p>
of
or
at
the
beginni ng;
first
最初的会谈是后来达成协议的基础。
< br>(=The
initial
talks
were
< p>thebase
of
the
later
agreement.)
*the
initial
letter
of
a
word
一个词的首字母< /p>
3.
(L.
25)
await:
< p>vt.wait
for
*
He
was
anxiously
awaiting
her
reply.
他早就期待着这个时刻了。
(=He<
/p>
has
long
awaited
this
< p>moment.)
4.
(L.
25)
on
occasion:
now
and
then< /p>
*
It
has,
on
occ asion,
created
trouble
for
the
bank.
你有时使人们感到诧异。
(
=You
have
on
occasion
surp rised
people.)
CF:
on
occasion
&
on
the
occasion
of
这两个词组非常相似，但意思不同。
on<
/p>
occasion
有时，间或。
on
the
occasion
of
在
…
之际。
*
on
the
occasion
of
sb.'s
wedding
5.
(L.
26)
neglect:
vt.
give
too
little
attention
or
care
to
*
neglect
one's
meals
and
sleep
离开时别忘了锁门。
(=Don't
neglect
t o
lock
the
door
when
you
leave.)
CF:
neglect,
ignore
&
omit
这几个词都有忽略、遗
漏之意。
neglect
指对职责、义务或应做的事没有给予足够的注意 。这种忘记可能是有意的，也可
能是无意的。例如：
*Thos
e
who
neglect
their
duties
should
be
punished.
玩忽职守者 应受惩
罚。
*Why
do
the y
always
neglect
the
traff ic
regulation.
他们为什么老是不注
意遵守
交通规则呢？
ignore
指疏忽、不顾，强调对某人或某物故意不理会 ，有时还带有固执地拒绝的意味。
例如：
*When
saw
Tom,
I
stopped
to
greet
him,
but
he
ignored
me
and
walked
on.
当我看到汤姆时，我停下来和他打招呼，但他没有理我继续往前走。
*The
teacher
ignored
my
difficult
questions.
老师对我的难题置之不理。
omit
指因专注或疏忽而忘记某事，这种失误可能是有意或无意的。该词还 可指删除不利
或不必要的东西。例如：
*She
should
not
omit
to
visit
the
museum.
她不应忘了去参观博物馆。
*The
third
part
of
the
book
may
be
omitted.
该书的第三部分可以删掉。
6.
(L.
28)
< p>relevant:adj.
directly
connec ted
with
the
subject
(
=His
color
is
not
relevant
to
whether
he's
a
g ood
lawyer.)
该证据与此案有关。
(
=The
evidence
is
relevant
to
the
case.)
Pattern:
be
relevant
to
7.
(L.
29
)
investigate:
1.<
/p>
vt.
try
to
find
out< /p>
information
about
*
Sc ientists
are
investigating
how
the
plane
crash
occurred.
*
If
you
hear
suc h
a
rumor,
investigate
it< /p>
thoroughly.
2.
vi.
mak e
a
detailed
inquiry
探究
调查
*investigate
into
an< /p>
affair
*investigate
into
a
rumor
CF:
investigate,< /p>
examine
&
inspect
这几个词
都有调查、检查之意。
investigate
较正式，指有条不紊地进 行调查研究以发现事实真相，更常用以说明调查案件、
情况、背景来历等。例如：
*They
investigated
the
c ause
of
the
accident.
他们调查 了事故的原因。
*The
police
are
< p>investigatingthe
murder.
警方正在 调查这件谋杀案。
examine
是普通用语，
指仔细地 检查某人或物。
该词还指官方主持的检查或医生进行的诊察，
也表示对某
种观点的讨论研究，更指考试。例如：
*They
examined
our
passports
very
carefull y.
他们仔细检查了我们的护照。
*An
opticia n
is
qualified
to
examine< /p>
your
eyes
and
prescribe
glasses.
眼科医生有
资格来检查你的眼睛并给你配眼镜
。
inspect
较正式，用得不如
examine
广泛，指对某人或某物进行检查、查问，带有揭示其差
异或缺陷的意思。更常
指官员们的视察以发现下属单位的缺点等，还指检阅军队。
例如：
*The
firemen
were
inspecting
the
warehouse
for
potential< /p>
fire
hazards.
消防人员正
在检
查仓库以防火灾。
*Every
length
of
cloth
is
inspected
before
it
leaves
the
factory.
出厂之前每寸布匹都
检查过。
8.
(L.
30)
throw
light
on:
h elp
understanding
*
These
facts
throw
new
light
on
the
matter.
这些事实使人进一步了解此事
。
9.
(L.
34)
exception :
n.
sb./sth.
that
a
comment
or
statement
does
not
apply
to
(=There
is
an
exception
to
this
grammatical
rule.)
这是那项规定的一个明显
的例外。
(=
This
is
an
apparent
exception
to
the
rule.)
Pattern:
an
except ion
to
Collocation:
with
many/few
exceptions
有很多
/
很少例外
without
exception
< p>毫无例外，一律
with
the
exception
of
除
…
之外
make<
/p>
an
exception
of
把
.. .
作为例外
make
no
excepti ons
不容许有例外；一视同仁
10.
(L.
< p>39)desirable:
adj.
worth
< p>havingas
by
being
usefu l,
advantageous,
or
pleasing;
worth
achieving
*
Ma in
Street
is
a
very
desirable
location
for
a
l arge
department
store.
*
It
is
most
desirable
th at
he
should
attend
the
conference.
NB:
antonym:
undesirable
11.
(L.
41)
accomplish:
vt.
manage
to
do
(sth.)
*
She's
a ccomplished
a
great
deal
i n
the
last
few
weeks.
< p>这项任务不是在一代人的时间里所能完成的。
(=
The< /p>
task
will
not
be
acc omplished
in
one
generation.)
Collocation:
accomplish
on e's
object/goal
达到目的
accompl
ish
one's
mission
CF:
accomplish,
complete
&
finish
完成使命
这三个词都含
“
完成
”
的意思。
accomplish
通常接
task,
aim,
journey,
voyage
航行旅程等名词，有时兼有取得效果之意。例
如：
*I
don't
feel
our
visit
< p>reallyaccomplished
anything.
我不认为我们的访问真正
取了什么结果。
complete
比
accomplish
具体，可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指按预 期目的把未完成的工
作经过进一步的努力使之完成，主要涵义是补足缺少的部分。例如：
*The
building
will
be
completed
by
the
end
< p>ofthis
month.
这座楼于本月底建成。
< p>finish
在许多情况下可与
complete
换 用
,
但不及
complete
正式，常含有认真仔 细地完成工
作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美的意思。例如：
*Finish
the
work
off
befor e
you
leave
for
your
holiday.
你去度假前应先把工作做完。
12.
(L.
43)
in
due
course:
at
the
proper
time;
eve ntually
*
Be
patient.
You'll
get
your
promotion
in
due
course.
(
声音文件< /p>
in
due
course)
(=Your<
/p>
book
will
be
published
in
due
course.)
13.
(L.
48)
critical:
adj.
1)
very
important
*
A
second
income
is
critica l
to
the
family's
well-bei ng.
接下来的两个礼拜对于公司来说是至关重要的。
(=Th
e
next
two
weeks
will
< p>becritical
for
the
comp any.)
Collocation
:
a
critical
decision
重大的决定
critical
moment
紧要关头，关键时刻
2)
very
serious
or
dangerous
严重短缺食物
(=a
critical
shortage
of
food)
Colloca
tion:
critical
condition
危险状 态
a
critical
illness
重 病
14.
(L.
50)
principa l
adj.
main;
chief
*
the
principal
food
of
the
people
of
India
*
the
principal
rivers
of
Europe
CF:
principal
&< /p>
principle
principal
和
principle
的意思完全不同，但常常被混淆。
principle
仅作名词用，其主要意义指基本的东西或规则和标准。
principal
既是名词又是形容词。作为名词，它一般指居于
高位或担任重要角色的人。例如：
a
meeting
am ong
all
the
principals
in< /p>
the
transaction
。交易
事务
作为形容词，它
有主要的或首要的的意思。
15
.
(L.
50)
rear:
1.
v t.
Bring
up
and
educate;
look
after
(animals)
*r
ear
children
饲养家禽
(=rear
poultry)
2.
n.
back
part
后部；背面
*
The
kitchen
is
in
the
rear
of
the
house.
停车场在这建筑
物的后边。
(=
The
parking
l ot
is
at
the
rear
of
the
building.)
16.
(L .
52)
make
up
for:
r epay
with
sth.
good;
compe nsate
for
*
I
didn't
travel
much
when
I
wa s
younger,
but
I'm
certain ly
making
up
for
lost
< p>timenow.
他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
(=They
hurried
on
to
m ake
up
for
lost
time.)